1 /* $Cambridge: exim/src/src/dns.c,v 1.14 2006/02/16 10:05:33 ph10 Exp $ */
3 /*************************************************
4 * Exim - an Internet mail transport agent *
5 *************************************************/
7 /* Copyright (c) University of Cambridge 1995 - 2006 */
8 /* See the file NOTICE for conditions of use and distribution. */
10 /* Functions for interfacing with the DNS. */
15 /* Function declaration needed for mutual recursion when A6 records
20 static void dns_complete_a6(dns_address ***, dns_answer *, dns_record *,
26 /*************************************************
28 *************************************************/
30 /* This function is called instead of res_search() when Exim is running in its
31 test harness. It recognizes some special domain names, and uses them to force
32 failure and retry responses (optionally with a delay). Otherwise, it calls an
33 external utility that mocks-up a nameserver, if it can find the utility.
34 If not, it passes its arguments on to res_search(). The fake nameserver may
35 also return a code specifying that the name should be passed on.
37 Background: the original test suite required a real nameserver to carry the
38 test zones, whereas the new test suit has the fake server for portability. This
42 domain the domain name
43 type the DNS record type
44 answerptr where to put the answer
45 size size of the answer area
47 Returns: length of returned data, or -1 on error (h_errno set)
51 fakens_search(uschar *domain, int type, uschar *answerptr, int size)
53 int len = Ustrlen(domain);
54 int asize = size; /* Locally modified */
58 uschar *aptr = answerptr; /* Locally modified */
61 /* Remove terminating dot. */
63 if (domain[len - 1] == '.') len--;
64 Ustrncpy(name, domain, len);
68 /* This code, for forcing TRY_AGAIN and NO_RECOVERY, is here so that it works
69 for the old test suite that uses a real nameserver. When the old test suite is
70 eventually abandoned, this code could be moved into the fakens utility. */
72 if (len >= 14 && Ustrcmp(endname - 14, "test.again.dns") == 0)
74 int delay = Uatoi(name); /* digits at the start of the name */
75 DEBUG(D_dns) debug_printf("Return from DNS lookup of %s (%s) faked for testing\n",
76 name, dns_text_type(type));
79 DEBUG(D_dns) debug_printf("delaying %d seconds\n", delay);
86 if (len >= 13 && Ustrcmp(endname - 13, "test.fail.dns") == 0)
88 DEBUG(D_dns) debug_printf("Return from DNS lookup of %s (%s) faked for testing\n",
89 name, dns_text_type(type));
90 h_errno = NO_RECOVERY;
94 /* Look for the fakens utility, and if it exists, call it. */
96 (void)string_format(utilname, sizeof(utilname), "%s/../bin/fakens",
99 if (stat(CS utilname, &statbuf) >= 0)
105 DEBUG(D_dns) debug_printf("DNS lookup of %s (%s) using fakens\n",
106 name, dns_text_type(type));
109 argv[1] = spool_directory;
111 argv[3] = dns_text_type(type);
114 pid = child_open(argv, NULL, 0000, &infd, &outfd, FALSE);
116 log_write(0, LOG_MAIN|LOG_PANIC_DIE, "failed to run fakens: %s",
121 while (asize > 0 && (rc = read(outfd, aptr, asize)) > 0)
124 aptr += rc; /* Don't modify the actual arguments, because they */
125 asize -= rc; /* may need to be passed on to res_search(). */
129 log_write(0, LOG_MAIN|LOG_PANIC_DIE, "read from fakens failed: %s",
132 switch(child_close(pid, 0))
135 case 1: h_errno = HOST_NOT_FOUND; return -1;
136 case 2: h_errno = TRY_AGAIN; return -1;
138 case 3: h_errno = NO_RECOVERY; return -1;
139 case 4: h_errno = NO_DATA; return -1;
140 case 5: /* Pass on to res_search() */
141 DEBUG(D_dns) debug_printf("fakens returned PASS_ON\n");
145 /* fakens utility not found, or it returned "pass on" */
147 DEBUG(D_dns) debug_printf("passing %s on to res_search()\n", domain);
149 return res_search(CS domain, C_IN, type, answerptr, size);
154 /*************************************************
155 * Initialize and configure resolver *
156 *************************************************/
158 /* Initialize the resolver and the storage for holding DNS answers if this is
159 the first time we have been here, and set the resolver options.
