4 This file contains descriptions of new features that have been added to Exim.
5 Before a formal release, there may be quite a lot of detail so that people can
6 test from the snapshots or the Git before the documentation is updated. Once
7 the documentation is updated, this file is reduced to a short list.
12 1. PKG_CONFIG_PATH can now be set in Local/Makefile;
13 wildcards will be expanded, values are collapsed.
15 2. The ${readsocket } expansion now takes an option to not shutdown the
16 connection after sending the query string. The default remains to do so.
18 3. An smtp transport option "hosts_noproxy_tls" to control whether multiple
19 deliveries on a single TCP connection can maintain a TLS connection
20 open. By default disabled for all hosts, doing so saves the cost of
21 making new TLS sessions, at the cost of having to proxy the data via
22 another process. Logging is also affected.
24 4. A malware connection type for the FPSCAND protocol.
26 5. An option for recipient verify callouts to hold the connection open for
27 further recipients and for delivery.
29 6. The reproducible build $SOURCE_DATE_EPOCH environment variable is now
32 7. Optionally, an alternate format for spool data-files which matches the
33 wire format - meaning more efficient reception and transmission (at the
34 cost of difficulty with standard Unix tools). Only used for messages
35 received using the ESMTP CHUNKING option, and when a new main-section
36 option "spool_wireformat" (false by default) is set.
38 8. New main configuration option "commandline_checks_require_admin" to
39 restrict who can use various introspection options.
41 9. New option modifier "no_check" for quota and quota_filecount
44 10. Variable $smtp_command_history returning a comma-sep list of recent
47 11. Millisecond timetamps in logs, on log_selector "millisec". Also affects
48 log elements QT, DT and D, and timstamps in debug output.
50 12. TCP Fast Open logging. As a server, logs when the SMTP banner was sent
51 while still in SYN_RECV state; as a client logs when the connection
52 is opened with a TFO cookie.
54 13. DKIM support for multiple signing, by domain and/or key-selector.
55 DKIM support for multiple hashes, and for alternate-identity tags.
56 Builtin macro with default list of signed headers.
57 Better syntax for specifying oversigning.
59 14. Exipick understands -C|--config for an alternative Exim
62 15. TCP Fast Open used, with data-on-SYN, for client SMTP via SOCKS5 proxy,
63 for ${readsocket } expansions, and for ClamAV.
65 16. The "-be" expansion test mode now supports macros. Macros are expanded
66 in test lines, and new macros can be defined.
72 1. Allow relative config file names for ".include"
74 2. A main-section config option "debug_store" to control the checks on
75 variable locations during store-reset. Normally false but can be enabled
76 when a memory corrution issue is suspected on a production system.
82 1. The new perl_taintmode option allows to run the embedded perl
83 interpreter in taint mode.
85 2. New log_selector: dnssec, adds a "DS" tag to acceptance and delivery lines.
87 3. Speculative debugging, via a "kill" option to the "control=debug" ACL
90 4. New expansion item ${sha3:<string>} / ${sha3_<N>:<string>}.
91 N can be 224, 256 (default), 384, 512.
92 With GnuTLS 3.5.0 or later, only.
94 5. Facility for named queues: A command-line argument can specify
95 the queue name for a queue operation, and an ACL modifier can set
96 the queue to be used for a message. A $queue_name variable gives
99 6. New expansion operators base32/base32d.
101 7. The CHUNKING ESMTP extension from RFC 3030. May give some slight
102 performance increase and network load decrease. Main config option
103 chunking_advertise_hosts, and smtp transport option hosts_try_chunking
106 8. LMDB lookup support, as Experimental. Patch supplied by Andrew Colin Kissa.
108 9. Expansion operator escape8bit, like escape but not touching newline etc..
110 10. Feature macros, generated from compile options. All start with "_HAVE_"
111 and go on with some roughly recognisable name. Driver macros, for
112 router, transport and authentication drivers; names starting with "_DRIVER_".
113 Option macros, for each configuration-file option; all start with "_OPT_".
114 Use the "-bP macros" command-line option to see what is present.
116 11. Integer values for options can take a "G" multiplier.
118 12. defer=pass option for the ACL control cutthrough_delivery, to reflect 4xx
119 returns from the target back to the initiator, rather than spooling the
122 13. New built-in constants available for tls_dhparam and default changed.
124 14. If built with EXPERIMENTAL_QUEUEFILE, a queuefile transport, for writing
125 out copies of the message spool files for use by 3rd-party scanners.
127 15. A new option on the smtp transport, hosts_try_fastopen. If the system
128 supports it (on Linux it must be enabled in the kernel by the sysadmin)
129 try to use RFC 7413 "TCP Fast Open". No data is sent on the SYN segment
130 but it permits a peer that also supports the facility to send its SMTP
131 banner immediately after the SYN,ACK segment rather then waiting for
132 another ACK - so saving up to one roundtrip time. Because it requires
133 previous communication with the peer (we save a cookie from it) this
134 will only become active on frequently-contacted destinations.
136 16. A new syslog_pid option to suppress PID duplication in syslog lines.
142 1. The ACL conditions regex and mime_regex now capture substrings
143 into numeric variables $regex1 to 9, like the "match" expansion condition.
145 2. New $callout_address variable records the address used for a spam=,
146 malware= or verify= callout.
148 3. Transports now take a "max_parallel" option, to limit concurrency.
150 4. Expansion operators ${ipv6norm:<string>} and ${ipv6denorm:<string>}.
151 The latter expands to a 8-element colon-sep set of hex digits including
152 leading zeroes. A trailing ipv4-style dotted-decimal set is converted
153 to hex. Pure ipv4 addresses are converted to IPv4-mapped IPv6.
154 The former operator strips leading zeroes and collapses the longest
155 set of 0-groups to a double-colon.
157 5. New "-bP config" support, to dump the effective configuration.
