Cast empty string to zero for numerical comparions and treat all numbers

[users/jgh/exim.git] / doc / doc-txt / pcretest.txt

diff --git a/doc/doc-txt/pcretest.txt b/doc/doc-txt/pcretest.txt
index 384a6c38fb51fd8c8e79bfe2f7704d96f5af0f4a..dfa03b80bef6e0eb5e769f3cee0d08eaaacf7cb3 100644 (file)
--- a/doc/doc-txt/pcretest.txt
+++ b/doc/doc-txt/pcretest.txt
@@ -6,14 +6,13 @@ is built with Exim.
 PCRETEST(1)                                                        PCRETEST(1)
 
 
 PCRETEST(1)                                                        PCRETEST(1)
 
 

-

 NAME
        pcretest - a program for testing Perl-compatible regular expressions.
 
 NAME
        pcretest - a program for testing Perl-compatible regular expressions.
 

+

 SYNOPSIS
 
 SYNOPSIS
 

-       pcretest [-C] [-d] [-dfa] [-i] [-m] [-o osize] [-p] [-t] [source]
-            [destination]
+       pcretest [options] [source] [destination]

 
        pcretest  was written as a test program for the PCRE regular expression
        library itself, but it can also be used for experimenting with  regular
 
        pcretest  was written as a test program for the PCRE regular expression
        library itself, but it can also be used for experimenting with  regular


@@ -55,6 +54,12 @@ OPTIONS
                  per  API  is used to call PCRE. None of the other options has
                  any effect when -p is set.
 
                  per  API  is used to call PCRE. None of the other options has
                  any effect when -p is set.
 

+       -q        Do not output the version number of pcretest at the start  of
+                 execution.
+
+       -S size   On  Unix-like  systems,  set the size of the runtime stack to
+                 size megabytes.
+

        -t        Run each compile, study, and match many times with  a  timer,
                  and  output resulting time per compile or match (in millisec-
                  onds). Do not set -m with -t, because you will then  get  the
        -t        Run each compile, study, and match many times with  a  timer,
                  and  output resulting time per compile or match (in millisec-
                  onds). Do not set -m with -t, because you will then  get  the


@@ -76,53 +81,54 @@ DESCRIPTION
        ber of data lines to be matched against the pattern.
 
        Each  data line is matched separately and independently. If you want to
        ber of data lines to be matched against the pattern.
 
        Each  data line is matched separately and independently. If you want to

-       do multiple-line matches, you have to use the \n escape sequence  in  a
-       single  line  of  input  to  encode the newline characters. The maximum
-       length of data line is 30,000 characters.
+       do multi-line matches, you have to use the \n escape sequence (or \r or
+       \r\n,  depending  on  the newline setting) in a single line of input to
+       encode the newline characters. There is no limit on the length of  data
+       lines; the input buffer is automatically extended if it is too small.

 
 

-       An empty line signals the end of the data lines, at which point  a  new
-       regular  expression is read. The regular expressions are given enclosed
-       in any non-alphanumeric delimiters other than backslash, for example
+       An  empty  line signals the end of the data lines, at which point a new
+       regular expression is read. The regular expressions are given  enclosed
+       in any non-alphanumeric delimiters other than backslash, for example:

 
          /(a|bc)x+yz/
 
 
          /(a|bc)x+yz/
 

-       White space before the initial delimiter is ignored. A regular  expres-
-       sion  may be continued over several input lines, in which case the new-
-       line characters are included within it. It is possible to  include  the
+       White  space before the initial delimiter is ignored. A regular expres-
+       sion may be continued over several input lines, in which case the  new-
+       line  characters  are included within it. It is possible to include the

        delimiter within the pattern by escaping it, for example
 
          /abc\/def/
 
        delimiter within the pattern by escaping it, for example
 
          /abc\/def/
 

-       If  you  do  so, the escape and the delimiter form part of the pattern,
-       but since delimiters are always non-alphanumeric, this does not  affect
-       its  interpretation.   If the terminating delimiter is immediately fol-
+       If you do so, the escape and the delimiter form part  of  the  pattern,
+       but  since delimiters are always non-alphanumeric, this does not affect
+       its interpretation.  If the terminating delimiter is  immediately  fol-

        lowed by a backslash, for example,
 
          /abc/\
 
        lowed by a backslash, for example,
 
          /abc/\
 

-       then a backslash is added to the end of the pattern. This  is  done  to
-       provide  a  way of testing the error condition that arises if a pattern
+       then  a  backslash  is added to the end of the pattern. This is done to
+       provide a way of testing the error condition that arises if  a  pattern

        finishes with a backslash, because
 
          /abc\/
 
        finishes with a backslash, because
 
          /abc\/
 

-       is interpreted as the first line of a pattern that starts with  "abc/",
+       is  interpreted as the first line of a pattern that starts with "abc/",

        causing pcretest to read the next line as a continuation of the regular
        expression.
 
