4 This file contains descriptions of new features that have been added to Exim.
5 Before a formal release, there may be quite a lot of detail so that people can
6 test from the snapshots or the CVS before the documentation is updated. Once
7 the documentation is updated, this file is reduced to a short list.
12 1. The ACL conditions regex and mime_regex now capture substrings
13 into numeric variables $regex1 to 9, like the "match" expansion condition.
15 2. New $callout_address variable records the address used for a spam=,
16 malware= or verify= callout.
18 3. Transports now take a "max_parallel" option, to limit concurrency.
20 4. Expansion operators ${ipv6norm:<string>} and ${ipv6denorm:<string>}.
21 The latter expands to a 8-element colon-sep set of hex digits including
22 leading zeroes. A trailing ipv4-style dotted-decimal set is converted
23 to hex. Pure ipv4 addresses are converted to IPv4-mapped IPv6.
24 The former operator strips leading zeroes and collapses the longest
25 set of 0-groups to a double-colon.
27 5. New "-bP config" support, to dump the effective configuration.
29 6. New $dkim_key_length variable.
35 1. Support for using the system standard CA bundle.
37 2. New expansion items $config_file, $config_dir, containing the file
38 and directory name of the main configuration file. Also $exim_version.
40 3. New "malware=" support for Avast.
42 4. New "spam=" variant option for Rspamd.
44 5. Assorted options on malware= and spam= scanners.
46 6. A commandline option to write a comment into the logfile.
48 7. If built with EXPERIMENTAL_SOCKS feature enabled, the smtp transport can
49 be configured to make connections via socks5 proxies.
51 8. If built with EXPERIMENTAL_INTERNATIONAL, support is included for
52 the transmission of UTF-8 envelope addresses.
54 9. If built with EXPERIMENTAL_INTERNATIONAL, an expansion item for a commonly
55 used encoding of Maildir folder names.
57 10. A logging option for slow DNS lookups.
59 11. New ${env {<variable>}} expansion.
61 12. A non-SMTP authenticator using information from TLS client certificates.
63 13. Main option "tls_eccurve" for selecting an Elliptic Curve for TLS.
64 Patch originally by Wolfgang Breyha.
66 14. Main option "dns_trust_aa" for trusting your local nameserver at the
73 1. If built with EXPERIMENTAL_DANE feature enabled, Exim will follow the
74 DANE smtp draft to assess a secure chain of trust of the certificate
75 used to establish the TLS connection based on a TLSA record in the
78 2. The EXPERIMENTAL_TPDA feature has been renamed to EXPERIMENTAL_EVENT
79 and several new events have been created. The reason is because it has
80 been expanded beyond just firing events during the transport phase. Any
81 existing TPDA transport options will have to be rewritten to use a new
82 $event_name expansion variable in a condition. Refer to the
83 experimental-spec.txt for details and examples.
85 3. The EXPERIMENTAL_CERTNAMES features is an enhancement to verify that
86 server certs used for TLS match the result of the MX lookup. It does
87 not use the same mechanism as DANE.
97 1. If built with the EXPERIMENTAL_PROXY feature enabled, Exim can be
98 configured to expect an initial header from a proxy that will make the
99 actual external source IP:host be used in exim instead of the IP of the
100 proxy that is connecting to it.
102 2. New verify option header_names_ascii, which will check to make sure
103 there are no non-ASCII characters in header names. Exim itself handles
104 those non-ASCII characters, but downstream apps may not, so Exim can
105 detect and reject if those characters are present.
107 3. New expansion operator ${utf8clean:string} to replace malformed UTF8
108 codepoints with valid ones.
110 4. New malware type "sock". Talks over a Unix or TCP socket, sending one
111 command line and matching a regex against the return data for trigger
112 and a second regex to extract malware_name. The mail spoolfile name can
113 be included in the command line.
115 5. The smtp transport now supports options "tls_verify_hosts" and
116 "tls_try_verify_hosts". If either is set the certificate verification
117 is split from the encryption operation. The default remains that a failed
118 verification cancels the encryption.
120 6. New SERVERS override of default ldap server list. In the ACLs, an ldap
121 lookup can now set a list of servers to use that is different from the
124 7. New command-line option -C for exiqgrep to specify alternate exim.conf
125 file when searching the queue.
127 8. OCSP now supports GnuTLS also, if you have version 3.1.3 or later of that.
129 9. Support for DNSSEC on outbound connections.
131 10. New variables "tls_(in,out)_(our,peer)cert" and expansion item
132 "certextract" to extract fields from them. Hash operators md5 and sha1
133 work over them for generating fingerprints, and a new sha256 operator
136 11. PRDR is now supported dy default.
138 12. OCSP stapling is now supported by default.
140 13. If built with the EXPERIMENTAL_DSN feature enabled, Exim will output
141 Delivery Status Notification messages in MIME format, and negociate
142 DSN features per RFC 3461.
148 1. New command-line option -bI:sieve will list all supported sieve extensions
149 of this Exim build on standard output, one per line.
150 ManageSieve (RFC 5804) providers managing scripts for use by Exim should
151 query this to establish the correct list to include in the protocol's
152 SIEVE capability line.
154 2. If the -n option is combined with the -bP option, then the name of an
155 emitted option is not output, only the value (if visible to you).
