OpenSSL fix empty tls_verify_certificates.

[exim.git] / doc / doc-txt / experimental-spec.txt

diff --git a/doc/doc-txt/experimental-spec.txt b/doc/doc-txt/experimental-spec.txt
index 3ad0825d5ac65c70eca7b7f059225b7fceda1b6e..8d1ebef13b227d987dabb449566a93aa75c71383 100644 (file)
--- a/doc/doc-txt/experimental-spec.txt
+++ b/doc/doc-txt/experimental-spec.txt
@@ -1,398 +1,100 @@
-$Cambridge: exim/doc/doc-txt/experimental-spec.txt,v 1.8 2007/09/28 12:58:41 tom Exp $
-

 From time to time, experimental features may be added to Exim.
 While a feature  is experimental, there  will be a  build-time
 option whose name starts  "EXPERIMENTAL_" that must be  set in
 order to include the  feature. This file contains  information
 From time to time, experimental features may be added to Exim.
 While a feature  is experimental, there  will be a  build-time
 option whose name starts  "EXPERIMENTAL_" that must be  set in
 order to include the  feature. This file contains  information

-about experimenatal  features, all  of which  are unstable and
-liable to incompatibile change.
+about experimental  features, all  of which  are unstable and
+liable to incompatible change.

 
 
 
 

-0. DKIM support
+PRDR support

 --------------------------------------------------------------
 
 --------------------------------------------------------------
 

-DKIM support is implemented via libdkim. A compatible version
-is available here:
-
-http://duncanthrax.net/exim-experimental/libdkim-1.0.15-tk.tar.gz
-
-Build the lib according to the instructions in the enclosed
-INSTALL file.
-
-To build Exim with DKIM support, specify this in Local/Makefile:
-
-EXPERIMENTAL_DKIM=yes
-CFLAGS  += -I/home/tom/libdkim/include
-LDFLAGS += -ldkim -lssl -lstdc++ -L/home/tom/libdkim/lib
-
-Remember to tweak  the CFLAGS and  LDFLAGS lines to  match the
-location of the libdomainkeys includes and lib on your system.
-
-The current experimental implementation supports two independent
-functions:
-
-o Validate incoming DKIM-signed email.
-o Sign outgoing email with DKIM.
-
-The former is implemented in the ACLs for SMTP, the latter  as
-an extension to the SMTP transport. That means both facilities
-are limited to SMTP I/O.
-
-
-1) Validate incoming email
-
-Incoming messages are fed to the DKIM validation process as they
-are received "on  the wire". This happens synchronously to Exim's
-buffering of the message in the spool.
-
-You must set "control = dkim_verify" in one of the ACLs preceding
-DATA (you will typically use acl_smtp_rcpt), at a point where
-non-local, non-relay, non-submission mail is processed. If that
-control flag is not set, the message will NOT be verified.
-
-Example:
-
-warn log_message = Feeding message to DKIM validator.
-     control = dk_verify
-
-You can then check for DKIM signatures in the ACL after data
-(acl_smtp_data), using the 'dkim' query-style lookup type. The
-query string should be a domain or DKIM identity:
-
-${lookup dkim{domain.example}}
-
-Such a lookup will yield one of the following strings:
-
-unverified: Exim did not (yet) verify the eventual DKIM
-            signatures in this message. This may happen
-            if a) You did not use control=dkim_verify
-            or b) You are using the lookup before
-            the DATA ACL.
-
-unsigned:   The message does not have a signature from
-            the specified domain.
+Per-Recipient Data Reponse is an SMTP extension proposed by Eric Hall
+in a (now-expired) IETF draft from 2007.  It's not hit mainstream
+use, but has apparently been implemented in the META1 MTA.

 
 

-good:       The message has a signature from the specified
-            domain, and it verified successfully.
+There is mention at http://mail.aegee.org/intern/sendmail.html
+of a patch to sendmail "to make it PRDR capable".

 
 

-bad:        The message has a signature from the specified
-            domain, but it did not verify.
+ ref: http://www.eric-a-hall.com/specs/draft-hall-prdr-00.txt

 
 

-defer:      A temporary DNS problem was encountered while
-            trying to verify the signature.
+If Exim is built with EXPERIMENTAL_PRDR there is a new config
+boolean "prdr_enable" which controls whether PRDR is advertised
+as part of an EHLO response, a new "acl_data_smtp_prdr" ACL
+(called for each recipient, after data arrives but before the
+data ACL), and a new smtp transport option "hosts_try_prdr".