162 qualify_single TRUE to set the RES_DEFNAMES option
163 search_parents TRUE to set the RES_DNSRCH option
169 dns_init(BOOL qualify_single, BOOL search_parents)
171 if ((_res.options & RES_INIT) == 0)
173 DEBUG(D_resolver) _res.options |= RES_DEBUG; /* For Cygwin */
175 DEBUG(D_resolver) _res.options |= RES_DEBUG;
178 _res.options &= ~(RES_DNSRCH | RES_DEFNAMES);
179 _res.options |= (qualify_single? RES_DEFNAMES : 0) |
180 (search_parents? RES_DNSRCH : 0);
181 if (dns_retrans > 0) _res.retrans = dns_retrans;
182 if (dns_retry > 0) _res.retry = dns_retry;
187 /*************************************************
188 * Build key name for PTR records *
189 *************************************************/
191 /* This function inverts an IP address and adds the relevant domain, to produce
192 a name that can be used to look up PTR records.
195 string the IP address as a string
196 buffer a suitable buffer, long enough to hold the result
202 dns_build_reverse(uschar *string, uschar *buffer)
204 uschar *p = string + Ustrlen(string);
207 /* Handle IPv4 address */
210 if (Ustrchr(string, ':') == NULL)
214 for (i = 0; i < 4; i++)
217 while (ppp > string && ppp[-1] != '.') ppp--;
218 Ustrncpy(pp, ppp, p - ppp);
223 Ustrcpy(pp, "in-addr.arpa");
226 /* Handle IPv6 address; convert to binary so as to fill out any
227 abbreviation in the textual form. */
234 (void)host_aton(string, v6);
236 /* The original specification for IPv6 reverse lookup was to invert each
237 nibble, and look in the ip6.int domain. The domain was subsequently
238 changed to ip6.arpa. */
240 for (i = 3; i >= 0; i--)
243 for (j = 0; j < 32; j += 4)
245 sprintf(CS pp, "%x.", (v6[i] >> j) & 15);
249 Ustrcpy(pp, "ip6.arpa.");
251 /* Another way of doing IPv6 reverse lookups was proposed in conjunction
252 with A6 records. However, it fell out of favour when they did. The
253 alternative was to construct a binary key, and look in ip6.arpa. I tried
254 to make this code do that, but I could not make it work on Solaris 8. The
255 resolver seems to lose the initial backslash somehow. However, now that
256 this style of reverse lookup has been dropped, it doesn't matter. These
257 lines are left here purely for historical interest. */
259 /**************************************************
263 for (i = 0; i < 4; i++)
265 sprintf(pp, "%08X", v6[i]);
268 Ustrcpy(pp, "].ip6.arpa.");
269 **************************************************/
278 /*************************************************
279 * Get next DNS record from answer block *
280 *************************************************/
282 /* Call this with reset == RESET_ANSWERS to scan the answer block, reset ==
283 RESET_AUTHORITY to scan the authority records, reset == RESET_ADDITIONAL to
284 scan the additional records, and reset == RESET_NEXT to get the next record.
285 The result is in static storage which must be copied if it is to be preserved.
288 dnsa pointer to dns answer block
289 dnss pointer to dns scan block
290 reset option specifing what portion to scan, as described above
292 Returns: next dns record, or NULL when no more
296 dns_next_rr(dns_answer *dnsa, dns_scan *dnss, int reset)
298 HEADER *h = (HEADER *)dnsa->answer;
301 /* Reset the saved data when requested to, and skip to the first required RR */
303 if (reset != RESET_NEXT)
305 dnss->rrcount = ntohs(h->qdcount);
306 dnss->aptr = dnsa->answer + sizeof(HEADER);
308 /* Skip over questions; failure to expand the name just gives up */
310 while (dnss->rrcount-- > 0)
312 namelen = dn_expand(dnsa->answer, dnsa->answer + dnsa->answerlen,
313 dnss->aptr, (DN_EXPAND_ARG4_TYPE) &(dnss->srr.name), DNS_MAXNAME);
314 if (namelen < 0) { dnss->rrcount = 0; return NULL; }
315 dnss->aptr += namelen + 4; /* skip name & type & class */
318 /* Get the number of answer records. */
320 dnss->rrcount = ntohs(h->ancount);
322 /* Skip over answers if we want to look at the authority section. Also skip
323 the NS records (i.e. authority section) if wanting to look at the additional
326 if (reset == RESET_ADDITIONAL) dnss->rrcount += ntohs(h->nscount);
328 if (reset == RESET_AUTHORITY || reset == RESET_ADDITIONAL)
330 while (dnss->rrcount-- > 0)
332 namelen = dn_expand(dnsa->answer, dnsa->answer + dnsa->answerlen,
333 dnss->aptr, (DN_EXPAND_ARG4_TYPE) &(dnss->srr.name), DNS_MAXNAME);
334 if (namelen < 0) { dnss->rrcount = 0; return NULL; }
335 dnss->aptr += namelen + 8; /* skip name, type, class & TTL */
336 GETSHORT(dnss->srr.size, dnss->aptr); /* size of data portion */
337 dnss->aptr += dnss->srr.size; /* skip over it */
339 dnss->rrcount = (reset == RESET_AUTHORITY)
