X-Git-Url: https://git.exim.org/users/jgh/exim.git/blobdiff_plain/0160bfb8f6435449f80ccd8a8d20a0d749c0624d..44cb15a8ff06c99f6791440c61a161935d0ccf8c:/doc/doc-docbook/spec.xfpt

diff --git a/doc/doc-docbook/spec.xfpt b/doc/doc-docbook/spec.xfpt
index e3df0854e..c831e6cc4 100644
--- a/doc/doc-docbook/spec.xfpt
+++ b/doc/doc-docbook/spec.xfpt
@@ -45,7 +45,7 @@
 . Update the Copyright year (only) when changing content.
 . /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
 
-.set previousversion "4.83"
+.set previousversion "4.84"
 .include ./local_params
 
 .set ACL "access control lists (ACLs)"
@@ -5567,7 +5567,7 @@ of an incoming SMTP connection.
 If you have hosts for which you trust RFC1413 and need this
 information, you can change this.
 
-This line enables an efficiency SMTP option.  It is negociated by clients
+This line enables an efficiency SMTP option.  It is negotiated by clients
 and not expected to cause problems but can be disabled if needed.
 .code
 prdr_enable = true
@@ -6892,10 +6892,8 @@ white space is ignored.
 For an MX lookup, both the preference value and the host name are returned for
 each record, separated by a space. For an SRV lookup, the priority, weight,
 port, and host name are returned for each record, separated by spaces.
-.new
 An alternate field separator can be specified using a comma after the main
 separator character, followed immediately by the field separator.
-.wen
 
 .cindex "TXT record" "in &(dnsdb)& lookup"
 .cindex "SPF record" "in &(dnsdb)& lookup"
@@ -6912,6 +6910,46 @@ ${lookup dnsdb{spf=example.org}}
 It is permitted to specify a space as the separator character. Further
 white space is ignored.
 
+.section "Dnsdb lookup modifiers" "SECTdnsdb_mod"
+.cindex "dnsdb modifiers"
+.cindex "modifiers" "dnsdb"
+.cindex "options" "dnsdb"
+Modifiers for &(dnsdb)& lookups are givien by optional keywords,
+each followed by a comma,
+that may appear before the record type.
+
+The &(dnsdb)& lookup fails only if all the DNS lookups fail. If there is a
+temporary DNS error for any of them, the behaviour is controlled by
+a defer-option modifier.
+The possible keywords are
+&"defer_strict"&, &"defer_never"&, and &"defer_lax"&.
+With &"strict"& behaviour, any temporary DNS error causes the
+whole lookup to defer. With &"never"& behaviour, a temporary DNS error is
+ignored, and the behaviour is as if the DNS lookup failed to find anything.
+With &"lax"& behaviour, all the queries are attempted, but a temporary DNS
+error causes the whole lookup to defer only if none of the other lookups
+succeed. The default is &"lax"&, so the following lookups are equivalent:
+.code
+${lookup dnsdb{defer_lax,a=one.host.com:two.host.com}}
+${lookup dnsdb{a=one.host.com:two.host.com}}
+.endd
+Thus, in the default case, as long as at least one of the DNS lookups
+yields some data, the lookup succeeds.
+
+.cindex "DNSSEC" "dns lookup"
+Use of &(DNSSEC)& is controlled by a dnssec modifier.
+The possible keywords are
+&"dnssec_strict"&, &"dnssec_lax"&, and &"dnssec_never"&.
+With &"strict"& or &"lax"& DNSSEC information is requested
+with the lookup.
+With &"strict"& a response from the DNS resolver that
+is not labelled as authenticated data
+is treated as equivalent to a temporary DNS error.
+The default is &"never"&.
+
+See also the &$lookup_dnssec_authenticated$& variable.
+
+
 .section "Pseudo dnsdb record types" "SECID66"
 .cindex "MX record" "in &(dnsdb)& lookup"
 By default, both the preference value and the host name are returned for
@@ -6987,41 +7025,6 @@ The data from each lookup is concatenated, with newline separators by default,
 in the same way that multiple DNS records for a single item are handled. A
 different separator can be specified, as described above.
 
