. Update the Copyright year (only) when changing content.
. /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
-.set previousversion "4.86"
+.set previousversion "4.87"
.include ./local_params
.set ACL "access control lists (ACLs)"
.set I " "
.macro copyyear
-2015
+2016
.endmacro
. /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
.oindex "&%-bmalware%&"
.cindex "testing", "malware"
.cindex "malware scan test"
-This debugging option causes Exim to scan the given file,
+This debugging option causes Exim to scan the given file or directory
+(depending on the used scanner interface),
using the malware scanning framework. The option of &%av_scanner%& influences
this option, so if &%av_scanner%&'s value is dependent upon an expansion then
the expansion should have defaults which apply to this invocation. ACLs are
exim '-D ABC = something' ...
.endd
&%-D%& may be repeated up to 10 times on a command line.
-.new
Only macro names up to 22 letters long can be set.
-.wen
.vitem &%-d%&<&'debug&~options'&>
by Exim in conjunction with the &%-MC%& option. It signifies that the
remote host supports the ESMTP &_DSN_& extension.
+.new
+.vitem &%-MCG%&
+.oindex "&%-MCG%&"
+This option is not intended for use by external callers. It is used internally
+by Exim in conjunction with the &%-MC%& option. It signifies that an
+alternate queue is used, named by the following option.
+.wen
+
.vitem &%-MCP%&
.oindex "&%-MCP%&"
This option is not intended for use by external callers. It is used internally
and &%-S%& options).
.cindex "queue runner" "description of operation"
-The &%-q%& option starts one queue runner process. This scans the queue of
+.new
+If other commandline options do not specify an action,
+.wen
+the &%-q%& option starts one queue runner process. This scans the queue of
waiting messages, and runs a delivery process for each one in turn. It waits
for each delivery process to finish before starting the next one. A delivery
process may not actually do any deliveries if the retry times for the addresses
be done. If a message requires any remote deliveries, it remains on the queue
for later delivery.
-.vitem &%-q%&<&'qflags'&>&~<&'start&~id'&>&~<&'end&~id'&>
+.new
+.vitem &%-q[q][i][f[f]][l][G<name>[/<time>]]]%&
+.oindex "&%-qG%&"
+.cindex queue named
+.cindex "named queues"
.cindex "queue" "delivering specific messages"
+If the &'G'& flag and a name is present, the queue runner operates on the
+queue with the given name rather than the default queue.
+The name should not contain a &'/'& character.
+For a periodic queue run (see below)
+append to the name a slash and a time value.
+
+If other commandline options speicify an action, a &'-qG<name>'& option
+will specify a queue to operate on.
+For example:
+.code
+exim -bp -qGquarantine
+mailq -qGquarantime
+exim -qGoffpeak -Rf @special.domain.example
+.endd
+.wen
+
+.vitem &%-q%&<&'qflags'&>&~<&'start&~id'&>&~<&'end&~id'&>
When scanning the queue, Exim can be made to skip over messages whose ids are
lexically less than a given value by following the &%-q%& option with a
starting message id. For example:
This causes any temporarily failing address to be retried every 15 minutes for
2 hours, then at intervals starting at one hour and increasing by a factor of
1.5 until 16 hours have passed, then every 6 hours up to 4 days. If an address
-is not delivered after 4 days of temporary failure, it is bounced.
+is not delivered after 4 days of temporary failure, it is bounced. The time is
+measured from first failure, not from the time the message was received.
If the retry section is removed from the configuration, or is empty (that is,
if no retry rules are defined), Exim will not retry deliveries. This turns
.endlist ilist
-.section "Query-style lookup types" "SECID62"
+.section "Query-style lookup types" "SECTquerystylelookups"
.cindex "lookup" "query-style types"
.cindex "query-style lookup" "list of types"
The supported query-style lookup types are listed below. Further details about
PostgreSQL database. See section &<<SECTsql>>&.
.next
-.new
.cindex "Redis lookup type"
.cindex lookup Redis
&(redis)&: The format of the query is an SQL statement that is passed to a
Redis database. See section &<<SECTsql>>&.
-.wen
.next
.cindex "sqlite lookup type"
The form if &"retry_VAL"& where VAL is an integer.
The default count is set by the main configuration option &%dns_retry%&.
-.new
.cindex cacheing "of dns lookup"
.cindex TTL "of dns lookup"
.cindex DNS TTL
Dnsdb lookup results are cached within a single process (and its children).
The cache entry lifetime is limited to the smallest time-to-live (TTL)
value of the set of returned DNS records.
-.wen
.section "Pseudo dnsdb record types" "SECID66"
found, but that is still a successful query. In other words, the list of
servers provides a backup facility, not a list of different places to look.
-.new
For Redis the global option need not be specified if all queries contain their
own server information &-- see section &<<SECTspeserque>>&.
If specified, the option must be set to a colon-separated list of server
.next
The password is optional; if present it is used to authenticate to the backend
.endlist
-.wen
-.new
The &%quote_mysql%&, &%quote_pgsql%&, and &%quote_oracle%& expansion operators
convert newline, tab, carriage return, and backspace to \n, \t, \r, and \b
respectively, and the characters single-quote, double-quote, and backslash
The &%quote_redis%& expansion operator
escapes whitespace and backslash characters with a backslash.
-.wen
.section "Specifying the server in the query" "SECTspeserque"
For MySQL, PostgreSQL and Redis lookups (but not currently for Oracle and InterBase),
For MySQL, an empty host name or the use of &"localhost"& in &%mysql_servers%&
causes a connection to the server on the local host by means of a Unix domain
socket. An alternate socket can be specified in parentheses.
-.new
An option group name for MySQL option files can be specified in square brackets;
the default value is &"exim"&.
