Fix problem with maildir delivery into a folder that is excluded from
[exim.git] / doc / doc-txt / OptionLists.txt
1 $Cambridge: exim/doc/doc-txt/OptionLists.txt,v 1.19 2006/02/28 12:42:47 ph10 Exp $
2
3 LISTS OF EXIM OPTIONS
4 ---------------------
5
6 This file contains complete lists of four kinds of Exim option:
7
8   1. Those that can appear in the run time configuration file;
9   2. Those that can be used on the command line;
10   3. Those that can appear in the build time configuration (Local/Makefile);
11   4. Those that can appear in the build time configuration for the Exim monitor
12      (Local/eximon.conf).
13
14 This file was last updated for Exim release 4.61.
15
16
17 1. RUN TIME OPTIONS
18 -------------------
19
20 As Exim has developed, new options have been added at each major release. For
21 the most part, backwards compatibility has been maintained, and obsolete
22 options continue to be recognized. However, incompatible changes took place at
23 releases 3.00, and 4.00. In both cases, several groups of options were
24 amalgamated into new, extended options, and obsolete options were removed.
25
26 The table below contains a complete list of all Exim's current options, along
27 with their types, default values, and where they can be used. String options
28 that are expanded before use are marked with *. Host lists, domain lists, and
29 address lists are always expanded. In some cases the defaults are not fixed
30 values, or not short enough to fit in the table. These are indicated by +. Some
31 other default values are determined when the Exim binary is compiled; these are
32 indicated by ++.
33
34 For options that are specific to a particular driver, the fourth column
35 contains the driver name, for example, appendfile. Otherwise, it contains
36
37  . `main' for options that appear in the main section of Exim's configuration
38     file;
39
40  . `authenticators' for generic options that apply to any authenticator;
41
42  . `routers' for generic options that apply to any router;
43
44  . `transports' for generic options that apply to any transport.
45
46 The fifth column contains the version of Exim in which the option was added, or
47 substantially changed. Where no number is given, the option has been in Exim
48 since the very early releases. The routers were completely reorganised for
49 release 4.00, and so no router options are shown as earlier than 4.00, though
50 in fact some of them were inherited from earlier versions.
51
52 -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
53 accept_8bitmime                      boolean         false         main              1.60
54 acl_not_smtp                         string*         unset         main              4.11
55 acl_not_smtp_mime                    string*         unset         main              4.51 with content scan
56 acl_smtp_auth                        string*         unset         main              4.00
57 acl_smtp_connect                     string*         unset         main              4.11
58 acl_smtp_data                        string*         unset         main              4.00
59 acl_smtp_etrn                        string*         unset         main              4.00
60 acl_smtp_expn                        string*         unset         main              4.00
61 acl_smtp_helo                        string*         unset         main              4.20
62 acl_smtp_mail                        string*         unset         main              4.11
63 acl_smtp_mailauth                    string*         unset         main              4.21
64 acl_smtp_mime                        string*         unset         main              4.50 with content scan
65 acl_smtp_predata                     string*         unset         main              4.43
66 acl_smtp_quit                        string*         unset         main              4.43
67 acl_smtp_rcpt                        string*         unset         main              4.00
68 acl_smtp_starttls                    string*         unset         main              4.11
69 acl_smtp_vrfy                        string*         unset         main              4.00
70 address_data                         string*         unset         routers           4.00
71 address_test                         boolean         true          routers           4.14
72 admin_groups                         string list     unset         main              3.02
73 allow_domain_literals                boolean         false         main              4.00 replacing forbid_domain_literals
74 allow_commands                       string list*    unset         pipe              1.89
75 allow_defer                          boolean         false         redirect          4.00
76 allow_fail                           boolean         false         redirect          4.00
77 allow_filter                         boolean         false         redirect          4.00
78 allow_freeze                         boolean         false         redirect          4.00
79 allow_fifo                           boolean         false         appendfile        3.13
80 allow_localhost                      boolean         false         smtp              1.73
81 allow_mx_to_ip                       boolean         false         main              3.14
82 allow_symlink                        boolean         false         appendfile
83 allow_utf8_domains                   boolean         false         main              4.14
84 auth_advertise_hosts                 host list       "*"           main              4.00
85 authenticated_sender                 string*         unset         smtp              4.14
86 authenticated_sender_force           boolean         false         smtp              4.61
87 authenticate_hosts                   host list       unset         smtp              3.13
88 auto_thaw                            time            0s            main
89 av_scanner                           string*         +             main              4.50 with content scan
90 batch_id                             string          unset         appendfile        4.00
91                                                      unset         lmtp              4.00
92                                                      unset         pipe              4.00
93 batch_max                            integer         100           appendfile
94                                                      100           lmtp              3.20
95                                                      100           pipe
96 bcc                                  string*         unset         autoreply
97 bi_command                           string          unset         main
98 body_only                            boolean         false         transports        2.05
99 bounce_message_file                  string          unset         main              4.00
100 bounce_message_text                  string          unset         main              4.00
101 bounce_return_body                   boolean         true          main              4.23
102 bounce_return_message                boolean         true          main              4.00
103 bounce_return_size_limit             int             100K          main              4.23 better name for return_size_limit
104 bounce_sender_authentication         string          unset         main              4.00
105 callout_domain_negative_expire       time            3h            main              4.11
106 callout_domain_positive_expire       time            7d            main              4.11
107 callout_negative_expire              time            2h            main              4.11
108 callout_positive_expire              time            24h           main              4.11
109 callout_random_local_part            string*         +             main              4.11
110 cannot_route_message                 string*         unset         routers           4.11
111 caseful_local_part                   boolean         false         routers           4.00
112 cc                                   string*         unset         autoreply
113 check_ancestor                       boolean         false         redirect          4.00
114 check_group                          boolean         false         appendfile
115                                                      +             redirect          4.00
116 check_local_user                     boolean         false         routers           4.00
117 check_log_inodes                     integer         0             main
118 check_log_space                      integer         0             main
119 check_owner                          boolean         true          appendfile        3.14
120                                                      +             redirect          4.00
121 check_rfc2047_length                 boolean         true          main              4.60
122 check_secondary_mx                   boolean         false         dnslookup         4.00
123 check_spool_inodes                   integer         0             main
124 check_spool_space                    integer         0             main
125 check_string                         string          "From "       appendfile        3.03
126                                                      unset         pipe              3.03
127 check_srv                            string*         unset         dnslookup         4.31
128 client_ignore_invalid_base64         boolean         false         plaintext         4.61
129 client_name                          string*         +             cram_md5          3.10
130 client_secret                        string*         unset         cram_md5          3.10
131 client_send                          string*         unset         plaintext         3.10