340 ? ntohs(h->nscount) : ntohs(h->arcount);
344 /* The variable dnss->aptr is now pointing at the next RR, and dnss->rrcount
345 contains the number of RR records left. */
347 if (dnss->rrcount-- <= 0) return NULL;
349 /* If expanding the RR domain name fails, behave as if no more records
352 namelen = dn_expand(dnsa->answer, dnsa->answer + dnsa->answerlen, dnss->aptr,
353 (DN_EXPAND_ARG4_TYPE) &(dnss->srr.name), DNS_MAXNAME);
354 if (namelen < 0) { dnss->rrcount = 0; return NULL; }
356 /* Move the pointer past the name and fill in the rest of the data structure
357 from the following bytes. */
359 dnss->aptr += namelen;
360 GETSHORT(dnss->srr.type, dnss->aptr); /* Record type */
361 dnss->aptr += 6; /* Don't want class or TTL */
362 GETSHORT(dnss->srr.size, dnss->aptr); /* Size of data portion */
363 dnss->srr.data = dnss->aptr; /* The record's data follows */
364 dnss->aptr += dnss->srr.size; /* Advance to next RR */
366 /* Return a pointer to the dns_record structure within the dns_answer. This is
367 for convenience so that the scans can use nice-looking for loops. */
375 /*************************************************
376 * Turn DNS type into text *
377 *************************************************/
379 /* Turn the coded record type into a string for printing. All those that Exim
380 uses should be included here.
382 Argument: record type
383 Returns: pointer to string
391 case T_A: return US"A";
392 case T_MX: return US"MX";
393 case T_AAAA: return US"AAAA";
394 case T_A6: return US"A6";
395 case T_TXT: return US"TXT";
396 case T_PTR: return US"PTR";
397 case T_SOA: return US"SOA";
398 case T_SRV: return US"SRV";
399 case T_NS: return US"NS";
400 case T_CNAME: return US"CNAME";
401 default: return US"?";
407 /*************************************************
408 * Cache a failed DNS lookup result *
409 *************************************************/
411 /* We cache failed lookup results so as not to experience timeouts many
412 times for the same domain. We need to retain the resolver options because they
413 may change. For successful lookups, we rely on resolver and/or name server
421 Returns: the return code
425 dns_return(uschar *name, int type, int rc)
427 tree_node *node = store_get_perm(sizeof(tree_node) + 290);
428 sprintf(CS node->name, "%.255s-%s-%lx", name, dns_text_type(type),
431 (void)tree_insertnode(&tree_dns_fails, node);
437 /*************************************************
438 * Do basic DNS lookup *
439 *************************************************/
441 /* Call the resolver to look up the given domain name, using the given type,
442 and check the result. The error code TRY_AGAIN is documented as meaning "non-
443 Authoritive Host not found, or SERVERFAIL". Sometimes there are badly set
444 up nameservers that produce this error continually, so there is the option of
445 providing a list of domains for which this is treated as a non-existent
449 dnsa pointer to dns_answer structure
451 type type of DNS record required (T_A, T_MX, etc)
453 Returns: DNS_SUCCEED successful lookup
454 DNS_NOMATCH name not found (NXDOMAIN)
455 or name contains illegal characters (if checking)
456 DNS_NODATA domain exists, but no data for this type (NODATA)
457 DNS_AGAIN soft failure, try again later
462 dns_basic_lookup(dns_answer *dnsa, uschar *name, int type)
470 uschar node_name[290];
472 /* DNS lookup failures of any kind are cached in a tree. This is mainly so that
473 a timeout on one domain doesn't happen time and time again for messages that
474 have many addresses in the same domain. We rely on the resolver and name server
475 caching for successful lookups. */
477 sprintf(CS node_name, "%.255s-%s-%lx", name, dns_text_type(type),
479 previous = tree_search(tree_dns_fails, node_name);
480 if (previous != NULL)
482 DEBUG(D_dns) debug_printf("DNS lookup of %.255s-%s: using cached value %s\n",
483 name, dns_text_type(type),
484 (previous->data.val == DNS_NOMATCH)? "DNS_NOMATCH" :
485 (previous->data.val == DNS_NODATA)? "DNS_NODATA" :
486 (previous->data.val == DNS_AGAIN)? "DNS_AGAIN" :
487 (previous->data.val == DNS_FAIL)? "DNS_FAIL" : "??");
488 return previous->data.val;
491 /* If configured, check the hygene of the name passed to lookup. Otherwise,
492 although DNS lookups may give REFUSED at the lower level, some resolvers
493 turn this into TRY_AGAIN, which is silly. Give a NOMATCH return, since such
494 domains cannot be in the DNS. The check is now done by a regular expression;
495 give it space for substring storage to save it having to get its own if the
496 regex has substrings that are used - the default uses a conditional.
