1 /* A program to lock a file exactly as Exim would, for investigation of
4 Options: -fcntl use fcntl() lock
5 -flock use flock() lock
6 -lockfile use lock file
7 -mbx use mbx locking rules, with either fcntl() or flock()
9 Default is -fcntl -lockfile.
11 Argument: the name of the lock file
13 Copyright (c) The Exim Maintainers 2016 - 2021
14 SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
29 #include <sys/utsname.h>
34 /* Not all systems have flock() available. Those that do must define LOCK_SH
42 typedef unsigned BOOL;
47 /* Flag for timeout signal handler */
49 static int sigalrm_seen = FALSE;
52 /* We need to pull in strerror() and os_non_restarting_signal() from the
53 os.c source, if they are required for this OS. However, we don't need any of
54 the other stuff in os.c, so force the other macros to omit it. */
56 #ifndef OS_RESTARTING_SIGNAL
57 #define OS_RESTARTING_SIGNAL
68 #ifndef OS_LOAD_AVERAGE
69 #define OS_LOAD_AVERAGE
72 #ifndef FIND_RUNNING_INTERFACES
73 #define FIND_RUNNING_INTERFACES
76 #ifndef OS_GET_DNS_RESOLVER_RES
77 #define OS_GET_DNS_RESOLVER_RES
80 #include "../src/os.c"
84 /*************************************************
86 *************************************************/
89 sigalrm_handler(int sig)
96 /*************************************************
97 * Give usage and die *
98 *************************************************/
103 printf("usage: exim_lock [-v] [-q] [-lockfile] [-fcntl] [-flock] [-mbx]\n"
104 " [-retries <n>] [-interval <n>] [-timeout <n>] [-restore-times]\n"
105 " <file name> [command]\n");
111 /*************************************************
112 * Apply a lock to a file descriptor *
113 *************************************************/
116 apply_lock(int fd, int fcntltype, BOOL dofcntl, int fcntltime, BOOL doflock,
121 struct flock lock_data;
122 lock_data.l_type = fcntltype;
123 lock_data.l_whence = lock_data.l_start = lock_data.l_len = 0;
125 sigalrm_seen = FALSE;
131 os_non_restarting_signal(SIGALRM, sigalrm_handler);
133 yield = fcntl(fd, F_SETLKW, &lock_data);
138 else yield = fcntl(fd, F_SETLK, &lock_data);
139 if (yield < 0) printf("exim_lock: fcntl() failed: %s\n", strerror(errno));
143 if (doflock && (yield >= 0))
145 int flocktype = (fcntltype == F_WRLCK)? LOCK_EX : LOCK_SH;
148 os_non_restarting_signal(SIGALRM, sigalrm_handler);
150 yield = flock(fd, flocktype);
155 else yield = flock(fd, flocktype | LOCK_NB);
156 if (yield < 0) printf("exim_lock: flock() failed: %s\n", strerror(errno));
165 /*************************************************
166 * The exim_lock program *
167 *************************************************/
169 int main(int argc, char **argv)
171 int lock_retries = 10;
172 int lock_interval = 3;
173 int lock_fcntl_timeout = 0;
174 int lock_flock_timeout = 0;
180 time_t now = time(NULL);
181 BOOL use_lockfile = FALSE;
182 BOOL use_fcntl = FALSE;
183 BOOL use_flock = FALSE;
184 BOOL use_mbx = FALSE;
185 BOOL verbose = FALSE;
187 BOOL restore_times = FALSE;
189 char *lockname = NULL, *hitchname = NULL;
190 char *primary_hostname;
198 for (i = 1; i < argc; i++)
201 if (*arg != '-') break;
202 if (strcmp(arg, "-fcntl") == 0) use_fcntl = TRUE;
203 else if (strcmp(arg, "-flock") == 0) use_flock = TRUE;
204 else if (strcmp(arg, "-lockfile") == 0) use_lockfile = TRUE;
205 else if (strcmp(arg, "-mbx") == 0) use_mbx = TRUE;
206 else if (strcmp(arg, "-v") == 0) verbose = TRUE;
207 else if (strcmp(arg, "-q") == 0) quiet = TRUE;
208 else if (strcmp(arg, "-restore-times") == 0) restore_times = TRUE;
211 int value = atoi(argv[i]);
212 if (strcmp(arg, "-retries") == 0) lock_retries = value;
213 else if (strcmp(arg, "-interval") == 0) lock_interval = value;
214 else if (strcmp(arg, "-timeout") == 0)
215 lock_fcntl_timeout = lock_flock_timeout = value;
221 if (quiet) verbose = FALSE;
223 /* Can't use flock() if the OS doesn't provide it */
228 printf("exim_lock: can't use flock() because it was not available in the\n"
229 " operating system when exim_lock was compiled\n");
234 /* Default is to use lockfiles and fcntl(). */
236 if (!use_lockfile && !use_fcntl && !use_flock && !use_mbx)
237 use_lockfile = use_fcntl = TRUE;
239 /* Default fcntl() for use with mbx */
241 if (use_mbx && !use_fcntl && !use_flock) use_fcntl = TRUE;