-.wen
The full syntax of each item in &%mysql_servers%& is:
.display
<&'hostname'&>::<&'port'&>(<&'socket name'&>)[<&'option group'&>]/&&&
.section "Expansion of lists" "SECTlistexpand"
.cindex "expansion" "of lists"
-Each list is expanded as a single string before it is used. The result of
+Each list is expanded as a single string before it is used.
+
+.new
+&'Exception: the router headers_remove option, where list-item
+splitting is done before string-expansion.'&
+.wen
+
+The result of
expansion must be a list, possibly containing empty items, which is split up
into separate items for matching. By default, colon is the separator character,
but this can be varied if necessary. See sections &<<SECTlistconstruct>>& and
.cindex "&%extract%&" "substrings by key"
The key and <&'string1'&> are first expanded separately. Leading and trailing
white space is removed from the key (but not from any of the strings). The key
-must not consist entirely of digits. The expanded <&'string1'&> must be of the
-form:
+must not be empty and must not consist entirely of digits.
+The expanded <&'string1'&> must be of the form:
.display
<&'key1'&> = <&'value1'&> <&'key2'&> = <&'value2'&> ...
.endd
-.new
.vitem &*${imapfolder{*&<&'foldername'&>&*}}*&
.cindex expansion "imap folder"
.cindex "&%imapfolder%& expansion item"
This item converts a (possibly multilevel, or with non-ASCII characters)
folder specification to a Maildir name for filesystem use.
For information on internationalisation support see &<<SECTi18nMDA>>&.
-.wen
user@example.com
.endd
+.new
+.vitem &*${base32:*&<&'digits'&>&*}*&
+.cindex "&%base32%& expansion item"
+.cindex "expansion" "conversion to base 32"
+The string must consist entirely of decimal digits. The number is converted to
+base 32 and output as a (empty, for zero) string of characters.
+Only lowercase letters are used.
+
+.vitem &*${base32d:*&<&'base-32&~digits'&>&*}*&
+.cindex "&%base32d%& expansion item"
+.cindex "expansion" "conversion to base 32"
+The string must consist entirely of base-32 digits.
+The number is converted to decimal and output as a string.
+.wen
+
.vitem &*${base62:*&<&'digits'&>&*}*&
.cindex "&%base62%& expansion item"
.cindex "expansion" "conversion to base 62"
identifiers, base-36 digits. The number is converted to decimal and output as a
string.
-.new
.vitem &*${base64:*&<&'string'&>&*}*&
.cindex "expansion" "base64 encoding"
.cindex "base64 encoding" "in string expansion"
.cindex "base64 decoding" "in string expansion"
.cindex "&%base64d%& expansion item"
This operator converts a base64-encoded string into the un-coded form.
-.wen
.vitem &*${domain:*&<&'string'&>&*}*&
byte value 127 is converted to &`\x7f`&.
-.new
.vitem &*${ipv6denorm:*&<&'string'&>&*}*&
.cindex "&%ipv6denorm%& expansion item"
.cindex "IP address" normalisation
set of zero-valued groups is replaced with a double colon.
A trailing ipv4-style dotted-decimal set is converted to hex.
Pure IPv4 addresses are converted to IPv4-mapped IPv6.
-.wen
.vitem &*${lc:*&<&'string'&>&*}*&
.cindex "SHA-1 hash"
.cindex "expansion" "SHA-1 hashing"
.cindex certificate fingerprint
-.cindex "&%sha2%& expansion item"
+.cindex "&%sha1%& expansion item"
The &%sha1%& operator computes the SHA-1 hash value of the string, and returns
it as a 40-digit hexadecimal number, in which any letters are in upper case.
returns the SHA-1 hash fingerprint of the certificate.
-.vitem &*${sha256:*&<&'certificate'&>&*}*&
+.vitem &*${sha256:*&<&'string'&>&*}*&
.cindex "SHA-256 hash"
.cindex certificate fingerprint
.cindex "expansion" "SHA-256 hashing"
.cindex "&%sha256%& expansion item"
-The &%sha256%& operator computes the SHA-256 hash fingerprint of the
-certificate,
+.new
+The &%sha256%& operator computes the SHA-256 hash value of the string
+and returns
+it as a 64-digit hexadecimal number, in which any letters are in upper case.
+.wen
+
+If the string is a single variable of type certificate,
+returns the SHA-256 hash fingerprint of the certificate.
+
+
+.new
+.vitem &*${sha3:*&<&'string'&>&*}*& &&&
+ &*${sha3_<n>:*&<&'string'&>&*}*&
+.cindex "SHA3 hash"
+.cindex "expansion" "SHA3 hashing"
+.cindex "&%sha3%& expansion item"
+The &%sha3%& operator computes the SHA3-256 hash value of the string
and returns
it as a 64-digit hexadecimal number, in which any letters are in upper case.
-Only arguments which are a single variable of certificate type are supported.
+
+If a number is appended, separated by an underbar, it specifies
+the output length. Values of 224, 256, 384 and 512 are accepted;
+with 256 being the default.
+
+The &%sha3%& expansion item is only supported if Exim has been
+compiled with GnuTLS 3.5.0 or later.
+.wen
.vitem &*${stat:*&<&'string'&>&*}*&
.vitem &*${str2b64:*&<&'string'&>&*}*&
.cindex "&%str2b64%& expansion item"
-.new
Now deprecated, a synonym for the &%base64%& expansion operator.
-.wen
.cindex "&%utf8clean%& expansion item"
This replaces any invalid utf-8 sequence in the string by the character &`?`&.
-.new
.vitem "&*${utf8_domain_to_alabel:*&<&'string'&>&*}*&" &&&
"&*${utf8_domain_from_alabel:*&<&'string'&>&*}*&" &&&
"&*${utf8_localpart_to_alabel:*&<&'string'&>&*}*&" &&&
.cindex "&%utf8_localpart_from_alabel%& expansion item"
These convert EAI mail name components between UTF-8 and a-label forms.
For information on internationalisation support see &<<SECTi18nMTA>>&.