 
 PATTERN MODIFIERS
 
        causing pcretest to read the next line as a continuation of the regular
        expression.
 
 
 PATTERN MODIFIERS
 

-       A pattern may be followed by any number of modifiers, which are  mostly
-       single  characters.  Following  Perl usage, these are referred to below
-       as, for example, "the /i modifier", even though the  delimiter  of  the
-       pattern  need  not always be a slash, and no slash is used when writing
-       modifiers. Whitespace may appear between the  final  pattern  delimiter
+       A  pattern may be followed by any number of modifiers, which are mostly
+       single characters. Following Perl usage, these are  referred  to  below
+       as,  for  example,  "the /i modifier", even though the delimiter of the
+       pattern need not always be a slash, and no slash is used  when  writing
+       modifiers.  Whitespace  may  appear between the final pattern delimiter

        and the first modifier, and between the modifiers themselves.
 
        The /i, /m, /s, and /x modifiers set the PCRE_CASELESS, PCRE_MULTILINE,
        and the first modifier, and between the modifiers themselves.
 
        The /i, /m, /s, and /x modifiers set the PCRE_CASELESS, PCRE_MULTILINE,

-       PCRE_DOTALL, or PCRE_EXTENDED  options,  respectively,  when  pcre_com-
-       pile()  is  called. These four modifier letters have the same effect as
+       PCRE_DOTALL,  or  PCRE_EXTENDED  options,  respectively, when pcre_com-
+       pile() is called. These four modifier letters have the same  effect  as

        they do in Perl. For example:
 
          /caseless/i
        they do in Perl. For example:
 
          /caseless/i


@@ -130,99 +136,111 @@ PATTERN MODIFIERS
        The following table shows additional modifiers for setting PCRE options
        that do not correspond to anything in Perl:
 
        The following table shows additional modifiers for setting PCRE options
        that do not correspond to anything in Perl:
 

-         /A    PCRE_ANCHORED
-         /C    PCRE_AUTO_CALLOUT
-         /E    PCRE_DOLLAR_ENDONLY
-         /f    PCRE_FIRSTLINE
-         /N    PCRE_NO_AUTO_CAPTURE
-         /U    PCRE_UNGREEDY
-         /X    PCRE_EXTRA
-
-       Searching  for  all  possible matches within each subject string can be
-       requested by the /g or /G modifier. After  finding  a  match,  PCRE  is
+         /A       PCRE_ANCHORED
+         /C       PCRE_AUTO_CALLOUT
+         /E       PCRE_DOLLAR_ENDONLY
+         /f       PCRE_FIRSTLINE
+         /J       PCRE_DUPNAMES
+         /N       PCRE_NO_AUTO_CAPTURE
+         /U       PCRE_UNGREEDY
+         /X       PCRE_EXTRA
+         /<cr>    PCRE_NEWLINE_CR
+         /<lf>    PCRE_NEWLINE_LF
+         /<crlf>  PCRE_NEWLINE_CRLF
+
+       Those specifying line endings are literal strings as shown. Details  of
+       the  meanings of these PCRE options are given in the pcreapi documenta-
+       tion.
+
+   Finding all matches in a string
+
+       Searching for all possible matches within each subject  string  can  be
+       requested  by  the  /g  or  /G modifier. After finding a match, PCRE is

        called again to search the remainder of the subject string. The differ-
        ence between /g and /G is that the former uses the startoffset argument
        called again to search the remainder of the subject string. The differ-
        ence between /g and /G is that the former uses the startoffset argument

-       to  pcre_exec()  to  start  searching  at a new point within the entire
-       string (which is in effect what Perl does), whereas the  latter  passes
-       over  a  shortened  substring.  This makes a difference to the matching
+       to pcre_exec() to start searching at a  new  point  within  the  entire
+       string  (which  is in effect what Perl does), whereas the latter passes
+       over a shortened substring. This makes a  difference  to  the  matching

        process if the pattern begins with a lookbehind assertion (including \b
        or \B).
 
        process if the pattern begins with a lookbehind assertion (including \b
        or \B).
 