132 command                              string*         unset         lmtp              3.20
133                                                      unset         pipe
134                                                      unset         queryprogram      4.00
135 command_group                        string          unset         queryprogram      4.00
136 command_timeout                      time            5m            smtp
137 command_user                         string          unset         queryprogram      4.00
138 condition                            string*         unset         routers           4.00
139 connect_timeout                      time            0s            smtp              1.60
140 connection_max_messages              integer         500           smtp              4.00 replaces batch_max
141 create_directory                     boolean         true          appendfile
142 create_file                          string          "anywhere"    appendfile
143 current_directory                    string          unset         transports        4.00
144                                                      unset         queryprogram      4.00
145 daemon_smtp_ports                    string          unset         main              1.75  pluralised in 4.21
146 daemon_startup_retries               int             9             main              4.52
147 daemon_startup_sleep                 time            30s           main              4.52
148 data                                 string          unset         redirect          4.00
149 data_timeout                         time            5m            smtp
150 debug_print                          string*         unset         authenticators    4.00
151                                                      unset         routers           4.00
152                                                      unset         transports        2.00
153 delay_after_cutoff                   boolean         true          smtp
154 delay_warning                        time list       24h           main
155 delay_warning_condition              string*         +             main              1.73
156 deliver_drop_privilege               boolean         false         main              4.00
157 deliver_queue_load_max               fixed-point     unset         main              1.70
158 delivery_date_add                    boolean         false         transports
159 delivery_date_remove                 boolean         true          main
160 directory                            string*         unset         appendfile
161 directory_mode                       octal-integer   0700          appendfile
162 directory_transport                  string*         unset         redirect          4.00
163 disable_ipv6                         boolean         false         main              4.61
164 disable_logging                      boolean         false         routers           4.11
165                                                      false         transports        4.11
166 dns_again_means_nonexist             domain list     unset         main              1.89
167 dns_check_names_pattern              string          +             main              2.11
168 dns_csa_search_limit                 integer         5             main              4.60
169 dns_csa_use_reverse                  boolean         true          main              4.60
170 dns_ipv4_lookup                      boolean         false         main              3.20
171 dns_qualify_single                   boolean         true          smtp
172 dns_retrans                          time            0s            main              1.60
173 dns_retry                            integer         0             main              1.60
174 dns_search_parents                   boolean         false         smtp
175 domains                              domain list     unset         routers           4.00
176 driver                               string          unset         authenticators
177                                                      unset         routers           4.00
178                                                      unset         transports
179 drop_cr                              boolean         false         main              4.00 became a no-op in 4.21
180 envelope_to_add                      boolean         false         transports
181 envelope_to_remove                   boolean         true          main
182 environment                          string*         unset         pipe              2.95
183 errors_copy                          string list*    unset         main
184 errors_reply_to                      string          unset         main
185 errors_to                            string*         unset         routers           4.00
186 escape_string                        string          ">From "      appendfile        3.03
187                                                      unset         pipe              3.03
188 exim_group                           string          ++            main
189 exim_path                            string          ++            main
190 exim_user                            string          ++            main
191 expn                                 boolean         true          routers
192 extra_local_interfaces               string          unset         main              4.21
193 extract_addresses_remove_arguments   boolean         true          main              1.92
194 fail_verify                          boolean         false         routers
195 fail_verify_recipient                boolean         false         routers           4.00
196 fail_verify_sender                   boolean         false         routers           4.00
197 fallback_hosts                       string list     unset         routers           4.00
198                                                      unset         smtp
199 file                                 string*         unset         appendfile
200                                                      unset         autoreply
201                                                      unset         redirect          4.00
202 file_expand                          boolean         false         autoreply
203 file_format                          string          unset         appendfile        3.03
204 file_must_exist                      boolean         false         appendfile
205 file_optional                        boolean         false         autoreply
206 file_transport                       string*         unset         redirect          4.00
207 final_timeout                        time            10m           smtp
208 finduser_retries                     integer         0             main
209 forbid_blackhole                     boolean         false         redirect          4.00
210 forbid_exim_filter                   boolean         false         redirect          4.44
211 forbid_fail                          boolean         false         redirect          4.00
212 forbid_file                          boolean         false         redirect          4.00
213 forbid_filter_existstest             boolean         false         redirect          4.00
214 forbid_filter_logwrite               boolean         false         redirect          4.00
215 forbid_filter_lookup                 boolean         false         redirect          4.00
216 forbid_filter_perl                   boolean         false         redirect          4.00
217 forbid_filter_readfile               boolean         false         redirect          4.00
218 forbid_filter_readsocket             boolean         false         redirect          4.11
219 forbid_filter_reply                  boolean         false         redirect          4.00
220 forbid_filter_run                    boolean         false         redirect          4.00
221 forbid_include                       boolean         false         redirect          4.00
222 forbid_pipe                          boolean         false         redirect          4.00
223 forbid_sieve_filter                  boolean         false         redirect          4.44
224 freeze_exec_fail                     boolean         false         pipe              1.89
225 freeze_tell                          boolean         false         main              4.00 replaces freeze_tell_mailmaster
226 from                                 string*         unset         autoreply
227 gecos_name                           string*         unset         main
228 gecos_pattern                        string          unset         main
229 gethostbyname                        boolean         false         smtp
230 group                                string          +             routers           4.00
231                                                      unset         transports        4.00 replaces local option in some transports
232 header_line_maxsize                  integer         0 (unset)     main              4.14
233 header_maxsize                       integer         1M            main              4.14
234 headers                              string*         unset         autoreply
235 headers_add                          string*         unset         routers           4.00
236                                                      unset         transports
237 headers_charset                      string          ++            main              4.21
238 headers_only                         boolean         false         transports        2.05
239 headers_remove                       string*         unset         routers           4.00
240                                                      unset         transports
241 headers_rewrite                      string          unset         transports        3.20
