1 /*************************************************
2 * Exim - an Internet mail transport agent *
3 *************************************************/
5 /* Copyright (c) The Exim Maintainers 2021 - 2024 */
6 /* Copyright (c) University of Cambridge 1995 - 2018 */
7 /* See the file NOTICE for conditions of use and distribution. */
8 /* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later */
10 /* Functions concerned with rewriting headers */
15 /* Names for testing rewriting */
17 static const char *rrname[] = {
28 /* Structure and table for finding source of address for debug printing */
30 typedef struct where_list_block {
35 static where_list_block where_list[] = {
36 { rewrite_sender, CUS"sender:" },
37 { rewrite_from, CUS"from:" },
38 { rewrite_to, CUS"to:" },
39 { rewrite_cc, CUS"cc:" },
40 { rewrite_bcc, CUS"bcc:" },
41 { rewrite_replyto, CUS"reply-to:" },
42 { rewrite_envfrom, CUS"env-from" },
43 { rewrite_envto, CUS"env-to" },
44 { rewrite_smtp, CUS"smtp recipient" },
45 { rewrite_smtp|rewrite_smtp_sender, CUS"smtp sender" }
48 static int where_list_size = sizeof(where_list)/sizeof(where_list_block);
52 /*************************************************
53 * Ensure an address is qualified *
54 *************************************************/
59 is_recipient TRUE if a recipient address; FALSE if a sender address
61 Returns: fully-qualified address
65 rewrite_address_qualify(const uschar *s, BOOL is_recipient)
67 return parse_find_at(s)
68 ? s : string_sprintf("%s@%s", s,
69 is_recipient ? qualify_domain_recipient : qualify_domain_sender);
74 /*************************************************
75 * Rewrite a single address *
76 *************************************************/
78 /* The yield is the input address if there is no rewriting to be done. Assume
79 the input is a valid address, except in the case of SMTP-time rewriting, which
80 is handled specially. When this function is called while processing filter and
81 forward files, the uid may be that of the user. Ensure it is reset while
82 expanding a replacement, in case that involves file lookups.
86 flag indicates where this address comes from; it must match the
87 flags in the rewriting rule
88 whole if not NULL, set TRUE if any rewriting rule contained the
89 "whole" bit and it is a header that is being rewritten
90 add_header if TRUE and rewriting occurs, add an "X-rewrote-xxx" header
91 if headers are in existence; this should be TRUE only when
92 a message is being received, not during delivery
93 name name of header, for use when adding X-rewrote-xxxx
94 rewrite_rules chain of rewriting rules
96 Returns: new address if rewritten; the input address if no change;
97 for a header rewrite, if the "whole" bit is set, the entire
98 rewritten address is returned, not just the active bit.
102 rewrite_one(const uschar *s, int flag, BOOL *whole, BOOL add_header, uschar *name,
103 rewrite_rule *rewrite_rules)
105 const uschar *yield = s;
106 const uschar *subject = s;
107 const uschar *domain = NULL;
110 int yield_start = 0, yield_end = 0;
112 if (whole) *whole = FALSE;
114 /* Scan the rewriting rules, ignoring any without matching flag */
116 for (rewrite_rule * rule = rewrite_rules;
118 rule_number++, rule = rule->next) if (rule->flags & flag)
120 int start, end, pdomain;
122 const uschar * save_localpart;
123 const uschar * save_domain;
124 uschar * error, * new;
125 const uschar * newparsed;
127 /* Come back here for a repeat after a successful rewrite. We do this
128 only so many times. */
132 /* If this is an SMTP-time rewrite, the pattern must be a regex and
133 the subject may have any structure. No local part or domain variables
134 can be set for the expansion. We expand the pattern in order to be consistent
135 with the other kinds of rewrite, where expansion happens inside
136 match_address_list(). */
138 if (flag & rewrite_smtp)
141 const uschar * key = expand_string_2(rule->key, &textonly_re);
144 if (!f.expand_string_forcedfail)
145 log_write(0, LOG_MAIN|LOG_PANIC, "failed to expand \"%s\" while "
146 "checking for SMTP rewriting: %s", rule->key, expand_string_message);
149 if (match_check_string(subject, key, 0,