-.wen
.endlist
.vindex "&$config_file$&"
The name of the main configuration file Exim is using.
-.vitem &$demime_errorlevel$&
-.vindex "&$demime_errorlevel$&"
-This variable is available when Exim is compiled with
-the content-scanning extension and the obsolete &%demime%& condition. For
-details, see section &<<SECTdemimecond>>&.
-
-.vitem &$demime_reason$&
-.vindex "&$demime_reason$&"
-This variable is available when Exim is compiled with the
-content-scanning extension and the obsolete &%demime%& condition. For details,
-see section &<<SECTdemimecond>>&.
-
.vitem &$dkim_cur_signer$& &&&
&$dkim_verify_status$& &&&
&$dkim_verify_reason$& &&&
Then after a dot, the next group of digits is a minor version number.
There may be other characters following the minor version.
-.vitem &$found_extension$&
-.vindex "&$found_extension$&"
-This variable is available when Exim is compiled with the
-content-scanning extension and the obsolete &%demime%& condition. For details,
-see section &<<SECTdemimecond>>&.
-
.vitem &$header_$&<&'name'&>
This is not strictly an expansion variable. It is expansion syntax for
inserting the message header line with the given name. Note that the name must
.new
-.vitem &$proxy_host_address$& &&&
- &$proxy_host_port$& &&&
- &$proxy_target_address$& &&&
- &$proxy_target_port$& &&&
+.vitem &$proxy_external_address$& &&&
+ &$proxy_external_port$& &&&
+ &$proxy_local_address$& &&&
+ &$proxy_local_port$& &&&
&$proxy_session$&
These variables are only available when built with Proxy Protocol
or Socks5 support
For details see chapter &<<SECTproxyInbound>>&.
.wen
-.new
.vitem &$prdr_requested$&
.cindex "PRDR" "variable for"
This variable is set to &"yes"& if PRDR was requested by the client for the
current message, otherwise &"no"&.
-.wen
.vitem &$prvscheck_address$&
This variable is used in conjunction with the &%prvscheck%& expansion item,
The value set for the &%qualify_recipient%& option in the configuration file,
or if not set, the value of &$qualify_domain$&.
+.new
+.vitem &$queue_name$&
+.vindex &$queue_name$&
+.cindex "named queues"
+.cindex queues named
+The name of the spool queue in use; empty for the default queue.
+.wen
+
.vitem &$rcpt_count$&
.vindex "&$rcpt_count$&"
When a message is being received by SMTP, this variable contains the number of
connection, this variable is set to the cipher suite that was negotiated, for
example DES-CBC3-SHA. In other circumstances, in particular, for message
received over unencrypted connections, the variable is empty. Testing
-&$tls_cipher$& for emptiness is one way of distinguishing between encrypted and
+&$tls_in_cipher$& for emptiness is one way of distinguishing between encrypted and
non-encrypted connections during ACL processing.
The deprecated &$tls_cipher$& variable is the same as &$tls_in_cipher$& during message reception,
There is also a command line option &%-pd%& (for delay) which suppresses the
initial startup, even if &%perl_at_start%& is set.
+.new
+.ilist
+.oindex "&%perl_taintmode%&"
+.cindex "Perl" "taintmode"
+To provide more security executing Perl code via the embedded Perl
+interpeter, the &%perl_taintmode%& option can be set. This enables the
+taint mode of the Perl interpreter. You are encouraged to set this
+option to a true value. To avoid breaking existing installations, it
+defaults to false.
+.wen
+
.section "Calling Perl subroutines" "SECID86"
When the configuration file includes a &%perl_startup%& option you can make use
.table2
.row &%perl_at_start%& "always start the interpreter"
.row &%perl_startup%& "code to obey when starting Perl"
+.row &%perl_taintmode%& "enable taint mode in Perl"
.endtable
.table2
.row &%accept_8bitmime%& "advertise 8BITMIME"
.row &%auth_advertise_hosts%& "advertise AUTH to these hosts"
+.row &%chunking_advertise_hosts%& "advertise CHUNKING to these hosts"
.row &%dsn_advertise_hosts%& "advertise DSN extensions to these hosts"
.row &%ignore_fromline_hosts%& "allow &""From ""& from these hosts"
.row &%ignore_fromline_local%& "allow &""From ""& from local SMTP"
This option defines the ACL that is run when an SMTP VRFY command is
received. See chapter &<<CHAPACL>>& for further details.
-.new
.option add_environment main "string list" empty
.cindex "environment" "set values"
This option allows to set individual environment variables that the
currently linked libraries and programs in child processes use.
See &<<SECTpipeenv>>& for the environment of &(pipe)& transports.
-.wen
.option admin_groups main "string list&!!" unset
.cindex "admin user"
failure a message is written to stderr and Exim exits with a non-zero code, as
it obviously cannot send an error message of any kind.
+.new
+.option chunking_advertise_hosts main "host list&!!" *
+.cindex CHUNKING advertisement
+.cindex "RFC 3030" "CHUNKING"
+The CHUNKING extension (RFC3030) will be advertised in the EHLO message to
+these hosts.
+Hosts may use the BDAT command as an alternate to DATA.
+.wen
+
.option daemon_smtp_ports main string &`smtp`&
.cindex "port" "for daemon"
.cindex "TCP/IP" "setting listening ports"
not used.
-.new
.option event_action main string&!! unset
.cindex events
This option declares a string to be expanded for Exim's events mechanism.
For details see &<<CHAPevents>>&.
-.wen
.option exim_group main string "compile-time configured"
-.new
.option hosts_proxy main "host list&!!" unset
.cindex proxy "proxy protocol"
This option enables use of Proxy Protocol proxies for incoming
connections. For details see &<<SECTproxyInbound>>&.
-.wen
.option hosts_treat_as_local main "domain list&!!" unset
.option ignore_fromline_local main boolean false
See &%ignore_fromline_hosts%& above.