498 This test is omitted for PTR records. These occur only in calls from the dnsdb
499 lookup, which constructs the names itself, so they should be OK. Besides,
500 bitstring labels don't conform to normal name syntax. (But the aren't used any
503 For SRV records, we omit the initial _smtp._tcp. components at the start. */
505 #ifndef STAND_ALONE /* Omit this for stand-alone tests */
507 if (check_dns_names_pattern[0] != 0 && type != T_PTR)
509 uschar *checkname = name;
510 int ovector[3*(EXPAND_MAXN+1)];
512 if (regex_check_dns_names == NULL)
513 regex_check_dns_names =
514 regex_must_compile(check_dns_names_pattern, FALSE, TRUE);
516 /* For an SRV lookup, skip over the first two components (the service and
517 protocol names, which both start with an underscore). */
521 while (*checkname++ != '.');
522 while (*checkname++ != '.');
525 if (pcre_exec(regex_check_dns_names, NULL, CS checkname, Ustrlen(checkname),
526 0, PCRE_EOPT, ovector, sizeof(ovector)/sizeof(int)) < 0)
529 debug_printf("DNS name syntax check failed: %s (%s)\n", name,
530 dns_text_type(type));
531 host_find_failed_syntax = TRUE;
536 #endif /* STAND_ALONE */
538 /* Call the resolver; for an overlong response, res_search() will return the
539 number of bytes the message would need, so we need to check for this case. The
540 effect is to truncate overlong data.
542 If we are running in the test harness, instead of calling the normal resolver
543 (res_search), we call fakens_search(), which recognizes certain special
544 domains, and interfaces to a fake nameserver for certain special zones. */
546 if (running_in_test_harness)
547 dnsa->answerlen = fakens_search(name, type, dnsa->answer, MAXPACKET);
549 dnsa->answerlen = res_search(CS name, C_IN, type, dnsa->answer, MAXPACKET);
551 if (dnsa->answerlen > MAXPACKET) dnsa->answerlen = MAXPACKET;
553 if (dnsa->answerlen < 0) switch (h_errno)
556 DEBUG(D_dns) debug_printf("DNS lookup of %s (%s) gave HOST_NOT_FOUND\n"
557 "returning DNS_NOMATCH\n", name, dns_text_type(type));
558 return dns_return(name, type, DNS_NOMATCH);
561 DEBUG(D_dns) debug_printf("DNS lookup of %s (%s) gave TRY_AGAIN\n",
562 name, dns_text_type(type));
564 /* Cut this out for various test programs */
566 save = deliver_domain;
567 deliver_domain = name; /* set $domain */
568 rc = match_isinlist(name, &dns_again_means_nonexist, 0, NULL, NULL,
569 MCL_DOMAIN, TRUE, NULL);
570 deliver_domain = save;
573 DEBUG(D_dns) debug_printf("returning DNS_AGAIN\n");
574 return dns_return(name, type, DNS_AGAIN);
576 DEBUG(D_dns) debug_printf("%s is in dns_again_means_nonexist: returning "
577 "DNS_NOMATCH\n", name);
578 return dns_return(name, type, DNS_NOMATCH);
580 #else /* For stand-alone tests */
581 return dns_return(name, type, DNS_AGAIN);
585 DEBUG(D_dns) debug_printf("DNS lookup of %s (%s) gave NO_RECOVERY\n"
586 "returning DNS_FAIL\n", name, dns_text_type(type));
587 return dns_return(name, type, DNS_FAIL);
590 DEBUG(D_dns) debug_printf("DNS lookup of %s (%s) gave NO_DATA\n"
591 "returning DNS_NODATA\n", name, dns_text_type(type));
592 return dns_return(name, type, DNS_NODATA);
595 DEBUG(D_dns) debug_printf("DNS lookup of %s (%s) gave unknown DNS error %d\n"
596 "returning DNS_FAIL\n", name, dns_text_type(type), h_errno);
597 return dns_return(name, type, DNS_FAIL);
600 DEBUG(D_dns) debug_printf("DNS lookup of %s (%s) succeeded\n",
601 name, dns_text_type(type));
609 /************************************************
610 * Do a DNS lookup and handle CNAMES *
611 ************************************************/
613 /* Look up the given domain name, using the given type. Follow CNAMEs if
614 necessary, but only so many times. There aren't supposed to be CNAME chains in
615 the DNS, but you are supposed to cope with them if you find them.
