1 /*************************************************
2 * Exim - an Internet mail transport agent *
3 *************************************************/
5 /* Copyright (c) University of Cambridge 1995 - 2018 */
6 /* See the file NOTICE for conditions of use and distribution. */
8 /* A number of functions for driving outgoing SMTP calls. */
12 #include "transports/smtp.h"
16 /*************************************************
17 * Find an outgoing interface *
18 *************************************************/
20 /* This function is called from the smtp transport and also from the callout
21 code in verify.c. Its job is to expand a string to get a list of interfaces,
22 and choose a suitable one (IPv4 or IPv6) for the outgoing address.
25 istring string interface setting, may be NULL, meaning "any", in
26 which case the function does nothing
27 host_af AF_INET or AF_INET6 for the outgoing IP address
28 addr the mail address being handled (for setting errors)
29 interface point this to the interface
30 msg to add to any error message
32 Returns: TRUE on success, FALSE on failure, with error message
33 set in addr and transport_return set to PANIC
37 smtp_get_interface(uschar *istring, int host_af, address_item *addr,
38 uschar **interface, uschar *msg)
40 const uschar * expint;
44 if (!istring) return TRUE;
46 if (!(expint = expand_string(istring)))
48 if (f.expand_string_forcedfail) return TRUE;
49 addr->transport_return = PANIC;
50 addr->message = string_sprintf("failed to expand \"interface\" "
51 "option for %s: %s", msg, expand_string_message);
55 while (isspace(*expint)) expint++;
56 if (*expint == 0) return TRUE;
58 while ((iface = string_nextinlist(&expint, &sep, big_buffer,
61 if (string_is_ip_address(iface, NULL) == 0)
63 addr->transport_return = PANIC;
64 addr->message = string_sprintf("\"%s\" is not a valid IP "
65 "address for the \"interface\" option for %s",
70 if (((Ustrchr(iface, ':') == NULL)? AF_INET:AF_INET6) == host_af)
74 if (iface) *interface = string_copy(iface);
80 /*************************************************
81 * Find an outgoing port *
82 *************************************************/
84 /* This function is called from the smtp transport and also from the callout
85 code in verify.c. Its job is to find a port number. Note that getservbyname()
86 produces the number in network byte order.
89 rstring raw (unexpanded) string representation of the port
90 addr the mail address being handled (for setting errors)
91 port stick the port in here
92 msg for adding to error message
94 Returns: TRUE on success, FALSE on failure, with error message set
95 in addr, and transport_return set to PANIC
99 smtp_get_port(uschar *rstring, address_item *addr, int *port, uschar *msg)
101 uschar *pstring = expand_string(rstring);
105 addr->transport_return = PANIC;
106 addr->message = string_sprintf("failed to expand \"%s\" (\"port\" option) "
107 "for %s: %s", rstring, msg, expand_string_message);
111 if (isdigit(*pstring))
114 *port = Ustrtol(pstring, &end, 0);
115 if (end != pstring + Ustrlen(pstring))
117 addr->transport_return = PANIC;
118 addr->message = string_sprintf("invalid port number for %s: %s", msg,
126 struct servent *smtp_service = getservbyname(CS pstring, "tcp");
129 addr->transport_return = PANIC;
130 addr->message = string_sprintf("TCP port \"%s\" is not defined for %s",
134 *port = ntohs(smtp_service->s_port);
145 tfo_out_check(int sock)
147 # if defined(TCP_INFO) && defined(EXIM_HAVE_TCPI_UNACKED)
148 struct tcp_info tinfo;
149 socklen_t len = sizeof(tinfo);
151 switch (tcp_out_fastopen)
153 /* This is a somewhat dubious detection method; totally undocumented so likely
154 to fail in future kernels. There seems to be no documented way. What we really
155 want to know is if the server sent smtp-banner data before our ACK of his SYN,ACK
156 hit him. What this (possibly?) detects is whether we sent a TFO cookie with our
157 SYN, as distinct from a TFO request. This gets a false-positive when the server
158 key is rotated; we send the old one (which this test sees) but the server returns
159 the new one and does not send its SMTP banner before we ACK his SYN,ACK.