150 textonly_re ? MCS_CACHEABLE | MCS_PARTIAL : MCS_PARTIAL, NULL) != OK)
152 new = expand_string(rule->replacement);
155 /* All other rewrites expect the input to be a valid address, so local part
156 and domain variables can be set for expansion. For the first rule, to be
157 applied to this address, domain will be NULL and needs to be set. */
161 if (!domain) domain = CUstrrchr(subject, '@') + 1;
163 /* Use the general function for matching an address against a list (here
164 just one item, so use the "impossible value" separator UCHAR_MAX+1). */
166 if (match_address_list(subject, FALSE, TRUE, CUSS &(rule->key), NULL, 0,
167 UCHAR_MAX + 1, NULL) != OK)
170 /* The source address matches, and numerical variables have been
171 set up. If the replacement string consists of precisely "*" then no
172 rewriting is required for this address - the behaviour is as for "fail"
173 in the replacement expansion, but assuming the quit flag. */
175 if (Ustrcmp(rule->replacement, "*") == 0) break;
177 /* Otherwise, expand the replacement string. Set $local_part and $domain to
178 the appropriate values, restoring whatever value they previously had
181 save_localpart = deliver_localpart;
182 save_domain = deliver_domain;
184 /* We have subject pointing to "localpart@domain" and domain pointing to
185 the domain. Split into local part and domain so that it can be set up as
186 an expansion variable */
188 deliver_localpart = US string_copyn(subject, domain-subject-1);
189 deliver_domain = domain;
191 new = expand_string(rule->replacement);
193 deliver_localpart = save_localpart;
194 deliver_domain = save_domain;
197 /* If the expansion failed with the "forcedfail" flag, don't generate
198 an error - just give up on this rewriting rule. If the "q" flag is set,
199 give up altogether. For other expansion failures we have a configuration
204 if (f.expand_string_forcedfail)
205 { if (rule->flags & rewrite_quit) break; else continue; }
207 expand_string_message = expand_hide_passwords(expand_string_message);
209 log_write(0, LOG_MAIN|LOG_PANIC, "Expansion of %s failed while rewriting: "
210 "%s", rule->replacement, expand_string_message);
214 /* Check the what has been generated is a valid RFC 2822 address. Only
215 envelope from or SMTP sender is permitted to be rewritten as <>.*/
217 newparsed = parse_extract_address(new, &error, &start, &end, &pdomain,
218 flag == rewrite_envfrom || flag == (rewrite_smtp|rewrite_smtp_sender));
222 log_write(0, LOG_MAIN|LOG_PANIC, "Rewrite of %s yielded unparseable "
223 "address: %s in address %s", subject, error, new);
224 break; /* Give up on this address */
227 /* A non-null unqualified address can be qualified if requested. Otherwise,
228 this is an error unless it's the empty address in circumstances where that is
231 if (pdomain == 0 && (*newparsed != 0 ||
232 (flag != rewrite_envfrom && flag != (rewrite_smtp|rewrite_smtp_sender))))
234 if (rule->flags & rewrite_qualify)
236 newparsed = rewrite_address_qualify(newparsed, TRUE);
237 new = string_sprintf("%.*s%s%.*s", start, new, newparsed,
238 Ustrlen(new) - end, new + end);
239 end = start + Ustrlen(newparsed);
243 log_write(0, LOG_MAIN|LOG_PANIC, "Rewrite of %s yielded unqualified "
244 "address \"%s\"", subject, new);
245 break; /* Give up on this address */
249 /* We have a validly rewritten address */
251 if (LOGGING(address_rewrite) || (debug_selector & D_rewrite) != 0)
253 const uschar *where = CUS"?";
255 for (int i = 0; i < where_list_size; i++)
256 if (flag == where_list[i].bit)
258 where = where_list[i].string;
261 log_write(L_address_rewrite,
262 LOG_MAIN, "\"%s\" from %s rewritten as \"%s\" by rule %d",
263 yield, where, new, rule_number);
266 /* A header will only actually be added if header_last is non-NULL,
267 i.e. during message reception or delivery, but add_header should not
268 be set TRUE during delivery, as otherwise multiple instances of the header
269 can fill up the -H file and make it embarrassingly large. We don't need
270 to set header_rewritten because the -H file always gets written at the end
271 of message reception. */
274 header_add(htype_old, "X-rewrote-%s: %s\n", name, subject);
276 /* Handle the case when replacement of the whole address is possible.