-.new
.option keep_environment main "string list" unset
.cindex "environment" "values from"
This option contains a string list of environment variables to keep.
environment variables to a fixed value. The environment for &(pipe)&
transports is handled separately, see section &<<SECTpipeenv>>& for
details.
-.wen
.option keep_malformed main time 4d
.option perl_at_start main boolean false
+.cindex "Perl"
This option is available only when Exim is built with an embedded Perl
interpreter. See chapter &<<CHAPperl>>& for details of its use.
.option perl_startup main string unset
+.cindex "Perl"
This option is available only when Exim is built with an embedded Perl
interpreter. See chapter &<<CHAPperl>>& for details of its use.
+.option perl_startup main boolean false
+.cindex "Perl"
+This Option enables the taint mode of the embedded Perl interpreter.
+
.option pgsql_servers main "string list" unset
.cindex "PostgreSQL lookup type" "server list"
-.option queue_run_max main integer 5
+.option queue_run_max main integer&!! 5
.cindex "queue runner" "maximum number of"
This controls the maximum number of queue runner processes that an Exim daemon
can run simultaneously. This does not mean that it starts them all at once,
run. If you do not want queue runs to occur, omit the &%-q%&&'xx'& setting on
the daemon's command line.
+.new
+.cindex queues named
+.cindex "named queues"
+To set limits for different named queues use
+an expansion depending on the &$queue_name$& variable.
+.wen
+
.option queue_smtp_domains main "domain list&!!" unset
.cindex "queueing incoming messages"
.cindex "message" "queueing remote deliveries"
.endd
-.new
.option smtputf8_advertise_hosts main "host list&!!" *
.cindex "SMTPUTF8" "advertising"
When Exim is built with support for internationalised mail names,
the availability therof is advertised in
response to EHLO only to those client hosts that match this option. See
chapter &<<CHAPi18n>>& for details of Exim's support for internationalisation.
-.wen
.option spamd_address main string "see below"
unfortunately not all, operating systems.
-.new
.option tls_advertise_hosts main "host list&!!" *
-.wen
.cindex "TLS" "advertising"
.cindex "encryption" "on SMTP connection"
.cindex "SMTP" "encrypted connection"
of the STARTTLS command to set up an encrypted session is advertised in
response to EHLO only to those client hosts that match this option. See
chapter &<<CHAPTLS>>& for details of Exim's support for TLS.
-.new
Note that the default value requires that a certificate be supplied
-using the &%tls_certificate%& option. If no certificate is available then
-the &%tls_advertise_hosts%& option should be set empty.
-.wen
+using the &%tls_certificate%& option. If TLS support for incoming connections
+is not required the &%tls_advertise_hosts%& option should be set empty.
.option tls_certificate main string&!! unset
Server Name Indication extension, then this option and others documented in
&<<SECTtlssni>>& will be re-expanded.
+.new
+If this option is unset or empty a fresh self-signed certificate will be
+generated for every connection.
+.wen
+
.option tls_crl main string&!! unset
.cindex "TLS" "server certificate revocation list"
.cindex "certificate" "revocation list for server"
Otherwise, the option must expand to the name used by Exim for any of a number
of DH primes specified in RFC 2409, RFC 3526 and RFC 5114. As names, Exim uses
-"ike" followed by the number used by IKE, of "default" which corresponds to
+"ike" followed by the number used by IKE, or "default" which corresponds to
"ike23".
The available primes are:
status proof for the server's certificate, as obtained from the
Certificate Authority.
-.new
Usable for GnuTLS 3.4.4 or 3.3.17 or OpenSSL 1.1.0 (or later).
-.wen
.option tls_on_connect_ports main "string list" unset
.cindex "DNSSEC" "MX lookup"
.cindex "security" "MX lookup"
.cindex "DNS" "DNSSEC"
-DNS lookups for domains matching &%dnssec_request_domains%& will be done with
+DNS lookups for domains matching &%dnssec_require_domains%& will be done with
the dnssec request bit set. Any returns not having the Authenticated Data bit
(AD bit) set will be ignored and logged as a host-lookup failure.
This applies to all of the SRV, MX, AAAA, A lookup sequence.
.endd
.next
.cindex "address redirection" "to black hole"
-Sometimes you want to throw away mail to a particular local part. Making the
-&%data%& option expand to an empty string does not work, because that causes
-the router to decline. Instead, the alias item
+.cindex "delivery" "discard"
+.cindex "delivery" "blackhole"
.cindex "black hole"
.cindex "abandoning mail"
-&':blackhole:'& can be used. It does what its name implies. No delivery is
+Sometimes you want to throw away mail to a particular local part. Making the
+&%data%& option expand to an empty string does not work, because that causes
+the router to decline. Instead, the alias item
+.code
+:blackhole:
+.endd
+can be used. It does what its name implies. No delivery is
done, and no error message is generated. This has the same effect as specifying
&_/dev/null_& as a destination, but it can be independently disabled.
.cindex events
This option declares a string to be expanded for Exim's events mechanism.
For details see &<<CHAPevents>>&.
-.wen
.option group transports string&!! "Exim group"
errors and cause the delivery to be deferred.
Unlike most options, &%headers_remove%& can be specified multiple times
-for a router; all listed headers are removed.
+for a transport; all listed headers are removed.
&*Warning*&: Because of the separate expansion of the list items,
items that contain a list separator must have it doubled.
to ensure that any additional groups associated with the uid are set up.
-.new
.option max_parallel transports integer&!! unset
.cindex limit "transport parallelism"
.cindex transport "parallel processes"
start with &_misc_& and they are kept in the &_spool/db_& directory. There
may be one or two files, depending on the type of DBM in use. The same files
are used for ETRN and smtp transport serialization.
-.wen
.option message_size_limit transports string&!! 0
This option sets up a filtering (in the Unix shell sense) process for messages
at transport time. It should not be confused with mail filtering as set up by
individual users or via a system filter.