242 helo_accept_junk_hosts               host list       unset         main              3.00
243 helo_allow_chars                     string          ""            main              4.02
244 helo_lookup_domains                  domain list     unset         main              4.00
245 helo_data                            string*   "$primary_hostname" smtp              3.21
246 helo_try_verify_hosts                host list       unset         main              4.00
247 helo_verify_hosts                    host list       unset         main              1.73
248 hide_child_in_errmsg                                 false         redirect          4.00
249 hold_domains                         domain list     unset         main              1.70
250 home_directory                       string*         unset         transports        4.00 replaces individual options
251 host_find_failed                     string          "freeze"      manualroute       4.00
252 host_lookup                          host list       unset         main              3.00
253 host_lookup_order                    string list  "bydns:byaddr"   main              4.30
254 host_reject_connection               host list       unset         main              4.00
255 hosts                                string          unset         iplookup          4.00
256                                      string list*    unset         smtp
257 hosts_avoid_esmtp                    host list       unset         smtp              4.21
258 hosts_avoid_tls                      host list       unset         smtp              3.20
259 hosts_connection_nolog               host list       unset         main              4.43
260 hosts_max_try                        integer         5             smtp              3.20
261 hosts_max_try_hardlimit              integer         50            smtp              4.50
262 hosts_nopass_tls                     host list       unset         smtp              4.00
263 hosts_override                       boolean         false         smtp              2.11
264 hosts_randomize                      boolean         false         manualroute       4.00
265                                                      false         smtp              3.14
266 hosts_require_auth                   host list       unset         smtp              4.00
267 hosts_require_tls                    host list       unset         smtp              3.20
268 hosts_treat_as_local                 domain list     unset         main              1.95
269 hosts_try_auth                       host list       unset         smtp              4.00
270 ignore_bounce_errors_after           time            0s            main              4.00
271 ignore_eacces                        boolean         false         redirect          4.00
272 ignore_enotdir                       boolean         false         redirect          4.00
273 ignore_fromline_hosts                host list       unset         main
274 ignore_fromline_local                boolean         false         main              2.05
275 ignore_status                        boolean         false         pipe
276 ignore_target_hosts                  host list       unset         routers           4.00
277 include_directory                    string          unset         redirect          4.00
278 initgroups                                           false         routers           4.00
279 interface                            string list     unset         smtp              1.70
280 keep_malformed                       time            4d            main
281 keepalive                            boolean         true          smtp              2.05
282 ldap_default_servers                 string list     unset         main              3.02
283 ldap_version                         int             2 or 3        main              4.14
284 local_from_check                     boolean         true          main              3.14
285 local_from_prefix                    string          unset         main              3.14
286 local_from_suffix                    string          unset         main              3.14
287 local_interfaces                     string list     unset         main              1.60
288 local_part_prefix                    string          unset         routers           4.00 replaces prefix
289 local_part_prefix_optional           boolean         unset         routers           4.00 replaces prefix_optional
290 local_part_suffix                    string          unset         routers           4.00 replaces suffix
291 local_part_suffix_optional           boolean         unset         routers           4.00 replaces suffix_optional
292 local_parts                          string list*    unset         routers           4.00
293 local_scan_timeout                   time            5m            main              4.03
294 local_sender_retain                  boolean         false         main              4.00
295 localhost_number                     string          unset         main
296 lock_fcntl_timeout                   time            0s            appendfile        3.14
297 lock_flock_timeout                   time            0s            appendfile        4.11
298 lock_interval                        time            3s            appendfile
299 lock_retries                         integer         10            appendfile
300 lockfile_mode                        octal-integer   0600          appendfile
301 lockfile_timeout                     time            30m           appendfile
302 log                                  string*         unset         autoreply
303 log_as_local                         boolean         +             routers           4.00
304 log_file_path                        string list     ++            main
305 log_defer_output                     boolean         false         pipe              1.89
306 log_fail_output                      boolean         false         pipe              1.60
307 log_output                           boolean         false         pipe              1.60
308 log_selector                         string          unset         main              4.00
309 log_timezone                         boolean         false         main              4.11
310 lookup_open_max                      integer         25            main              2.05
311 mailbox_filecount                    string*         unset         appendfile        4.43
312 mailbox_size                         string*         unset         appendfile        4.43
313 maildir_format                       boolean         false         appendfile        1.70
314 maildir_retries                      integer         10            appendfile        1.70
315 maildir_tag                          string*         unset         appendfile        1.92
316 maildir_use_size_file                boolean         false         appendfile        4.30
317 mailstore_format                     boolean         false         appendfile        2.00
318 mailstore_prefix                     string*         unset         appendfile        2.00
319 mailstore_suffix                     string*         unset         appendfile        2.00
320 match_directory                      string*         unset         localuser
321 max_output                           integer         20K           pipe
322 max_rcpt                             integer         100           smtp              1.60
323 max_user_name_length                 integer         0             main
324 mbx_format                           boolean         false         appendfile        2.10
325 message_body_visible                 integer         500           main
326 message_id_header_domain             string*         unset         main              4.11
327 message_id_header_text               string*         unset         main
328 message_logs                         boolean         true          main              4.10
329 message_prefix                       string*         +             appendfile        4.00 replaces prefix
330                                      string*         unset         pipe              4.00 replaces prefix
331 message_size_limit                   integer         50M           main
332                                                      0             transports        2.05
333 message_suffix                       string*         +             appendfile        4.00 replaces suffix
334                                      string*         unset         pipe              4.00 replaces suffix
335 mode                                 octal-integer   0600          appendfile
336                                                      0600          autoreply
337 mode_fail_narrower                   boolean         true          appendfile        1.70
338 modemask                             octal-integer   022           redirect          4.00
339 more                                 boolean         true          routers           4.00
340 move_frozen_messages                 boolean         false         main              3.09
341 multi_domain                         boolean         true          smtp
342 mx_domains                           domain list     unset         dnslookup         4.00
343 mx_fail_domains                      domain list     unset         dnslookup         4.43
344 mysql_servers                        string list     unset         main              3.03
345 never_users                          string list     unset         main
346 notify_comsat                        boolean         false         appendfile
347 once                                 string*         unset         autoreply
348 once_file_size                       integer         0             autoreply         3.20
349 once_repeat                          time            0s            autoreply         2.95