160 To force that rotation case:
161 '# echo -n "00000000-00000000-00000000-0000000" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/tcp_fastopen_key'
162 The kernel seems to be counting unack'd packets. */
164 case TFO_ATTEMPTED_NODATA:
165 if ( getsockopt(sock, IPPROTO_TCP, TCP_INFO, &tinfo, &len) == 0
166 && tinfo.tcpi_state == TCP_SYN_SENT
167 && tinfo.tcpi_unacked > 1
170 DEBUG(D_transport|D_v)
171 debug_printf("TCP_FASTOPEN tcpi_unacked %d\n", tinfo.tcpi_unacked);
172 tcp_out_fastopen = TFO_USED_NODATA;
176 /* When called after waiting for received data we should be able
177 to tell if data we sent was accepted. */
179 case TFO_ATTEMPTED_DATA:
180 if ( getsockopt(sock, IPPROTO_TCP, TCP_INFO, &tinfo, &len) == 0
181 && tinfo.tcpi_state == TCP_ESTABLISHED
183 if (tinfo.tcpi_options & TCPI_OPT_SYN_DATA)
185 DEBUG(D_transport|D_v) debug_printf("TFO: data was acked\n");
186 tcp_out_fastopen = TFO_USED_DATA;
190 DEBUG(D_transport|D_v) debug_printf("TFO: had to retransmit\n");
191 tcp_out_fastopen = TFO_NOT_USED;
200 /* Arguments as for smtp_connect(), plus
201 early_data if non-NULL, idenmpotent data to be sent -
202 preferably in the TCP SYN segment
204 Returns: connected socket number, or -1 with errno set
208 smtp_sock_connect(host_item * host, int host_af, int port, uschar * interface,
209 transport_instance * tb, int timeout, const blob * early_data)
211 smtp_transport_options_block * ob =
212 (smtp_transport_options_block *)tb->options_block;
213 const uschar * dscp = ob->dscp;
219 const blob * fastopen_blob = NULL;
222 #ifndef DISABLE_EVENT
223 deliver_host_address = host->address;
224 deliver_host_port = port;
225 if (event_raise(tb->event_action, US"tcp:connect", NULL)) return -1;
228 if ((sock = ip_socket(SOCK_STREAM, host_af)) < 0) return -1;
230 /* Set TCP_NODELAY; Exim does its own buffering. */
232 if (setsockopt(sock, IPPROTO_TCP, TCP_NODELAY, US &on, sizeof(on)))
233 HDEBUG(D_transport|D_acl|D_v)
234 debug_printf_indent("failed to set NODELAY: %s ", strerror(errno));
236 /* Set DSCP value, if we can. For now, if we fail to set the value, we don't
237 bomb out, just log it and continue in default traffic class. */
239 if (dscp && dscp_lookup(dscp, host_af, &dscp_level, &dscp_option, &dscp_value))
241 HDEBUG(D_transport|D_acl|D_v)
242 debug_printf_indent("DSCP \"%s\"=%x ", dscp, dscp_value);
243 if (setsockopt(sock, dscp_level, dscp_option, &dscp_value, sizeof(dscp_value)) < 0)
244 HDEBUG(D_transport|D_acl|D_v)
245 debug_printf_indent("failed to set DSCP: %s ", strerror(errno));
246 /* If the kernel supports IPv4 and IPv6 on an IPv6 socket, we need to set the
247 option for both; ignore failures here */
248 if (host_af == AF_INET6 &&
249 dscp_lookup(dscp, AF_INET, &dscp_level, &dscp_option, &dscp_value))
250 (void) setsockopt(sock, dscp_level, dscp_option, &dscp_value, sizeof(dscp_value));
253 /* Bind to a specific interface if requested. Caller must ensure the interface
254 is the same type (IPv4 or IPv6) as the outgoing address. */
256 if (interface && ip_bind(sock, host_af, interface, 0) < 0)
259 HDEBUG(D_transport|D_acl|D_v)
260 debug_printf_indent("unable to bind outgoing SMTP call to %s: %s", interface,
264 /* Connect to the remote host, and add keepalive to the socket before returning
265 it, if requested. If the build supports TFO, request it - and if the caller
266 requested some early-data then include that in the TFO request. If there is
267 early-data but no TFO support, send it after connecting. */
272 if (verify_check_given_host(CUSS &ob->hosts_try_fastopen, host) == OK)
273 fastopen_blob = early_data ? early_data : &tcp_fastopen_nodata;
276 if (ip_connect(sock, host_af, host->address, port, timeout, fastopen_blob) < 0)
278 else if (early_data && !fastopen_blob && early_data->data && early_data->len)
280 HDEBUG(D_transport|D_acl|D_v)
281 debug_printf("sending %ld nonTFO early-data\n", (long)early_data->len);
284 (void) setsockopt(sock, IPPROTO_TCP, TCP_QUICKACK, US &off, sizeof(off));
286 if (send(sock, early_data->data, early_data->len, 0) < 0)
291 /* Either bind() or connect() failed */
295 HDEBUG(D_transport|D_acl|D_v)
297 debug_printf_indent("failed: %s", CUstrerror(save_errno));
298 if (save_errno == ETIMEDOUT)
299 debug_printf(" (timeout=%s)", readconf_printtime(timeout));
307 /* Both bind() and connect() succeeded, and any early-data */