-.new
If unset, or expanding to an empty string, no filtering is done.
-.wen
When the message is about to be written out, the command specified by
&%transport_filter%& is started up in a separate, parallel process, and
delivery, the two pipe transports may be run concurrently. You must ensure that
any pipe commands you set up are robust against this happening. If the commands
write to a file, the &%exim_lock%& utility might be of use.
-.new
Alternatively the &%max_parallel%& option could be used with a value
of "1" to enforce serialization.
-.wen
.cindex "DNSSEC" "MX lookup"
.cindex "security" "MX lookup"
.cindex "DNS" "DNSSEC"
-DNS lookups for domains matching &%dnssec_request_domains%& will be done with
+DNS lookups for domains matching &%dnssec_require_domains%& will be done with
the dnssec request bit set. Any returns not having the Authenticated Data bit
(AD bit) set will be ignored and logged as a host-lookup failure.
This applies to all of the SRV, MX, AAAA, A lookup sequence.
unauthenticated. See also &%hosts_require_auth%&, and chapter
&<<CHAPSMTPAUTH>>& for details of authentication.
+.new
+.option hosts_try_chunking smtp "host list&!!" *
+.cindex CHUNKING "enabling, in client"
+.cindex BDAT "SMTP command"
+.cindex "RFC 3030" "CHUNKING"
+This option provides a list of server to which, provided they announce
+CHUNKING support, Exim will attempt to use BDAT commands rather than DATA.
+BDAT will not be used in conjuction with a transport filter.
+.wen
+
.option hosts_try_prdr smtp "host list&!!" *
.cindex "PRDR" "enabling, optional in client"
This option provides a list of servers to which, provided they announce
may be one or two files, depending on the type of DBM in use. The same files
are used for ETRN serialization.
-.new
See also the &%max_parallel%& generic transport option.
-.wen
.option size_addition smtp integer 1024
the use of the SIZE option altogether.
-.new
.option socks_proxy smtp string&!! unset
.cindex proxy SOCKS
This option enables use of SOCKS proxies for connections made by the
transport. For details see &<<SECTproxySOCKS>>&.
-.wen
.option tls_certificate smtp string&!! unset
&url(http://www.gnutls.org/manual/html_node/Priority-Strings.html),
but beware that this relates to GnuTLS 3, which may be newer than the version
installed on your system. If you are using GnuTLS 3,
-&url(http://www.gnutls.org/manual/gnutls.html#Listing-the-ciphersuites-in-a-priority-string, then the example code)
+then the example code
+&url(http://www.gnutls.org/manual/gnutls.html#Listing-the-ciphersuites-in-a-priority-string)
on that site can be used to test a given string.
For example:
If a STARTTLS command is issued within an existing TLS session, it is
rejected with a 554 error code.
-To enable TLS operations on a server, you must set &%tls_advertise_hosts%& to
-match some hosts. You can, of course, set it to * to match all hosts.
-However, this is not all you need to do. TLS sessions to a server won't work
-without some further configuration at the server end.
+To enable TLS operations on a server, the &%tls_advertise_hosts%& option
+must be set to match some hosts. The default is * which matches all hosts.
+
+.new
+If this is all you do, TLS encryption will be enabled but not authentication -
+meaning that the peer has no assurance it is actually you he is talking to.
+You gain protection from a passive sniffer listening on the wire but not
+from someone able to intercept the communication.
+.wen
+
+Further protection requires some further configuration at the server end.
It is rumoured that all existing clients that support TLS/SSL use RSA
encryption. To make this work you need to set, in the server,
proof expires. The downside is that it requires server support.
Unless Exim is built with the support disabled,
-.new
or with GnuTLS earlier than version 3.3.16 / 3.4.8
-.wen
support for OCSP stapling is included.
There is a global option called &%tls_ocsp_file%&.
session, and indeed is required to issue a new EHLO or HELO after successfully
setting up encryption following a STARTTLS command.
-.new
Note also that a deny neither forces the client to go away nor means that
mail will be refused on the connection. Consider checking for
&$sender_helo_name$& being defined in a MAIL or RCPT ACL to do that.
-.wen
If the command is accepted by an &%accept%& verb that has a &%message%&
modifier, the message may not contain more than one line (it will be truncated
the ACL specified by &%acl_smtp_data%&, which is the second ACL that is
associated with the DATA command.
+.new
+.cindex CHUNKING "BDAT command"
+.cindex BDAT "SMTP command"
+.cindex "RFC 3030" CHUNKING
+If CHUNKING was advertised and a BDAT command sequence is received,
+the &%acl_smtp_predata%& ACL is not run.
+. XXX why not? It should be possible, for the first BDAT.
+The &%acl_smtp_data%& is run after the last BDAT command and all of
+the data specified is received.
+.wen
+
For both of these ACLs, it is not possible to reject individual recipients. An
error response rejects the entire message. Unfortunately, it is known that some
MTAs do not treat hard (5&'xx'&) responses to the DATA command (either
PRDR may be used to support per-user content filtering. Without it
one must defer any recipient after the first that has a different
content-filter configuration. With PRDR, the RCPT-time check
-.new
.cindex "PRDR" "variable for"
for this can be disabled when the variable &$prdr_requested$&
is &"yes"&.
-.wen
Any required difference in behaviour of the main DATA-time
ACL should however depend on the PRDR-time ACL having run, as Exim
will avoid doing so in some situations (e.g. single-recipient mails).
effect.
+.new
+.vitem &*queue*&&~=&~<&'text'&>
+This modifier specifies the use of a named queue for spool files
+for the message.
+It can only be used before the message is received (i.e. not in
+the DATA ACL).
+This could be used, for example, for known high-volume burst sources
+of traffic, or for quarantine of messages.
+Separate queue-runner processes will be needed for named queues.
+If the text after expansion is empty, the default queue is used.