350 one_time                             boolean         false         redirect          4.00
351 optional                             boolean         false         iplookup          4.00
352 oracle_servers                       string          unset         main              4.00
353 owners                               string list     unset         redirect          4.00
354 owngroups                            string list     unset         redirect          4.00
355 pass_on_timeout                      boolean         false         routers           4.00
356 pass_router                          string          unset         routers           4.00
357 path                                 string          "/usr/bin"    pipe
358 percent_hack_domains                 domain list     unset         main
359 perl_at_start                        boolean         false         main              2.10
360 perl_startup                         string          unset         main              2.10
361 pgsql_servers                        string list     unset         main              3.14
362 pid_file_path                        string          ++            main
363 pipe_as_creator                      boolean         false         pipe
364 pipe_transport                       string*         unset         redirect          4.00
365 pipelining_advertise_hosts           host list       "*"           main              4.14
366 port                                 integer         0             iplookup          4.00
367                                      string          "smtp"        smtp
368 preserve_message_logs                boolean         false         main
369 primary_hostname                     string          +             main
370 print_topbitchars                    boolean         false         main              1.89
371 process_log_path                     string          unset         main              4.21
372 prod_requires_admin                  boolean         true          main              1.70
373 protocol                             string          "udp"         iplookup          4.00
374                                      string          "smtp"        smtp              3.20
375 public_name                          string          unset         authenticators    3.10
376 qualify_domain                       string          +             main
377                                      string*         unset         redirect          4.31
378 qualify_preserve_domain              boolean         false         redirect          4.00
379 qualify_recipient                    string          +             main
380 qualify_single                       boolean         true          dnslookup         4.00
381 query                                string*         +             iplookup          4.00
382 queue_domains                        domain list     unset         main              4.00
383 queue_list_requires_admin            boolean         true          main              1.95
384 queue_only                           boolean         false         main
385 queue_only_file                      string          unset         main              2.05
386 queue_only_load                      fixed-point     unset         main
387 queue_only_override                  boolean         true          main              4.21
388 queue_run_in_order                   boolean         false         main              1.70
389 queue_run_max                        integer         5             main
390 queue_smtp_domains                   domain list     unset         main
391 quota                                string*         unset         appendfile        1.60
392 quota_directory                      string*         unset         appendfile        4.11
393 quota_filecount                      integer         0             appendfile        2.05
394 quota_is_inclusive                   boolean         true          appendfile        3.20
395 quota_size_regex                     string          unset         appendfile        3.14
396 quota_warn_message                   string*         +             appendfile        2.10
397 quota_warn_threshold                 string*         0             appendfile        2.10
398 rcpt_include_affixes                 boolean         false         transports        4.21
399 receive_timeout                      time            0s            main              4.00 replacing accept_timeout
400 received_header_text                 string*         +             main
401 received_headers_max                 integer         30            main
402 recipient_unqualified_hosts          host list       unset         main              4.00 replacing receiver_unqualified_hosts
403 recipients_max                       integer         0             main              1.60
404 recipients_max_reject                boolean         false         main              1.70
405 redirect_router                      string          unset         routers           4.00
406 remote_max_parallel                  integer         1             main
407 remote_sort_domains                  domain list     unset         main              4.00 replacing remote_sort
408 repeat_use                           boolean         true          redirect          4.00
409 reply_to                             string*         unset         autoreply         2.05
410 reply_transport                      string*         unset         redirect          4.00
411 require_files                        string list*    unset         routers           4.00
412 reroute                              string*         unset         iplookup          4.00
413 response_pattern                     string          unset         iplookup          4.00
414 restrict_to_path                     boolean         false         pipe
415 retry_data_expire                    time            7d            main              3.03
416 retry_include_ip_address             boolean         true          smtp              1.92
417 retry_interval_max                   time            24h           main
418 retry_use_local_part                 boolean         +             routers           4.00
419                                                      +             transports        4.00 replacing individual options
420 return_fail_output                   boolean         false         pipe              1.60
421 return_message                       boolean         false         autoreply
422 return_output                        boolean         false         pipe
423 return_path                          string*         unset         transports        2.05
424 return_path_add                      boolean         false         transports
425 return_path_remove                   boolean         true          main
426 return_size_limit                    integer         100K          main                   renamed bounce_return_size_limit in 4.23
427 rewrite                              boolean         true          redirect          4.00
428 rewrite_headers                      boolean         true          dnslookup         4.00
429 rfc1413_hosts                        host list       *             main
430 rfc1413_query_timeout                time            5s            main
431 router_home_directory                string*         unset         routers           4.11
432 route_data                           string*         unset         manualroute       4.00
433 route_list                           string list     unset         manualroute       4.00
434 same_domain_copy_routing             boolean         false         dnslookup         4.00
435 search_parents                       boolean         false         dnslookup         4.00
436 self                                 string          "freeze"      routers           4.00
437 sender_unqualified_hosts             host list       unset         main
438 senders                              address list    unset         routers           4.00
439 serialize_hosts                      host list       unset         smtp              1.60
440 server_advertise_condition           string*         unset         authenticators    4.14
441 server_condition                     string*         unset         plaintext         3.10
442 server_hostname                      string*   "$primary_hostname" cyrus_sasl        4.43
443 server_mail_auth_condition           string*         unset         authenticators    3.22
444 server_mech                          string          public_name   cyrus_sasl        4.43
445 server_prompts                       string*         unset         plaintext         3.10
446 server_realm                         string          unset         cyrus_sasl        4.43
447 server_secret                        string*         unset         cram_md5          3.10
448 server_service                       string          "smtp"        cyrus_sasl        4.43
449 server_set_id                        string*         unset         authenticators    3.10
450 shadow_condition                     string*         unset         transports
451 shadow_transport                     string          unset         transports
452 size_addition                        integer         1024          smtp              1.91
453 skip_syntax_errors                   boolean         false         redirect          4.00
454 smtp_accept_keepalive                boolean         true          main
455 smtp_accept_max                      integer         20            main
456 smtp_accept_max_nonmail              integer         10            main              4.11
457 smtp_accept_max_nonmail_hosts        host list       *             main              4.14