617 The assumption is made that if the resolver gives back records of the
618 requested type *and* a CNAME, we don't need to make another call to look up
619 the CNAME. I can't see how it could return only some of the right records. If
620 it's done a CNAME lookup in the past, it will have all of them; if not, it
623 If fully_qualified_name is not NULL, set it to point to the full name
624 returned by the resolver, if this is different to what it is given, unless
625 the returned name starts with "*" as some nameservers seem to be returning
626 wildcards in this form.
629 dnsa pointer to dns_answer structure
630 name domain name to look up
631 type DNS record type (T_A, T_MX, etc)
632 fully_qualified_name if not NULL, return the returned name here if its
633 contents are different (i.e. it must be preset)
635 Returns: DNS_SUCCEED successful lookup
636 DNS_NOMATCH name not found
637 DNS_NODATA no data found
638 DNS_AGAIN soft failure, try again later
643 dns_lookup(dns_answer *dnsa, uschar *name, int type, uschar **fully_qualified_name)
646 uschar *orig_name = name;
648 /* Loop to follow CNAME chains so far, but no further... */
650 for (i = 0; i < 10; i++)
653 dns_record *rr, cname_rr, type_rr;
657 /* DNS lookup failures get passed straight back. */
659 if ((rc = dns_basic_lookup(dnsa, name, type)) != DNS_SUCCEED) return rc;
661 /* We should have either records of the required type, or a CNAME record,
662 or both. We need to know whether both exist for getting the fully qualified
663 name, but avoid scanning more than necessary. Note that we must copy the
664 contents of any rr blocks returned by dns_next_rr() as they use the same
665 area in the dnsa block. */
667 cname_rr.data = type_rr.data = NULL;
668 for (rr = dns_next_rr(dnsa, &dnss, RESET_ANSWERS);
670 rr = dns_next_rr(dnsa, &dnss, RESET_NEXT))
672 if (rr->type == type)
674 if (type_rr.data == NULL) type_rr = *rr;
675 if (cname_rr.data != NULL) break;
677 else if (rr->type == T_CNAME) cname_rr = *rr;
680 /* If a CNAME was found, take the fully qualified name from it; otherwise
681 from the first data record, if present. For testing, there is a magic name
682 that gets its casing adjusted, because my resolver doesn't seem to pass back
683 upper case letters in domain names. */
685 if (fully_qualified_name != NULL)
687 if (cname_rr.data != NULL)
689 if (Ustrcmp(cname_rr.name, *fully_qualified_name) != 0 &&
690 cname_rr.name[0] != '*')
691 *fully_qualified_name = string_copy_dnsdomain(cname_rr.name);
693 else if (type_rr.data != NULL)
695 if (Ustrcmp(type_rr.name, *fully_qualified_name) != 0 &&
696 type_rr.name[0] != '*')
697 *fully_qualified_name = string_copy_dnsdomain(type_rr.name);
701 /* If any data records of the correct type were found, we are done. */
703 if (type_rr.data != NULL) return DNS_SUCCEED;
705 /* If there are no data records, we need to re-scan the DNS using the
706 domain given in the CNAME record, which should exist (otherwise we should
707 have had a failure from dns_lookup). However code against the possibility of
710 if (cname_rr.data == NULL) return DNS_FAIL;
711 datalen = dn_expand(dnsa->answer, dnsa->answer + dnsa->answerlen,
712 cname_rr.data, (DN_EXPAND_ARG4_TYPE)data, 256);
713 if (datalen < 0) return DNS_FAIL;
715 } /* Loop back to do another lookup */
717 /*Control reaches here after 10 times round the CNAME loop. Something isn't
720 log_write(0, LOG_MAIN, "CNAME loop for %s encountered", orig_name);
729 /************************************************
730 * Do a DNS lookup and handle virtual types *
731 ************************************************/
733 /* This function handles some invented "lookup types" that synthesize feature
734 not available in the basic types. The special types all have negative values.