+.wen
+
+
.vitem &*remove_header*&&~=&~<&'text'&>
This modifier specifies one or more header names in a colon-separated list
that are to be removed from an incoming message, assuming, of course, that
An attempt to set this option for any recipient but the first
for a mail will be quietly ignored.
If a recipient-verify callout
-.new
(with use_sender)
-.wen
connection is subsequently
requested in the same ACL it is held open and used for
any subsequent recipients and the data,
modified by any of the post-data ACLs (DATA, MIME and DKIM).
Headers may be modified by routers (subject to the above) and transports.
-.new
All the usual ACLs are called; if one results in the message being
rejected, all effort spent in delivery (including the costs on
the ultimate destination) will be wasted.
Note that in the case of data-time ACLs this includes the entire
message body.
-.wen
Cutthrough delivery is not supported via transport-filters or when DKIM signing
of outgoing messages is done, because it sends data to the ultimate destination
&'debuglog'&. The filename can be adjusted with the &'tag'& option, which
may access any variables already defined. The logging may be adjusted with
the &'opts'& option, which takes the same values as the &`-d`& command-line
-option. Some examples (which depend on variables that don't exist in all
+option.
+.new
+Logging may be stopped, and the file removed, with the &'kill'& option.
+.wen
+Some examples (which depend on variables that don't exist in all
contexts):
.code
control = debug
control = debug/tag=.$sender_host_address
control = debug/opts=+expand+acl
control = debug/tag=.$message_exim_id/opts=+expand
+ control = debug/kill
.endd
&*Note:*& This control applies only to the current message, not to any others
that are being submitted at the same time using &%-bs%& or &%-bS%&.
-.new
.vitem &*control&~=&~utf8_downconvert*&
This control enables conversion of UTF-8 in message addresses
to a-label form.
For details see &<<SECTi18nMTA>>&.
-.wen
.endlist vlist
RCPT ACL).
Headers will not be added to the message if the modifier is used in
-DATA, MIME or DKIM ACLs for messages delivered by cutthrough routing.
+DATA, MIME or DKIM ACLs for a message delivered by cutthrough routing.
Leading and trailing newlines are removed from
the data for the &%add_header%& modifier; if it then
with any ACL verb, including &%deny%&, though this is really not useful for
any verb that doesn't result in a delivered message.
-Headers will not be removed to the message if the modifier is used in
-DATA, MIME or DKIM ACLs for messages delivered by cutthrough routing.
+Headers will not be removed from the message if the modifier is used in
+DATA, MIME or DKIM ACLs for a message delivered by cutthrough routing.
More than one header can be removed at the same time by using a colon separated
list of header names. The header matching is case insensitive. Wildcards are
problems such as a syntax error or a memory shortage. For more details, see
chapter &<<CHAPexiscan>>&.
-.vitem &*demime&~=&~*&<&'extension&~list'&>
-.cindex "&%demime%& ACL condition"
-This condition is available only when Exim is compiled with the
-content-scanning extension. Its use is described in section
-&<<SECTdemimecond>>&.
-
.vitem &*dnslists&~=&~*&<&'list&~of&~domain&~names&~and&~other&~data'&>
.cindex "&%dnslists%& ACL condition"
.cindex "DNS list" "in ACL"
.cindex cacheing "of dns lookup"
.cindex DNS TTL
DNS list lookups are cached by Exim for the duration of the SMTP session
-.new
(but limited by the DNS return TTL value),
-.wen
so a lookup based on the IP address is done at most once for any incoming
connection (assuming long-enough TTL).
Exim does not share information between multiple incoming
Two new main configuration options: &%av_scanner%& and &%spamd_address%&.
.endlist
-There is another content-scanning configuration option for &_Local/Makefile_&,
-called WITH_OLD_DEMIME. If this is set, the old, deprecated &%demime%& ACL
-condition is compiled, in addition to all the other content-scanning features.
-
Content-scanning is continually evolving, and new features are still being
added. While such features are still unstable and liable to incompatible
changes, they are made available in Exim by setting options whose names begin
parts of documentation are now available in English. You can get it at
&url(http://linux.mks.com.pl/). The only option for this scanner type is
the maximum number of processes used simultaneously to scan the attachments,
-provided that the demime facility is employed and also provided that mksd has
+provided that mksd has
been run with at least the same number of child processes. For example:
.code
av_scanner = mksd:2
&%message%& modifier that specifies the error returned to the sender, and/or in
logging data.
-If your virus scanner cannot unpack MIME and TNEF containers itself, you should
-use the &%demime%& condition (see section &<<SECTdemimecond>>&) before the
-&%malware%& condition.
-
Beware the interaction of Exim's &%message_size_limit%& with any size limits
imposed by your anti-virus scanner.
Here is a very simple scanning example:
.code
deny message = This message contains malware ($malware_name)
- demime = *
malware = *
.endd
The next example accepts messages when there is a problem with the scanner:
.code
deny message = This message contains malware ($malware_name)
- demime = *
malware = */defer_ok
.endd
The next example shows how to use an ACL variable to scan with both sophie and
Unix and TCP socket specifications may be mixed in any order.
Each element of the list is a list itself, space-separated by default
-and changeable in the usual way.
+and changeable in the usual way; take care to not double the separator.
For TCP socket specifications a host name or IP (v4 or v6, but
subject to list-separator quoting rules) address can be used,
A multiline text table, containing the full SpamAssassin report for the
message. Useful for inclusion in headers or reject messages.
This variable is only usable in a DATA-time ACL.
+.new
+Beware that SpamAssassin may return non-ASCII characters, especially
+when running in country-specific locales, which are not legal
+unencoded in headers.
+.wen
.vitem &$spam_action$&
For SpamAssassin either 'reject' or 'no action' depending on the
&*Warning*&: With large messages, these conditions can be fairly
CPU-intensive.