 
 

+PRDR may be used to support per-user content filtering.  Without it
+one must defer any recipient after the first that has a different
+content-filter configuration.  With PRDR, the RCPT-time check
+for this can be disabled when the MAIL-time $smtp_command included
+"PRDR".  Any required difference in behaviour of the main DATA-time
+ACL should however depend on the PRDR-time ACL having run, as Exim
+will avoid doing so in some situations (eg.  single-recipient mails).

 
 
 
 

-2) Sign outgoing email with DKIM

 
 

-Outgoing messages are  signed just before  Exim puts them  "on
-the wire".  The only  thing that happens after DKIM signing is
-eventual TLS encryption.
-
-Signing is implemented by setting private options on the  SMTP
-transport.  These   options  take   (expandable)  strings   as
-arguments.
-
-  dkim_domain = <expanded string> [MANDATORY]
-
-    The domain you want to sign with. Should optimally match
-    the domain in the "From:" header of the message, but
-    does not necessarily have to. The result of this expanded
-    option is put into the $dkim_domain expansion variable.
-
-  dkim_selector = <expanded string> [MANDATORY]
-
-    This  sets  the  key  selector  string.  You  can  use the
-    $dkim_domain  expansion  variable  to  look  up  a  matching
-    selector.  The result  is put  in the  expansion  variable
-    $dkim_selector which  should be  used in  the dkim_private_key
-    option along with $dkim_domain.
-
-  dkim_private_key = <expanded string> [MANDATORY]
-
-    This  sets the  private key to use. You can use the
-    $dkim_domain and  $dkim_selector expansion variables to
-    determine the private key to use. The result can either
-
-      o be a valid RSA private key in ASCII armor, including
-        line breaks.
-      o start with a slash, in which case it is treated as
-        a file that contains the private key.
-      o be "0", "false" or the empty string, in which case
-        the message will not be signed. This case will not
-        result in an error, even if dkim_strict is set.
-
-  dkim_canon = <expanded string> [OPTIONAL]
-
-    This option sets the canonicalization method used when
-    signing a message. The DKIM RFC currently supports two
-    methods: "simple" and "relaxed".  The option defaults to
-    "relaxed" when unset. Note: the current implementation
-    only support using the same canonicalization method for
-    both headers and body.
-
-  dkim_strict = <expanded string> [OPTIONAL]
-
-    This  option  defines  how  Exim  behaves  when  signing a
-    message that should be signed fails for some reason.  When
-    the expansion evaluates to either "1" or "true", Exim will
-    defer. Otherwise Exim will send the message unsigned.  You
-    can  use the $dkim_domain and $dkim_selector expansion
-    variables here.
-
-
-
-
-
-1. Yahoo DomainKeys support
+OCSP Stapling support