156 For instance, "exim -n -bP pid_file_path" should just emit a pathname
157 followed by a newline, and no other text.
159 3. When built with SUPPORT_TLS and USE_GNUTLS, the SMTP transport driver now
160 has a "tls_dh_min_bits" option, to set the minimum acceptable number of
161 bits in the Diffie-Hellman prime offered by a server (in DH ciphersuites)
162 acceptable for security. (Option accepted but ignored if using OpenSSL).
163 Defaults to 1024, the old value. May be lowered only to 512, or raised as
164 far as you like. Raising this may hinder TLS interoperability with other
165 sites and is not currently recommended. Lowering this will permit you to
166 establish a TLS session which is not as secure as you might like.
168 Unless you really know what you are doing, leave it alone.
170 4. If not built with DISABLE_DNSSEC, Exim now has the main option
171 dns_dnssec_ok; if set to 1 then Exim will initialise the resolver library
172 to send the DO flag to your recursive resolver. If you have a recursive
173 resolver, which can set the Authenticated Data (AD) flag in results, Exim
174 can now detect this. Exim does not perform validation itself, instead
175 relying upon a trusted path to the resolver.
177 Current status: work-in-progress; $sender_host_dnssec variable added.
179 5. DSCP support for outbound connections: on a transport using the smtp driver,
180 set "dscp = ef", for instance, to cause the connections to have the relevant
181 DSCP (IPv4 TOS or IPv6 TCLASS) value in the header.
183 Similarly for inbound connections, there is a new control modifier, dscp,
184 so "warn control = dscp/ef" in the connect ACL, or after authentication.
186 Supported values depend upon system libraries. "exim -bI:dscp" to list the
187 ones Exim knows of. You can also set a raw number 0..0x3F.
189 6. The -G command-line flag is no longer ignored; it is now equivalent to an
190 ACL setting "control = suppress_local_fixups". The -L command-line flag
191 is now accepted and forces use of syslog, with the provided tag as the
192 process name. A few other flags used by Sendmail are now accepted and
195 7. New cutthrough routing feature. Requested by a "control = cutthrough_delivery"
196 ACL modifier; works for single-recipient mails which are recieved on and
197 deliverable via SMTP. Using the connection made for a recipient verify,
198 if requested before the verify, or a new one made for the purpose while
199 the inbound connection is still active. The bulk of the mail item is copied
200 direct from the inbound socket to the outbound (as well as the spool file).
201 When the source notifies the end of data, the data acceptance by the destination
202 is negociated before the acceptance is sent to the source. If the destination
203 does not accept the mail item, for example due to content-scanning, the item
204 is not accepted from the source and therefore there is no need to generate
205 a bounce mail. This is of benefit when providing a secondary-MX service.
206 The downside is that delays are under the control of the ultimate destination
209 The Recieved-by: header on items delivered by cutthrough is generated
210 early in reception rather than at the end; this will affect any timestamp
211 included. The log line showing delivery is recorded before that showing
212 reception; it uses a new ">>" tag instead of "=>".
214 To support the feature, verify-callout connections can now use ESMTP and TLS.
215 The usual smtp transport options are honoured, plus a (new, default everything)
216 hosts_verify_avoid_tls.
218 New variable families named tls_in_cipher, tls_out_cipher etc. are introduced
219 for specific access to the information for each connection. The old names
220 are present for now but deprecated.
222 Not yet supported: IGNOREQUOTA, SIZE, PIPELINING.
224 8. New expansion operators ${listnamed:name} to get the content of a named list
225 and ${listcount:string} to count the items in a list.
227 9. New global option "gnutls_allow_auto_pkcs11", defaults false. The GnuTLS
228 rewrite in 4.80 combines with GnuTLS 2.12.0 or later, to autoload PKCS11
229 modules. For some situations this is desirable, but we expect admin in
230 those situations to know they want the feature. More commonly, it means
231 that GUI user modules get loaded and are broken by the setuid Exim being
232 unable to access files specified in environment variables and passed
233 through, thus breakage. So we explicitly inhibit the PKCS11 initialisation
234 unless this new option is set.
236 Some older OS's with earlier versions of GnuTLS might not have pkcs11 ability,
237 so have also added a build option which can be used to build Exim with GnuTLS
238 but without trying to use any kind of PKCS11 support. Uncomment this in the
241 AVOID_GNUTLS_PKCS11=yes
243 10. The "acl = name" condition on an ACL now supports optional arguments.
244 New expansion item "${acl {name}{arg}...}" and expansion condition
245 "acl {{name}{arg}...}" are added. In all cases up to nine arguments
246 can be used, appearing in $acl_arg1 to $acl_arg9 for the called ACL.
247 Variable $acl_narg contains the number of arguments. If the ACL sets
248 a "message =" value this becomes the result of the expansion item,
249 or the value of $value for the expansion condition. If the ACL returns
250 accept the expansion condition is true; if reject, false. A defer
251 return results in a forced fail.
253 11. Routers and transports can now have multiple headers_add and headers_remove
254 option lines. The concatenated list is used.
256 12. New ACL modifier "remove_header" can remove headers before message gets
257 handled by routers/transports.