-Modifiers for &(dnsdb)& lookups are givien by optional keywords,
-each followed by a comma,
-that may appear before the record type.
-
-The &(dnsdb)& lookup fails only if all the DNS lookups fail. If there is a
-temporary DNS error for any of them, the behaviour is controlled by
-a defer-option modifier.
-The possible keywords are
-&"defer_strict"&, &"defer_never"&, and &"defer_lax"&.
-With &"strict"& behaviour, any temporary DNS error causes the
-whole lookup to defer. With &"never"& behaviour, a temporary DNS error is
-ignored, and the behaviour is as if the DNS lookup failed to find anything.
-With &"lax"& behaviour, all the queries are attempted, but a temporary DNS
-error causes the whole lookup to defer only if none of the other lookups
-succeed. The default is &"lax"&, so the following lookups are equivalent:
-.code
-${lookup dnsdb{defer_lax,a=one.host.com:two.host.com}}
-${lookup dnsdb{a=one.host.com:two.host.com}}
-.endd
-Thus, in the default case, as long as at least one of the DNS lookups
-yields some data, the lookup succeeds.
-
-.cindex "DNSSEC" "dns lookup"
-Use of &(DNSSEC)& is controlled by a dnssec modifier.
-The possible keywords are
-&"dnssec_strict"&, &"dnssec_lax"&, and &"dnssec_never"&.
-With &"strict"& or &"lax"& DNSSEC information is requested
-with the lookup.
-With &"strict"& a response from the DNS resolver that
-is not labelled as authenticated data
-is treated as equivalent to a temporary DNS error.
-The default is &"never"&.
-
-See also the &$lookup_dnssec_authenticated$& variable.
-
 
 
 
@@ -7342,15 +7345,12 @@ If you specify multiple attributes, the result contains space-separated, quoted
 strings, each preceded by the attribute name and an equals sign. Within the
 quotes, the quote character, backslash, and newline are escaped with
 backslashes, and commas are used to separate multiple values for the attribute.
-.new
 Any commas in attribute values are doubled
 (permitting treatment of the values as a comma-separated list).
-.wen
 Apart from the escaping, the string within quotes takes the same form as the
 output when a single attribute is requested. Specifying no attributes is the
 same as specifying all of an entry's attributes.
 
-.new
 Here are some examples of the output format. The first line of each pair is an
 LDAP query, and the second is the data that is returned. The attribute called
 &%attr1%& has two values, one of them with an embedded comma, whereas
@@ -7368,18 +7368,15 @@ attr1="value1.1,value1,,2" attr2="value two"
 ldap:///o=base??sub?(uid=fred)
 objectClass="top" attr1="value1.1,value1,,2" attr2="value two"
 .endd
-.wen
 You can
 make use of Exim's &%-be%& option to run expansion tests and thereby check the
 results of LDAP lookups.
 The &%extract%& operator in string expansions can be used to pick out
 individual fields from data that consists of &'key'&=&'value'& pairs.
-.new
 The &%listextract%& operator should be used to pick out individual values
 of attributes, even when only a single value is expected.
 The doubling of embedded commas allows you to use the returned data as a
 comma separated list (using the "<," syntax for changing the input list separator).
-.wen
 
 
 
@@ -8939,8 +8936,10 @@ a right angle-bracket followed immediately by the new separator.
 Recognised RDN type labels include "CN", "O", "OU" and "DC".
 
 The field selectors marked as "time" above
-may output a number of seconds since epoch
-if the modifier "int" is used.
+take an optional modifier of "int"
+for which the result is the number of seconds since epoch.
+Otherwise the result is a human-readable string
+in the timezone selected by the main "timezone" option.
 
 The field selectors marked as "list" above return a list,
 newline-separated by default,
@@ -9507,7 +9506,7 @@ locks out the use of this expansion item in filter files.
 .cindex "expansion" "inserting from a socket"
 .cindex "socket, use of in expansion"
 .cindex "&%readsocket%& expansion item"
-This item inserts data from a Unix domain or Internet socket into the expanded
+This item inserts data from a Unix domain or TCP socket into the expanded
 string. The minimal way of using it uses just two arguments, as in these
 examples:
 .code
@@ -9698,7 +9697,6 @@ the regular expression from string expansion.
 
 
 
-.new
 .vitem &*${sort{*&<&'string'&>&*}{*&<&'comparator'&>&*}{*&<&'extractor'&>&*}}*&
 .cindex sorting a list
 .cindex list sorting
@@ -9726,7 +9724,6 @@ sorts a list of numbers, and
 ${sort {$lookup dnsdb{>:,,mx=example.com}} {<} {${listextract{1}{<,$item}}}}
 .endd
 will sort an MX lookup into priority order.
-.wen
 
 
 .vitem &*${substr{*&<&'string1'&>&*}{*&<&'string2'&>&*}{*&<&'string3'&>&*}}*&
@@ -11930,10 +11927,7 @@ on which interface and/or port is being used for the incoming connection. The
 values of &$received_ip_address$& and &$received_port$& are saved with any
 messages that are received, thus making these variables available at delivery
 time.
-
-&*Note:*& There are no equivalent variables for outgoing connections, because
-the values are unknown (unless they are explicitly set by options of the
-&(smtp)& transport).
+For outbound connections see &$sending_ip_address$&.
 