 --------------------------------------------------------------
 
 --------------------------------------------------------------
 

-DomainKeys  (DK)  support  is   built  into  Exim  using   the
-"libdomainkeys"  reference   library  implementation.   It  is
-available at
-
-http://domainkeys.sf.net
-
-You must build  this library on  your system and  compile Exim
-against it. To build Exim with DK support, add these lines  to
-your Local/Makefile:
-
-EXPERIMENTAL_DOMAINKEYS=yes
-CFLAGS  += -I/home/tom/exim-cvs/extra/libdomainkeys
-LDFLAGS += -ldomainkeys -L/home/tom/exim-cvs/extra/libdomainkeys
-
-Remember to tweak  the CFLAGS and  LDFLAGS lines to  match the
-location of the libdomainkeys includes and lib on your system.
-
-The   current   experimental   implementation   supports   two
-independent functions:
-
-o Validate incoming DK-signed email.
-o Sign outgoing email with DK.
-
-The former is implemented in the ACLs for SMTP, the latter  as
-an extension to the SMTP transport. That means both facilities
-are limited to SMTP I/O.
-
-
-
-1) Validate incoming email
-
-Incoming messages are fed to the DK validation process as they
-are  received "on  the wire".  This happens  synchronously to
-Exim's buffering of the message in the spool.
-
-You  must  set  "control  =  dk_verify"  in  one  of  the ACLs
-preceding DATA  (you will  typically use  acl_smtp_rcpt), at a
-point  where  non-local,  non-relay,  non-submission  mail  is
-processed. If that control flag  is not set, the message  will
-NOT be verified.
-
-Example:
-
-warn log_message = Feeding message to DK validator.
-     control = dk_verify
-
-You can check for the outcome of the DK check in the ACL after
-data (acl_smtp_data), using a number of ACL conditions  and/or
-expansion variables.
-
-
-
-1.1.) DK ACL conditions
-
-  dk_sender_domains = <domain list>
-
-    This   condition   takes  a   domainlist  as argument  and
-    succeeds if the domain that DK has  been verifying  for is
-    found in the list.
-
-
-  dk_senders = <address list>
-
-    This  condition  takes  an  addresslist  as argument   and
-    succeeds  if  the address  that DK has been  verifying for
-    is  found in the list.
-
-
-  dk_sender_local_parts = <local part list>
-
-    This  condition  takes   a local_part  list   as  argument
-    and  succeeds   if  the   domain   that    DK   has   been
-    verifying  for is found in the list.
-
-
-  dk_status = <colon separated list of keywords>
-
-    This condition takes a  list of keywords as  argument, and
-    succeeds if one of the listed keywords matches the outcome
-    of the DK check. The available keywords are:
-
-    good            DK check succeeded, mail is verified.
-    bad             DK check failed.
-    no signature    Mail is not signed with DK.
-    no key          Public key missing in target domain DNS.
-    bad format      Public key available, but unuseable.
-    non-participant Target domain states not to participate in DK.
-    revoked         The signing key has been revoked by the domain.
-
-
-  dk_policy = <colon separated list of keywords>
-
-    This condition takes a  list of keywords as  argument, and
-    succeeds if one of the listed keywords matches the  policy
-    announced  by the  target domain.  The available  keywords
-    are:
-
-    signsall        The target domain signs all outgoing email.
-    testing         The target domain is currently testing DK.
-
-
-  dk_domain_source = <colon separated list of keywords>
-
-    This condition takes a  list of keywords as  argument, and
-    succeeds  if  one  of  the  listed  keywords  matches  the
-    location where DK found the sender domain it verified for.
-    The available keywords are:
-
-    from            The domain came from the "From:" header.
-    sender          The domain came from the "Sender:" header.
-    none            DK was unable to find the responsible domain.
-
-
+X.509 PKI certificates expire and can be revoked; to handle this, the
+clients need some way to determine if a particular certificate, from a
+particular Certificate Authority (CA), is still valid.  There are three
+main ways to do so.

 
 

-1.2.) DK verification expansion variables
+The simplest way is to serve up a Certificate Revocation List (CRL) with
+an ordinary web-server, regenerating the CRL before it expires.  The
+downside is that clients have to periodically re-download a potentially
+huge file from every certificate authority it knows of.

 
 

-  $dk_sender_domain
+The way with most moving parts at query time is Online Certificate
+Status Protocol (OCSP), where the client verifies the certificate
+against an OCSP server run by the CA.  This lets the CA track all
+usage of the certs.  This requires running software with access to the
+private key of the CA, to sign the responses to the OCSP queries.  OCSP
+is based on HTTP and can be proxied accordingly.

 
 

-    Contains the domain that DK has verified for.
+The only widespread OCSP server implementation (known to this writer)
+comes as part of OpenSSL and aborts on an invalid request, such as
+connecting to the port and then disconnecting.  This requires
+re-entering the passphrase each time some random client does this.

 
 

+The third way is OCSP Stapling; in this, the server using a certificate
+issued by the CA periodically requests an OCSP proof of validity from
+the OCSP server, then serves it up inline as part of the TLS
+negotiation.   This approach adds no extra round trips, does not let the
+CA track users, scales well with number of certs issued by the CA and is
+resilient to temporary OCSP server failures, as long as the server
+starts retrying to fetch an OCSP proof some time before its current
+proof expires.  The downside is that it requires server support.