-       If  any  call  to  pcre_exec()  in a /g or /G sequence matches an empty
-       string, the next call is done with the PCRE_NOTEMPTY and  PCRE_ANCHORED
-       flags  set in order to search for another, non-empty, match at the same
-       point.  If this second match fails, the start  offset  is  advanced  by
-       one,  and  the normal match is retried. This imitates the way Perl han-
+       If any call to pcre_exec() in a /g or  /G  sequence  matches  an  empty
+       string,  the next call is done with the PCRE_NOTEMPTY and PCRE_ANCHORED
+       flags set in order to search for another, non-empty, match at the  same
+       point.   If  this  second  match fails, the start offset is advanced by
+       one, and the normal match is retried. This imitates the way  Perl  han-

        dles such cases when using the /g modifier or the split() function.
 
        dles such cases when using the /g modifier or the split() function.
 

+   Other modifiers
+

        There are yet more modifiers for controlling the way pcretest operates.
 
        There are yet more modifiers for controlling the way pcretest operates.
 

-       The  /+ modifier requests that as well as outputting the substring that
-       matched the entire pattern, pcretest  should  in  addition  output  the
-       remainder  of  the  subject  string. This is useful for tests where the
+       The /+ modifier requests that as well as outputting the substring  that
+       matched  the  entire  pattern,  pcretest  should in addition output the
+       remainder of the subject string. This is useful  for  tests  where  the

        subject contains multiple copies of the same substring.
 
        subject contains multiple copies of the same substring.
 

-       The /L modifier must be followed directly by the name of a locale,  for
+       The  /L modifier must be followed directly by the name of a locale, for

        example,
 
          /pattern/Lfr_FR
 
        For this reason, it must be the last modifier. The given locale is set,
        example,
 
          /pattern/Lfr_FR
 
        For this reason, it must be the last modifier. The given locale is set,

-       pcre_maketables() is called to build a set of character tables for  the
-       locale,  and  this  is then passed to pcre_compile() when compiling the
-       regular expression. Without an /L  modifier,  NULL  is  passed  as  the
-       tables  pointer; that is, /L applies only to the expression on which it
+       pcre_maketables()  is called to build a set of character tables for the
+       locale, and this is then passed to pcre_compile()  when  compiling  the
+       regular  expression.  Without  an  /L  modifier,  NULL is passed as the
+       tables pointer; that is, /L applies only to the expression on which  it

        appears.
 
        appears.
 

-       The /I modifier requests that pcretest  output  information  about  the
-       compiled  pattern (whether it is anchored, has a fixed first character,
-       and so on). It does this by calling pcre_fullinfo() after  compiling  a
-       pattern.  If  the pattern is studied, the results of that are also out-
+       The  /I  modifier  requests  that pcretest output information about the
+       compiled pattern (whether it is anchored, has a fixed first  character,
+       and  so  on). It does this by calling pcre_fullinfo() after compiling a
+       pattern. If the pattern is studied, the results of that are  also  out-

        put.
 
        The /D modifier is a PCRE debugging feature, which also assumes /I.  It
        put.
 
        The /D modifier is a PCRE debugging feature, which also assumes /I.  It

-       causes  the  internal form of compiled regular expressions to be output
+       causes the internal form of compiled regular expressions to  be  output

        after compilation. If the pattern was studied, the information returned
        is also output.
 
        The /F modifier causes pcretest to flip the byte order of the fields in
        after compilation. If the pattern was studied, the information returned
        is also output.
 
        The /F modifier causes pcretest to flip the byte order of the fields in

-       the compiled pattern that  contain  2-byte  and  4-byte  numbers.  This
-       facility  is  for testing the feature in PCRE that allows it to execute
+       the  compiled  pattern  that  contain  2-byte  and 4-byte numbers. This
+       facility is for testing the feature in PCRE that allows it  to  execute

        patterns that were compiled on a host with a different endianness. This
        patterns that were compiled on a host with a different endianness. This

-       feature  is  not  available  when  the POSIX interface to PCRE is being
-       used, that is, when the /P pattern modifier is specified. See also  the
+       feature is not available when the POSIX  interface  to  PCRE  is  being
+       used,  that is, when the /P pattern modifier is specified. See also the

        section about saving and reloading compiled patterns below.
 
        section about saving and reloading compiled patterns below.
 