277 This happens only when whole is not NULL and we are rewriting a header.
278 If *whole is already TRUE it means that a previous rule had the w
279 flag set and so we must preserve the non-active portion of the current
280 subject unless the current rule also has the w flag set. */
282 if (whole && (flag & rewrite_all_headers))
284 /* Current rule has the w flag set. We must ensure the phrase parts
285 are syntactically valid if they are present. */
287 if (rule->flags & rewrite_whole)
289 if (start > 0 && new[start-1] == '<')
291 uschar *p1 = new + start - 1;
292 uschar *p2 = new + end + 1;
293 const uschar *pf1, *pf2;
295 while (p1 > new && p1[-1] == ' ') p1--;
296 pf1 = parse_fix_phrase(new, p1 - new);
297 while (*p2 == ' ') p2++;
298 pf2 = parse_fix_phrase(p2, Ustrlen(p2));
300 start = Ustrlen(pf1) + start + new - p1;
301 end = start + Ustrlen(newparsed);
302 new = string_sprintf("%s%.*s%s", pf1, (int)(p2 - p1), p1, pf2);
305 /* Now accept the whole thing */
314 /* Current rule does not have the w flag set; if not previously
315 done any whole rewriting, behave in non-whole manner. */
317 else if (!*whole) goto NEVER_WHOLE;
319 /* Current rule does not have the w flag set, but a previous
320 rule did rewrite the whole address. Thus yield and subject will be
321 different. Preserve the previous non-active part of the address. */
326 new = string_sprintf("%.*s%s%n%s",
327 yield_start, yield, subject, &end, yield + yield_end);
333 /* Rule just rewrites active part, or handling an envelope. This
334 code is obeyed only when all rules so far have not done "whole"
340 subject = yield = newparsed;
343 domain = NULL; /* Reset for next rule */
345 /* If no further rewrites are to be done, set the done flag. This allows
346 repeats of the current rule if configured before breaking the loop. */
348 if (rule->flags & rewrite_quit) done = TRUE;
350 /* Allow the current rule to be applied up to 10 times if
353 if (rule->flags & rewrite_repeat)
355 if (count++ < 10) goto REPEAT_RULE;
356 log_write(0, LOG_MAIN|LOG_PANIC, "rewrite rule repeat ignored after 10 "
361 /* Unset expansion numeric variables, and that's it. */
369 /*************************************************
370 * Ensure qualification and rewrite *
371 *************************************************/
373 /* This function is called for envelope addresses, the boolean specifying
374 whether a recipient or a sender. It must first of all ensure the address is
375 fully qualified, and then apply any relevant re-writing rules. The add-header
376 flag causes a header to be added, recording the old address. This is marked
377 "old", so that it is never transported anywhere; it exists for local checking
378 and debugging purposes.
381 s the address to be considered
382 is_recipient TRUE for recipient addresses; FALSE otherwise
383 add_header add "X-rewrote-xxx" header when rewriting; this is
384 set TRUE only for calls from the reception functions
385 rewrite_rules points to chain of rewrite rules
386 existflags bits indicating which headers there are rewrites for
387 (just an optimisation)
389 Returns: possibly rewritten address
393 rewrite_address(const uschar *s, BOOL is_recipient, BOOL add_header,
394 rewrite_rule *rewrite_rules, int existflags)
396 int flag = is_recipient ? rewrite_envto : rewrite_envfrom;
398 s = rewrite_address_qualify(s, is_recipient);
399 if (existflags & flag)
401 const uschar *new = rewrite_one(s, flag, NULL, add_header, is_recipient?
402 US"original-recipient" : US"sender", rewrite_rules);
403 if (new != s) s = new;
410 /*************************************************
411 * Qualify and possibly rewrite one header *
412 *************************************************/
414 /* This is called only from rewrite_header() below, either when reading a
415 message. or when routing, in order to rewrite addresses that get changed by a
416 router. This is normally the addition of full qualification to a partial
417 domain. The first rewriting rule in this case is "change routed_old into
418 routed_new", and it applies to all header lines that contain addresses. Then
419 header-specific rewriting rules are applied.
