1 /*************************************************
2 * Exim - an Internet mail transport agent *
3 *************************************************/
5 /* Copyright (c) University of Cambridge 1995 - 2018 */
6 /* Copyright (c) The Exim Maintainers 2020 */
7 /* See the file NOTICE for conditions of use and distribution. */
9 /* This file contains a function for decoding message header lines that may
10 contain encoded "words" according to the rules described in
12 RFC-2047 at http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2047.txt
14 The function is a rewritten version of code created by Norihisa Washitake.
15 The original could be used both inside Exim (as part of a patch) or in a
16 freestanding form. The original contained some built-in code conversions; I
17 have chosen only to do code conversions if iconv() is supported by the OS.
18 Because there were quite a lot of hacks to be done, for a variety of reasons,
21 You can find the latest version of the original library at
23 http://washitake.com/mail/exim/mime/
25 The code below is almost completely unlike the original. */
31 /*************************************************
32 * Do a QP conversion *
33 *************************************************/
35 /* This function decodes "quoted printable" into bytes.
38 string the string that includes QP escapes
39 ptrptr where to return pointer to the decoded string
41 Returns: the length of the decoded string, or -1 on failure
45 rfc2047_qpdecode(uschar *string, uschar **ptrptr)
50 ptr = *ptrptr = store_get(Ustrlen(string) + 1, is_tainted(string)); /* No longer than this */
56 if (ch == '_') *ptr++ = ' ';
60 int b = (a == 0)? 0 : string[1];
61 if (!isxdigit(a) || !isxdigit(b)) return -1; /* Bad QP string */
62 *ptr++ = ((Ustrchr(hex_digits, tolower(a)) - hex_digits) << 4) +
63 Ustrchr(hex_digits, tolower(b)) - hex_digits;
66 else if (ch == ' ' || ch == '\t') return -1; /* Whitespace is illegal */
78 /*************************************************
79 * Decode next MIME word *
80 *************************************************/
82 /* Scan a string to see if a MIME word exists; pass back the separator
87 lencheck TRUE to enforce maximum length check
88 q1ptr pass back address of first question mark
89 q2ptr pass back address of second question mark
90 endptr pass back address of final ?=
91 dlenptr pass back length of decoded string
92 dptrptr pass back pointer to decoded string
94 Returns: address of =? or NULL if not present
98 decode_mimeword(uschar *string, BOOL lencheck, uschar **q1ptr, uschar **q2ptr,
99 uschar **endptr, size_t *dlenptr, uschar **dptrptr)
102 for (;; string = mimeword + 2)
107 if ((mimeword = Ustrstr(string, "=?")) == NULL ||
108 (*q1ptr = Ustrchr(mimeword+2, '?')) == NULL ||
109 (*q2ptr = Ustrchr(*q1ptr+1, '?')) == NULL ||
110 (*endptr = Ustrstr(*q2ptr+1, "?=")) == NULL) return NULL;
112 /* We have found =?xxx?xxx?xxx?= in the string. Optionally check the
113 length, and that the second field is just one character long. If not,
114 continue the loop to search again. We must start just after the initial =?
115 because we might have found =?xxx=?xxx?xxx?xxx?=. */
117 if ((lencheck && *endptr - mimeword > 73) || *q2ptr - *q1ptr != 2) continue;
119 /* Get the encoding letter, and decode the data string. */
121 encoding = toupper((*q1ptr)[1]);
124 dlen = b64decode(*q2ptr+1, dptrptr);
125 else if (encoding == 'Q')
126 dlen = rfc2047_qpdecode(*q2ptr+1, dptrptr);
127 **endptr = '?'; /* restore */
129 /* If the decoding succeeded, we are done. Set the length of the decoded
130 string, and pass back the initial pointer. Otherwise, the loop continues. */
134 *dlenptr = (size_t)dlen;
139 /* Control should never actually get here */
144 /*************************************************
145 * Decode and convert an RFC 2047 string *
146 *************************************************/
148 /* There are two functions defined here. The original one was rfc2047_decode()
149 and it was documented in the local_scan() interface. I needed to add an extra
150 argument for use by expand_string(), so I created rfc2047_decode2() for that
151 purpose. The original function became a stub that just supplies NULL for the
152 new argument (sizeptr).
154 An RFC 2047-encoded string may contain one or more "words", each of the
155 form =?...?.?...?= with the first ... specifying the character code, the
156 second being Q (for quoted printable) or B for Base64 encoding. The third ...
159 This function first decodes each "word" into bytes from the Q or B encoding.
160 Then, if provided with the name of a charset encoding, and if iconv() is
161 available, it attempts to translate the result to the named character set.
162 If this fails, the binary string is returned with an error message.
164 If a binary zero is encountered in the decoded string, it is replaced by the
165 contents of the zeroval argument. For use with Exim headers, the value must not
166 be 0 because they are handled as zero-terminated strings. When zeroval==0,
167 lenptr should not be NULL.