-       The  /S  modifier causes pcre_study() to be called after the expression
+       The /S modifier causes pcre_study() to be called after  the  expression

        has been compiled, and the results used when the expression is matched.
 
        has been compiled, and the results used when the expression is matched.
 

-       The  /M  modifier causes the size of memory block used to hold the com-
+       The /M modifier causes the size of memory block used to hold  the  com-

        piled pattern to be output.
 
        piled pattern to be output.
 

-       The /P modifier causes pcretest to call PCRE via the POSIX wrapper  API
-       rather  than  its  native  API.  When this is done, all other modifiers
-       except /i, /m, and /+ are ignored. REG_ICASE is set if /i  is  present,
-       and  REG_NEWLINE  is  set if /m is present. The wrapper functions force
-       PCRE_DOLLAR_ENDONLY always, and PCRE_DOTALL unless REG_NEWLINE is  set.
+       The  /P modifier causes pcretest to call PCRE via the POSIX wrapper API
+       rather than its native API. When this  is  done,  all  other  modifiers
+       except  /i,  /m, and /+ are ignored. REG_ICASE is set if /i is present,
+       and REG_NEWLINE is set if /m is present. The  wrapper  functions  force
+       PCRE_DOLLAR_ENDONLY  always, and PCRE_DOTALL unless REG_NEWLINE is set.

 
 

-       The  /8 modifier causes pcretest to call PCRE with the PCRE_UTF8 option
-       set. This turns on support for UTF-8 character handling in  PCRE,  pro-
-       vided  that  it  was  compiled with this support enabled. This modifier
+       The /8 modifier causes pcretest to call PCRE with the PCRE_UTF8  option
+       set.  This  turns on support for UTF-8 character handling in PCRE, pro-
+       vided that it was compiled with this  support  enabled.  This  modifier

        also causes any non-printing characters in output strings to be printed
        using the \x{hh...} notation if they are valid UTF-8 sequences.
 
        also causes any non-printing characters in output strings to be printed
        using the \x{hh...} notation if they are valid UTF-8 sequences.
 

-       If  the  /?  modifier  is  used  with  /8,  it  causes pcretest to call
-       pcre_compile() with the  PCRE_NO_UTF8_CHECK  option,  to  suppress  the
+       If the /? modifier  is  used  with  /8,  it  causes  pcretest  to  call
+       pcre_compile()  with  the  PCRE_NO_UTF8_CHECK  option,  to suppress the

        checking of the string for UTF-8 validity.
 
 
 DATA LINES
 
        checking of the string for UTF-8 validity.
 
 
 DATA LINES
 

-       Before  each  data  line is passed to pcre_exec(), leading and trailing
-       whitespace is removed, and it is then scanned for \  escapes.  Some  of
-       these  are  pretty esoteric features, intended for checking out some of
-       the more complicated features of PCRE. If you are just  testing  "ordi-
-       nary"  regular  expressions,  you probably don't need any of these. The
+       Before each data line is passed to pcre_exec(),  leading  and  trailing
+       whitespace  is  removed,  and it is then scanned for \ escapes. Some of
+       these are pretty esoteric features, intended for checking out  some  of
+       the  more  complicated features of PCRE. If you are just testing "ordi-
+       nary" regular expressions, you probably don't need any  of  these.  The

        following escapes are recognized:
 
          \a         alarm (= BEL)
        following escapes are recognized:
 
          \a         alarm (= BEL)


@@ -230,6 +248,8 @@ DATA LINES
          \e         escape
          \f         formfeed
          \n         newline
          \e         escape
          \f         formfeed
          \n         newline

+         \qdd       set the PCRE_MATCH_LIMIT limit to dd
+                      (any number of digits)

          \r         carriage return
          \t         tab
          \v         vertical tab
          \r         carriage return
          \t         tab
          \v         vertical tab


@@ -238,7 +258,9 @@ DATA LINES
          \x{hh...}  hexadecimal character, any number of digits
                       in UTF-8 mode
          \A         pass the PCRE_ANCHORED option to pcre_exec()
          \x{hh...}  hexadecimal character, any number of digits
                       in UTF-8 mode
          \A         pass the PCRE_ANCHORED option to pcre_exec()