421 Before rewriting can be done, addresses without domains have to be qualified.
422 This should only be done for messages from "local" senders. This is a difficult
423 concept to pin down, what with the use of SMTP both as a submission and as a
424 transmission protocol. Exim normally requires incoming SMTP to contain fully-
425 qualified addresses, but there are options to permit unqualified ones from
426 certain hosts. For those hosts only, addresses in headers can also be
427 qualified. For other hosts, unqualified addresses in headers do not get touched
428 in any way. For locally sourced messages, unqualified addresses always get
429 qualified, except when -bnq is used to explicitly suppress this.
432 h pointer to header line block
433 flag indicates which header this is
434 routed_old if not NULL, this is a rewrite caused by a router, changing
435 this domain into routed_new
436 routed_new new routed domain if routed_old is not NULL
437 rewrite_rules points to chain of rewriting rules
438 existflags bits indicating which rewrites exist
439 replace if TRUE, insert the new header in the chain after the old
440 one, and mark the old one "replaced"
442 Returns: NULL if header unchanged; otherwise the rewritten header
446 rewrite_one_header(header_line *h, int flag,
447 const uschar *routed_old, const uschar *routed_new,
448 rewrite_rule *rewrite_rules, int existflags, BOOL replace)
451 header_line * newh = NULL;
452 rmark function_reset_point = store_mark();
453 uschar * s = Ustrchr(h->text, ':') + 1;
455 Uskip_whitespace(&s);
457 DEBUG(D_rewrite) /* The header text includes the trailing newline */
458 debug_printf_indent("rewrite_one_header: type=%c:\n %s", h->type, h->text);
460 f.parse_allow_group = TRUE; /* Allow group syntax */
462 /* Loop for multiple addresses in the header. We have to go through them all
463 in case any need qualifying, even if there's no rewriting. Pathological headers
464 may have thousands of addresses in them, so cause the store to be reset for
465 any that don't actually get rewritten. We also play silly games for those that
466 _are_ rewritten so as to avoid runaway store usage for these kinds of header.
467 We want to avoid keeping store for any intermediate versions. */
472 uschar * ss = parse_find_address_end(s, FALSE), * ss1 = ss;
473 uschar * recipient, * new;
474 rmark loop_reset_point = store_mark();
475 uschar * errmess = NULL;
476 BOOL changed = FALSE;
477 uschar terminator = *ss;
478 int start, end, domain;
480 /* If we hit the end of the header, trim trailing newline and whitespace */
484 while (ss1 > s && isspace(ss1[-1])) ss1--;
488 /* Temporarily terminate the string at this point, and extract the
489 operative address within. Then put back the terminator and prepare for
490 the next address, saving the start of the old one. */
493 recipient = parse_extract_address(s, &errmess, &start, &end, &domain, FALSE);
495 s = ss + (*ss ? 1 : 0);
496 Uskip_whitespace(&s);
498 /* There isn't much we can do for syntactic disasters at this stage.
499 Pro tem (possibly for ever) ignore them.
500 If we got nothing, then there was any sort of error: non-parsable address,
501 empty address, overlong addres. Sometimes the result matters, sometimes not.
502 It seems this function is called for *any* header we see. */
506 /* Log unparesable addresses in the header. Slightly ugly because a
507 null output from the extract can also result from a header without an
508 address, "To: undisclosed recpients:;" being the classic case. Ignore
509 this one and carry on. */
511 if (Ustrcmp(errmess, "empty address") != 0)
512 log_write(0, LOG_MAIN, "qualify/rewrite: %s", errmess);
514 loop_reset_point = store_reset(loop_reset_point);
518 /* If routed_old is not NULL, this is a rewrite caused by a router,
519 consisting of changing routed_old into routed_new, and applying to all
520 headers. If the header address has no domain, it is excluded, since a router
521 rewrite affects domains only. The new value should always be fully qualified,
522 but it may be something that has an explicit re-write rule set, so we need to
523 check the configured rules subsequently as well. (Example: there's an
524 explicit rewrite turning *.foo.com into foo.com, and an address is supplied
525 as abc@xyz, which the DNS lookup turns into abc@xyz.foo.com). However, if no
526 change is made here, don't bother carrying on. */
530 if (domain <= 0 || strcmpic(recipient+domain, routed_old) != 0) continue;
531 recipient[domain-1] = 0;
532 new = string_sprintf("%s@%s", recipient, routed_new);
535 recipient[domain-1] = '@';
536 debug_printf("%s rewritten by router as %s\n", recipient, new);
542 /* This is not a router-inspired rewrite. Ensure the address is fully
543 qualified if that is permitted. If an unqualified address was received
544 from a host that isn't listed, do not continue rewriting this address.