458 smtp_accept_max_per_connection       integer         1000          main              4.00
459 smtp_accept_max_per_host             integer         0             main              2.05
460 smtp_accept_queue                    integer         0             main
461 smtp_accept_queue_per_connection     integer         10            main              2.03
462 smtp_accept_reserve                  integer         0             main
463 smtp_active_hostname                 string*         unset         main              4.33
464 smtp_banner                          string*         +             main
465 smtp_check_spool_space               boolean         true          main              2.10
466 smtp_connect_backlog                 integer         5             main
467 smtp_enforce_sync                    boolean         true          main              4.00
468 smtp_etrn_command                    string*         unset         main              1.92
469 smtp_etrn_serialize                  boolean         true          main              1.89
470 smtp_load_reserve                    fixed-point     unset         main
471 smtp_max_synprot_errors              integer         3             main              4.30
472 smtp_max_unknown_commands            integer         3             main              4.14
473 smtp_ratelimit_hosts                 host list       unset         main              4.00
474 smtp_ratelimit_mail                  string          unset         main              4.00
475 smtp_ratelimit_rcpt                  string          unset         main              4.00
476 smtp_receive_timeout                 time            5m            main
477 smtp_reserve_hosts                   host list       unset         main
478 smtp_return_error_details            boolean         false         main              4.11
479 socket                               string*         unset         lmtp              4.11
480 spamd_address                        string          +             main              4.50 with content scan
481 split_spool_directory                boolean         false         main              1.70
482 spool_directory                      string          ++            main
483 sqlite_lock_timeout                  time            5s            main              4.53
484 srv_fail_domains                     domain list     unset         dnslookup         4.43
485 strip_excess_angle_brackets          boolean         false         main
486 strip_trailing_dot                   boolean         false         main
487 subject                              string*         unset         autoreply
488 syntax_errors_text                   string*         unset         redirect          4.00
489 syntax_errors_to                     string          unset         redirect          4.00
490 syslog_duplication                   boolean         true          main              4.21
491 syslog_facility                      string          unset         main              4.20
492 syslog_processname                   string          "exim"        main              4.20
493 syslog_timestamp                     boolean         true          main              4.00
494 system_filter                        string          unset         main              4.00 replacing message_filter
495 system_filter_directory_transport    string          unset         main              4.00 replacing message_filter
496 system_filter_file_transport         string          unset         main              4.00 replacing message_filter
497 system_filter_group                  string          unset         main              4.00 replacing message_filter
498 system_filter_pipe_transport         string          unset         main              4.00 replacing message_filter
499 system_filter_reply_transport        string          unset         main              4.00 replacing message_filter
500 system_filter_user                   string          unset         main              4.00 replacing message_filter
501 tcp_nodelay                          boolean         true          main              4.23
502                                                      true          smtp              4.23
503 temp_errors                          string list     +             pipe              1.95
504 text                                 string*         unset         autoreply
505 timeout                              time            5m            lmtp              3.20
506                                                      1h            pipe
507                                                      1h            queryprogram      4.00
508                                                      5s            iplookup          4.00
509 timeout_defer                        boolean         false         pipe              4.51
510 timeout_frozen_after                 time            0s            main              3.20
511 timezone                             string          +             main              3.15
512 tls_advertise_hosts                  host list       *             main              3.20
513 tls_certificate                      string*         unset         main              3.20
514                                                      unset         smtp              3.20
515 tls_dhparam                          string*         unset         main              3.20
516 tls_on_connect_ports                 string          unset         main              4.43
517 tls_privatekey                       string*         unset         main              3.20
518                                                      unset         smtp              3.20
519 tls_remember_emstp                   boolean         false         main              4.21
520 tls_require_ciphers                  string*         unset         smtp              4.00 replaces tls_verify_ciphers
521                                      string*         unset         main              4.33
522 tls_tempfail_tryclear                boolean         true          smtp              4.05
523 tls_try_verify_hosts                 host list       unset         main              4.00
524 tls_verify_certificates              string*         unset         main              3.20
525                                                      unset         smtp              3.20
526 tls_verify_hosts                     host list       unset         main              3.20
527 to                                   string*         unset         autoreply
528 translate_ip_address                 string          unset         routers           4.00
529 transport                            string*         unset         routers           4.00
530 transport_current_directory          string          unset         routers           4.00
531 transport_home_directory             string          unset         routers           4.00
532 transport_filter                     string          unset         transports
533 transport_filter_timeout             time            5m            transports        4.30
534 trusted_groups                       string list     unset         main
535 trusted_users                        string list     unset         main
536 umask                                octal-integer   022           pipe
537 unknown_login                        string          unset         main
538 unknown_username                     string          unset         main
539 unseen                               boolean         false         routers           4.00
540 untrusted_set_sender                 boolean         false         main              3.20
541 use_bsmtp                            boolean         false         appendfile        4.00
542                                                      false         pipe              4.00
543 use_crlf                             boolean         false         appendfile        1.89
544                                                      false         pipe              1.89
545 use_fcntl_lock                       boolean         +             appendfile        1.70
546 use_flock_lock                       boolean         +             appendfile        4.11
547 use_lockfile                         boolean         +             appendfile
548 use_mbx_lock                         boolean         +             appendfile        2.10
549 use_shell                            boolean         false         pipe              1.70
550 user                                 string          +             routers           4.00
551                                                      unset         transports        4.00 replaces individual options
552 uucp_from_pattern                    string          +             main              1.75
553 uucp_from_sender                     string*         "$1"          main              1.75
554 verify                               boolean         true          routers           4.00
555 verify_only                          boolean         false         routers           4.00
556 verify_recipient                     boolean         true          routers           4.00
557 verify_sender                        boolean         true          routers           4.00
558 warn_message_file                    string          unset         main              4.00
559 widen_domains                        string list     unset         dnslookup         4.00
560 write_rejectlog                      boolean         true          main              4.31
561
562
563
564 2. COMMAND LINE OPTIONS
565 -----------------------
566
567 The table below contains a complete list of all Exim's command line options.
568 Those marked with # are available only to trusted users, those marked with +
569 are available only to admin users, and those marked with * exist only to
570 provide compatibility with Sendmail.