+                      or pcre_dfa_exec()

          \B         pass the PCRE_NOTBOL option to pcre_exec()
          \B         pass the PCRE_NOTBOL option to pcre_exec()

+                      or pcre_dfa_exec()

          \Cdd       call pcre_copy_substring() for substring dd
                       after a successful match (number less than 32)
          \Cname     call pcre_copy_named_substring() for substring
          \Cdd       call pcre_copy_substring() for substring dd
                       after a successful match (number less than 32)
          \Cname     call pcre_copy_named_substring() for substring


@@ -262,41 +284,58 @@ DATA LINES
                       ated by next non-alphanumeric character)
          \L         call pcre_get_substringlist() after a
                       successful match
                       ated by next non-alphanumeric character)
          \L         call pcre_get_substringlist() after a
                       successful match

-         \M         discover the minimum MATCH_LIMIT setting
+         \M         discover the minimum MATCH_LIMIT and
+                      MATCH_LIMIT_RECURSION settings

          \N         pass the PCRE_NOTEMPTY option to pcre_exec()
          \N         pass the PCRE_NOTEMPTY option to pcre_exec()

+                      or pcre_dfa_exec()

          \Odd       set the size of the output vector passed to
                       pcre_exec() to dd (any number of digits)
          \P         pass the PCRE_PARTIAL option to pcre_exec()
                       or pcre_dfa_exec()
          \Odd       set the size of the output vector passed to
                       pcre_exec() to dd (any number of digits)
          \P         pass the PCRE_PARTIAL option to pcre_exec()
                       or pcre_dfa_exec()

+         \Qdd       set the PCRE_MATCH_LIMIT_RECURSION limit to dd
+                      (any number of digits)

          \R         pass the PCRE_DFA_RESTART option to pcre_dfa_exec()
          \S         output details of memory get/free calls during matching
          \Z         pass the PCRE_NOTEOL option to pcre_exec()
          \R         pass the PCRE_DFA_RESTART option to pcre_dfa_exec()
          \S         output details of memory get/free calls during matching
          \Z         pass the PCRE_NOTEOL option to pcre_exec()

+                      or pcre_dfa_exec()

          \?         pass the PCRE_NO_UTF8_CHECK option to
          \?         pass the PCRE_NO_UTF8_CHECK option to

-                      pcre_exec()
+                      pcre_exec() or pcre_dfa_exec()

          \>dd       start the match at offset dd (any number of digits);
                       this sets the startoffset argument for pcre_exec()
          \>dd       start the match at offset dd (any number of digits);
                       this sets the startoffset argument for pcre_exec()

+                      or pcre_dfa_exec()
+         \<cr>      pass the PCRE_NEWLINE_CR option to pcre_exec()
+                      or pcre_dfa_exec()
+         \<lf>      pass the PCRE_NEWLINE_LF option to pcre_exec()
+                      or pcre_dfa_exec()
+         \<crlf>    pass the PCRE_NEWLINE_CRLF option to pcre_exec()
+                      or pcre_dfa_exec()

 
 

-       A backslash followed by anything else just escapes the  anything  else.
-       If  the very last character is a backslash, it is ignored. This gives a
-       way of passing an empty line as data, since a real  empty  line  termi-
-       nates the data input.
+       The  escapes  that specify line endings are literal strings, exactly as
+       shown.  A backslash followed by anything else just escapes the anything
+       else.  If  the  very last character is a backslash, it is ignored. This
+       gives a way of passing an empty line as data, since a real  empty  line
+       terminates the data input.

 
        If  \M  is present, pcretest calls pcre_exec() several times, with dif-
 
        If  \M  is present, pcretest calls pcre_exec() several times, with dif-

-       ferent values in the match_limit field of the  pcre_extra  data  struc-
-       ture,  until it finds the minimum number that is needed for pcre_exec()
-       to complete. This number is a measure of the amount  of  recursion  and
-       backtracking  that takes place, and checking it out can be instructive.
-       For most simple matches, the number is quite small,  but  for  patterns
-       with  very large numbers of matching possibilities, it can become large
-       very quickly with increasing length of subject string.
-
-       When \O is used, the value specified may be higher or  lower  than  the
+       ferent values in the match_limit and  match_limit_recursion  fields  of
+       the  pcre_extra  data structure, until it finds the minimum numbers for
+       each parameter that allow pcre_exec() to complete. The match_limit num-
+       ber  is  a  measure of the amount of backtracking that takes place, and
+       checking it out can be instructive. For most simple matches, the number
+       is  quite  small,  but for patterns with very large numbers of matching
+       possibilities, it can become large very quickly with increasing  length
+       of subject string. The match_limit_recursion number is a measure of how
+       much stack (or, if PCRE is compiled with  NO_RECURSE,  how  much  heap)
+       memory is needed to complete the match attempt.
+
+       When  \O  is  used, the value specified may be higher or lower than the