735 Positive type values are passed straight on to dns_lookup().
738 dnsa pointer to dns_answer structure
739 name domain name to look up
740 type DNS record type (T_A, T_MX, etc or a "special")
741 fully_qualified_name if not NULL, return the returned name here if its
742 contents are different (i.e. it must be preset)
744 Returns: DNS_SUCCEED successful lookup
745 DNS_NOMATCH name not found
746 DNS_NODATA no data found
747 DNS_AGAIN soft failure, try again later
752 dns_special_lookup(dns_answer *dnsa, uschar *name, int type,
753 uschar **fully_qualified_name)
755 if (type >= 0) return dns_lookup(dnsa, name, type, fully_qualified_name);
757 /* The "mx hosts only" type doesn't require any special action here */
759 if (type == T_MXH) return dns_lookup(dnsa, name, T_MX, fully_qualified_name);
761 /* Find nameservers for the domain or the nearest enclosing zone, excluding the
769 int rc = dns_lookup(dnsa, d, T_NS, fully_qualified_name);
770 if (rc != DNS_NOMATCH && rc != DNS_NODATA) return rc;
771 while (*d != 0 && *d != '.') d++;
772 if (*d++ == 0) break;
777 /* Try to look up the Client SMTP Authorization SRV record for the name. If
778 there isn't one, search from the top downwards for a CSA record in a parent
779 domain, which might be making assertions about subdomains. If we find a record
780 we set fully_qualified_name to whichever lookup succeeded, so that the caller
781 can tell whether to look at the explicit authorization field or the subdomain
786 uschar *srvname, *namesuff, *tld, *p;
787 int priority, weight, port;
793 DEBUG(D_dns) debug_printf("CSA lookup of %s\n", name);
795 srvname = string_sprintf("_client._smtp.%s", name);
796 rc = dns_lookup(dnsa, srvname, T_SRV, NULL);
797 if (rc == DNS_SUCCEED || rc == DNS_AGAIN)
799 if (rc == DNS_SUCCEED) *fully_qualified_name = name;
803 /* Search for CSA subdomain assertion SRV records from the top downwards,
804 starting with the 2nd level domain. This order maximizes cache-friendliness.
805 We skip the top level domains to avoid loading their nameservers and because
806 we know they'll never have CSA SRV records. */
808 namesuff = Ustrrchr(name, '.');
809 if (namesuff == NULL) return DNS_NOMATCH;
812 limit = dns_csa_search_limit;
814 /* Use more appropriate search parameters if we are in the reverse DNS. */
816 if (strcmpic(namesuff, US".arpa") == 0)
818 if (namesuff - 8 > name && strcmpic(namesuff - 8, US".in-addr.arpa") == 0)
824 else if (namesuff - 4 > name && strcmpic(namesuff - 4, US".ip6.arpa") == 0)
833 DEBUG(D_dns) debug_printf("CSA TLD %s\n", tld);
835 /* Do not perform the search if the top level or 2nd level domains do not
836 exist. This is quite common, and when it occurs all the search queries would
837 go to the root or TLD name servers, which is not friendly. So we check the
838 AUTHORITY section; if it contains the root's SOA record or the TLD's SOA then
839 the TLD or the 2LD (respectively) doesn't exist and we can skip the search.