 
 

-  $dk_sender
+If Exim is built with EXPERIMENTAL_OCSP and it was built with OpenSSL,
+then it gains one new option: "tls_ocsp_file".

 
 

-    Contains the address that DK has verified for.
+The file specified therein is expected to be in DER format, and contain
+an OCSP proof.  Exim will serve it as part of the TLS handshake.  This
+option will be re-expanded for SNI, if the tls_certificate option
+contains $tls_sni, as per other TLS options.

 
 

+Exim does not at this time implement any support for fetching a new OCSP
+proof.  The burden is on the administrator to handle this, outside of
+Exim.  The file specified should be replaced atomically, so that the
+contents are always valid.  Exim will expand the "tls_ocsp_file" option
+on each connection, so a new file will be handled transparently on the
+next connection.

 
 

-  $dk_sender_local_part
+Exim will check for a valid next update timestamp in the OCSP proof;
+if not present, or if the proof has expired, it will be ignored.

 
 

-    Contains the local part that DK has verified for.
+At this point in time, we're gathering feedback on use, to determine if
+it's worth adding complexity to the Exim daemon to periodically re-fetch
+OCSP files and somehow handling multiple files.  There is no client support
+for OCSP in Exim, this is feature expected to be used by mail clients.

 
 
 
 

-  $dk_sender_source

 
 

-    Contains the "source" of the above three variables, one of

 
 

-      "from"    The address came from the "From:" header.
-      "sender"  The address came from the "Sender:" header.
-
-    When DK was unable to find a valid address, this variable
-    is "0".
-
-
-  $dk_signsall
-
-    Is "1" if the target domain signs all outgoing email,
-    "0" otherwise.
-
-
-  $dk_testing
-
-    Is "1" if the target domain is testing DK, "0" otherwise.
-
-
-  $dk_is_signed
-
-    Is "1" if the message is signed, "0" otherwise.
-
-
-  $dk_status
-
-    Contains the outcome of the DK check as a string, commonly
-    used to add a "DomainKey-Status:" header to messages. Will
-    contain one of:
-
-    good            DK check succeeded, mail is verified.
-    bad             DK check failed.
-    no signature    Mail is not signed with DK.
-    no key          Public key missing in target domain DNS.
-    bad format      Public key available, but unuseable.
-    non-participant Target domain states not to participate in DK.
-    revoked         The signing key has been revoked by the domain.
-
-
-  $dk_result
-
-    Contains a  human-readable result  of the  DK check,  more
-    verbose than $dk_status. Useful for logging purposes.
-
-
-
-2) Sign outgoing email with DK
-
-Outgoing messages are  signed just before  Exim puts them  "on
-the wire".  The only  thing that  happens after  DK signing is
-eventual TLS encryption.
-
-Signing is implemented by setting private options on the  SMTP
-transport.  These   options  take   (expandable)  strings   as
-arguments.  The  most  important  variable  to  use  in  these
-expansions is $dk_domain. It contains the domain that DK wants
-to sign for.
-
-
-  dk_selector = <expanded string> [MANDATORY]
-
-    This  sets  the  key  selector  string.  You  can  use the
-    $dk_domain  expansion  variable  to  look  up  a  matching
-    selector.  The result  is put  in the  expansion  variable
-    $dk_selector which  should be  used in  the dk_private_key
-    option along with $dk_domain.
-
-
-  dk_private_key = <expanded string> [MANDATORY]
-
-    This  sets the  private key  to use.  You SHOULD  use  the
-    $dk_domain   and  $dk_selector   expansion  variables   to
-    determine the private key to use. The result can either
-
-      o be a valid RSA private key in ASCII armor, including
-        line breaks.
-      o start with a slash, in which case it is treated as
-        a file that contains the private key.
-      o be "0", "false" or the empty string, in which case
-        the message will not be signed. This case will not
-        result in an error, even if dk_strict is set.
-
-
-  dk_canon = <expanded string> [OPTIONAL]
-
-    This  option sets  the canonicalization  method used  when
-    signing a  message. The  DK draft  currently supports  two
-    methods:  "simple"  and "nofws".  The  option defaults  to
-    "simple" when unset.
-
-
-  dk_strict = <expanded string> [OPTIONAL]
-
-    This  option  defines  how  Exim  behaves  when  signing a
-    message that should be signed fails for some reason.  When
-    the expansion evaluates to either "1" or "true", Exim will
-    defer. Otherwise Exim will send the message unsigned.  You
-    can  and  should use  the  $dk_domain   and   $dk_selector
-    expansion  variables here.
-
-
-  dk_domain = <expanded string> [NOT RECOMMENDED]
-
-    This  option overrides  DKs autodetection  of the  signing
-    domain. You should only use  this option if you know  what
-    you are doing. The result of the string expansion is  also
-    put in $dk_domain.
-
-
-
-
-2. Brightmail AntiSpam (BMI) suppport
+Brightmail AntiSpam (BMI) suppport