259 13. New dnsdb lookup pseudo-type "a+". A sequence of "a6" (if configured),
260 "aaaa" and "a" lookups is done and the full set of results returned.
262 14. New expansion variable $headers_added with content from ACL add_header
263 modifier (but not yet added to messsage).
265 15. New 8bitmime status logging option for received messages. Log field "M8S".
267 16. New authenticated_sender logging option, adding to log field "A".
269 17. New expansion variables $router_name and $transport_name. Useful
270 particularly for debug_print as -bt commandline option does not
271 require privilege whereas -d does.
273 18. If built with EXPERIMENTAL_PRDR, per-recipient data responses per a
274 proposed extension to SMTP from Eric Hall.
276 19. The pipe transport has gained the force_command option, to allow
277 decorating commands from user .forward pipe aliases with prefix
278 wrappers, for instance.
280 20. Callout connections can now AUTH; the same controls as normal delivery
283 21. Support for DMARC, using opendmarc libs, can be enabled. It adds new
284 options: dmarc_forensic_sender, dmarc_history_file, and dmarc_tld_file.
285 It adds new expansion variables $dmarc_ar_header, $dmarc_status,
286 $dmarc_status_text, and $dmarc_used_domain. It adds a new acl modifier
287 dmarc_status. It adds new control flags dmarc_disable_verify and
288 dmarc_enable_forensic.
290 22. Add expansion variable $authenticated_fail_id, which is the username
291 provided to the authentication method which failed. It is available
292 for use in subsequent ACL processing (typically quit or notquit ACLs).
294 23. New ACL modifer "udpsend" can construct a UDP packet to send to a given
297 24. New ${hexquote:..string..} expansion operator converts non-printable
298 characters in the string to \xNN form.
300 25. Experimental TPDA (Transport Post Delivery Action) function added.
301 Patch provided by Axel Rau.
303 26. Experimental Redis lookup added. Patch provided by Warren Baker.
309 1. New authenticator driver, "gsasl". Server-only (at present).
310 This is a SASL interface, licensed under GPL, which can be found at
311 http://www.gnu.org/software/gsasl/.
312 This system does not provide sources of data for authentication, so
313 careful use needs to be made of the conditions in Exim.
315 2. New authenticator driver, "heimdal_gssapi". Server-only.
316 A replacement for using cyrus_sasl with Heimdal, now that $KRB5_KTNAME
317 is no longer honoured for setuid programs by Heimdal. Use the
318 "server_keytab" option to point to the keytab.
320 3. The "pkg-config" system can now be used when building Exim to reference
321 cflags and library information for lookups and authenticators, rather
322 than having to update "CFLAGS", "AUTH_LIBS", "LOOKUP_INCLUDE" and
323 "LOOKUP_LIBS" directly. Similarly for handling the TLS library support
324 without adjusting "TLS_INCLUDE" and "TLS_LIBS".
326 In addition, setting PCRE_CONFIG=yes will query the pcre-config tool to
327 find the headers and libraries for PCRE.
329 4. New expansion variable $tls_bits.
331 5. New lookup type, "dbmjz". Key is an Exim list, the elements of which will
332 be joined together with ASCII NUL characters to construct the key to pass
333 into the DBM library. Can be used with gsasl to access sasldb2 files as
336 6. OpenSSL now supports TLS1.1 and TLS1.2 with OpenSSL 1.0.1.
338 Avoid release 1.0.1a if you can. Note that the default value of
339 "openssl_options" is no longer "+dont_insert_empty_fragments", as that
340 increased susceptibility to attack. This may still have interoperability
341 implications for very old clients (see version 4.31 change 37) but
342 administrators can choose to make the trade-off themselves and restore
343 compatibility at the cost of session security.
345 7. Use of the new expansion variable $tls_sni in the main configuration option
346 tls_certificate will cause Exim to re-expand the option, if the client
347 sends the TLS Server Name Indication extension, to permit choosing a
348 different certificate; tls_privatekey will also be re-expanded. You must
349 still set these options to expand to valid files when $tls_sni is not set.
351 The SMTP Transport has gained the option tls_sni, which will set a hostname
352 for outbound TLS sessions, and set $tls_sni too.
354 A new log_selector, +tls_sni, has been added, to log received SNI values
355 for Exim as a server.
357 8. The existing "accept_8bitmime" option now defaults to true. This means
358 that Exim is deliberately not strictly RFC compliant. We're following
359 Dan Bernstein's advice in http://cr.yp.to/smtp/8bitmime.html by default.
360 Those who disagree, or know that they are talking to mail servers that,
361 even today, are not 8-bit clean, need to turn off this option.
363 9. Exim can now be started with -bw (with an optional timeout, given as
364 -bw<timespec>). With this, stdin at startup is a socket that is
365 already listening for connections. This has a more modern name of
366 "socket activation", but forcing the activated socket to fd 0. We're
367 interested in adding more support for modern variants.
369 10. ${eval } now uses 64-bit values on supporting platforms. A new "G" suffix
370 for numbers indicates multiplication by 1024^3.
372 11. The GnuTLS support has been revamped; the three options gnutls_require_kx,
373 gnutls_require_mac & gnutls_require_protocols are no longer supported.