159 6. New $dkim_key_length variable.
161 7. New base64d and base64 expansion items (the existing str2b64 being a
162 synonym of the latter). Add support in base64 for certificates.
164 8. New main configuration option "bounce_return_linesize_limit" to
165 avoid oversize bodies in bounces. The default value matches RFC
168 9. New $initial_cwd expansion variable.
174 1. Support for using the system standard CA bundle.
176 2. New expansion items $config_file, $config_dir, containing the file
177 and directory name of the main configuration file. Also $exim_version.
179 3. New "malware=" support for Avast.
181 4. New "spam=" variant option for Rspamd.
183 5. Assorted options on malware= and spam= scanners.
185 6. A command-line option to write a comment into the logfile.
187 7. If built with EXPERIMENTAL_SOCKS feature enabled, the smtp transport can
188 be configured to make connections via socks5 proxies.
190 8. If built with EXPERIMENTAL_INTERNATIONAL, support is included for
191 the transmission of UTF-8 envelope addresses.
193 9. If built with EXPERIMENTAL_INTERNATIONAL, an expansion item for a commonly
194 used encoding of Maildir folder names.
196 10. A logging option for slow DNS lookups.
198 11. New ${env {<variable>}} expansion.
200 12. A non-SMTP authenticator using information from TLS client certificates.
202 13. Main option "tls_eccurve" for selecting an Elliptic Curve for TLS.
203 Patch originally by Wolfgang Breyha.
205 14. Main option "dns_trust_aa" for trusting your local nameserver at the
206 same level as DNSSEC.
212 1. If built with EXPERIMENTAL_DANE feature enabled, Exim will follow the
213 DANE SMTP draft to assess a secure chain of trust of the certificate
214 used to establish the TLS connection based on a TLSA record in the
215 domain of the sender.
217 2. The EXPERIMENTAL_TPDA feature has been renamed to EXPERIMENTAL_EVENT
218 and several new events have been created. The reason is because it has
219 been expanded beyond just firing events during the transport phase. Any
220 existing TPDA transport options will have to be rewritten to use a new
221 $event_name expansion variable in a condition. Refer to the
222 experimental-spec.txt for details and examples.
224 3. The EXPERIMENTAL_CERTNAMES features is an enhancement to verify that
225 server certs used for TLS match the result of the MX lookup. It does
226 not use the same mechanism as DANE.
236 1. If built with the EXPERIMENTAL_PROXY feature enabled, Exim can be
237 configured to expect an initial header from a proxy that will make the
238 actual external source IP:host be used in exim instead of the IP of the
239 proxy that is connecting to it.
241 2. New verify option header_names_ascii, which will check to make sure
242 there are no non-ASCII characters in header names. Exim itself handles
243 those non-ASCII characters, but downstream apps may not, so Exim can
244 detect and reject if those characters are present.
246 3. New expansion operator ${utf8clean:string} to replace malformed UTF8
247 codepoints with valid ones.
249 4. New malware type "sock". Talks over a Unix or TCP socket, sending one
250 command line and matching a regex against the return data for trigger
251 and a second regex to extract malware_name. The mail spoolfile name can
252 be included in the command line.
254 5. The smtp transport now supports options "tls_verify_hosts" and
255 "tls_try_verify_hosts". If either is set the certificate verification
256 is split from the encryption operation. The default remains that a failed
257 verification cancels the encryption.
259 6. New SERVERS override of default ldap server list. In the ACLs, an ldap
260 lookup can now set a list of servers to use that is different from the
263 7. New command-line option -C for exiqgrep to specify alternate exim.conf
264 file when searching the queue.
266 8. OCSP now supports GnuTLS also, if you have version 3.1.3 or later of that.
268 9. Support for DNSSEC on outbound connections.
270 10. New variables "tls_(in,out)_(our,peer)cert" and expansion item
271 "certextract" to extract fields from them. Hash operators md5 and sha1
272 work over them for generating fingerprints, and a new sha256 operator
275 11. PRDR is now supported dy default.
277 12. OCSP stapling is now supported by default.
279 13. If built with the EXPERIMENTAL_DSN feature enabled, Exim will output
280 Delivery Status Notification messages in MIME format, and negotiate
281 DSN features per RFC 3461.
287 1. New command-line option -bI:sieve will list all supported sieve extensions
288 of this Exim build on standard output, one per line.
289 ManageSieve (RFC 5804) providers managing scripts for use by Exim should
290 query this to establish the correct list to include in the protocol's
291 SIEVE capability line.
293 2. If the -n option is combined with the -bP option, then the name of an
294 emitted option is not output, only the value (if visible to you).
295 For instance, "exim -n -bP pid_file_path" should just emit a pathname
296 followed by a newline, and no other text.
298 3. When built with SUPPORT_TLS and USE_GNUTLS, the SMTP transport driver now
299 has a "tls_dh_min_bits" option, to set the minimum acceptable number of
300 bits in the Diffie-Hellman prime offered by a server (in DH ciphersuites)
301 acceptable for security. (Option accepted but ignored if using OpenSSL).
302 Defaults to 1024, the old value. May be lowered only to 512, or raised as
303 far as you like. Raising this may hinder TLS interoperability with other
304 sites and is not currently recommended. Lowering this will permit you to
305 establish a TLS session which is not as secure as you might like.
307 Unless you really know what you are doing, leave it alone.
309 4. If not built with DISABLE_DNSSEC, Exim now has the main option
310 dns_dnssec_ok; if set to 1 then Exim will initialise the resolver library
311 to send the DO flag to your recursive resolver. If you have a recursive
312 resolver, which can set the Authenticated Data (AD) flag in results, Exim
313 can now detect this. Exim does not perform validation itself, instead
314 relying upon a trusted path to the resolver.