545 Sender, From or Reply-To headers are treated as senders, the rest as
546 recipients. This matters only when there are different qualify strings. */
551 (flag & (rewrite_sender | rewrite_from | rewrite_replyto)) == 0;
552 /* deconst ok as recipient was notconst */
553 new = US rewrite_address_qualify(recipient, is_recipient);
554 changed = (new != recipient);
557 /* Can only qualify if permitted; if not, no rewrite. */
559 if (changed && ((is_recipient && !f.allow_unqualified_recipient) ||
560 (!is_recipient && !f.allow_unqualified_sender)))
562 loop_reset_point = store_reset(loop_reset_point);
567 /* If there are rewrite rules for this type of header, apply
568 them. This test is just for efficiency, to save scanning the rules
569 in cases when nothing is going to change. If any rewrite rule had the
570 "whole" flag set, adjust the pointers so that the whole address gets
571 replaced, except possibly a final \n. */
573 if (existflags & flag)
576 /* deconst ok as recipient was notconst */
577 new = US rewrite_one(recipient, flag, &whole, FALSE, NULL, rewrite_rules);
578 if (new != recipient)
585 if (sprev[end-1] == '\n') end--;
590 /* If nothing has changed, lose all dynamic store obtained in this loop, and
591 move on to the next address. We can't reset to the function start store
592 point, because we may have a rewritten line from a previous time round the
596 loop_reset_point = store_reset(loop_reset_point);
598 /* If the address has changed, create a new header containing the
599 rewritten address. We do not need to set the chain pointers at this
600 stage. We want to avoid using more and more memory if the header is very long
601 and contains lots and lots of rewritten addresses. Therefore, we build the
602 new text string in malloc store, then at the end we reset dynamic store
603 before copying the new header to a new block (and then freeing the malloc
604 block). The header must end up in dynamic store so that it's freed at the end
605 of receiving a message. */
610 int newlen = Ustrlen(new);
611 int oldlen = end - start;
613 header_line * prev = newh ? newh : h;
614 uschar * newt = store_get_perm(prev->slen - oldlen + newlen + 4, GET_TAINTED);
615 uschar * newtstart = newt;
617 int type = prev->type;
618 int slen = prev->slen - oldlen + newlen;
620 /* Build the new header text by copying the old and putting in the
621 replacement. This process may make the header substantially longer
622 than it was before - qualification of a list of bare addresses can
623 often do this - so we stick in a newline after the re-written address
624 if it has increased in length and ends more than 40 characters in. In
625 fact, the code is not perfect, since it does not scan for existing
626 newlines in the header, but it doesn't seem worth going to that
627 amount of trouble. */
629 Ustrncpy(newt, prev->text, sprev - prev->text + start);
630 newt += sprev - prev->text + start;
634 remlen = s - (sprev + end);
637 Ustrncpy(newt, sprev + end, remlen);
642 /* Must check that there isn't a newline here anyway; in particular, there
643 will be one at the very end of the header, where we DON'T want to insert
644 another one! The pointer s has been skipped over white space, so just
645 look back to see if the last non-space-or-tab was a newline. */
647 if (newlen > oldlen && newt - newtstart - lastnewline > 40)
650 while (p >= prev->text && (*p == ' ' || *p == '\t')) p--;
653 lastnewline = newt - newtstart;
654 Ustrcat(newt, US"\n\t");
659 /* Finally, the remaining unprocessed addresses, if any. */
663 DEBUG(D_rewrite) debug_printf("newlen=%d newtype=%c newtext:\n%s",
664 slen, type, newtstart);
666 /* Compute the length of the rest of the header line before we possibly
667 flatten a previously rewritten copy. */
669 remlen = (s - prev->text) - oldlen + newlen;
671 /* We have the new text in a malloc block. That enables us to release all
672 the memory that has been used, back to the point at which the function was
673 entered. Then set up a new header in dynamic store. This will override a
674 rewritten copy from a previous time round this loop. */
676 store_reset(function_reset_point);
677 function_reset_point = store_mark();
678 newh = store_get(sizeof(header_line), GET_UNTAINTED);
681 newh->text = string_copyn(newtstart, slen);
683 /* Set up for scanning the rest of the header */
685 s = newh->text + remlen;
686 DEBUG(D_rewrite) debug_printf("remainder: %s", *s ? s : US"\n");
690 f.parse_allow_group = FALSE; /* Reset group flags */
691 f.parse_found_group = FALSE;
693 /* If a rewrite happened and "replace" is true, put the new header into the
694 chain following the old one, and mark the old one as replaced. */
698 newh->next = h->next;
699 if (!newh->next) header_last = newh;
710 /*************************************************
711 * Rewrite a header line *
712 *************************************************/
714 /* This function may be passed any old header line. It must detect those which
715 contain addresses, then then apply any rewriting rules that apply. If
716 routed_old is NULL, only the configured rewriting rules are consulted.