374 tls_require_ciphers is now parsed by gnutls_priority_init(3) as a priority
375 string, documentation for which is at:
376 http://www.gnutls.org/manual/html_node/Priority-Strings.html
378 SNI support has been added to Exim's GnuTLS integration too.
380 For sufficiently recent GnuTLS libraries, ${randint:..} will now use
381 gnutls_rnd(), asking for GNUTLS_RND_NONCE level randomness.
383 12. With OpenSSL, if built with EXPERIMENTAL_OCSP, a new option tls_ocsp_file
384 is now available. If the contents of the file are valid, then Exim will
385 send that back in response to a TLS status request; this is OCSP Stapling.
386 Exim will not maintain the contents of the file in any way: administrators
387 are responsible for ensuring that it is up-to-date.
389 See "experimental-spec.txt" for more details.
391 13. ${lookup dnsdb{ }} supports now SPF record types. They are handled
392 identically to TXT record lookups.
394 14. New expansion variable $tod_epoch_l for higher-precision time.
396 15. New global option tls_dh_max_bits, defaulting to current value of NSS
397 hard-coded limit of DH ephemeral bits, to fix interop problems caused by
398 GnuTLS 2.12 library recommending a bit count higher than NSS supports.
400 16. tls_dhparam now used by both OpenSSL and GnuTLS, can be path or identifier.
401 Option can now be a path or an identifier for a standard prime.
402 If unset, we use the DH prime from section 2.2 of RFC 5114, "ike23".
403 Set to "historic" to get the old GnuTLS behaviour of auto-generated DH
406 17. SSLv2 now disabled by default in OpenSSL. (Never supported by GnuTLS).
407 Use "openssl_options -no_sslv2" to re-enable support, if your OpenSSL
408 install was not built with OPENSSL_NO_SSL2 ("no-ssl2").
414 1. New options for the ratelimit ACL condition: /count= and /unique=.
415 The /noupdate option has been replaced by a /readonly option.
417 2. The SMTP transport's protocol option may now be set to "smtps", to
418 use SSL-on-connect outbound.
420 3. New variable $av_failed, set true if the AV scanner deferred; ie, when
421 there is a problem talking to the AV scanner, or the AV scanner running.
423 4. New expansion conditions, "inlist" and "inlisti", which take simple lists
424 and check if the search item is a member of the list. This does not
425 support named lists, but does subject the list part to string expansion.
427 5. Unless the new EXPAND_LISTMATCH_RHS build option is set when Exim was
428 built, Exim no longer performs string expansion on the second string of
429 the match_* expansion conditions: "match_address", "match_domain",
430 "match_ip" & "match_local_part". Named lists can still be used.
436 1. The global option "dns_use_edns0" may be set to coerce EDNS0 usage on
437 or off in the resolver library.
443 1. In addition to the existing LDAP and LDAP/SSL ("ldaps") support, there
444 is now LDAP/TLS support, given sufficiently modern OpenLDAP client
445 libraries. The following global options have been added in support of
446 this: ldap_ca_cert_dir, ldap_ca_cert_file, ldap_cert_file, ldap_cert_key,
447 ldap_cipher_suite, ldap_require_cert, ldap_start_tls.
449 2. The pipe transport now takes a boolean option, "freeze_signal", default
450 false. When true, if the external delivery command exits on a signal then
451 Exim will freeze the message in the queue, instead of generating a bounce.
453 3. Log filenames may now use %M as an escape, instead of %D (still available).
454 The %M pattern expands to yyyymm, providing month-level resolution.
456 4. The $message_linecount variable is now updated for the maildir_tag option,
457 in the same way as $message_size, to reflect the real number of lines,
458 including any header additions or removals from transport.
460 5. When contacting a pool of SpamAssassin servers configured in spamd_address,
461 Exim now selects entries randomly, to better scale in a cluster setup.
467 1. SECURITY FIX: privilege escalation flaw fixed. On Linux (and only Linux)
468 the flaw permitted the Exim run-time user to cause root to append to
469 arbitrary files of the attacker's choosing, with the content based
470 on content supplied by the attacker.
472 2. Exim now supports loading some lookup types at run-time, using your
473 platform's dlopen() functionality. This has limited platform support
474 and the intention is not to support every variant, it's limited to
475 dlopen(). This permits the main Exim binary to not be linked against
476 all the libraries needed for all the lookup types.
482 NOTE: this version is not guaranteed backwards-compatible, please read the
483 items below carefully
485 1. A new main configuration option, "openssl_options", is available if Exim
486 is built with SSL support provided by OpenSSL. The option allows
487 administrators to specify OpenSSL options to be used on connections;
488 typically this is to set bug compatibility features which the OpenSSL
489 developers have not enabled by default. There may be security
490 consequences for certain options, so these should not be changed
493 2. A new pipe transport option, "permit_coredumps", may help with problem
494 diagnosis in some scenarios. Note that Exim is typically installed as
495 a setuid binary, which on most OSes will inhibit coredumps by default,
496 so that safety mechanism would have to be overridden for this option to
497 be able to take effect.