571
572 --               Terminate options
573 --help           Give a little help (not a lot)
574 -B             * Ignored
575 -bd            + Start daemon
576 -bdf           + Start daemon and run it in the foreground
577 -be              Test string expansion
578 -bF              Test system filter file
579 -bf              Test user filter file
580 -bfd             Set domain for filter testing
581 -bfl             Set local part for filter testing
582 -bfp             Set local part prefix for filter testing
583 -bfs             Set local part suffix for filter testing
584 -bh              Test incoming SMTP call, omitting callouts
585 -bhc             Test incoming SMTP call, with callouts
586 -bi            * Run <command>bi_command</command>
587 -bm              Accept message on standard input
588 -bnq             Don't qualify addresses in locally submitted messages
589 -bP              Show configuration option settings
590 -bp            + List the queue
591 -bpa           + ... with generated addresses as well
592 -bpc           + ... but just show a count of messages
593 -bpr           + ... do not sort
594 -bpra          + ... with generated addresses, unsorted
595 -bpru          + ... only undelivered addresses, unsorted
596 -bpu           + ... only undelivered addresses
597 -brt             Test retry rules
598 -brw             Test rewriting rules
599 -bS              Read batch SMTP on standard input
600 -bs              Run SMTP on standard input and output
601 -bt              Test address directing and routing
602 -bV              Verify version number
603 -bv              Test recipient address verification
604 -bvs             Test sender address verification
605 -C             + Use alternate configuration file
606 -D             + Define macro for configuration file
607 -d             + Turn on debugging output
608 -dd            + Ditto, but if a daemon, not for subprocesses
609 -dropcr          Remove CR character in input: became a no-op in 4.21
610 -E               Internal use only
611 -ex            * Synonym for -oex (for several different x)
612 -F               Set calling user name
613 -f             # Set calling user address
614 -G             * Ignored
615 -h             * Ignored
616 -i               Dot does not terminate message
617 -M             + Force deliver specific message
618 -Mar           + Add recipient to message
619 -MC              Internal use only
620 -MCA             Internal use only
621 -MCP             Internal use only
622 -MCQ             Internal use only
623 -MCS             Internal use only
624 -MCT             Internal use only
625 -Mc            + Deliver specific message
626 -Mes           + Edit message sender
627 -Mf            + Freeze message(s)
628 -Mg            + Give up (bounce) message(s)
629 -Mmad          + Mark all recipients delivered
630 -Mmd           + Mark one recipient delivered
631 -Mrm           + Remove message(s) (no bounce)
632 -Mt            + Thaw message(s)
633 -Mvb           + View message body
634 -Mvh           + View message header
635 -Mvl           + View message log
636 -m             * Ignored
637 -N             + Deliver without transporting
638 -n             * Ignored
639 -O             * Ignored
640 -oA            * Supply argument for <option>-bi</option>
641 -oB              Set max messages down one connection
642 -odb             Background delivery
643 -odf             Foreground delivery
644 -odi             Foreground delivery
645 -odq             Queue message; do not deliver
646 -odqs            ... do not do SMTP deliveries
647 -oee             Error sent by mail; zero return code
648 -oem             Error sent by mail; non-zero return code
649 -oep             Error written to standard error stream
650 -oeq           * Error written to standard error stream
651 -oew           * Error sent by mail; non-zero return code
652 -oi              Dot does not terminate message
653 -oitrue        * Dot does not terminate message
654 -oMa           # Supply host address
655 -oMaa          # Supply authenticator name
656 -oMai          # Supply authenticated id
657 -oMas          # Supply authenticated sender
658 -oMi           # Supply interface address
659 -oMr           # Supply protocol name
660 -oMs           # Supply host name
661 -oMt           # Supply ident string
662 -om            * Ignored
663 -oo            * Ignored
664 -oP            * Specify path for daemon's pid file
665 -or              Timeout non-SMTP messages
666 -os              Timeout for SMTP messages
667 -ov            * Verbose; same as -v
668 -oX              Alternative port for daemon
669 -pd              Delay Perl interpreter start
670 -ps              Do not delay Perl interpreter start
671 -p<r>:<s>      * Same as -oMr <r> -oMs <s>
672 -q             + Run the queue                    )
673 -qf            + ... force delivery               ) Other combinations are
674 -qff           + ... and include frozen messages  ) possible. The syntax is
675 -qi            + ... initial deliveries only      )
676 -ql            + ... local deliveries only        )   -q[q][f][f][i|l][time]
677 -qq            + Two-stage queue run              )
678 -qR            * Same as -R
679 -qS            * Same as -S
680 -R               Select by recipient in queue run
681 -Rf              ... with forcing
682 -Rff             ... and frozen messages
683 -Rr              ... using regular expression
684 -Rrf             ... with forcing
685 -Rrff            ... and frozen messages
686 -r             * Synonym for -f
687 -S               Select by sender in queue run
688 -Sf              ... with forcing
689 -Sff             ... and frozen messages
690 -Sr              ... using regular expression
691 -Srf             ... with forcing
692 -Srff            ... and frozen messages
693 -Tqt           * Used by Exim test suite; not recognized in normal use
694 -t               Take recipients from header lines
695 -ti            * Same as -t -i
696 -tls-on-connect  Do TLS on startup (for legacy clients)
697 -U             * Ignored
698 -v               Verbose - shows SMTP dialogue and other delivery info
699 -x               Ignored (AIX compatibility)
700
701
702 3. BUILD TIME OPTIONS FOR EXIM
703 ------------------------------
704
705 The table below contains a complete list of options that can be set in
706 Local/Makefile when building Exim. More information about individual options
707 can be found in src/EDITME and OS/Makefile-Default.
708
709 The second column below gives the type of option:
710
711  . `system' means the option is concerned with the operating system;
712
713  . `driver' means the option selects a driver to be included in the binary;
714
715  . `lookup' means the option selects a lookuptype to be included in the binary;
716
717  . `mandatory' means the option is required to be supplied;
718
719  . `recommended' means the option is recommended to be supplied;
720
721  . `optional' means what it says;
722
723 Those marked with * are specialized and are unlikely to be required in most
724 installations. Those that are marked with ** are commonly set in OS-specific
725 Makefiles. If you use any of these in your Local/Makefile, you may need to
726 reproduce some of the OS-specific settings. For example, in the Makefile for
727 Solaris (which is actually called OS/Makefile-SunOS5), there is
728
729   LIBS=-lsocket -lnsl -lkstat
730
731 If you use LIBS to add extra libraries, you must also include the OS ones in
732 your setting. It is better, in this particular case, to use EXTRALIBS, which is
733 empty by default, and is provided for just this reason. Of course, if you do
734 actually want to modify a setting from the OS-specific file, there is nothing
735 to stop you overriding it in your Local/Makefile.