316 Current status: work-in-progress; $sender_host_dnssec variable added.
318 5. DSCP support for outbound connections: on a transport using the smtp driver,
319 set "dscp = ef", for instance, to cause the connections to have the relevant
320 DSCP (IPv4 TOS or IPv6 TCLASS) value in the header.
322 Similarly for inbound connections, there is a new control modifier, dscp,
323 so "warn control = dscp/ef" in the connect ACL, or after authentication.
325 Supported values depend upon system libraries. "exim -bI:dscp" to list the
326 ones Exim knows of. You can also set a raw number 0..0x3F.
328 6. The -G command-line flag is no longer ignored; it is now equivalent to an
329 ACL setting "control = suppress_local_fixups". The -L command-line flag
330 is now accepted and forces use of syslog, with the provided tag as the
331 process name. A few other flags used by Sendmail are now accepted and
334 7. New cutthrough routing feature. Requested by a "control = cutthrough_delivery"
335 ACL modifier; works for single-recipient mails which are received on and
336 deliverable via SMTP. Using the connection made for a recipient verify,
337 if requested before the verify, or a new one made for the purpose while
338 the inbound connection is still active. The bulk of the mail item is copied
339 direct from the inbound socket to the outbound (as well as the spool file).
340 When the source notifies the end of data, the data acceptance by the destination
341 is negotiated before the acceptance is sent to the source. If the destination
342 does not accept the mail item, for example due to content-scanning, the item
343 is not accepted from the source and therefore there is no need to generate
344 a bounce mail. This is of benefit when providing a secondary-MX service.
345 The downside is that delays are under the control of the ultimate destination
348 The Received-by: header on items delivered by cutthrough is generated
349 early in reception rather than at the end; this will affect any timestamp
350 included. The log line showing delivery is recorded before that showing
351 reception; it uses a new ">>" tag instead of "=>".
353 To support the feature, verify-callout connections can now use ESMTP and TLS.
354 The usual smtp transport options are honoured, plus a (new, default everything)
355 hosts_verify_avoid_tls.
357 New variable families named tls_in_cipher, tls_out_cipher etc. are introduced
358 for specific access to the information for each connection. The old names
359 are present for now but deprecated.
361 Not yet supported: IGNOREQUOTA, SIZE, PIPELINING.
363 8. New expansion operators ${listnamed:name} to get the content of a named list
364 and ${listcount:string} to count the items in a list.
366 9. New global option "gnutls_allow_auto_pkcs11", defaults false. The GnuTLS
367 rewrite in 4.80 combines with GnuTLS 2.12.0 or later, to autoload PKCS11
368 modules. For some situations this is desirable, but we expect admin in
369 those situations to know they want the feature. More commonly, it means
370 that GUI user modules get loaded and are broken by the setuid Exim being
371 unable to access files specified in environment variables and passed
372 through, thus breakage. So we explicitly inhibit the PKCS11 initialisation
373 unless this new option is set.
375 Some older OS's with earlier versions of GnuTLS might not have pkcs11 ability,
376 so have also added a build option which can be used to build Exim with GnuTLS
377 but without trying to use any kind of PKCS11 support. Uncomment this in the
380 AVOID_GNUTLS_PKCS11=yes
382 10. The "acl = name" condition on an ACL now supports optional arguments.
383 New expansion item "${acl {name}{arg}...}" and expansion condition
384 "acl {{name}{arg}...}" are added. In all cases up to nine arguments
385 can be used, appearing in $acl_arg1 to $acl_arg9 for the called ACL.
386 Variable $acl_narg contains the number of arguments. If the ACL sets
387 a "message =" value this becomes the result of the expansion item,
388 or the value of $value for the expansion condition. If the ACL returns
389 accept the expansion condition is true; if reject, false. A defer
390 return results in a forced fail.
392 11. Routers and transports can now have multiple headers_add and headers_remove
393 option lines. The concatenated list is used.
395 12. New ACL modifier "remove_header" can remove headers before message gets
396 handled by routers/transports.
398 13. New dnsdb lookup pseudo-type "a+". A sequence of "a6" (if configured),
399 "aaaa" and "a" lookups is done and the full set of results returned.
401 14. New expansion variable $headers_added with content from ACL add_header
402 modifier (but not yet added to message).
404 15. New 8bitmime status logging option for received messages. Log field "M8S".
406 16. New authenticated_sender logging option, adding to log field "A".
408 17. New expansion variables $router_name and $transport_name. Useful
409 particularly for debug_print as -bt command-line option does not
410 require privilege whereas -d does.
412 18. If built with EXPERIMENTAL_PRDR, per-recipient data responses per a
413 proposed extension to SMTP from Eric Hall.
415 19. The pipe transport has gained the force_command option, to allow
416 decorating commands from user .forward pipe aliases with prefix
417 wrappers, for instance.
419 20. Callout connections can now AUTH; the same controls as normal delivery
422 21. Support for DMARC, using opendmarc libs, can be enabled. It adds new
423 options: dmarc_forensic_sender, dmarc_history_file, and dmarc_tld_file.
424 It adds new expansion variables $dmarc_ar_header, $dmarc_status,
425 $dmarc_status_text, and $dmarc_used_domain. It adds a new acl modifier
426 dmarc_status. It adds new control flags dmarc_disable_verify and
427 dmarc_enable_forensic. The default for the dmarc_tld_file option is
428 "/etc/exim/opendmarc.tlds" and can be changed via EDITME.
430 22. Add expansion variable $authenticated_fail_id, which is the username
431 provided to the authentication method which failed. It is available
432 for use in subsequent ACL processing (typically quit or notquit ACLs).
434 23. New ACL modifier "udpsend" can construct a UDP packet to send to a given
437 24. New ${hexquote:..string..} expansion operator converts non-printable
438 characters in the string to \xNN form.
440 25. Experimental TPDA (Transport Post Delivery Action) function added.
441 Patch provided by Axel Rau.
443 26. Experimental Redis lookup added. Patch provided by Warren Baker.