499 3. ClamAV 0.95 is now required for ClamAV support in Exim, unless
500 Local/Makefile sets: WITH_OLD_CLAMAV_STREAM=yes
501 Note that this switches Exim to use a new API ("INSTREAM") and a future
502 release of ClamAV will remove support for the old API ("STREAM").
504 The av_scanner option, when set to "clamd", now takes an optional third
505 part, "local", which causes Exim to pass a filename to ClamAV instead of
506 the file content. This is the same behaviour as when clamd is pointed at
507 a Unix-domain socket. For example:
509 av_scanner = clamd:192.0.2.3 1234:local
511 ClamAV's ExtendedDetectionInfo response format is now handled.
513 4. There is now a -bmalware option, restricted to admin users. This option
514 takes one parameter, a filename, and scans that file with Exim's
515 malware-scanning framework. This is intended purely as a debugging aid
516 to ensure that Exim's scanning is working, not to replace other tools.
517 Note that the ACL framework is not invoked, so if av_scanner references
518 ACL variables without a fallback then this will fail.
520 5. There is a new expansion operator, "reverse_ip", which will reverse IP
521 addresses; IPv4 into dotted quad, IPv6 into dotted nibble. Examples:
523 ${reverse_ip:192.0.2.4}
525 ${reverse_ip:2001:0db8:c42:9:1:abcd:192.0.2.3}
526 -> 3.0.2.0.0.0.0.c.d.c.b.a.1.0.0.0.9.0.0.0.2.4.c.0.8.b.d.0.1.0.0.2
528 6. There is a new ACL control called "debug", to enable debug logging.
529 This allows selective logging of certain incoming transactions within
530 production environments, with some care. It takes two options, "tag"
531 and "opts"; "tag" is included in the filename of the log and "opts"
532 is used as per the -d<options> command-line option. Examples, which
533 don't all make sense in all contexts:
536 control = debug/tag=.$sender_host_address
537 control = debug/opts=+expand+acl
538 control = debug/tag=.$message_exim_id/opts=+expand
540 7. It has always been implicit in the design and the documentation that
541 "the Exim user" is not root. src/EDITME said that using root was
542 "very strongly discouraged". This is not enough to keep people from
543 shooting themselves in the foot in days when many don't configure Exim
544 themselves but via package build managers. The security consequences of
545 running various bits of network code are severe if there should be bugs in
546 them. As such, the Exim user may no longer be root. If configured
547 statically, Exim will refuse to build. If configured as ref:user then Exim
548 will exit shortly after start-up. If you must shoot yourself in the foot,
549 then henceforth you will have to maintain your own local patches to strip
552 8. There is a new expansion condition, bool_lax{}. Where bool{} uses the ACL
553 condition logic to determine truth/failure and will fail to expand many
554 strings, bool_lax{} uses the router condition logic, where most strings
556 Note: bool{00} is false, bool_lax{00} is true.
558 9. Routers now support multiple "condition" tests.
560 10. There is now a runtime configuration option "tcp_wrappers_daemon_name".
561 Setting this allows an admin to define which entry in the tcpwrappers
562 config file will be used to control access to the daemon. This option
563 is only available when Exim is built with USE_TCP_WRAPPERS. The
564 default value is set at build time using the TCP_WRAPPERS_DAEMON_NAME
567 11. [POSSIBLE CONFIG BREAKAGE] The default value for system_filter_user is now
568 the Exim run-time user, instead of root.
570 12. [POSSIBLE CONFIG BREAKAGE] ALT_CONFIG_ROOT_ONLY is no longer optional and
571 is forced on. This is mitigated by the new build option
572 TRUSTED_CONFIG_LIST which defines a list of configuration files which
573 are trusted; one per line. If a config file is owned by root and matches
574 a pathname in the list, then it may be invoked by the Exim build-time
575 user without Exim relinquishing root privileges.
577 13. [POSSIBLE CONFIG BREAKAGE] The Exim user is no longer automatically
578 trusted to supply -D<Macro[=Value]> overrides on the command-line. Going
579 forward, we recommend using TRUSTED_CONFIG_LIST with shim configs that
580 include the main config. As a transition mechanism, we are temporarily
581 providing a work-around: the new build option WHITELIST_D_MACROS provides
582 a colon-separated list of macro names which may be overridden by the Exim
583 run-time user. The values of these macros are constrained to the regex
584 ^[A-Za-z0-9_/.-]*$ (which explicitly does allow for empty values).
590 1. TWO SECURITY FIXES: one relating to mail-spools which are globally
591 writable, the other to locking of MBX folders (not mbox).
593 2. MySQL stored procedures are now supported.
595 3. The dkim_domain transport option is now a list, not a single string, and
596 messages will be signed for each element in the list (discarding
599 4. The 4.70 release unexpectedly changed the behaviour of dnsdb TXT lookups
600 in the presence of multiple character strings within the RR. Prior to 4.70,
601 only the first string would be returned. The dnsdb lookup now, by default,
602 preserves the pre-4.70 semantics, but also now takes an extended output
603 separator specification. The separator can be followed by a semicolon, to
604 concatenate the individual text strings together with no join character,
605 or by a comma and a second separator character, in which case the text
606 strings within a TXT record are joined on that second character.