736
737 Option                       Type         Description
738 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
739
740 ACL_CVARS=20                 optional*    number of acl_c variables
741 ACL_MVARS=20                 optional*    number of acl_m variables
742 ALT_CONFIG_PREFIX            optional     restricts location of -C files
743 ALT_CONFIG_ROOT_ONLY         optional*    privileged -C needs root (not exim)
744 APPENDFILE_MODE              optional*
745 APPENDFILE_DIRECTORY_MODE    optional*
746 APPENDFILE_LOCKFILE_MODE     optional*
747 AR                           system       command to build a library
748 AUTH_CRAM_MD5                driver       include cram_md5 authenticator
749 AUTH_CYRUS_SASL              driver       include Cyrus SASL authenticator
750 AUTH_PLAINTEXT               driver       include plaintext authenticator
751 AUTH_SPA                     driver       include SPA (NTLM) authenticator
752 AUTH_VARS=3                  optional*    number of $auth variables
753 BASENAME_COMMAND             system**     path to basename
754 BASE_62=62                   optional*    not normally changed for Unix
755 BIN_DIRECTORY                mandatory    Exim binary directory
756 CC                           system**     C compiler
757 CFLAGS                       system**     flags for C compiler
758 CHGRP_COMMAND                system**     path to chgrp
759 CHOWN_COMMAND                system**     path to chown
760 COMPRESS_COMMAND             system       path to a compress command
761 COMPRESS_SUFFIX              system       suffix added to compressed files
762 CONFIGURE_FILE               mandatory    Exim runtime configuration file
763 CONFIGURE_FILE_USE_EUID      optional*
764 CONFIGURE_FILE_USE_NODE      optional*
765 CONFIGURE_GROUP              optional*    alternate group for configuration file
766 CONFIGURE_OWNER              optional*    alternate owner for configuration file
767 CYRUS_PWCHECK_SOCKET         optional     socket for pwcheck daemon
768 DBMLIB                       optional**   location of DBM library
769 DB_DIRECTORY_MODE            optional*    mode for hints directory
770 DB_LOCKFILE_MODE             optional*    mode for hints lock files
771 DB_LOCK_TIMEOUT              optional*    timeout for hints lock files
772 DB_MODE                      optional*    mode for hints files
773 DEFAULT_CRYPT                optional     use crypt16() as default
774 DELIVER_IN_BUFFER_SIZE       optional*
775 DELIVER_OUT_BUFFER_SIZE      optional*
776 DISABLE_D_OPTION             optional     disables -D option
777 ERRNO_QUOTA                  optional*    error code for system quota failures
778 EXICYCLOG_MAX                optional     number of old log files to keep
779 EXIMDB_DIRECTORY_MODE        optional*    for hints database directory
780 EXIMDB_LOCKFILE_MODE         optional*    for hints lock files
781 EXIMDB_MODE                  optional*    mode for hints files
782 EXIMON_TEXTPOP               system**
783 EXIM_CHMOD                   optional*
784 EXIM_GROUP                   mandatory    group to use for Exim
785 EXIM_MONITOR                 optional     set to eximon.bin to compile
786 EXIM_PERL                    optional
787 EXIM_USER                    mandatory    user to use for Exim
788 EXIWHAT_EGREP_ARG            system**     to find Exim processes from ps
789 EXIWHAT_KILL_SIGNAL          system**     -SIGUSER1 or numerical equivalent
790 EXIWHAT_MULTIKILL_CMD        system**
791 EXIWHAT_MULTIKILL_ARG        system**
792 EXIWHAT_PS_ARG               system**     to list all processes
793 EXIWHAT_PS_CMD               system**     path to ps command
794 EXTRALIBS                    system       additional libraries
795 EXTRALIBS_EXIM               system       additional libraries for Exim only
796 EXTRALIBS_EXIMON             system       additional libraries for the monitor
797 FIXED_NEVER_USERS            optional     can't override at runtime
798 HAVE_ICONV                   system       the iconv() function is available
799 HAVE_IPV6                    system       include IPv6 support
800 HEADERS_CHARSET              optional     charset for decoded header lines
801 HEADER_ADD_BUFFER_SIZE       optional*    buffer for header_add()
802 HEADER_MAXSIZE               optional*    max memory for message header
803 HOSTNAME_COMMAND             system**     path to hostname command
804 INCLUDE                      system       path to include files
805 INFO_DIRECTORY               optional     directory for Info documentation
806 INPUT_DIRECTORY_MODE         optional     mode for input directory
807 IPV6_INCLUDE                 system       additional includes for IPv6
808 IPV6_LIBS                    system       additional libraries for IPv6
809 LDAP_LIB_TYPE                optional     type of LDAP library
810 LFLAGS                       system**     link editor flags
811 LIBIDENTCFLAGS               system       C flags when compiling libident
812 LIBIDENTNAME                 system       name for libident library
813 LIBRESOLV                    system**     library for DNS resolver
814 LIBS                         system**     additional libraries
815 LIBS_EXIM                    system**     additional libraries for Exim ony
816 LIBS_EXIMON                  system**     additional libraries for monitor
817 LOCAL_SCAN_SOURCE            optional     location of local_scan() source
818 LOG_DIRECTORY_MODE           optional     mode for log directory
819 LOG_FILE_PATH                optional     path to log files
820 LOG_MODE                     optional     mode for log files
821 LOOKUP_CDB                   lookup       include cdb lookup
822 LOOKUP_DBM                   lookup       include dbm lookup
823 LOOKUP_DNSDB                 lookup       include dnsdb lookup
824 LOOKUP_DSEARCH               lookup       include dsearch lookup
825 LOOKUP_INCLUDE               lookup       include files for lookups
826 LOOKUP_LDAP                  lookup       include ldap lookup
827 LOOKUP_LIBS                  lookup       include libraries for lookups
828 LOOKUP_LSEARCH               lookup       include all lsearch lookups
829 LOOKUP_MYSQL                 lookup       include mysql lookup
830 LOOKUP_NIS                   lookup       include nis lookup
831 LOOKUP_NISPLUS               lookup       include nisplus lookup
832 LOOKUP_ORACLE                lookup       include oracle lookup
833 LOOKUP_PGSQL                 lookup       include pgsql lookup
834 LOOKUP_TESTDB                lookup*
835 LOOKUP_WHOSON                lookup       include whoson lookup
836 MAKE_SHELL                   optional*    shell to use for make
837 MAX_FILTER_SIZE              optional*    max file size for filter files
838 MAX_INCLUDE_SIZE             optional*    max file size for :include: files
839 MAX_LOCALHOST_NUMBER=256     optional*    for when localhost_number is set
840 MAX_NAMED_LIST               optional*    max named lists of a given type