449 1. New authenticator driver, "gsasl". Server-only (at present).
450 This is a SASL interface, licensed under GPL, which can be found at
451 http://www.gnu.org/software/gsasl/.
452 This system does not provide sources of data for authentication, so
453 careful use needs to be made of the conditions in Exim.
455 2. New authenticator driver, "heimdal_gssapi". Server-only.
456 A replacement for using cyrus_sasl with Heimdal, now that $KRB5_KTNAME
457 is no longer honoured for setuid programs by Heimdal. Use the
458 "server_keytab" option to point to the keytab.
460 3. The "pkg-config" system can now be used when building Exim to reference
461 cflags and library information for lookups and authenticators, rather
462 than having to update "CFLAGS", "AUTH_LIBS", "LOOKUP_INCLUDE" and
463 "LOOKUP_LIBS" directly. Similarly for handling the TLS library support
464 without adjusting "TLS_INCLUDE" and "TLS_LIBS".
466 In addition, setting PCRE_CONFIG=yes will query the pcre-config tool to
467 find the headers and libraries for PCRE.
469 4. New expansion variable $tls_bits.
471 5. New lookup type, "dbmjz". Key is an Exim list, the elements of which will
472 be joined together with ASCII NUL characters to construct the key to pass
473 into the DBM library. Can be used with gsasl to access sasldb2 files as
476 6. OpenSSL now supports TLS1.1 and TLS1.2 with OpenSSL 1.0.1.
478 Avoid release 1.0.1a if you can. Note that the default value of
479 "openssl_options" is no longer "+dont_insert_empty_fragments", as that
480 increased susceptibility to attack. This may still have interoperability
481 implications for very old clients (see version 4.31 change 37) but
482 administrators can choose to make the trade-off themselves and restore
483 compatibility at the cost of session security.
485 7. Use of the new expansion variable $tls_sni in the main configuration option
486 tls_certificate will cause Exim to re-expand the option, if the client
487 sends the TLS Server Name Indication extension, to permit choosing a
488 different certificate; tls_privatekey will also be re-expanded. You must
489 still set these options to expand to valid files when $tls_sni is not set.
491 The SMTP Transport has gained the option tls_sni, which will set a hostname
492 for outbound TLS sessions, and set $tls_sni too.
494 A new log_selector, +tls_sni, has been added, to log received SNI values
495 for Exim as a server.
497 8. The existing "accept_8bitmime" option now defaults to true. This means
498 that Exim is deliberately not strictly RFC compliant. We're following
499 Dan Bernstein's advice in http://cr.yp.to/smtp/8bitmime.html by default.
500 Those who disagree, or know that they are talking to mail servers that,
501 even today, are not 8-bit clean, need to turn off this option.
503 9. Exim can now be started with -bw (with an optional timeout, given as
504 -bw<timespec>). With this, stdin at startup is a socket that is
505 already listening for connections. This has a more modern name of
506 "socket activation", but forcing the activated socket to fd 0. We're
507 interested in adding more support for modern variants.
509 10. ${eval } now uses 64-bit values on supporting platforms. A new "G" suffix
510 for numbers indicates multiplication by 1024^3.
512 11. The GnuTLS support has been revamped; the three options gnutls_require_kx,
513 gnutls_require_mac & gnutls_require_protocols are no longer supported.
514 tls_require_ciphers is now parsed by gnutls_priority_init(3) as a priority
515 string, documentation for which is at:
516 http://www.gnutls.org/manual/html_node/Priority-Strings.html
518 SNI support has been added to Exim's GnuTLS integration too.
520 For sufficiently recent GnuTLS libraries, ${randint:..} will now use
521 gnutls_rnd(), asking for GNUTLS_RND_NONCE level randomness.
523 12. With OpenSSL, if built with EXPERIMENTAL_OCSP, a new option tls_ocsp_file
524 is now available. If the contents of the file are valid, then Exim will
525 send that back in response to a TLS status request; this is OCSP Stapling.
526 Exim will not maintain the contents of the file in any way: administrators
527 are responsible for ensuring that it is up-to-date.
529 See "experimental-spec.txt" for more details.
531 13. ${lookup dnsdb{ }} supports now SPF record types. They are handled
532 identically to TXT record lookups.
534 14. New expansion variable $tod_epoch_l for higher-precision time.
536 15. New global option tls_dh_max_bits, defaulting to current value of NSS
537 hard-coded limit of DH ephemeral bits, to fix interop problems caused by
538 GnuTLS 2.12 library recommending a bit count higher than NSS supports.
540 16. tls_dhparam now used by both OpenSSL and GnuTLS, can be path or identifier.
541 Option can now be a path or an identifier for a standard prime.
542 If unset, we use the DH prime from section 2.2 of RFC 5114, "ike23".
543 Set to "historic" to get the old GnuTLS behaviour of auto-generated DH
546 17. SSLv2 now disabled by default in OpenSSL. (Never supported by GnuTLS).
547 Use "openssl_options -no_sslv2" to re-enable support, if your OpenSSL
548 install was not built with OPENSSL_NO_SSL2 ("no-ssl2").
554 1. New options for the ratelimit ACL condition: /count= and /unique=.
555 The /noupdate option has been replaced by a /readonly option.
557 2. The SMTP transport's protocol option may now be set to "smtps", to
558 use SSL-on-connect outbound.
560 3. New variable $av_failed, set true if the AV scanner deferred; ie, when
561 there is a problem talking to the AV scanner, or the AV scanner running.
563 4. New expansion conditions, "inlist" and "inlisti", which take simple lists
564 and check if the search item is a member of the list. This does not
565 support named lists, but does subject the list part to string expansion.
567 5. Unless the new EXPAND_LISTMATCH_RHS build option is set when Exim was
568 built, Exim no longer performs string expansion on the second string of
569 the match_* expansion conditions: "match_address", "match_domain",
570 "match_ip" & "match_local_part". Named lists can still be used.