607 Administrators are reminded that DNS provides no ordering guarantees
608 between multiple records in an RRset. For example:
610 foo.example. IN TXT "a" "b" "c"
611 foo.example. IN TXT "d" "e" "f"
613 ${lookup dnsdb{>/ txt=foo.example}} -> "a/d"
614 ${lookup dnsdb{>/; txt=foo.example}} -> "def/abc"
615 ${lookup dnsdb{>/,+ txt=foo.example}} -> "a+b+c/d+e+f"
621 1. Native DKIM support without an external library.
622 (Note that if no action to prevent it is taken, a straight upgrade will
623 result in DKIM verification of all signed incoming emails. See spec
624 for details on conditionally disabling)
626 2. Experimental DCC support via dccifd (contributed by Wolfgang Breyha).
628 3. There is now a bool{} expansion condition which maps certain strings to
629 true/false condition values (most likely of use in conjunction with the
630 and{} expansion operator).
632 4. The $spam_score, $spam_bar and $spam_report variables are now available
635 5. exim -bP now supports "macros", "macro_list" or "macro MACRO_NAME" as
636 options, provided that Exim is invoked by an admin_user.
638 6. There is a new option gnutls_compat_mode, when linked against GnuTLS,
639 which increases compatibility with older clients at the cost of decreased
640 security. Don't set this unless you need to support such clients.
642 7. There is a new expansion operator, ${randint:...} which will produce a
643 "random" number less than the supplied integer. This randomness is
644 not guaranteed to be cryptographically strong, but depending upon how
645 Exim was built may be better than the most naive schemes.
647 8. Exim now explicitly ensures that SHA256 is available when linked against
650 9. The transport_filter_timeout option now applies to SMTP transports too.
656 1. Preliminary DKIM support in Experimental.
662 1. The body_linecount and body_zerocount C variables are now exported in the
665 2. When a dnslists lookup succeeds, the key that was looked up is now placed
666 in $dnslist_matched. When the key is an IP address, it is not reversed in
667 this variable (though it is, of course, in the actual lookup). In simple
670 deny dnslists = spamhaus.example
672 the key is also available in another variable (in this case,
673 $sender_host_address). In more complicated cases, however, this is not
674 true. For example, using a data lookup might generate a dnslists lookup
677 deny dnslists = spamhaus.example/<|192.168.1.2|192.168.6.7|...
679 If this condition succeeds, the value in $dnslist_matched might be
680 192.168.6.7 (for example).
682 3. Authenticators now have a client_condition option. When Exim is running as
683 a client, it skips an authenticator whose client_condition expansion yields
684 "0", "no", or "false". This can be used, for example, to skip plain text
685 authenticators when the connection is not encrypted by a setting such as:
687 client_condition = ${if !eq{$tls_cipher}{}}
689 Note that the 4.67 documentation states that $tls_cipher contains the
690 cipher used for incoming messages. In fact, during SMTP delivery, it
691 contains the cipher used for the delivery. The same is true for
694 4. There is now a -Mvc <message-id> option, which outputs a copy of the
695 message to the standard output, in RFC 2822 format. The option can be used
696 only by an admin user.
698 5. There is now a /noupdate option for the ratelimit ACL condition. It
699 computes the rate and checks the limit as normal, but it does not update
700 the saved data. This means that, in relevant ACLs, it is possible to lookup
701 the existence of a specified (or auto-generated) ratelimit key without
702 incrementing the ratelimit counter for that key.
704 In order for this to be useful, another ACL entry must set the rate
705 for the same key somewhere (otherwise it will always be zero).
710 # Read the rate; if it doesn't exist or is below the maximum
712 deny ratelimit = 100 / 5m / strict / noupdate
713 log_message = RATE: $sender_rate / $sender_rate_period \
714 (max $sender_rate_limit)
716 [... some other logic and tests...]
718 warn ratelimit = 100 / 5m / strict / per_cmd
719 log_message = RATE UPDATE: $sender_rate / $sender_rate_period \
720 (max $sender_rate_limit)
721 condition = ${if le{$sender_rate}{$sender_rate_limit}}
725 6. The variable $max_received_linelength contains the number of bytes in the
726 longest line that was received as part of the message, not counting the
727 line termination character(s).
729 7. Host lists can now include +ignore_defer and +include_defer, analagous to
730 +ignore_unknown and +include_unknown. These options should be used with
731 care, probably only in non-critical host lists such as whitelists.
733 8. There's a new option called queue_only_load_latch, which defaults true.
734 If set false when queue_only_load is greater than zero, Exim re-evaluates
735 the load for each incoming message in an SMTP session. Otherwise, once one
736 message is queued, the remainder are also.
738 9. There is a new ACL, specified by acl_smtp_notquit, which is run in most
739 cases when an SMTP session ends without sending QUIT. However, when Exim
740 itself is is bad trouble, such as being unable to write to its log files,
741 this ACL is not run, because it might try to do things (such as write to
742 log files) that make the situation even worse.
744 Like the QUIT ACL, this new ACL is provided to make it possible to gather
745 statistics. Whatever it returns (accept or deny) is immaterial. The "delay"
746 modifier is forbidden in this ACL.