170 string the subject string
171 lencheck TRUE to enforce maximum MIME word length
172 target the name of the target encoding for MIME words, or NULL for
173 no charset translation
174 zeroval the value to use for binary zero bytes
175 lenptr if not NULL, the length of the result is returned via
177 sizeptr if not NULL, the length of a new store block in which the
178 result is built is placed here; if no new store is obtained,
179 the value is not changed
180 error for error messages; NULL if no problem; this can be set
181 when the yield is non-NULL if there was a charset
184 Returns: the decoded, converted string, or NULL on error; if there are
185 no MIME words in the string, the original string is returned
189 rfc2047_decode2(uschar *string, BOOL lencheck, const uschar *target,
190 int zeroval, int *lenptr, int *sizeptr, uschar **error)
192 int size = Ustrlen(string);
196 uschar *mimeword, *q1, *q2, *endword;
199 mimeword = decode_mimeword(string, lencheck, &q1, &q2, &endword, &dlen, &dptr);
203 if (lenptr) *lenptr = size;
207 /* Scan through the string, decoding MIME words and copying intermediate text,
208 building the result as we go. The result may be longer than the input if it is
209 translated into a multibyte code such as UTF-8. That's why we use the dynamic
210 string building code. */
212 yield = store_get(sizeof(gstring) + ++size, is_tainted(string));
215 yield->s = US(yield + 1);
221 iconv_t icd = (iconv_t)(-1);
224 if (mimeword != string)
225 yield = string_catn(yield, string, mimeword - string);
226 /*XXX that might have to convert an untainted string to a tainted one */
228 /* Do a charset translation if required. This is supported only on hosts
229 that have the iconv() function. Translation errors set error, but carry on,
230 using the untranslated data. If there is more than one error, the message
231 passed back refers to the final one. We use a loop to cater for the case
232 of long strings - the RFC puts limits on the length, but it's best to be
237 if (target && strcmpic(target, mimeword+2) != 0)
238 if ((icd = iconv_open(CS target, CS(mimeword+2))) == (iconv_t)-1)
239 *error = string_sprintf("iconv_open(\"%s\", \"%s\") failed: %s%s",
240 target, mimeword+2, strerror(errno),
241 (errno == EINVAL)? " (maybe unsupported conversion)" : "");
247 uschar *tptr = NULL; /* Stops compiler warning */
252 uschar *outptr = tbuffer;
253 size_t outleft = sizeof(tbuffer);
255 /* If translation is required, go for it. */
257 if (icd != (iconv_t)(-1))
259 (void)iconv(icd, (ICONV_ARG2_TYPE)(&dptr), &dlen, CSS &outptr, &outleft);
261 /* If outptr has been adjusted, there is some output. Set up to add it to
262 the output buffer. The function will have adjusted dptr and dlen. If
263 iconv() stopped because of an error, we'll pick it up next time when
266 If there is no output, we expect there to have been a translation
267 error, because we know there was at least one input byte. We leave the
268 value of tlen as -1, which causes the rest of the input to be copied
271 if (outptr > tbuffer)
274 tlen = outptr - tbuffer;
278 DEBUG(D_any) debug_printf("iconv error translating \"%.*s\" to %s: "
279 "%s\n", (int)(endword + 2 - mimeword), mimeword, target, strerror(errno));
285 /* No charset translation is happening or there was a translation error;
286 just set up the original as the string to be added, and mark it all used.
296 /* Deal with zero values; convert them if requested. */
299 for (int i = 0; i < tlen; i++)
300 if (tptr[i] == 0) tptr[i] = zeroval;
302 /* Add the new string onto the result */
304 yield = string_catn(yield, tptr, tlen);
308 if (icd != (iconv_t)(-1)) iconv_close(icd);
311 /* Update string past the MIME word; skip any white space if the next thing
312 is another MIME word. */
314 string = endword + 2;
315 mimeword = decode_mimeword(string, lencheck, &q1, &q2, &endword, &dlen, &dptr);
319 while (isspace(*s)) s++;
320 if (s == mimeword) string = s;
324 /* Copy the remaining characters of the string, zero-terminate it, and return
325 the length as well if requested. */
327 yield = string_cat(yield, string);
329 if (lenptr) *lenptr = yield->ptr;
330 if (sizeptr) *sizeptr = yield->size;
331 return string_from_gstring(yield);
335 /* This is the stub that provides the original interface without the sizeptr
339 rfc2047_decode(uschar *string, BOOL lencheck, const uschar *target, int zeroval,
340 int *lenptr, uschar **error)
342 return rfc2047_decode2(string, lencheck, target, zeroval, lenptr, NULL, error);
345 /* End of rfc2047.c */