576 1. The global option "dns_use_edns0" may be set to coerce EDNS0 usage on
577 or off in the resolver library.
583 1. In addition to the existing LDAP and LDAP/SSL ("ldaps") support, there
584 is now LDAP/TLS support, given sufficiently modern OpenLDAP client
585 libraries. The following global options have been added in support of
586 this: ldap_ca_cert_dir, ldap_ca_cert_file, ldap_cert_file, ldap_cert_key,
587 ldap_cipher_suite, ldap_require_cert, ldap_start_tls.
589 2. The pipe transport now takes a boolean option, "freeze_signal", default
590 false. When true, if the external delivery command exits on a signal then
591 Exim will freeze the message in the queue, instead of generating a bounce.
593 3. Log filenames may now use %M as an escape, instead of %D (still available).
594 The %M pattern expands to yyyymm, providing month-level resolution.
596 4. The $message_linecount variable is now updated for the maildir_tag option,
597 in the same way as $message_size, to reflect the real number of lines,
598 including any header additions or removals from transport.
600 5. When contacting a pool of SpamAssassin servers configured in spamd_address,
601 Exim now selects entries randomly, to better scale in a cluster setup.
607 1. SECURITY FIX: privilege escalation flaw fixed. On Linux (and only Linux)
608 the flaw permitted the Exim run-time user to cause root to append to
609 arbitrary files of the attacker's choosing, with the content based
610 on content supplied by the attacker.
612 2. Exim now supports loading some lookup types at run-time, using your
613 platform's dlopen() functionality. This has limited platform support
614 and the intention is not to support every variant, it's limited to
615 dlopen(). This permits the main Exim binary to not be linked against
616 all the libraries needed for all the lookup types.
622 NOTE: this version is not guaranteed backwards-compatible, please read the
623 items below carefully
625 1. A new main configuration option, "openssl_options", is available if Exim
626 is built with SSL support provided by OpenSSL. The option allows
627 administrators to specify OpenSSL options to be used on connections;
628 typically this is to set bug compatibility features which the OpenSSL
629 developers have not enabled by default. There may be security
630 consequences for certain options, so these should not be changed
633 2. A new pipe transport option, "permit_coredumps", may help with problem
634 diagnosis in some scenarios. Note that Exim is typically installed as
635 a setuid binary, which on most OSes will inhibit coredumps by default,
636 so that safety mechanism would have to be overridden for this option to
637 be able to take effect.
639 3. ClamAV 0.95 is now required for ClamAV support in Exim, unless
640 Local/Makefile sets: WITH_OLD_CLAMAV_STREAM=yes
641 Note that this switches Exim to use a new API ("INSTREAM") and a future
642 release of ClamAV will remove support for the old API ("STREAM").
644 The av_scanner option, when set to "clamd", now takes an optional third
645 part, "local", which causes Exim to pass a filename to ClamAV instead of
646 the file content. This is the same behaviour as when clamd is pointed at
647 a Unix-domain socket. For example:
649 av_scanner = clamd:192.0.2.3 1234:local
651 ClamAV's ExtendedDetectionInfo response format is now handled.
653 4. There is now a -bmalware option, restricted to admin users. This option
654 takes one parameter, a filename, and scans that file with Exim's
655 malware-scanning framework. This is intended purely as a debugging aid
656 to ensure that Exim's scanning is working, not to replace other tools.
657 Note that the ACL framework is not invoked, so if av_scanner references
658 ACL variables without a fallback then this will fail.
660 5. There is a new expansion operator, "reverse_ip", which will reverse IP
661 addresses; IPv4 into dotted quad, IPv6 into dotted nibble. Examples:
663 ${reverse_ip:192.0.2.4}
665 ${reverse_ip:2001:0db8:c42:9:1:abcd:192.0.2.3}
666 -> 3.0.2.0.0.0.0.c.d.c.b.a.1.0.0.0.9.0.0.0.2.4.c.0.8.b.d.0.1.0.0.2
668 6. There is a new ACL control called "debug", to enable debug logging.
669 This allows selective logging of certain incoming transactions within
670 production environments, with some care. It takes two options, "tag"
671 and "opts"; "tag" is included in the filename of the log and "opts"
672 is used as per the -d<options> command-line option. Examples, which
673 don't all make sense in all contexts:
676 control = debug/tag=.$sender_host_address
677 control = debug/opts=+expand+acl
678 control = debug/tag=.$message_exim_id/opts=+expand
680 7. It has always been implicit in the design and the documentation that
681 "the Exim user" is not root. src/EDITME said that using root was
682 "very strongly discouraged". This is not enough to keep people from
683 shooting themselves in the foot in days when many don't configure Exim
684 themselves but via package build managers. The security consequences of
685 running various bits of network code are severe if there should be bugs in
686 them. As such, the Exim user may no longer be root. If configured
687 statically, Exim will refuse to build. If configured as ref:user then Exim
688 will exit shortly after start-up. If you must shoot yourself in the foot,
689 then henceforth you will have to maintain your own local patches to strip
692 8. There is a new expansion condition, bool_lax{}. Where bool{} uses the ACL
693 condition logic to determine truth/failure and will fail to expand many
694 strings, bool_lax{} uses the router condition logic, where most strings
696 Note: bool{00} is false, bool_lax{00} is true.
698 9. Routers now support multiple "condition" tests.
700 10. There is now a runtime configuration option "tcp_wrappers_daemon_name".
701 Setting this allows an admin to define which entry in the tcpwrappers
702 config file will be used to control access to the daemon. This option
703 is only available when Exim is built with USE_TCP_WRAPPERS. The
704 default value is set at build time using the TCP_WRAPPERS_DAEMON_NAME
707 11. [POSSIBLE CONFIG BREAKAGE] The default value for system_filter_user is now
708 the Exim run-time user, instead of root.