748 When the NOTQUIT ACL is running, the variable $smtp_notquit_reason is set
749 to a string that indicates the reason for the termination of the SMTP
750 connection. The possible values are:
752 acl-drop Another ACL issued a "drop" command
753 bad-commands Too many unknown or non-mail commands
754 command-timeout Timeout while reading SMTP commands
755 connection-lost The SMTP connection has been lost
756 data-timeout Timeout while reading message data
757 local-scan-error The local_scan() function crashed
758 local-scan-timeout The local_scan() function timed out
759 signal-exit SIGTERM or SIGINT
760 synchronization-error SMTP synchronization error
761 tls-failed TLS failed to start
763 In most cases when an SMTP connection is closed without having received
764 QUIT, Exim sends an SMTP response message before actually closing the
765 connection. With the exception of acl-drop, the default message can be
766 overridden by the "message" modifier in the NOTQUIT ACL. In the case of a
767 "drop" verb in another ACL, it is the message from the other ACL that is
770 10. For MySQL and PostgreSQL lookups, it is now possible to specify a list of
771 servers with individual queries. This is done by starting the query with
772 "servers=x:y:z;", where each item in the list may take one of two forms:
774 (1) If it is just a host name, the appropriate global option (mysql_servers
775 or pgsql_servers) is searched for a host of the same name, and the
776 remaining parameters (database, user, password) are taken from there.
778 (2) If it contains any slashes, it is taken as a complete parameter set.
780 The list of servers is used in exactly the same was as the global list.
781 Once a connection to a server has happened and a query has been
782 successfully executed, processing of the lookup ceases.
784 This feature is intended for use in master/slave situations where updates
785 are occurring, and one wants to update a master rather than a slave. If the
786 masters are in the list for reading, you might have:
788 mysql_servers = slave1/db/name/pw:slave2/db/name/pw:master/db/name/pw
790 In an updating lookup, you could then write
792 ${lookup mysql{servers=master; UPDATE ...}
794 If, on the other hand, the master is not to be used for reading lookups:
796 pgsql_servers = slave1/db/name/pw:slave2/db/name/pw
798 you can still update the master by
800 ${lookup pgsql{servers=master/db/name/pw; UPDATE ...}
802 11. The message_body_newlines option (default FALSE, for backwards
803 compatibility) can be used to control whether newlines are present in
804 $message_body and $message_body_end. If it is FALSE, they are replaced by
811 1. There is a new log selector called smtp_no_mail, which is not included in
812 the default setting. When it is set, a line is written to the main log
813 whenever an accepted SMTP connection terminates without having issued a
816 2. When an item in a dnslists list is followed by = and & and a list of IP
817 addresses, the behaviour was not clear when the lookup returned more than
818 one IP address. This has been solved by the addition of == and =& for "all"
819 rather than the default "any" matching.
821 3. Up till now, the only control over which cipher suites GnuTLS uses has been
822 for the cipher algorithms. New options have been added to allow some of the
823 other parameters to be varied.
825 4. There is a new compile-time option called ENABLE_DISABLE_FSYNC. When it is
826 set, Exim compiles a runtime option called disable_fsync.
828 5. There is a new variable called $smtp_count_at_connection_start.
830 6. There's a new control called no_pipelining.
832 7. There are two new variables called $sending_ip_address and $sending_port.
833 These are set whenever an SMTP connection to another host has been set up.
835 8. The expansion of the helo_data option in the smtp transport now happens
836 after the connection to the server has been made.
838 9. There is a new expansion operator ${rfc2047d: that decodes strings that
839 are encoded as per RFC 2047.
841 10. There is a new log selector called "pid", which causes the current process
842 id to be added to every log line, in square brackets, immediately after the
845 11. Exim has been modified so that it flushes SMTP output before implementing
846 a delay in an ACL. It also flushes the output before performing a callout,
847 as this can take a substantial time. These behaviours can be disabled by
848 obeying control = no_delay_flush or control = no_callout_flush,
849 respectively, at some earlier stage of the connection.
851 12. There are two new expansion conditions that iterate over a list. They are
852 called forany and forall.
854 13. There's a new global option called dsn_from that can be used to vary the
855 contents of From: lines in bounces and other automatically generated
856 messages ("delivery status notifications" - hence the name of the option).
858 14. The smtp transport has a new option called hosts_avoid_pipelining.
860 15. By default, exigrep does case-insensitive matches. There is now a -I option
861 that makes it case-sensitive.
863 16. A number of new features ("addresses", "map", "filter", and "reduce") have
864 been added to string expansions to make it easier to process lists of
865 items, typically addresses.
867 17. There's a new ACL modifier called "continue". It does nothing of itself,
868 and processing of the ACL always continues with the next condition or
869 modifier. It is provided so that the side effects of expanding its argument
872 18. It is now possible to use newline and other control characters (those with
873 values less than 32, plus DEL) as separators in lists.
875 19. The exigrep utility now has a -v option, which inverts the matching
878 20. The host_find_failed option in the manualroute router can now be set to
885 No new features were added to 4.66.
891 No new features were added to 4.65.
897 1. ACL variables can now be given arbitrary names, as long as they start with
898 "acl_c" or "acl_m" (for connection variables and message variables), are at
899 least six characters long, with the sixth character being either a digit or
902 2. There is a new ACL modifier called log_reject_target. It makes it possible
903 to specify which logs are used for messages about ACL rejections.