311 union sockaddr_46 interface_sock;
312 EXIM_SOCKLEN_T size = sizeof(interface_sock);
314 HDEBUG(D_transport|D_acl|D_v) debug_printf_indent("connected\n");
315 if (getsockname(sock, (struct sockaddr *)(&interface_sock), &size) == 0)
316 sending_ip_address = host_ntoa(-1, &interface_sock, NULL, &sending_port);
319 log_write(0, LOG_MAIN | ((errno == ECONNRESET)? 0 : LOG_PANIC),
320 "getsockname() failed: %s", strerror(errno));
325 if (ob->keepalive) ip_keepalive(sock, host->address, TRUE);
338 smtp_port_for_connect(host_item * host, int port)
340 if (host->port != PORT_NONE)
342 HDEBUG(D_transport|D_acl|D_v)
343 debug_printf_indent("Transport port=%d replaced by host-specific port=%d\n", port,
347 else host->port = port; /* Set the port actually used */
351 /*************************************************
352 * Connect to remote host *
353 *************************************************/
355 /* Create a socket, and connect it to a remote host. IPv6 addresses are
356 detected by checking for a colon in the address. AF_INET6 is defined even on
357 non-IPv6 systems, to enable the code to be less messy. However, on such systems
358 host->address will always be an IPv4 address.
361 sc details for making connection: host, af, interface, transport
362 early_data if non-NULL, data to be sent - preferably in the TCP SYN segment
364 Returns: connected socket number, or -1 with errno set
368 smtp_connect(smtp_connect_args * sc, const blob * early_data)
370 int port = sc->host->port;
371 smtp_transport_options_block * ob = sc->ob;
373 callout_address = string_sprintf("[%s]:%d", sc->host->address, port);
375 HDEBUG(D_transport|D_acl|D_v)
378 if (sc->interface) s = string_sprintf(" from %s ", sc->interface);
380 if (ob->socks_proxy) s = string_sprintf("%svia proxy ", s);
382 debug_printf_indent("Connecting to %s %s%s... ", sc->host->name, callout_address, s);
385 /* Create and connect the socket */
390 int sock = socks_sock_connect(sc->host, sc->host_af, port, sc->interface,
391 sc->tblock, ob->connect_timeout);
395 if (early_data && early_data->data && early_data->len)
396 if (send(sock, early_data->data, early_data->len, 0) < 0)
398 int save_errno = errno;
399 HDEBUG(D_transport|D_acl|D_v)
401 debug_printf_indent("failed: %s", CUstrerror(save_errno));
402 if (save_errno == ETIMEDOUT)
403 debug_printf(" (timeout=%s)", readconf_printtime(ob->connect_timeout));
415 return smtp_sock_connect(sc->host, sc->host_af, port, sc->interface,
416 sc->tblock, ob->connect_timeout, early_data);
420 /*************************************************
421 * Flush outgoing command buffer *
422 *************************************************/
424 /* This function is called only from smtp_write_command() below. It flushes
425 the buffer of outgoing commands. There is more than one in the buffer only when
429 outblock the SMTP output block
430 mode further data expected, or plain
432 Returns: TRUE if OK, FALSE on error, with errno set
436 flush_buffer(smtp_outblock * outblock, int mode)
439 int n = outblock->ptr - outblock->buffer;
440 BOOL more = mode == SCMD_MORE;
442 HDEBUG(D_transport|D_acl) debug_printf_indent("cmd buf flush %d bytes%s\n", n,
443 more ? " (more expected)" : "");
446 if (outblock->cctx->tls_ctx)
447 rc = tls_write(outblock->cctx->tls_ctx, outblock->buffer, n, more);
452 if (outblock->conn_args)
454 blob early_data = { .data = outblock->buffer, .len = n };
456 /* We ignore the more-flag if we're doing a connect with early-data, which
457 means we won't get BDAT+data. A pity, but wise due to the idempotency
458 requirement: TFO with data can, in rare cases, replay the data to the
461 if ( (outblock->cctx->sock = smtp_connect(outblock->conn_args, &early_data))
464 outblock->conn_args = NULL;
469 rc = send(outblock->cctx->sock, outblock->buffer, n,
480 HDEBUG(D_transport|D_acl) debug_printf_indent("send failed: %s\n", strerror(errno));
484 outblock->ptr = outblock->buffer;
485 outblock->cmd_count = 0;
491 /*************************************************
492 * Write SMTP command *
493 *************************************************/
495 /* The formatted command is left in big_buffer so that it can be reflected in
499 sx SMTP connection, contains buffer for pipelining, and socket
500 mode buffer, write-with-more-likely, write
501 format a format, starting with one of
502 of HELO, MAIL FROM, RCPT TO, DATA, ".", or QUIT.