 --------------------------------------------------------------
 
 Brightmail  AntiSpam  is  a  commercial  package.  Please  see
 --------------------------------------------------------------
 
 Brightmail  AntiSpam  is  a  commercial  package.  Please  see


@@ -678,10 +380,10 @@ These four steps are explained in more details below.
 
 
 
 
 
 

-3. Sender Policy Framework (SPF) support
+Sender Policy Framework (SPF) support

 --------------------------------------------------------------
 
 --------------------------------------------------------------
 

-To learn  more  about  SPF, visit   http://spf.pobox.com. This
+To learn  more  about  SPF, visit   http://www.openspf.org. This

 document does   not explain  the SPF  fundamentals, you should
 read and understand the implications of deploying SPF on  your
 system before doing so.
 document does   not explain  the SPF  fundamentals, you should
 read and understand the implications of deploying SPF on  your
 system before doing so.


@@ -706,7 +408,7 @@ their default locations.
 
 You can now run SPF checks in incoming SMTP by using the "spf"
 ACL condition  in either  the MAIL,  RCPT or  DATA ACLs.  When
 
 You can now run SPF checks in incoming SMTP by using the "spf"
 ACL condition  in either  the MAIL,  RCPT or  DATA ACLs.  When

-using it in the RCPT ACL, you can make the checks dependend on
+using it in the RCPT ACL, you can make the checks dependent on

 the RCPT  address (or  domain), so  you can  check SPF records
 only  for   certain  target   domains.  This   gives  you  the
 possibility  to opt-out  certain customers  that do  not want
 the RCPT  address (or  domain), so  you can  check SPF records
 only  for   certain  target   domains.  This   gives  you  the
 possibility  to opt-out  certain customers  that do  not want


@@ -745,11 +447,12 @@ the SPF check, the condition  succeeds. If none of the  listed
 strings matches the  outcome of the  SPF check, the  condition
 fails.
 
 strings matches the  outcome of the  SPF check, the  condition
 fails.
 

-Here is a simple example to fail forgery attempts from domains
-that publish SPF records:
+Here is an example to fail forgery attempts from domains that
+publish SPF records:

 
 /* -----------------
 
 /* -----------------

-deny message = $sender_host_address is not allowed to send mail from $sender_address_domain
+deny message = $sender_host_address is not allowed to send mail from ${if def:sender_address_domain {$sender_address_domain}{$sender_helo_name}}.  \
+              Please see http://www.openspf.org/Why?scope=${if def:sender_address_domain {mfrom}{helo}};identity=${if def:sender_address_domain {$sender_address}{$sender_helo_name}};ip=$sender_host_address

      spf = fail
 --------------------- */
 
      spf = fail
 --------------------- */
 


@@ -782,6 +485,9 @@ variables.
   draft, this header must be added at the top of the header
   list. Please see section 10 on how you can do this.
 
   draft, this header must be added at the top of the header
   list. Please see section 10 on how you can do this.
 

+  Note: in case of "Best-guess" (see below), the convention is
+  to put this string in a header called X-SPF-Guess: instead.
+

   $spf_result
   This contains the outcome of the SPF check in string form,
   one of pass, fail, softfail, none, neutral, err_perm or
   $spf_result
   This contains the outcome of the SPF check in string form,
   one of pass, fail, softfail, none, neutral, err_perm or


@@ -791,9 +497,40 @@ variables.
   This contains a string that can be used in a SMTP response
   to the calling party. Useful for "fail".
 