710 12. [POSSIBLE CONFIG BREAKAGE] ALT_CONFIG_ROOT_ONLY is no longer optional and
711 is forced on. This is mitigated by the new build option
712 TRUSTED_CONFIG_LIST which defines a list of configuration files which
713 are trusted; one per line. If a config file is owned by root and matches
714 a pathname in the list, then it may be invoked by the Exim build-time
715 user without Exim relinquishing root privileges.
717 13. [POSSIBLE CONFIG BREAKAGE] The Exim user is no longer automatically
718 trusted to supply -D<Macro[=Value]> overrides on the command-line. Going
719 forward, we recommend using TRUSTED_CONFIG_LIST with shim configs that
720 include the main config. As a transition mechanism, we are temporarily
721 providing a work-around: the new build option WHITELIST_D_MACROS provides
722 a colon-separated list of macro names which may be overridden by the Exim
723 run-time user. The values of these macros are constrained to the regex
724 ^[A-Za-z0-9_/.-]*$ (which explicitly does allow for empty values).
730 1. TWO SECURITY FIXES: one relating to mail-spools which are globally
731 writable, the other to locking of MBX folders (not mbox).
733 2. MySQL stored procedures are now supported.
735 3. The dkim_domain transport option is now a list, not a single string, and
736 messages will be signed for each element in the list (discarding
739 4. The 4.70 release unexpectedly changed the behaviour of dnsdb TXT lookups
740 in the presence of multiple character strings within the RR. Prior to 4.70,
741 only the first string would be returned. The dnsdb lookup now, by default,
742 preserves the pre-4.70 semantics, but also now takes an extended output
743 separator specification. The separator can be followed by a semicolon, to
744 concatenate the individual text strings together with no join character,
745 or by a comma and a second separator character, in which case the text
746 strings within a TXT record are joined on that second character.
747 Administrators are reminded that DNS provides no ordering guarantees
748 between multiple records in an RRset. For example:
750 foo.example. IN TXT "a" "b" "c"
751 foo.example. IN TXT "d" "e" "f"
753 ${lookup dnsdb{>/ txt=foo.example}} -> "a/d"
754 ${lookup dnsdb{>/; txt=foo.example}} -> "def/abc"
755 ${lookup dnsdb{>/,+ txt=foo.example}} -> "a+b+c/d+e+f"
761 1. Native DKIM support without an external library.
762 (Note that if no action to prevent it is taken, a straight upgrade will
763 result in DKIM verification of all signed incoming emails. See spec
764 for details on conditionally disabling)
766 2. Experimental DCC support via dccifd (contributed by Wolfgang Breyha).
768 3. There is now a bool{} expansion condition which maps certain strings to
769 true/false condition values (most likely of use in conjunction with the
770 and{} expansion operator).
772 4. The $spam_score, $spam_bar and $spam_report variables are now available
775 5. exim -bP now supports "macros", "macro_list" or "macro MACRO_NAME" as
776 options, provided that Exim is invoked by an admin_user.
778 6. There is a new option gnutls_compat_mode, when linked against GnuTLS,
779 which increases compatibility with older clients at the cost of decreased
780 security. Don't set this unless you need to support such clients.
782 7. There is a new expansion operator, ${randint:...} which will produce a
783 "random" number less than the supplied integer. This randomness is
784 not guaranteed to be cryptographically strong, but depending upon how
785 Exim was built may be better than the most naive schemes.
787 8. Exim now explicitly ensures that SHA256 is available when linked against
790 9. The transport_filter_timeout option now applies to SMTP transports too.
796 1. Preliminary DKIM support in Experimental.
802 1. The body_linecount and body_zerocount C variables are now exported in the
805 2. When a dnslists lookup succeeds, the key that was looked up is now placed
806 in $dnslist_matched. When the key is an IP address, it is not reversed in
807 this variable (though it is, of course, in the actual lookup). In simple
810 deny dnslists = spamhaus.example
812 the key is also available in another variable (in this case,
813 $sender_host_address). In more complicated cases, however, this is not
814 true. For example, using a data lookup might generate a dnslists lookup
817 deny dnslists = spamhaus.example/<|192.168.1.2|192.168.6.7|...
819 If this condition succeeds, the value in $dnslist_matched might be
820 192.168.6.7 (for example).
822 3. Authenticators now have a client_condition option. When Exim is running as
823 a client, it skips an authenticator whose client_condition expansion yields
824 "0", "no", or "false". This can be used, for example, to skip plain text
825 authenticators when the connection is not encrypted by a setting such as:
827 client_condition = ${if !eq{$tls_cipher}{}}
829 Note that the 4.67 documentation states that $tls_cipher contains the
830 cipher used for incoming messages. In fact, during SMTP delivery, it
831 contains the cipher used for the delivery. The same is true for
834 4. There is now a -Mvc <message-id> option, which outputs a copy of the
835 message to the standard output, in RFC 2822 format. The option can be used
836 only by an admin user.
838 5. There is now a /noupdate option for the ratelimit ACL condition. It
839 computes the rate and checks the limit as normal, but it does not update
840 the saved data. This means that, in relevant ACLs, it is possible to lookup
841 the existence of a specified (or auto-generated) ratelimit key without
842 incrementing the ratelimit counter for that key.
844 In order for this to be useful, another ACL entry must set the rate
845 for the same key somewhere (otherwise it will always be zero).
850 # Read the rate; if it doesn't exist or is below the maximum
852 deny ratelimit = 100 / 5m / strict / noupdate
853 log_message = RATE: $sender_rate / $sender_rate_period \
854 (max $sender_rate_limit)
856 [... some other logic and tests...]
858 warn ratelimit = 100 / 5m / strict / per_cmd
859 log_message = RATE UPDATE: $sender_rate / $sender_rate_period \
860 (max $sender_rate_limit)
861 condition = ${if le{$sender_rate}{$sender_rate_limit}}
865 6. The variable $max_received_linelength contains the number of bytes in the
866 longest line that was received as part of the message, not counting the
867 line termination character(s).