503 If NULL, flush pipeline buffer only.
504 ... data for the format
506 Returns: 0 if command added to pipelining buffer, with nothing transmitted
507 +n if n commands transmitted (may still have buffered the new one)
508 -1 on error, with errno set
512 smtp_write_command(void * sx, int mode, const char *format, ...)
514 smtp_outblock * outblock = &((smtp_context *)sx)->outblock;
519 gstring gs = { .size = big_buffer_size, .ptr = 0, .s = big_buffer };
522 va_start(ap, format);
523 if (!string_vformat(&gs, FALSE, CS format, ap))
524 log_write(0, LOG_MAIN|LOG_PANIC_DIE, "overlong write_command in outgoing "
527 string_from_gstring(&gs);
529 if (gs.ptr > outblock->buffersize)
530 log_write(0, LOG_MAIN|LOG_PANIC_DIE, "overlong write_command in outgoing "
533 if (gs.ptr > outblock->buffersize - (outblock->ptr - outblock->buffer))
535 rc = outblock->cmd_count; /* flush resets */
536 if (!flush_buffer(outblock, SCMD_FLUSH)) return -1;
539 Ustrncpy(CS outblock->ptr, gs.s, gs.ptr);
540 outblock->ptr += gs.ptr;
541 outblock->cmd_count++;
542 gs.ptr -= 2; string_from_gstring(&gs); /* remove \r\n for error message */
544 /* We want to hide the actual data sent in AUTH transactions from reflections
545 and logs. While authenticating, a flag is set in the outblock to enable this.
546 The AUTH command itself gets any data flattened. Other lines are flattened
549 if (outblock->authenticating)
551 uschar *p = big_buffer;
552 if (Ustrncmp(big_buffer, "AUTH ", 5) == 0)
555 while (isspace(*p)) p++;
556 while (!isspace(*p)) p++;
557 while (isspace(*p)) p++;
559 while (*p != 0) *p++ = '*';
562 HDEBUG(D_transport|D_acl|D_v) debug_printf_indent(" SMTP>> %s\n", big_buffer);
565 if (mode != SCMD_BUFFER)
567 rc += outblock->cmd_count; /* flush resets */
568 if (!flush_buffer(outblock, mode)) return -1;
576 /*************************************************
577 * Read one line of SMTP response *
578 *************************************************/
580 /* This function reads one line of SMTP response from the server host. This may
581 not be a complete response - it could be just part of a multiline response. We
582 have to use a buffer for incoming packets, because when pipelining or using
583 LMTP, there may well be more than one response in a single packet. This
584 function is called only from the one that follows.
587 inblock the SMTP input block (contains holding buffer, socket, etc.)
588 buffer where to put the line
589 size space available for the line
590 timeout the timeout to use when reading a packet
592 Returns: length of a line that has been put in the buffer
593 -1 otherwise, with errno set
597 read_response_line(smtp_inblock *inblock, uschar *buffer, int size, int timeout)
600 uschar *ptr = inblock->ptr;
601 uschar *ptrend = inblock->ptrend;
602 client_conn_ctx * cctx = inblock->cctx;
604 /* Loop for reading multiple packets or reading another packet after emptying
605 a previously-read one. */
611 /* If there is data in the input buffer left over from last time, copy
612 characters from it until the end of a line, at which point we can return,
613 having removed any whitespace (which will include CR) at the end of the line.