 .vitem &$received_port$&
 .vindex "&$received_port$&"
@@ -12152,8 +12146,9 @@ the &%-bs%& or &%-bS%& options.
 
 .vitem &$sender_host_address$&
 .vindex "&$sender_host_address$&"
-When a message is received from a remote host, this variable contains that
-host's IP address. For locally submitted messages, it is empty.
+When a message is received from a remote host using SMTP,
+this variable contains that
+host's IP address. For locally non-SMTP submitted messages, it is empty.
 
 .vitem &$sender_host_authenticated$&
 .vindex "&$sender_host_authenticated$&"
@@ -12409,9 +12404,7 @@ If TLS has not been negotiated, the value will be 0.
 This variable refers to the certificate presented to the peer of an
 inbound connection when the message was received.
 It is only useful as the argument of a
-.new
 &%certextract%& expansion item, &%md5%&, &%sha1%& or &%sha256%& operator,
-.wen
 or a &%def%& condition.
 
 .vitem &$tls_in_peercert$&
@@ -12419,27 +12412,21 @@ or a &%def%& condition.
 This variable refers to the certificate presented by the peer of an
 inbound connection when the message was received.
 It is only useful as the argument of a
-.new
 &%certextract%& expansion item, &%md5%&, &%sha1%& or &%sha256%& operator,
-.wen
 or a &%def%& condition.
 
 .vitem &$tls_out_ourcert$&
 .vindex "&$tls_out_ourcert$&"
 This variable refers to the certificate presented to the peer of an
 outbound connection.  It is only useful as the argument of a
-.new
 &%certextract%& expansion item, &%md5%&, &%sha1%& or &%sha256%& operator,
-.wen
 or a &%def%& condition.
 
 .vitem &$tls_out_peercert$&
 .vindex "&$tls_out_peercert$&"
 This variable refers to the certificate presented by the peer of an
 outbound connection.  It is only useful as the argument of a
-.new
 &%certextract%& expansion item, &%md5%&, &%sha1%& or &%sha256%& operator,
-.wen
 or a &%def%& condition.
 
 .vitem &$tls_in_certificate_verified$&
@@ -12592,6 +12579,13 @@ This variable contains the result of an expansion lookup, extraction operation,
 or external command, as described above. It is also used during a
 &*reduce*& expansion.
 
+.vitem &$verify_mode$&
+.vindex "&$verify_mode$&"
+While a router or transport is being run in verify mode
+or for cutthrough delivery,
+contains "S" for sender-verification or "R" for recipient-verification.
+Otherwise, empty.
+
 .vitem &$version_number$&
 .vindex "&$version_number$&"
 The version number of Exim.
@@ -15054,16 +15048,21 @@ yourself in the foot in various unpleasant ways.  This option should not be
 adjusted lightly.  An unrecognised item will be detected at startup, by
 invoking Exim with the &%-bV%& flag.
 
+The option affects Exim operating both as a server and as a client.
+
 Historical note: prior to release 4.80, Exim defaulted this value to
 "+dont_insert_empty_fragments", which may still be needed for compatibility
 with some clients, but which lowers security by increasing exposure to
 some now infamous attacks.
 
-An example:
+Examples:
 .code
 # Make both old MS and old Eudora happy:
 openssl_options = -all +microsoft_big_sslv3_buffer \
                        +dont_insert_empty_fragments
+
+# Disable older protocol versions:
+openssl_options = +no_sslv2 +no_sslv3
 .endd
 
 Possible options may include:
@@ -16490,12 +16489,17 @@ directory containing certificate files.
 For earlier versions of GnuTLS
 the option must be set to the name of a single file.
 
+With OpenSSL the certificates specified
+explicitly
+either by file or directory
+are added to those given by the system default location.
+
 These certificates should be for the certificate authorities trusted, rather
 than the public cert of individual clients.  With both OpenSSL and GnuTLS, if
 the value is a file then the certificates are sent by Exim as a server to
 connecting clients, defining the list of accepted certificate authorities.
 Thus the values defined should be considered public data.  To avoid this,
-use OpenSSL with a directory.
+use the explicit directory version.
 
 See &<<SECTtlssni>>& for discussion of when this option might be re-expanded.
 
@@ -16864,7 +16868,6 @@ If the expansion fails (other than forced failure) delivery is deferred. Some
 of the other precondition options are common special cases that could in fact
 be specified using &%condition%&.
 