869 7. Host lists can now include +ignore_defer and +include_defer, analagous to
870 +ignore_unknown and +include_unknown. These options should be used with
871 care, probably only in non-critical host lists such as whitelists.
873 8. There's a new option called queue_only_load_latch, which defaults true.
874 If set false when queue_only_load is greater than zero, Exim re-evaluates
875 the load for each incoming message in an SMTP session. Otherwise, once one
876 message is queued, the remainder are also.
878 9. There is a new ACL, specified by acl_smtp_notquit, which is run in most
879 cases when an SMTP session ends without sending QUIT. However, when Exim
880 itself is is bad trouble, such as being unable to write to its log files,
881 this ACL is not run, because it might try to do things (such as write to
882 log files) that make the situation even worse.
884 Like the QUIT ACL, this new ACL is provided to make it possible to gather
885 statistics. Whatever it returns (accept or deny) is immaterial. The "delay"
886 modifier is forbidden in this ACL.
888 When the NOTQUIT ACL is running, the variable $smtp_notquit_reason is set
889 to a string that indicates the reason for the termination of the SMTP
890 connection. The possible values are:
892 acl-drop Another ACL issued a "drop" command
893 bad-commands Too many unknown or non-mail commands
894 command-timeout Timeout while reading SMTP commands
895 connection-lost The SMTP connection has been lost
896 data-timeout Timeout while reading message data
897 local-scan-error The local_scan() function crashed
898 local-scan-timeout The local_scan() function timed out
899 signal-exit SIGTERM or SIGINT
900 synchronization-error SMTP synchronization error
901 tls-failed TLS failed to start
903 In most cases when an SMTP connection is closed without having received
904 QUIT, Exim sends an SMTP response message before actually closing the
905 connection. With the exception of acl-drop, the default message can be
906 overridden by the "message" modifier in the NOTQUIT ACL. In the case of a
907 "drop" verb in another ACL, it is the message from the other ACL that is
910 10. For MySQL and PostgreSQL lookups, it is now possible to specify a list of
911 servers with individual queries. This is done by starting the query with
912 "servers=x:y:z;", where each item in the list may take one of two forms:
914 (1) If it is just a host name, the appropriate global option (mysql_servers
915 or pgsql_servers) is searched for a host of the same name, and the
916 remaining parameters (database, user, password) are taken from there.
918 (2) If it contains any slashes, it is taken as a complete parameter set.
920 The list of servers is used in exactly the same was as the global list.
921 Once a connection to a server has happened and a query has been
922 successfully executed, processing of the lookup ceases.
924 This feature is intended for use in master/slave situations where updates
925 are occurring, and one wants to update a master rather than a slave. If the
926 masters are in the list for reading, you might have:
928 mysql_servers = slave1/db/name/pw:slave2/db/name/pw:master/db/name/pw
930 In an updating lookup, you could then write
932 ${lookup mysql{servers=master; UPDATE ...}
934 If, on the other hand, the master is not to be used for reading lookups:
936 pgsql_servers = slave1/db/name/pw:slave2/db/name/pw
938 you can still update the master by
940 ${lookup pgsql{servers=master/db/name/pw; UPDATE ...}
942 11. The message_body_newlines option (default FALSE, for backwards
943 compatibility) can be used to control whether newlines are present in
944 $message_body and $message_body_end. If it is FALSE, they are replaced by
951 1. There is a new log selector called smtp_no_mail, which is not included in
952 the default setting. When it is set, a line is written to the main log
953 whenever an accepted SMTP connection terminates without having issued a
956 2. When an item in a dnslists list is followed by = and & and a list of IP
957 addresses, the behaviour was not clear when the lookup returned more than
958 one IP address. This has been solved by the addition of == and =& for "all"
959 rather than the default "any" matching.
961 3. Up till now, the only control over which cipher suites GnuTLS uses has been
962 for the cipher algorithms. New options have been added to allow some of the
963 other parameters to be varied.
965 4. There is a new compile-time option called ENABLE_DISABLE_FSYNC. When it is
966 set, Exim compiles a runtime option called disable_fsync.
968 5. There is a new variable called $smtp_count_at_connection_start.
970 6. There's a new control called no_pipelining.
972 7. There are two new variables called $sending_ip_address and $sending_port.
973 These are set whenever an SMTP connection to another host has been set up.
975 8. The expansion of the helo_data option in the smtp transport now happens
976 after the connection to the server has been made.
978 9. There is a new expansion operator ${rfc2047d: that decodes strings that
979 are encoded as per RFC 2047.
981 10. There is a new log selector called "pid", which causes the current process
982 id to be added to every log line, in square brackets, immediately after the
985 11. Exim has been modified so that it flushes SMTP output before implementing
986 a delay in an ACL. It also flushes the output before performing a callout,
987 as this can take a substantial time. These behaviours can be disabled by
988 obeying control = no_delay_flush or control = no_callout_flush,
989 respectively, at some earlier stage of the connection.
991 12. There are two new expansion conditions that iterate over a list. They are
992 called forany and forall.
994 13. There's a new global option called dsn_from that can be used to vary the
995 contents of From: lines in bounces and other automatically generated
996 messages ("delivery status notifications" - hence the name of the option).
998 14. The smtp transport has a new option called hosts_avoid_pipelining.
1000 15. By default, exigrep does case-insensitive matches. There is now a -I option
1001 that makes it case-sensitive.
1003 16. A number of new features ("addresses", "map", "filter", and "reduce") have
1004 been added to string expansions to make it easier to process lists of
1005 items, typically addresses.
1007 17. There's a new ACL modifier called "continue". It does nothing of itself,
1008 and processing of the ACL always continues with the next condition or
1009 modifier. It is provided so that the side effects of expanding its argument
1012 18. It is now possible to use newline and other control characters (those with
1013 values less than 32, plus DEL) as separators in lists.