840 If the TLD and the 2LD exist but the explicit CSA record lookup failed, then
841 the AUTHORITY SOA will be the 2LD's or a subdomain thereof. */
843 if (rc == DNS_NOMATCH)
845 /* This is really gross. The successful return value from res_search() is
846 the packet length, which is stored in dnsa->answerlen. If we get a
847 negative DNS reply then res_search() returns -1, which causes the bounds
848 checks for name decompression to fail when it is treated as a packet
849 length, which in turn causes the authority search to fail. The correct
850 packet length has been lost inside libresolv, so we have to guess a
851 replacement value. (The only way to fix this properly would be to
852 re-implement res_search() and res_query() so that they don't muddle their
853 success and packet length return values.) For added safety we only reset
854 the packet length if the packet header looks plausible. */
856 HEADER *h = (HEADER *)dnsa->answer;
857 if (h->qr == 1 && h->opcode == QUERY && h->tc == 0
858 && (h->rcode == NOERROR || h->rcode == NXDOMAIN)
859 && ntohs(h->qdcount) == 1 && ntohs(h->ancount) == 0
860 && ntohs(h->nscount) >= 1)
861 dnsa->answerlen = MAXPACKET;
863 for (rr = dns_next_rr(dnsa, &dnss, RESET_AUTHORITY);
865 rr = dns_next_rr(dnsa, &dnss, RESET_NEXT))
866 if (rr->type != T_SOA) continue;
867 else if (strcmpic(rr->name, US"") == 0 ||
868 strcmpic(rr->name, tld) == 0) return DNS_NOMATCH;
872 for (i = 0; i < limit; i++)
876 /* Scan through the IPv6 reverse DNS in chunks of 16 bits worth of IP
877 address, i.e. 4 hex chars and 4 dots, i.e. 8 chars. */
879 if (namesuff <= name) return DNS_NOMATCH;
882 /* Find the start of the preceding domain name label. */
884 if (--namesuff <= name) return DNS_NOMATCH;
885 while (*namesuff != '.');
887 DEBUG(D_dns) debug_printf("CSA parent search at %s\n", namesuff + 1);
889 srvname = string_sprintf("_client._smtp.%s", namesuff + 1);
890 rc = dns_lookup(dnsa, srvname, T_SRV, NULL);
891 if (rc == DNS_AGAIN) return rc;
892 if (rc != DNS_SUCCEED) continue;
894 /* Check that the SRV record we have found is worth returning. We don't
895 just return the first one we find, because some lower level SRV record
896 might make stricter assertions than its parent domain. */
898 for (rr = dns_next_rr(dnsa, &dnss, RESET_ANSWERS);
900 rr = dns_next_rr(dnsa, &dnss, RESET_NEXT))
902 if (rr->type != T_SRV) continue;
904 /* Extract the numerical SRV fields (p is incremented) */
906 GETSHORT(priority, p);
910 /* Check the CSA version number */
911 if (priority != 1) continue;
913 /* If it's making an interesting assertion, return this response. */
916 *fully_qualified_name = namesuff + 1;
924 /* Control should never reach here */
931 /* Support for A6 records has been commented out since they were demoted to
932 experimental status at IETF 51. */
934 #if HAVE_IPV6 && defined(SUPPORT_A6)
936 /*************************************************
937 * Search DNS block for prefix RRs *
938 *************************************************/
940 /* Called from dns_complete_a6() to search an additional section or a main
941 answer section for required prefix records to complete an IPv6 address obtained
942 from an A6 record. For each prefix record, a recursive call to dns_complete_a6
943 is made, with a new copy of the address so far.
946 dnsa the DNS answer block
947 which RESET_ADDITIONAL or RESET_ANSWERS
948 name name of prefix record
949 yptrptr pointer to the pointer that points to where to hang the next
950 dns_address structure
951 bits number of bits we have already got
952 bitvec the bits we have already got
954 Returns: TRUE if any records were found
958 dns_find_prefix(dns_answer *dnsa, int which, uschar *name, dns_address
959 ***yptrptr, int bits, uschar *bitvec)
965 for (rr = dns_next_rr(dnsa, &dnss, which);
967 rr = dns_next_rr(dnsa, &dnss, RESET_NEXT))
970 if (rr->type != T_A6 || strcmpic(rr->name, name) != 0) continue;
972 memcpy(cbitvec, bitvec, sizeof(cbitvec));
973 dns_complete_a6(yptrptr, dnsa, rr, bits, cbitvec);
981 /*************************************************
982 * Follow chains of A6 records *
983 *************************************************/
985 /* A6 records may be incomplete, with pointers to other records containing more
986 bits of the address. There can be a tree structure, leading to a number of
987 addresses originating from a single initial A6 record.