905 3. There is a new authenticator called "dovecot". This is an interface to the
906 authentication facility of the Dovecot POP/IMAP server, which can support a
907 number of authentication methods.
909 4. The variable $message_headers_raw provides a concatenation of all the
910 messages's headers without any decoding. This is in contrast to
911 $message_headers, which does RFC2047 decoding on the header contents.
913 5. In a DNS black list, if two domain names, comma-separated, are given, the
914 second is used first to do an initial check, making use of any IP value
915 restrictions that are set. If there is a match, the first domain is used,
916 without any IP value restrictions, to get the TXT record.
918 6. All authenticators now have a server_condition option.
920 7. There is a new command-line option called -Mset. It is useful only in
921 conjunction with -be (that is, when testing string expansions). It must be
922 followed by a message id; Exim loads the given message from its spool
923 before doing the expansions.
925 8. Another similar new command-line option is called -bem. It operates like
926 -be except that it must be followed by the name of a file that contains a
929 9. When an address is delayed because of a 4xx response to a RCPT command, it
930 is now the combination of sender and recipient that is delayed in
931 subsequent queue runs until its retry time is reached.
933 10. Unary negation and the bitwise logical operators and, or, xor, not, and
934 shift, have been added to the eval: and eval10: expansion items.
936 11. The variables $interface_address and $interface_port have been renamed
937 as $received_ip_address and $received_port, to make it clear that they
938 relate to message reception rather than delivery. (The old names remain
939 available for compatibility.)
941 12. The "message" modifier can now be used on "accept" and "discard" acl verbs
942 to vary the message that is sent when an SMTP command is accepted.
948 1. There is a new Boolean option called filter_prepend_home for the redirect
951 2. There is a new acl, set by acl_not_smtp_start, which is run right at the
952 start of receiving a non-SMTP message, before any of the message has been
955 3. When an SMTP error message is specified in a "message" modifier in an ACL,
956 or in a :fail: or :defer: message in a redirect router, Exim now checks the
957 start of the message for an SMTP error code.
959 4. There is a new parameter for LDAP lookups called "referrals", which takes
960 one of the settings "follow" (the default) or "nofollow".
962 5. Version 20070721.2 of exipick now included, offering these new options:
964 After all other sorting options have bee processed, reverse order
965 before displaying messages (-R is synonym).
967 Randomize order of matching messages before displaying.
969 Instead of displaying the matching messages, display the sum
971 --sort <variable>[,<variable>...]
972 Before displaying matching messages, sort the messages according to
973 each messages value for each variable.
975 Negate the value for every test (returns inverse output from the
976 same criteria without --not).
982 1. The ${readsocket expansion item now supports Internet domain sockets as well
983 as Unix domain sockets. If the first argument begins "inet:", it must be of
984 the form "inet:host:port". The port is mandatory; it may be a number or the
985 name of a TCP port in /etc/services. The host may be a name, or it may be an
986 IP address. An ip address may optionally be enclosed in square brackets.
987 This is best for IPv6 addresses. For example:
989 ${readsocket{inet:[::1]:1234}{<request data>}...
991 Only a single host name may be given, but if looking it up yield more than
992 one IP address, they are each tried in turn until a connection is made. Once
993 a connection has been made, the behaviour is as for ${readsocket with a Unix
996 2. If a redirect router sets up file or pipe deliveries for more than one
997 incoming address, and the relevant transport has batch_max set greater than
998 one, a batch delivery now occurs.
1000 3. The appendfile transport has a new option called maildirfolder_create_regex.
1001 Its value is a regular expression. For a maildir delivery, this is matched
1002 against the maildir directory; if it matches, Exim ensures that a
1003 maildirfolder file is created alongside the new, cur, and tmp directories.
1009 The documentation is up-to-date for the 4.61 release. Major new features since
1010 the 4.60 release are:
1012 . An option called disable_ipv6, to disable the use of IPv6 completely.
1014 . An increase in the number of ACL variables to 20 of each type.
1016 . A change to use $auth1, $auth2, and $auth3 in authenticators instead of $1,
1017 $2, $3, (though those are still set) because the numeric variables get used
1018 for other things in complicated expansions.
1020 . The default for rfc1413_query_timeout has been changed from 30s to 5s.
1022 . It is possible to use setclassresources() on some BSD OS to control the
1023 resources used in pipe deliveries.
1025 . A new ACL modifier called add_header, which can be used with any verb.
1027 . More errors are detectable in retry rules.
1029 There are a number of other additions too.
1035 The documentation is up-to-date for the 4.60 release. Major new features since
1036 the 4.50 release are:
1038 . Support for SQLite.
1040 . Support for IGNOREQUOTA in LMTP.
1042 . Extensions to the "submission mode" features.
1044 . Support for Client SMTP Authorization (CSA).
1046 . Support for ratelimiting hosts and users.
1048 . New expansion items to help with the BATV "prvs" scheme.
1050 . A "match_ip" condition, that matches an IP address against a list.
1052 There are many more minor changes.
git://git.exim.org / exim.git / blob