1015 19. The exigrep utility now has a -v option, which inverts the matching
1018 20. The host_find_failed option in the manualroute router can now be set to
1025 No new features were added to 4.66.
1031 No new features were added to 4.65.
1037 1. ACL variables can now be given arbitrary names, as long as they start with
1038 "acl_c" or "acl_m" (for connection variables and message variables), are at
1039 least six characters long, with the sixth character being either a digit or
1042 2. There is a new ACL modifier called log_reject_target. It makes it possible
1043 to specify which logs are used for messages about ACL rejections.
1045 3. There is a new authenticator called "dovecot". This is an interface to the
1046 authentication facility of the Dovecot POP/IMAP server, which can support a
1047 number of authentication methods.
1049 4. The variable $message_headers_raw provides a concatenation of all the
1050 messages's headers without any decoding. This is in contrast to
1051 $message_headers, which does RFC2047 decoding on the header contents.
1053 5. In a DNS black list, if two domain names, comma-separated, are given, the
1054 second is used first to do an initial check, making use of any IP value
1055 restrictions that are set. If there is a match, the first domain is used,
1056 without any IP value restrictions, to get the TXT record.
1058 6. All authenticators now have a server_condition option.
1060 7. There is a new command-line option called -Mset. It is useful only in
1061 conjunction with -be (that is, when testing string expansions). It must be
1062 followed by a message id; Exim loads the given message from its spool
1063 before doing the expansions.
1065 8. Another similar new command-line option is called -bem. It operates like
1066 -be except that it must be followed by the name of a file that contains a
1069 9. When an address is delayed because of a 4xx response to a RCPT command, it
1070 is now the combination of sender and recipient that is delayed in
1071 subsequent queue runs until its retry time is reached.
1073 10. Unary negation and the bitwise logical operators and, or, xor, not, and
1074 shift, have been added to the eval: and eval10: expansion items.
1076 11. The variables $interface_address and $interface_port have been renamed
1077 as $received_ip_address and $received_port, to make it clear that they
1078 relate to message reception rather than delivery. (The old names remain
1079 available for compatibility.)
1081 12. The "message" modifier can now be used on "accept" and "discard" acl verbs
1082 to vary the message that is sent when an SMTP command is accepted.
1088 1. There is a new Boolean option called filter_prepend_home for the redirect
1091 2. There is a new acl, set by acl_not_smtp_start, which is run right at the
1092 start of receiving a non-SMTP message, before any of the message has been
1095 3. When an SMTP error message is specified in a "message" modifier in an ACL,
1096 or in a :fail: or :defer: message in a redirect router, Exim now checks the
1097 start of the message for an SMTP error code.
1099 4. There is a new parameter for LDAP lookups called "referrals", which takes
1100 one of the settings "follow" (the default) or "nofollow".
1102 5. Version 20070721.2 of exipick now included, offering these new options:
1104 After all other sorting options have bee processed, reverse order
1105 before displaying messages (-R is synonym).
1107 Randomize order of matching messages before displaying.
1109 Instead of displaying the matching messages, display the sum
1111 --sort <variable>[,<variable>...]
1112 Before displaying matching messages, sort the messages according to
1113 each messages value for each variable.
1115 Negate the value for every test (returns inverse output from the
1116 same criteria without --not).
1122 1. The ${readsocket expansion item now supports Internet domain sockets as well
1123 as Unix domain sockets. If the first argument begins "inet:", it must be of
1124 the form "inet:host:port". The port is mandatory; it may be a number or the
1125 name of a TCP port in /etc/services. The host may be a name, or it may be an
1126 IP address. An ip address may optionally be enclosed in square brackets.
1127 This is best for IPv6 addresses. For example:
1129 ${readsocket{inet:[::1]:1234}{<request data>}...
1131 Only a single host name may be given, but if looking it up yield more than
1132 one IP address, they are each tried in turn until a connection is made. Once
1133 a connection has been made, the behaviour is as for ${readsocket with a Unix
1136 2. If a redirect router sets up file or pipe deliveries for more than one
1137 incoming address, and the relevant transport has batch_max set greater than
1138 one, a batch delivery now occurs.
1140 3. The appendfile transport has a new option called maildirfolder_create_regex.
1141 Its value is a regular expression. For a maildir delivery, this is matched
1142 against the maildir directory; if it matches, Exim ensures that a
1143 maildirfolder file is created alongside the new, cur, and tmp directories.
1149 The documentation is up-to-date for the 4.61 release. Major new features since
1150 the 4.60 release are:
1152 . An option called disable_ipv6, to disable the use of IPv6 completely.
1154 . An increase in the number of ACL variables to 20 of each type.
1156 . A change to use $auth1, $auth2, and $auth3 in authenticators instead of $1,
1157 $2, $3, (though those are still set) because the numeric variables get used
1158 for other things in complicated expansions.
1160 . The default for rfc1413_query_timeout has been changed from 30s to 5s.
1162 . It is possible to use setclassresources() on some BSD OS to control the
1163 resources used in pipe deliveries.
1165 . A new ACL modifier called add_header, which can be used with any verb.
1167 . More errors are detectable in retry rules.
1169 There are a number of other additions too.
1175 The documentation is up-to-date for the 4.60 release. Major new features since
1176 the 4.50 release are:
1178 . Support for SQLite.
1180 . Support for IGNOREQUOTA in LMTP.
1182 . Extensions to the "submission mode" features.
1184 . Support for Client SMTP Authorization (CSA).
1186 . Support for ratelimiting hosts and users.
1188 . New expansion items to help with the BATV "prvs" scheme.
1190 . A "match_ip" condition, that matches an IP address against a list.
1192 There are many more minor changes.
git://git.exim.org / users / jgh / exim.git / blob