-
-
-
-.section "The demime condition" "SECTdemimecond"
-.cindex "content scanning" "MIME checking"
-.cindex "MIME content scanning"
-The &%demime%& ACL condition provides MIME unpacking, sanity checking and file
-extension blocking. It is usable only in the DATA and non-SMTP ACLs. The
-&%demime%& condition uses a simpler interface to MIME decoding than the MIME
-ACL functionality, but provides no additional facilities. Please note that this
-condition is deprecated and kept only for backward compatibility. You must set
-the WITH_OLD_DEMIME option in &_Local/Makefile_& at build time to be able to
-use the &%demime%& condition.
-
-The &%demime%& condition unpacks MIME containers in the message. It detects
-errors in MIME containers and can match file extensions found in the message
-against a list. Using this facility produces files containing the unpacked MIME
-parts of the message in the temporary scan directory. If you do antivirus
-scanning, it is recommended that you use the &%demime%& condition before the
-antivirus (&%malware%&) condition.
-
-On the right-hand side of the &%demime%& condition you can pass a
-colon-separated list of file extensions that it should match against. For
-example:
-.code
-deny message = Found blacklisted file attachment
- demime = vbs:com:bat:pif:prf:lnk
-.endd
-If one of the file extensions is found, the condition is true, otherwise it is
-false. If there is a temporary error while demimeing (for example, &"disk
-full"&), the condition defers, and the message is temporarily rejected (unless
-the condition is on a &%warn%& verb).
-
-The right-hand side is expanded before being treated as a list, so you can have
-conditions and lookups there. If it expands to an empty string, &"false"&, or
-zero (&"0"&), no demimeing is done and the condition is false.
-
-The &%demime%& condition set the following variables:
-
-.vlist
-.vitem &$demime_errorlevel$&
-.vindex "&$demime_errorlevel$&"
-When an error is detected in a MIME container, this variable contains the
-severity of the error, as an integer number. The higher the value, the more
-severe the error (the current maximum value is 3). If this variable is unset or
-zero, no error occurred.
-
-.vitem &$demime_reason$&
-.vindex "&$demime_reason$&"
-When &$demime_errorlevel$& is greater than zero, this variable contains a
-human-readable text string describing the MIME error that occurred.
-.endlist
-
-.vlist
-.vitem &$found_extension$&
-.vindex "&$found_extension$&"
-When the &%demime%& condition is true, this variable contains the file
-extension it found.
-.endlist
-
-Both &$demime_errorlevel$& and &$demime_reason$& are set by the first call of
-the &%demime%& condition, and are not changed on subsequent calls.
-
-If you do not want to check for file extensions, but rather use the &%demime%&
-condition for unpacking or error checking purposes, pass &"*"& as the
-right-hand side value. Here is a more elaborate example of how to use this
-facility:
-.code
-# Reject messages with serious MIME container errors
-deny message = Found MIME error ($demime_reason).
- demime = *
- condition = ${if >{$demime_errorlevel}{2}{1}{0}}
-
-# Reject known virus spreading file extensions.
-# Accepting these is pretty much braindead.
-deny message = contains $found_extension file (blacklisted).
- demime = com:vbs:bat:pif:scr
-
-# Freeze .exe and .doc files. Postmaster can
-# examine them and eventually thaw them.
-deny log_message = Another $found_extension file.
- demime = exe:doc
- control = freeze
-.endd
.ecindex IIDcosca
runs the ACL specified by &%acl_smtp_vrfy%& or &%acl_smtp_expn%& (as
appropriate) in order to decide whether the command should be accepted or not.
-.new
.cindex "VRFY" "processing"
When no ACL is defined for VRFY, or if it rejects without
setting an explicit response code, the command is accepted
(with a 252 SMTP response code)
in order to support awkward clients that do a VRFY before every RCPT.
-.wen
When VRFY is accepted, it runs exactly the same code as when Exim is
called with the &%-bv%& option, and returns 250/451/550
SMTP response codes.
timestamp. The flags are:
.display
&`<=`& message arrival
+&`(=`& message fakereject
&`=>`& normal message delivery
&`->`& additional address in same delivery
&`>>`& cutthrough message delivery
&`CV `& certificate verification status
&`D `& duration of &"no mail in SMTP session"&
&`DN `& distinguished name from peer certificate
+&`DS `& DNSSEC secured lookups
&`DT `& on &`=>`& lines: time taken for a delivery
&`F `& sender address (on delivery lines)
&`H `& host name and IP address
&`I `& local interface used
+&`K `& CHUNKING extension used
&`id `& message id for incoming message
&`P `& on &`<=`& lines: protocol used
&` `& on &`=>`& and &`**`& lines: return path
-&`PRX `& on &'<='& and&`=>`& lines: proxy address
+&`PRDR`& PRDR extension used
+&`PRX `& on &'<='& and &`=>`& lines: proxy address
+&`Q `& alternate queue name
&`QT `& on &`=>`& lines: time spent on queue so far
&` `& on &"Completed"& lines: time spent on queue
&`R `& on &`<=`& lines: reference for local bounce
&` deliver_time `& time taken to perform delivery
&` delivery_size `& add &`S=`&&'nnn'& to => lines
&`*dnslist_defer `& defers of DNS list (aka RBL) lookups
+&` dnssec `& DNSSEC secured lookups
&`*etrn `& ETRN commands
&`*host_lookup_failed `& as it says
&` ident_timeout `& timeout for ident connection
&` incoming_interface `& local interface on <= and => lines
&` incoming_port `& remote port on <= lines
&`*lost_incoming_connection `& as it says (includes timeouts)
-.new
&` outgoing_interface `& local interface on => lines
-.wen
&` outgoing_port `& add remote port to => lines
&`*queue_run `& start and end queue runs
&` queue_time `& time on queue for one recipient
&` queue_time_overall `& time on queue for whole message
&` pid `& Exim process id
-.new
&` proxy `& proxy address on <= and => lines
-.wen
&` received_recipients `& recipients on <= lines
&` received_sender `& sender on <= lines
&`*rejected_header `& header contents on reject log
&%dnslist_defer%&: A log entry is written if an attempt to look up a host in a
DNS black list suffers a temporary error.