        size set by the -O command line option (or defaulted to 45); \O applies
        only to the call of pcre_exec() for the line in which it appears.
 
        size set by the -O command line option (or defaulted to 45); \O applies
        only to the call of pcre_exec() for the line in which it appears.
 

-       If the /P modifier was present on the pattern, causing the POSIX  wrap-
-       per  API to be used, only \B and \Z have any effect, causing REG_NOTBOL
-       and REG_NOTEOL to be passed to regexec() respectively.
+       If  the /P modifier was present on the pattern, causing the POSIX wrap-
+       per API to be used, the only option-setting  sequences  that  have  any
+       effect  are \B and \Z, causing REG_NOTBOL and REG_NOTEOL, respectively,
+       to be passed to regexec().

 
        The use of \x{hh...} to represent UTF-8 characters is not dependent  on
        the  use  of  the  /8 modifier on the pattern. It is recognized always.
 
        The use of \x{hh...} to represent UTF-8 characters is not dependent  on
        the  use  of  the  /8 modifier on the pattern. It is recognized always.


@@ -375,14 +414,15 @@ DEFAULT OUTPUT FROM PCRETEST
 
        Note that while patterns can be continued over several lines  (a  plain
        ">" prompt is used for continuations), data lines may not. However new-
 
        Note that while patterns can be continued over several lines  (a  plain
        ">" prompt is used for continuations), data lines may not. However new-

-       lines can be included in data by means of the \n escape.
+       lines can be included in data by means of the \n escape (or \r or  \r\n
+       for those newline settings).

 
 
 OUTPUT FROM THE ALTERNATIVE MATCHING FUNCTION
 
 
 
 OUTPUT FROM THE ALTERNATIVE MATCHING FUNCTION
 

-       When the alternative matching function, pcre_dfa_exec(),  is  used  (by
-       means  of  the \D escape sequence or the -dfa command line option), the
-       output consists of a list of all the matches that start  at  the  first
+       When  the  alternative  matching function, pcre_dfa_exec(), is used (by
+       means of the \D escape sequence or the -dfa command line  option),  the
+       output  consists  of  a list of all the matches that start at the first

        point in the subject where there is at least one match. For example:
 
            re> /(tang|tangerine|tan)/
        point in the subject where there is at least one match. For example:
 
            re> /(tang|tangerine|tan)/


@@ -391,10 +431,10 @@ OUTPUT FROM THE ALTERNATIVE MATCHING FUNCTION
           1: tang
           2: tan
 
           1: tang
           2: tan
 

-       (Using  the  normal  matching function on this data finds only "tang".)
-       The longest matching string is always given first (and numbered  zero).
+       (Using the normal matching function on this data  finds  only  "tang".)
+       The  longest matching string is always given first (and numbered zero).

 
 

-       If  /gP  is  present  on  the  pattern,  the search for further matches
+       If /gP is present on  the  pattern,  the  search  for  further  matches

        resumes at the end of the longest match. For example:
 
            re> /(tang|tangerine|tan)/g
        resumes at the end of the longest match. For example:
 
            re> /(tang|tangerine|tan)/g


@@ -406,16 +446,16 @@ OUTPUT FROM THE ALTERNATIVE MATCHING FUNCTION
           1: tan
           0: tan
 
           1: tan
           0: tan
 

-       Since the matching function does not  support  substring  capture,  the
-       escape  sequences  that  are concerned with captured substrings are not
+       Since  the  matching  function  does not support substring capture, the
+       escape sequences that are concerned with captured  substrings  are  not

        relevant.
 
 
 RESTARTING AFTER A PARTIAL MATCH
 
        When the alternative matching function has given the PCRE_ERROR_PARTIAL
        relevant.
 