614 The rules for SMTP say that lines end in CRLF, but there are have been cases
615 of hosts using just LF, and other MTAs are reported to handle this, so we
616 just look for LF. If we run out of characters before the end of a line,
617 carry on to read the next incoming packet. */
624 while (p > buffer && isspace(p[-1])) p--;
632 *p = 0; /* Leave malformed line for error message */
633 errno = ERRNO_SMTPFORMAT;
638 /* Need to read a new input packet. */
640 if((rc = ip_recv(cctx, inblock->buffer, inblock->buffersize, timeout)) <= 0)
642 DEBUG(D_deliver|D_transport|D_acl)
643 debug_printf_indent(errno ? " SMTP(%s)<<\n" : " SMTP(closed)<<\n",
648 /* Another block of data has been successfully read. Set up the pointers
649 and let the loop continue. */
651 ptrend = inblock->ptrend = inblock->buffer + rc;
652 ptr = inblock->buffer;
653 DEBUG(D_transport|D_acl) debug_printf_indent("read response data: size=%d\n", rc);
656 /* Get here if there has been some kind of recv() error; errno is set, but we
657 ensure that the result buffer is empty before returning. */
667 /*************************************************
668 * Read SMTP response *
669 *************************************************/
671 /* This function reads an SMTP response with a timeout, and returns the
672 response in the given buffer, as a string. A multiline response will contain
673 newline characters between the lines. The function also analyzes the first
674 digit of the reply code and returns FALSE if it is not acceptable. FALSE is
675 also returned after a reading error. In this case buffer[0] will be zero, and
676 the error code will be in errno.
679 sx the SMTP connection (contains input block with holding buffer,
681 buffer where to put the response
682 size the size of the buffer
683 okdigit the expected first digit of the response
684 timeout the timeout to use, in seconds
686 Returns: TRUE if a valid, non-error response was received; else FALSE
688 /*XXX could move to smtp transport; no other users */
691 smtp_read_response(void * sx0, uschar *buffer, int size, int okdigit,
694 smtp_context * sx = sx0;
695 uschar *ptr = buffer;
698 errno = 0; /* Ensure errno starts out zero */
700 #ifdef EXPERIMENTAL_PIPE_CONNECT
701 if (sx->pending_BANNER || sx->pending_EHLO)
702 if (smtp_reap_early_pipe(sx, &count) != OK)
704 DEBUG(D_transport) debug_printf("failed reaping pipelined cmd responsess\n");
709 /* This is a loop to read and concatenate the lines that make up a multi-line
714 if ((count = read_response_line(&sx->inblock, ptr, size, timeout)) < 0)
717 HDEBUG(D_transport|D_acl|D_v)
718 debug_printf_indent(" %s %s\n", ptr == buffer ? "SMTP<<" : " ", ptr);
720 /* Check the format of the response: it must start with three digits; if
721 these are followed by a space or end of line, the response is complete. If
722 they are followed by '-' this is a multi-line response and we must look for
723 another line until the final line is reached. The only use made of multi-line
724 responses is to pass them back as error messages. We therefore just
725 concatenate them all within the buffer, which should be large enough to
726 accept any reasonable number of lines. */
732 (ptr[3] != '-' && ptr[3] != ' ' && ptr[3] != 0))
734 errno = ERRNO_SMTPFORMAT; /* format error */
738 /* If the line we have just read is a terminal line, line, we are done.
739 Otherwise more data has to be read. */
741 if (ptr[3] != '-') break;
743 /* Move the reading pointer upwards in the buffer and insert \n between the
744 components of a multiline response. Space is left for this by read_response_
753 tfo_out_check(sx->cctx.sock);
756 /* Return a value that depends on the SMTP return code. On some systems a
757 non-zero value of errno has been seen at this point, so ensure it is zero,
758 because the caller of this function looks at errno when FALSE is returned, to
759 distinguish between an unexpected return code and other errors such as
760 timeouts, lost connections, etc. */
763 return buffer[0] == okdigit;
766 /* End of smtp_out.c */