243 /* Unset unused timeouts */
245 if (!use_fcntl) lock_fcntl_timeout = 0;
246 if (!use_flock) lock_flock_timeout = 0;
248 /* A file name is required */
250 if (i >= argc) usage();
252 filename = argv[i++];
254 /* Expand file names starting with ~ */
256 if (*filename == '~')
260 if (*(++filename) == '/')
261 pw = getpwuid(getuid());
265 while (*filename != 0 && *filename != '/')
268 pw = getpwnam(buffer);
273 printf("exim_lock: unable to expand file name %s\n", argv[i-1]);
277 if ((int)strlen(pw->pw_dir) + (int)strlen(filename) + 1 > sizeof(buffer))
279 printf("exim_lock: expanded file name %s%s is too long", pw->pw_dir,
284 strcpy(buffer, pw->pw_dir);
285 strcat(buffer, filename);
289 /* If using a lock file, prepare by creating the lock file name and
290 the hitching post name. */
296 printf("exim_lock: failed to find host name using uname()\n");
299 primary_hostname = s.nodename;
301 len = (int)strlen(filename);
302 lockname = malloc(len + 8);
303 sprintf(lockname, "%s.lock", filename);
304 hitchname = malloc(len + 32 + (int)strlen(primary_hostname));
306 /* Presumably, this must match appendfile.c */
307 sprintf(hitchname, "%s.%s.%08x.%08x", lockname, primary_hostname,
308 (unsigned int)now, (unsigned int)getpid());
311 printf("exim_lock: lockname = %s\n hitchname = %s\n", lockname,
315 /* Locking retry loop */
317 for (j = 0; j < lock_retries; j++)
319 int sleep_before_retry = TRUE;
320 struct stat statbuf, ostatbuf, lstatbuf, statbuf2;
323 /* Try to build a lock file if so configured */
328 if (verbose) printf("exim_lock: creating lock file\n");
329 hd = open(hitchname, O_WRONLY | O_CREAT | O_EXCL, 0440);
332 printf("exim_lock: failed to create hitching post %s: %s\n", hitchname,
337 /* Apply hitching post algorithm. */
339 if ((rc = link(hitchname, lockname)) != 0)
340 rc2 = fstat(hd, &statbuf);
344 if (rc != 0 && (rc2 != 0 || statbuf.st_nlink != 2))
346 printf("exim_lock: failed to link hitching post to lock file\n");
351 if (!quiet) printf("exim_lock: lock file successfully created\n");
354 /* We are done if no other locking required. */
356 if (!use_fcntl && !use_flock && !use_mbx) break;
358 /* Open the file for writing. */
360 if ((fd = open(filename, O_RDWR + O_APPEND)) < 0)
362 printf("exim_lock: failed to open %s for writing: %s\n", filename,
368 /* If there is a timeout, implying blocked locking, we don't want to
369 sleep before any retries after this. */
371 if (lock_fcntl_timeout > 0 || lock_flock_timeout > 0)
372 sleep_before_retry = FALSE;
374 /* Lock using fcntl. There are pros and cons to using a blocking call vs
375 a non-blocking call and retries. Exim is non-blocking by default, but setting
376 a timeout changes it to blocking. */
378 if (!use_mbx && (use_fcntl || use_flock))
379 if (apply_lock(fd, F_WRLCK, use_fcntl, lock_fcntl_timeout, use_flock,
380 lock_flock_timeout) >= 0)
384 if (use_fcntl) printf("exim_lock: fcntl() lock successfully applied\n");
385 if (use_flock) printf("exim_lock: flock() lock successfully applied\n");
390 goto RETRY; /* Message already output */
392 /* Lock using MBX rules. This is complicated and is documented with the
393 source of the c-client library that goes with Pine and IMAP. What has to
394 be done to interwork correctly is to take out a shared lock on the mailbox,
395 and an exclusive lock on a /tmp file. */
399 if (apply_lock(fd, F_RDLCK, use_fcntl, lock_fcntl_timeout, use_flock,
400 lock_flock_timeout) >= 0)
405 printf("exim_lock: fcntl() read lock successfully applied\n");
407 printf("exim_lock: fcntl() read lock successfully applied\n");
410 else goto RETRY; /* Message already output */
412 if (fstat(fd, &statbuf) < 0)
414 printf("exim_lock: fstat() of %s failed: %s\n", filename,
420 /* Set up file in /tmp and check its state if already existing. */
422 sprintf(tempname, "/tmp/.%lx.%lx", (long)statbuf.st_dev,
423 (long)statbuf.st_ino);
425 if (lstat(tempname, &statbuf) >= 0)
427 if ((statbuf.st_mode & S_IFMT) == S_IFLNK)
429 printf("exim_lock: symbolic link on lock name %s\n", tempname);
433 if (statbuf.st_nlink > 1)
435 printf("exim_lock: hard link to lock name %s\n", tempname);
441 mbx_tmp_oflags = O_RDWR | O_CREAT;
443 mbx_tmp_oflags |= O_NOFOLLOW;
445 md = open(tempname, mbx_tmp_oflags, 0600);
448 printf("exim_lock: failed to create mbx lock file %s: %s\n",