 
 RESTARTING AFTER A PARTIAL MATCH
 
        When the alternative matching function has given the PCRE_ERROR_PARTIAL

-       return,  indicating that the subject partially matched the pattern, you
-       can restart the match with additional subject data by means of  the  \R
+       return, indicating that the subject partially matched the pattern,  you
+       can  restart  the match with additional subject data by means of the \R

        escape sequence. For example:
 
            re> /^?(jan|feb|mar|apr|may|jun|jul|aug|sep|oct|nov|dec)$/
        escape sequence. For example:
 
            re> /^?(jan|feb|mar|apr|may|jun|jul|aug|sep|oct|nov|dec)$/


@@ -424,30 +464,30 @@ RESTARTING AFTER A PARTIAL MATCH
          data> n05\R\D
           0: n05
 
          data> n05\R\D
           0: n05
 

-       For  further  information  about  partial matching, see the pcrepartial
+       For further information about partial  matching,  see  the  pcrepartial

        documentation.
 
 
 CALLOUTS
 
        documentation.
 
 
 CALLOUTS
 

-       If the pattern contains any callout requests, pcretest's callout  func-
-       tion  is  called  during  matching. This works with both matching func-
+       If  the pattern contains any callout requests, pcretest's callout func-
+       tion is called during matching. This works  with  both  matching  func-

        tions. By default, the called function displays the callout number, the
        tions. By default, the called function displays the callout number, the

-       start  and  current  positions in the text at the callout time, and the
+       start and current positions in the text at the callout  time,  and  the

        next pattern item to be tested. For example, the output
 
          --->pqrabcdef
            0    ^  ^     \d
 
        next pattern item to be tested. For example, the output
 
          --->pqrabcdef
            0    ^  ^     \d
 

-       indicates that callout number 0 occurred for a match  attempt  starting
-       at  the fourth character of the subject string, when the pointer was at
-       the seventh character of the data, and when the next pattern  item  was
-       \d.  Just  one  circumflex is output if the start and current positions
+       indicates  that  callout number 0 occurred for a match attempt starting
+       at the fourth character of the subject string, when the pointer was  at
+       the  seventh  character of the data, and when the next pattern item was
+       \d. Just one circumflex is output if the start  and  current  positions

        are the same.
 
        Callouts numbered 255 are assumed to be automatic callouts, inserted as
        are the same.
 
        Callouts numbered 255 are assumed to be automatic callouts, inserted as

-       a  result  of the /C pattern modifier. In this case, instead of showing
-       the callout number, the offset in the pattern, preceded by a  plus,  is
+       a result of the /C pattern modifier. In this case, instead  of  showing
+       the  callout  number, the offset in the pattern, preceded by a plus, is

        output. For example:
 
            re> /\d?[A-E]\*/C
        output. For example:
 
            re> /\d?[A-E]\*/C


@@ -459,68 +499,68 @@ CALLOUTS
          +10 ^ ^
           0: E*
 
          +10 ^ ^
           0: E*
 

-       The  callout  function  in pcretest returns zero (carry on matching) by
-       default, but you can use a \C item in a data line (as described  above)
+       The callout function in pcretest returns zero (carry  on  matching)  by
+       default,  but you can use a \C item in a data line (as described above)

        to change this.
 
        to change this.
 

-       Inserting  callouts can be helpful when using pcretest to check compli-
-       cated regular expressions. For further information about callouts,  see
+       Inserting callouts can be helpful when using pcretest to check  compli-
+       cated  regular expressions. For further information about callouts, see

        the pcrecallout documentation.
 
 
 SAVING AND RELOADING COMPILED PATTERNS
 
        the pcrecallout documentation.
 
 
 SAVING AND RELOADING COMPILED PATTERNS
 

-       The  facilities  described  in  this section are not available when the
+       The facilities described in this section are  not  available  when  the

        POSIX inteface to PCRE is being used, that is, when the /P pattern mod-
        ifier is specified.
 
        When the POSIX interface is not in use, you can cause pcretest to write
        POSIX inteface to PCRE is being used, that is, when the /P pattern mod-
        ifier is specified.
 
        When the POSIX interface is not in use, you can cause pcretest to write

-       a compiled pattern to a file, by following the modifiers with >  and  a
+       a  compiled  pattern to a file, by following the modifiers with > and a

        file name.  For example:
 
          /pattern/im >/some/file
 
        file name.  For example:
 
          /pattern/im >/some/file
 

-       See  the pcreprecompile documentation for a discussion about saving and
+       See the pcreprecompile documentation for a discussion about saving  and

        re-using compiled patterns.
 
        re-using compiled patterns.
 