841 MAX_INTERFACES               system       maximum network interfaces
842 MSGLOG_DIRECTORY_MODE        optional*    mode for message log directory
843 MV_COMMAND                   system       path to mv command
844 NO_SYMLINK                   optional     install doesn't make 'exim" symlink
845 PCRE_CFLAGS                  system       compile flags for PCRE library
846 PERL_CC                      system*      compiler for Perl interface code
847 PERL_CCOPTS                  system*      flags for same
848 PERL_COMMAND                 system       path to Perl
849 PERL_LIBS                    system*      library for compiling Perl interface
850 PID_FILE_PATH                optional     path to daemon's pid file
851 RADIUS_CONFIG_FILE           optional     path to Radius config file
852 RADIUS_LIB_TYPE              optional     type of RADIUS library
853 RANLIB                       system**     path to ranlib command
854 RM_COMMAND                   system       path to rm command
855 ROUTER_ACCEPT                driver       include accept router
856 ROUTER_DNSLOOKUP             driver       include dnslookup router
857 ROUTER_MANUALROUTE           driver       include manualroute router
858 ROUTER_IPLITERAL             driver       include ipliteral router
859 ROUTER_IPLOOKUP              driver       include iplookup router
860 ROUTER_REDIRECT              driver       include redirect router
861 ROUTER_QUERYPROGRAM          driver       include queryprogram router
862 SPOOL_DIRECTORY              recommended  path to spool directory
863 SPOOL_DIRECTORY_MODE         optional     mode of spool directory
864 SPOOL_MODE                   optional     mode of spool files
865 STRING_SPRINTF_BUFFER_SIZE   optional*    buffer for string_sprintf()
866 STRIP_COMMAND                optional*    can be used to strp binaries
867 SUPPORT_A6                   optional*    support A6 DNS records
868 SUPPORT_CRYPTEQ              optional     support crypteq (if no auths)
869 SUPPORT_MAILDIR              optional     support for maildir delivery
870 SUPPORT_MAILSTORE            optional     support for mailstore delivery
871 SUPPORT_MBX                  optional     support for MBX delivery
872 SUPPORT_MOVE_FROZEN_MESSAGES optional*    support for frozen message moving
873 SUPPORT_PAM                  optional     support for PAM authentication
874 SUPPORT_TLS                  optional     support for TLS encryption over SMTP
875 SUPPORT_TRANSLATE_IP_ADDRESS optional*    support for address translation
876 SYSLOG_LOG_PID               optional     add pid to syslog lines
877 SYSLOG_LONG_LINES            optional     do not split long syslog lines
878 SYSTEM_ALIASES_FILE          optional     defaults to /etc/aliases
879 TIMEZONE_DEFAULT             optional     default for timezone option
880 TLS_INCLUDE                  optional     path to include files for TLS
881 TLS_LIBS                     optional     additional libraries for TLS
882 TMPDIR                       system       value for TMPDIR environment variable
883 TRANSPORT_APPENDFILE         driver       include appendfile transport
884 TRANSPORT_AUTOREPLY          driver       include autoreply transport
885 TRANSPORT_LMTP               driver       include lmtp transport
886 TRANSPORT_PIPE               driver       include pipe transport
887 TRANSPORT_SMTP               driver       include smtp transport
888 USE_DB                       system**     use native DB interface
889 USE_GNUTLS                   optional     use GnuTLS instead of OpenSSL
890 USE_READLINE                 optional     try to load libreadline for -be
891 USE_TCP_WRAPPERS             system       link with tcpwrappers
892 USE_TDB                      optional     use the tdb DB interface
893 X11                          system**     X11 base directory
894 X11_LD_LIB                   system**     X11 link library
895 XINCLUDE                     system**     X11 include directory
896 XLFLAGS                      system**     X11 link time flags
897 ZCAT_COMMAND                 system       path to zcat command
898
899
900 4. BUILD TIME OPTIONS FOR EXIMON
901 --------------------------------
902
903 The table below contains a complete list of options that can be set in
904 Local/eximon.conf when building the Exim monitor. Where the default is shown as
905 ** it means that the text string is too long to fit in the table and is instead
906 given below. A blank default means that there is no default value.
907
908 ACTION_OUTPUT=no                          show output for every action
909 ACTION_QUEUE_UPDATE=yes                   update queue display after actions
910 BODY_MAX=20000                            maximum body display
911 DOMAIN=                                   domain to strip from window title
912 LOG_BUFFER=20K                            buffer for log tail
913 LOG_DEPTH=300                             depth of log subwindow
914 LOG_FONT=**                               font for log display
915 LOG_STRIPCHARTS=**                        patterns for stripcharts
916 LOG_WIDTH=950                             width of log subwindow
917 MENU_EVENT='Shift<Btn1Down>'              keypress for menu
918 MIN_HEIGHT=162                            minimum window height
919 MIN_WIDTH=103                             minimum window width
920 QUALIFY_DOMAIN=                           local domain to strip from addresses
921 QUEUE_DEPTH=200                           depth of queue subwindow
922 QUEUE_FONT=$LOG_FONT                      font for queue display
923 QUEUE_INTERVAL=300                        queue refresh interval
924 QUEUE_MAX_ADDRESSES=10                    max addresses to show in queue
925 QUEUE_STRIPCHART_NAME=queue               name for queue stripchart
926 QUEUE_WIDTH=950                           width of queue subwindow
927 SIZE_STRIPCHART=                          request partition size stripchart
928 SIZE_STRIPCHART_NAME=space                name for size stripchart
929 START_SMALL=no                            if yes, start with small window
930 STRIPCHART_INTERVAL=60                    stripchart refresh interval
931 TEXT_DEPTH=200                            depth of text windows
932 WINDOW_TITLE="${hostname} eximon"         window title
933
934 The default for LOG_FONT is
935
936   LOG_FONT=-misc-fixed-medium-r-normal-*-14-140-*-*-*-*-iso8859-1
937
938 and the default for LOG_STRIPCHARTS is
939
940   LOG_STRIPCHARTS='/ <= /in/
941                    / => /out/
942                    / => .+ R=local/local/
943                    / => .+ T=[^ ]*smtp/smtp/'
944
945 That is, there are four stripcharts, named in, out, local, and smtp. The first
946 counts message arrivals, the second counts all deliveries, the third counts
947 deliveries where the router's name starts with "local", and the fourth counts
948 deliveries where the transport name contains "smtp".
949
950 **** End of OptionLists ****