   This contains a string that can be used in a SMTP response
   to the calling party. Useful for "fail".
 

+In addition to SPF, you can also perform checks for so-called
+"Best-guess".  Strictly speaking, "Best-guess" is not standard
+SPF, but it is supported by the same framework that enables SPF
+capability.  Refer to http://www.openspf.org/FAQ/Best_guess_record
+for a description of what it means.
+
+To access this feature, simply use the spf_guess condition in place
+of the spf one.  For example:
+
+/* -----------------
+deny message = $sender_host_address doesn't look trustworthy to me
+     spf_guess = fail
+--------------------- */
+
+In case you decide to reject messages based on this check, you
+should note that although it uses the same framework, "Best-guess"
+is NOT SPF, and therefore you should not mention SPF at all in your
+reject message.

 
 

+When the spf_guess condition has run, it sets up the same expansion
+variables as when spf condition is run, described above.

 
 

-4. SRS (Sender Rewriting Scheme) Support
+Additionally, since Best-guess is not standardized, you may redefine
+what "Best-guess" means to you by redefining spf_guess variable in
+global config.  For example, the following:
+
+/* -----------------
+spf_guess = v=spf1 a/16 mx/16 ptr ?all
+--------------------- */
+
+would relax host matching rules to a broader network range.
+
+
+SRS (Sender Rewriting Scheme) Support

 --------------------------------------------------------------
 
 Exiscan  currently  includes SRS  support  via Miles  Wilton's
 --------------------------------------------------------------
 
 Exiscan  currently  includes SRS  support  via Miles  Wilton's


@@ -812,6 +549,79 @@ EXPERIMENTAL_SRS=yes
 in your Local/Makefile.
 
 
 in your Local/Makefile.
 
 

+DCC Support
+--------------------------------------------------------------
+
+*) Building exim
+
+In order to build exim with DCC support add
+
+EXPERIMENTAL_DCC=yes
+
+to your Makefile. (Re-)build/install exim. exim -d should show
+EXPERIMENTAL_DCC under "Support for".
+
+
+*) Configuration
+
+In the main section of exim.cf add at least
+  dccifd_address = /usr/local/dcc/var/dccifd
+or
+  dccifd_address = <ip> <port>
+
+In the DATA ACL you can use the new condition
+        dcc = *
+
+After that "$dcc_header" contains the X-DCC-Header.
+
+Return values are:
+  fail    for overall "R", "G" from dccifd
+  defer   for overall "T" from dccifd
+  accept  for overall "A", "S" from dccifd
+
+dcc = */defer_ok works as for spamd.
+
+The "$dcc_result" variable contains the overall result from DCC
+answer.  There will an X-DCC: header added to the mail.
+
+Usually you'll use
+  defer   !dcc = *
+to greylist with DCC.
+
+If you set, in the main section,
+  dcc_direct_add_header = true
+then the dcc header will be added "in deep" and if the spool
+file was already written it gets removed. This forces Exim to
+write it again if needed.  This helps to get the DCC Header
+through to eg. SpamAssassin.
+
+If you want to pass even more headers in the middle of the
+DATA stage you can set
+  $acl_m_dcc_add_header
+to tell the DCC routines to add more information; eg, you might set
+this to some results from ClamAV.  Be careful.  Header syntax is
+not checked and is added "as is".
+
+In case you've troubles with sites sending the same queue items from several
+hosts and fail to get through greylisting you can use
+$acl_m_dcc_override_client_ip
+
+Setting $acl_m_dcc_override_client_ip to an IP address overrides the default
+of $sender_host_address. eg. use the following ACL in DATA stage:
+
+  warn    set acl_m_dcc_override_client_ip = \
+    ${lookup{$sender_helo_name}nwildlsearch{/etc/mail/multipleip_sites}{$value}{}}
+          condition = ${if def:acl_m_dcc_override_client_ip}
+          log_message = dbg: acl_m_dcc_override_client_ip set to \
+                        $acl_m_dcc_override_client_ip
+
+Then set something like
+# cat /etc/mail/multipleip_sites
+mout-xforward.gmx.net           82.165.159.12
+mout.gmx.net                    212.227.15.16
+
+Use a reasonable IP. eg. one the sending cluster acutally uses.
+

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