.next
+.cindex log dnssec
+.cindex dnssec logging
+&%dnssec%&: For message acceptance and (attempted) delivery log lines, when
+dns lookups gave secure results a tag of DS is added.
+For acceptance this covers the reverse and forward lookups for host name verification.
+It does not cover helo-name verification.
+For delivery this covers the SRV, MX, A and/or AAAA lookups.
+.next
.cindex "log" "ETRN commands"
.cindex "ETRN" "logging"
&%etrn%&: Every valid ETRN command that is received is logged, before the ACL
followed by a colon and the port number. The local interface and port are also
added to other SMTP log lines, for example &"SMTP connection from"&, to
rejection lines, and (despite the name) to outgoing &"=>"& and &"->"& lines.
-.new
The latter can be disabled by turning off the &%outgoing_interface%& option.
-.wen
.next
-.new
.cindex log "incoming proxy address"
.cindex proxy "logging proxy address"
.cindex "TCP/IP" "logging proxy address"
on a proxied connection
or the &"=>"& line for a message delivered on a proxied connection..
See &<<SECTproxyInbound>>& for more information.
-.wen
.next
.cindex "log" "incoming remote port"
.cindex "port" "logging remote"
.cindex "log" "local address and port"
.cindex "TCP/IP" "logging local address and port"
.cindex "interface" "logging"
-.new
&%outgoing_interface%&: If &%incoming_interface%& is turned on, then the
interface on which a message was sent is added to delivery lines as an I= tag
followed by IP address in square brackets. You can disable this by turning
off the &%outgoing_interface%& option.
-.wen
.next
.cindex "log" "outgoing remote port"
.cindex "port" "logging outgoint remote"
.cindex "TCP/IP" "logging ougtoing remote port"
&%outgoing_port%&: The remote port number is added to delivery log lines (those
containing => tags) following the IP address.
-.new
The local port is also added if &%incoming_interface%& and
&%outgoing_interface%& are both enabled.
-.wen
This option is not included in the default setting, because for most ordinary
configurations, the remote port number is always 25 (the SMTP port), and the
local port is a random ephemeral port.
be tracked on a per-domain basis, rather than merely upon source IP address.
DKIM is documented in RFC 4871.
-.new
DKIM support is compiled into Exim by default if TLS support is present.
-.wen
It can be disabled by setting DISABLE_DKIM=yes in &_Local/Makefile_&.
Exim's DKIM implementation allows to
.section "Signing outgoing messages" "SECDKIMSIGN"
.cindex "DKIM" "signing"
-Signing is implemented by setting private options on the SMTP transport.
+Signing is enabled by setting private options on the SMTP transport.
These options take (expandable) strings as arguments.
.option dkim_domain smtp string&!! unset
.section "Verifying DKIM signatures in incoming mail" "SECID514"
.cindex "DKIM" "verification"
-Verification of DKIM signatures in incoming email is implemented via the
+Verification of DKIM signatures in SMTP incoming email is implemented via the
&%acl_smtp_dkim%& ACL. By default, this ACL is called once for each
syntactically(!) correct signature in the incoming message.
A missing ACL definition defaults to accept.
.cindex "proxy support"
.cindex "proxy" "access via"
-.new
A proxy is an intermediate system through which communication is passed.
Proxies may provide a security, availability or load-distribution function.
main configuration option to a hostlist; connections from these
hosts will use Proxy Protocol.
+.new
The following expansion variables are usable
(&"internal"& and &"external"& here refer to the interfaces
of the proxy):
.display
-&'proxy_host_address '& internal IP address of the proxy
-&'proxy_host_port '& internal TCP port of the proxy
-&'proxy_target_address '& external IP address of the proxy
-&'proxy_target_port '& external TCP port of the proxy
+&'proxy_external_address '& IP of host being proxied or IP of remote interface of proxy
+&'proxy_external_port '& Port of host being proxied or Port on remote interface of proxy
+&'proxy_local_address '& IP of proxy server inbound or IP of local interface of proxy
+&'proxy_local_port '& Port of proxy server inbound or Port on local interface of proxy
&'proxy_session '& boolean: SMTP connection via proxy
.endd
-If &$proxy_session$& is set but &$proxy_host_address$& is empty
+If &$proxy_session$& is set but &$proxy_external_address$& is empty
there was a protocol error.
+.wen
Since the real connections are all coming from the proxy, and the
per host connection tracking is done before Proxy Protocol is
To log the (local) IP of a proxy in the incoming or delivery logline,
add &"+proxy"& to the &%log_selector%& option.
This will add a component tagged with &"PRX="& to the line.
-.wen
. ////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
. ////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
.cindex i18n
.cindex UTF-8 "mail name handling"
-.new
Exim has support for Internationalised mail names.
To include this it must be built with SUPPORT_I18N and the libidn library.
Standards supported are RFCs 2060, 5890, 6530 and 6533.
Log lines and Received-by: header lines will acquire a "utf8"
prefix on the protocol element, eg. utf8esmtp.
-The following expansion operator can be used:
+The following expansion operators can be used:
.code
${utf8_domain_to_alabel:str}
${utf8_domain_from_alabel:str}
Note that the source charset setting is vital, and also that characters
must be representable in UTF-16.
-.wen
. ////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
. ////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
"Events"
.cindex events
-.new
The events mechanism in Exim can be used to intercept processing at a number
of points. It was originally invented to giave a way to do customised logging
actions (for example, to a database) but can also be used to modify some
chain element received on the connection.
For OpenSSL it will trigger for every chain element including those
loaded locally.
-.wen
. ////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
. ////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
git://git.exim.org / exim.git / blobdiff