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4 <title>HOWTO - Using the RBL</title>
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8 <h1>HOWTO - Using the RBL</h1>
10 <p>The MAPS (Mail Abuse Protection System) RBL (Realtime Blackhole
11 List) is a means of identifying hosts that have been associated
12 with the sending of spam mail. A full description of the service
13 and the technology and ethics behind it can be found at <a
14 href="http://maps.vix.com/rbl/"><tt>http://maps.vix.com/rbl/</tt></a>
15 along with more general mail policy information at <a
16 href="http://maps.vix.com/"><tt>http://maps.vix.com/</tt></a>.</p>
18 <p>In the few years since MAPS started operating, other similar
19 services although with different aims, procedures and
20 reliabilities have been introduced - MAPS itself has a number of
21 these (ie MAPS/DUL which maintains lists of dial up modems), the
22 other major source is <a href="http:/www.orbs.org/">ORBS</a>,
23 which is a more proactive relay blocking service</p>
25 <p>Exim can use the MAPS RBL and/or any other similarly defined
26 service (ie you could make your own additional maps as well). To
27 use exim for this you need to be running version 1.80 or later,
28 the configuration example in this document are specifically for
29 version 3.00 and later - the old version of this document,
30 covering older versions of exim can be found <a
31 href="old_rbl.html">here</a>.</p>
33 <h2>Exim RBL Support</h2>
35 <p>Exim has supported RBL from version 1.80, although the
36 flexibility was increased (with a related change configuration
37 options) on the release of Exim 3.00</p>
39 <p>The exim RBL support allows one or more RBL systems to be
40 checked and messages from hosts within each RBL to be either
41 rejected or marked by the addition of an extra header
42 <tt>X-RBL-Warning:</tt>. It is also possible to have a limited
43 number of recipients bypass the RBL reject functions completely,
44 thus allowing postmaster (for example) to receive mail even from
45 an RBL blocked site.</p>
48 <h2>RBL Configuration Options</h2>
50 <p>These are fully detailed in the <a
51 href="../exim-html-3.10/doc/html/spec.html" target="_top">Exim
52 Specification Document</a>. The specific section on RBL is <a
53 href="../exim-html-3.10/doc/html/spec_43.html#SEC758">here</a> and
54 the rbl directives are documented starting <a
55 href="../exim-html-3.10/doc/html/spec_11.html#SEC299">here</a></p>
57 <p>A typical configuration would be a mail system which rejects
58 mail from machines that appear within the MAPS RBL list, and also
59 checks hosts in the ORBS lists but only marking each message has
60 coming via an RBLed host rather than rejecting them. Additionally
61 all mail to the local postmaster always gets through, even if the
62 host is in the MAPS RBL list. You also have a local private set
63 of IPs which relay out through this mail server on net
64 192.168.0.0/24 - these cannot be contacted from outside your
65 organisation so RBL is not an issue.</p>
67 <p>The configuration fragment (in the main part of the exim
68 configuration file) to do this is:-</p>
71 # reject messages whose sending host is in MAPS/RBL
72 # add warning to messages whose sending host is in ORBS
73 rbl_domains = rbl.maps.vix.com/reject : relays.orbs.org/warn
74 # check all hosts other than those on internal network
75 rbl_hosts = !192.168.0.0/24:0.0.0.0/24
76 # but allow mail to postmaster@my.dom.ain even from rejected host
77 recipients_reject_except = postmaster@my.dom.ain
78 # change some logging actions (collect more data)
79 rbl_log_headers # log headers of accepted RBLed messages
80 rbl_log_rcpt_count # log recipient info of accepted RBLed messages
83 <p>The information to do more complicated manipulations can be
84 found in the specification document and is outside the scope of
87 <address><a href="mailto:Postmaster@exim.org">Nigel Metheringham</a></address>
88 <!-- Created: Mon Aug 25 15:46:41 BST 1997 -->
89 <h4>$Id: rbl.html,v 1.3 2000/04/09 22:02:34 nigel Exp $</h4>