449 tempname, strerror(errno));
453 /* security fixes from 2010-05 */
454 if (lstat(tempname, &lstatbuf) < 0)
456 printf("exim_lock: failed to lstat(%s) after opening it: %s\n",
457 tempname, strerror(errno));
460 if (fstat(md, &statbuf2) < 0)
462 printf("exim_lock: failed to fstat() open fd of \"%s\": %s\n",
463 tempname, strerror(errno));
466 if ((statbuf2.st_nlink > 1) ||
467 (lstatbuf.st_nlink > 1) ||
468 (!S_ISREG(lstatbuf.st_mode)) ||
469 (lstatbuf.st_dev != statbuf2.st_dev) ||
470 (lstatbuf.st_ino != statbuf2.st_ino))
472 printf("exim_lock: race condition exploited against us when "
473 "locking \"%s\"\n", tempname);
477 (void)chmod(tempname, 0600);
479 if (apply_lock(md, F_WRLCK, use_fcntl, lock_fcntl_timeout, use_flock,
480 lock_flock_timeout) >= 0)
485 printf("exim_lock: fcntl() lock successfully applied to mbx "
486 "lock file %s\n", tempname);
488 printf("exim_lock: flock() lock successfully applied to mbx "
489 "lock file %s\n", tempname);
492 /* This test checks for a race condition */
494 if (lstat(tempname, &statbuf) != 0 ||
495 fstat(md, &ostatbuf) != 0 ||
496 statbuf.st_dev != ostatbuf.st_dev ||
497 statbuf.st_ino != ostatbuf.st_ino)
499 if (!quiet) printf("exim_lock: mbx lock file %s changed between "
500 "creation and locking\n", tempname);
505 else goto RETRY; /* Message already output */
508 /* Clean up before retrying */
515 printf("exim_lock: close %s failed: %s\n", tempname, strerror(errno));
517 if (!quiet) printf("exim_lock: %s closed\n", tempname);
524 printf("exim_lock: close failed: %s\n", strerror(errno));
526 if (!quiet) printf("exim_lock: file closed\n");
532 if (unlink(lockname) < 0)
533 printf("exim_lock: unlink of %s failed: %s\n", lockname, strerror(errno));
535 if (!quiet) printf("exim_lock: lock file removed\n");
539 /* If a blocking call timed out, break the retry loop if the total time
540 so far is not less than than retries * interval. */
543 (j + 1) * ((lock_fcntl_timeout > lock_flock_timeout)?
544 lock_fcntl_timeout : lock_flock_timeout) >=
545 lock_retries * lock_interval)
548 /* Wait a bit before retrying, except when it was a blocked fcntl() that
549 caused the problem. */
551 if (j < lock_retries && sleep_before_retry)
553 printf(" ... waiting\n");
554 sleep(lock_interval);
558 if (j >= lock_retries)
560 printf("exim_lock: locking failed too many times\n");
565 if (!quiet) printf("exim_lock: locking %s succeeded: ", filename);
567 /* If there are no further arguments, run the user's shell; otherwise
568 the next argument is a command to run. */
572 command = getenv("SHELL");
573 if (command == NULL || *command == 0) command = "/bin/sh";
574 if (!quiet) printf("running %s ...\n", command);
579 if (!quiet) printf("running the command ...\n");
582 /* Run the command, saving and restoring the times if required. */
586 struct stat strestore;
587 #ifdef EXIM_HAVE_FUTIMENS
588 int fd = open(filename, O_RDWR); /* use fd for both get & restore */
589 struct timespec tt[2];
593 printf("open '%s': %s\n", filename, strerror(errno));
597 if (fstat(fd, &strestore) != 0)
599 printf("fstat '%s': %s\n", filename, strerror(errno));
605 tt[0] = strestore.st_atim;
606 tt[1] = strestore.st_mtim;
607 (void) futimens(fd, tt);
612 stat(filename, &strestore);
614 ut.actime = strestore.st_atime;
615 ut.modtime = strestore.st_mtime;
616 utime(filename, &ut);
619 else i = system(command);
621 if(i && !quiet) printf("warning: nonzero status %d\n", i);
623 /* Remove the locks and exit. Unlink the /tmp file if we can get an exclusive
624 lock on the mailbox. This should be a non-blocking lock call, as there is no
631 if (apply_lock(fd, F_WRLCK, use_fcntl, 0, use_flock, 0) >= 0)
633 if (!quiet) printf("exim_lock: %s unlinked - no sharers\n", tempname);
637 printf("exim_lock: %s not unlinked - unable to get exclusive mailbox lock\n",
640 printf("exim_lock: close %s failed: %s\n", tempname, strerror(errno));
642 if (!quiet) printf("exim_lock: %s closed\n", tempname);
648 printf("exim_lock: close %s failed: %s\n", filename, strerror(errno));
650 if (!quiet) printf("exim_lock: %s closed\n", filename);
655 if (unlink(lockname) < 0)
656 printf("exim_lock: unlink %s failed: %s\n", lockname, strerror(errno));
658 if (!quiet) printf("exim_lock: lock file removed\n");