717 Otherwise, the rewriting rule is "change routed_old into routed_new", and it
718 applies to all header lines that contain addresses. Then header-specific
719 rewriting rules are applied.
721 The old header line is flagged as "old". Old headers are saved on the spool for
722 debugging but are never sent to any recipients.
725 h header line to rewrite
726 routed_old if not NULL, this is a rewrite caused by a router, changing
727 this domain into routed_new
728 routed_new new routed domain if routed_old is not NULL
729 rewrite_rules points to chain of rewrite rules
730 existflags bits indicating which rewrites exist
731 replace if TRUE, the new header is inserted into the header chain
732 after the old one, and the old one is marked replaced
734 Returns: NULL if header unchanged; otherwise the rewritten header
738 rewrite_header(header_line *h,
739 const uschar *routed_old, const uschar *routed_new,
740 rewrite_rule *rewrite_rules, int existflags, BOOL replace)
745 case htype_sender: flag = rewrite_sender; break;
746 case htype_from: flag = rewrite_from; break;
747 case htype_to: flag = rewrite_to; break;
748 case htype_cc: flag = rewrite_cc; break;
749 case htype_bcc: flag = rewrite_bcc; break;
750 case htype_reply_to: flag = rewrite_replyto; break;
751 default: return NULL;
753 return rewrite_one_header(h, flag, routed_old, routed_new,
754 rewrite_rules, existflags, replace);
759 /************************************************
760 * Test rewriting rules *
761 ************************************************/
763 /* Called from the mainline as a result of the -brw option. Test the
764 address for all possible cases.
766 Argument: the address to test
771 rewrite_test(const uschar *s)
773 uschar *recipient, *error;
774 int start, end, domain;
775 BOOL done_smtp = FALSE;
777 if (rewrite_existflags == 0)
779 printf("No rewrite rules are defined\n");
783 /* Do SMTP rewrite only if a rule with the S flag exists. Allow <> by
784 pretending it is a sender. */
786 if ((rewrite_existflags & rewrite_smtp) != 0)
788 const uschar * new = rewrite_one(s, rewrite_smtp|rewrite_smtp_sender, NULL,
789 FALSE, US"", global_rewrite_rules);
793 printf(" SMTP: <>\n");
795 printf(" SMTP: %s\n", new);
800 /* Do the other rewrites only if a rule without the S flag exists */
802 if ((rewrite_existflags & ~rewrite_smtp) == 0) return;
804 /* Qualify if necessary before extracting the address */
806 if (parse_find_at(s) == NULL)
807 s = string_sprintf("%s@%s", s, qualify_domain_recipient);
809 recipient = parse_extract_address(s, &error, &start, &end, &domain, FALSE);
814 printf("Syntax error in %s\n%c%s\n", s, toupper(error[0]), error+1);
818 for (int i = 0; i < 8; i++)
822 const uschar * new = rewrite_one(recipient, flag, &whole, FALSE, US"",
823 global_rewrite_rules);
824 printf("%s: ", rrname[i]);
827 else if (whole || (flag & rewrite_all_headers) == 0)
828 printf("%s\n", CS new);
829 else printf("%.*s%s%s\n", start, s, new, s+end);
833 /* End of rewrite.c */