-       The data that is written is binary.  The  first  eight  bytes  are  the
-       length  of  the  compiled  pattern  data  followed by the length of the
-       optional study data, each written as four  bytes  in  big-endian  order
-       (most  significant  byte  first). If there is no study data (either the
+       The  data  that  is  written  is  binary. The first eight bytes are the
+       length of the compiled pattern data  followed  by  the  length  of  the
+       optional  study  data,  each  written as four bytes in big-endian order
+       (most significant byte first). If there is no study  data  (either  the

        pattern was not studied, or studying did not return any data), the sec-
        pattern was not studied, or studying did not return any data), the sec-

-       ond  length  is  zero. The lengths are followed by an exact copy of the
+       ond length is zero. The lengths are followed by an exact  copy  of  the

        compiled pattern. If there is additional study data, this follows imme-
        compiled pattern. If there is additional study data, this follows imme-

-       diately  after  the  compiled pattern. After writing the file, pcretest
+       diately after the compiled pattern. After writing  the  file,  pcretest

        expects to read a new pattern.
 
        A saved pattern can be reloaded into pcretest by specifing < and a file
        expects to read a new pattern.
 
        A saved pattern can be reloaded into pcretest by specifing < and a file

-       name  instead  of  a pattern. The name of the file must not contain a <
-       character, as otherwise pcretest will interpret the line as  a  pattern
+       name instead of a pattern. The name of the file must not  contain  a  <
+       character,  as  otherwise pcretest will interpret the line as a pattern

        delimited by < characters.  For example:
 
           re> </some/file
          Compiled regex loaded from /some/file
          No study data
 
        delimited by < characters.  For example:
 
           re> </some/file
          Compiled regex loaded from /some/file
          No study data
 

-       When  the pattern has been loaded, pcretest proceeds to read data lines
+       When the pattern has been loaded, pcretest proceeds to read data  lines

        in the usual way.
 
        in the usual way.
 

-       You can copy a file written by pcretest to a different host and  reload
-       it  there,  even  if the new host has opposite endianness to the one on
-       which the pattern was compiled. For example, you can compile on an  i86
+       You  can copy a file written by pcretest to a different host and reload
+       it there, even if the new host has opposite endianness to  the  one  on
+       which  the pattern was compiled. For example, you can compile on an i86

        machine and run on a SPARC machine.
 
        machine and run on a SPARC machine.
 

-       File  names  for  saving and reloading can be absolute or relative, but
-       note that the shell facility of expanding a file name that starts  with
+       File names for saving and reloading can be absolute  or  relative,  but
+       note  that the shell facility of expanding a file name that starts with

        a tilde (~) is not available.
 
        a tilde (~) is not available.
 

-       The  ability to save and reload files in pcretest is intended for test-
-       ing and experimentation. It is not intended for production use  because
-       only  a  single pattern can be written to a file. Furthermore, there is
-       no facility for supplying  custom  character  tables  for  use  with  a
-       reloaded  pattern.  If  the  original  pattern was compiled with custom
-       tables, an attempt to match a subject string using a  reloaded  pattern
-       is  likely to cause pcretest to crash.  Finally, if you attempt to load
+       The ability to save and reload files in pcretest is intended for  test-
+       ing  and experimentation. It is not intended for production use because
+       only a single pattern can be written to a file. Furthermore,  there  is
+       no  facility  for  supplying  custom  character  tables  for use with a
+       reloaded pattern. If the original  pattern  was  compiled  with  custom
+       tables,  an  attempt to match a subject string using a reloaded pattern
+       is likely to cause pcretest to crash.  Finally, if you attempt to  load

        a file that is not in the correct format, the result is undefined.
 
 
        a file that is not in the correct format, the result is undefined.
 
 


@@ -530,5 +570,5 @@ AUTHOR
        University Computing Service,
        Cambridge CB2 3QG, England.
 
        University Computing Service,
        Cambridge CB2 3QG, England.
 

-Last updated: 28 February 2005
-Copyright (c) 1997-2005 University of Cambridge.
+Last updated: 29 June 2006
+Copyright (c) 1997-2006 University of Cambridge.