990 yptrptr pointer to the pointer that points to where to hang the next
991 dns_address structure
992 dnsa the current DNS answer block
993 rr the RR we have at present
994 bits number of bits we have already got
995 bitvec the bits we have already got
1001 dns_complete_a6(dns_address ***yptrptr, dns_answer *dnsa, dns_record *rr,
1002 int bits, uschar *bitvec)
1004 static uschar bitmask[] = { 0xff, 0xfe, 0xfc, 0xf8, 0xf0, 0xe0, 0xc0, 0x80 };
1005 uschar *p = (uschar *)(rr->data);
1006 int prefix_len, suffix_len;
1012 /* The prefix length is the first byte. It defines the prefix which is missing
1013 from the data in this record as a number of bits. Zero means this is the end of
1014 a chain. The suffix is the data in this record; only sufficient bytes to hold
1015 it are supplied. There may be zero bytes. We have to ignore trailing bits that
1016 we have already obtained from earlier RRs in the chain. */
1018 prefix_len = *p++; /* bits */
1019 suffix_len = (128 - prefix_len + 7)/8; /* bytes */
1021 /* If the prefix in this record is greater than the prefix in the previous
1022 record in the chain, we have to ignore the record (RFC 2874). */
1024 if (prefix_len > 128 - bits) return;
1026 /* In this little loop, the number of bits up to and including the current byte
1027 is held in k. If we have none of the bits in this byte, we can just or it into
1028 the current data. If we have all of the bits in this byte, we skip it.
1029 Otherwise, some masking has to be done. */
1031 for (i = suffix_len - 1, j = 15, k = 8; i >= 0; i--)
1033 int required = k - bits;
1034 if (required >= 8) bitvec[j] |= p[i];
1035 else if (required > 0) bitvec[j] |= p[i] & bitmask[required];
1036 j--; /* I tried putting these in the "for" statement, but gcc muttered */
1037 k += 8; /* about computed values not being used. */
1040 /* If the prefix_length is zero, we are at the end of a chain. Build a
1041 dns_address item with the current data, hang it onto the end of the chain,
1042 adjust the hanging pointer, and we are done. */
1044 if (prefix_len == 0)
1046 dns_address *new = store_get(sizeof(dns_address) + 50);
1047 inet_ntop(AF_INET6, bitvec, CS new->address, 50);
1050 *yptrptr = &(new->next);
1054 /* Prefix length is not zero. Reset the number of bits that we have collected
1055 so far, and extract the chain name. */
1057 bits = 128 - prefix_len;
1061 while ((i = *p++) != 0)
1063 if (chainptr != chain) *chainptr++ = '.';
1064 memcpy(chainptr, p, i);
1071 /* Now scan the current DNS response record to see if the additional section
1072 contains the records we want. This processing can be cut out for testing
1075 if (dns_find_prefix(dnsa, RESET_ADDITIONAL, chainptr, yptrptr, bits, bitvec))
1078 /* No chain records were found in the current DNS response block. Do a new DNS
1079 lookup to try to find these records. This opens up the possibility of DNS
1080 failures. We ignore them at this point; if all branches of the tree fail, there
1081 will be no addresses at the end. */
1083 if (dns_lookup(&cdnsa, chainptr, T_A6, NULL) == DNS_SUCCEED)
1084 (void)dns_find_prefix(&cdnsa, RESET_ANSWERS, chainptr, yptrptr, bits, bitvec);
1086 #endif /* HAVE_IPV6 && defined(SUPPORT_A6) */
1091 /*************************************************
1092 * Get address(es) from DNS record *
1093 *************************************************/
1095 /* The record type is either T_A for an IPv4 address or T_AAAA (or T_A6 when
1096 supported) for an IPv6 address. In the A6 case, there may be several addresses,
1097 generated by following chains. A recursive function does all the hard work. A6
1098 records now look like passing into history, so the code is only included when
1099 explicitly asked for.
1102 dnsa the DNS answer block
1105 Returns: pointer a chain of dns_address items
1109 dns_address_from_rr(dns_answer *dnsa, dns_record *rr)
1111 dns_address *yield = NULL;
1113 #if HAVE_IPV6 && defined(SUPPORT_A6)
1114 dns_address **yieldptr = &yield;
1117 dnsa = dnsa; /* Stop picky compilers warning */
1120 if (rr->type == T_A)
1122 uschar *p = (uschar *)(rr->data);
1123 yield = store_get(sizeof(dns_address) + 20);
1124 (void)sprintf(CS yield->address, "%d.%d.%d.%d", p[0], p[1], p[2], p[3]);
1131 else if (rr->type == T_A6)
1133 memset(bitvec, 0, sizeof(bitvec));
1134 dns_complete_a6(&yieldptr, dnsa, rr, 0, bitvec);
1136 #endif /* SUPPORT_A6 */
1140 yield = store_get(sizeof(dns_address) + 50);
1141 inet_ntop(AF_INET6, (uschar *)(rr->data), CS yield->address, 50);
1144 #endif /* HAVE_IPV6 */