-.new
 Historical note: We have &%condition%& on ACLs and on Routers.  Routers
 are far older, and use one set of semantics.  ACLs are newer and when
 they were created, the ACL &%condition%& process was given far stricter
@@ -16904,7 +16907,6 @@ true, as the result of expansion is a non-empty string which doesn't
 match an explicit false value.  This can be tricky to debug.  By
 contrast, in an ACL either of those strings will always result in an
 expansion error because the result doesn't look sufficiently boolean.
-.wen
 
 
 .option debug_print routers string&!! unset
@@ -17779,6 +17781,7 @@ delivering in cutthrough mode
 or testing recipient verification using &%-bv%&.
 See section &<<SECTrouprecon>>& for a list of the order in which preconditions
 are evaluated.
+See also the &$verify_mode$& variable.
 
 
 .option verify_sender routers&!? boolean true
@@ -17786,6 +17789,7 @@ If this option is false, the router is skipped when verifying sender addresses
 or testing sender verification using &%-bvs%&.
 See section &<<SECTrouprecon>>& for a list of the order in which preconditions
 are evaluated.
+See also the &$verify_mode$& variable.
 .ecindex IIDgenoprou1
 .ecindex IIDgenoprou2
 
@@ -23414,7 +23418,7 @@ unknown state), opens a new one to the same host, and then tries the delivery
 in clear.
 
 
-.option tls_try_verify_hosts smtp "host list&!! unset
+.option tls_try_verify_hosts smtp "host list&!!" unset
 .cindex "TLS" "server certificate verification"
 .cindex "certificate" "verification of server"
 This option gives a list of hosts for which, on encrypted connections,
@@ -23422,7 +23426,7 @@ certificate verification will be tried but need not succeed.
 The &%tls_verify_certificates%& option must also be set.
 Note that unless the host is in this list
 TLS connections will be denied to hosts using self-signed certificates
-when &%tls_verify_certificates%& is set.
+when &%tls_verify_certificates%& is matched.
 The &$tls_out_certificate_verified$& variable is set when
 certificate verification succeeds.
 
@@ -23441,6 +23445,12 @@ you can set
 files.
 For earlier versions of GnuTLS the option must be set to the name of a
 single file.
+
+With OpenSSL the certificates specified
+explicitly
+either by file or directory
+are added to those given by the system default location.
+
 The values of &$host$& and
 &$host_address$& are set to the name and address of the server during the
 expansion of this option. See chapter &<<CHAPTLS>>& for details of TLS.
@@ -23450,7 +23460,7 @@ if neither tls_verify_hosts nor tls_try_verify_hosts are set
 and certificate verification fails the TLS connection is closed.
 
 
-.option tls_verify_hosts smtp "host list&!! unset
+.option tls_verify_hosts smtp "host list&!!" unset
 .cindex "TLS" "server certificate verification"
 .cindex "certificate" "verification of server"
 This option gives a list of hosts for which. on encrypted connections,
@@ -26121,7 +26131,8 @@ The GnuTLS library allows the caller to provide a "priority string", documented
 as part of the &[gnutls_priority_init]& function.  This is very similar to the
 ciphersuite specification in OpenSSL.
 
-The &%tls_require_ciphers%& option is treated as the GnuTLS priority string.
+The &%tls_require_ciphers%& option is treated as the GnuTLS priority string
+and controls both protocols and ciphers.
 
 The &%tls_require_ciphers%& option is available both as an global option,
 controlling how Exim behaves as a server, and also as an option of the
@@ -26138,6 +26149,12 @@ installed on your system.  If you are using GnuTLS 3,
 &url(http://www.gnutls.org/manual/gnutls.html#Listing-the-ciphersuites-in-a-priority-string, then the example code)
 on that site can be used to test a given string.
 
+For example:
+.code
+# Disable older versions of protocols
+tls_require_ciphers = NORMAL:%LATEST_RECORD_VERSION:-VERS-SSL3.0
+.endd
+
 Prior to Exim 4.80, an older API of GnuTLS was used, and Exim supported three
 additional options, "&%gnutls_require_kx%&", "&%gnutls_require_mac%&" and
 "&%gnutls_require_protocols%&".  &%tls_require_ciphers%& was an Exim list.
@@ -26188,8 +26205,11 @@ tls_privatekey = /some/file/name
 These options are, in fact, expanded strings, so you can make them depend on
 the identity of the client that is connected if you wish. The first file
 contains the server's X509 certificate, and the second contains the private key
-that goes with it. These files need to be readable by the Exim user, and must
-always be given as full path names. They can be the same file if both the
+that goes with it. These files need to be
+PEM format and readable by the Exim user, and must
+always be given as full path names.
+The key must not be password-protected.
+They can be the same file if both the
 certificate and the key are contained within it. If &%tls_privatekey%& is not
 set, or if its expansion is forced to fail or results in an empty string, this
 is assumed to be the case. The certificate file may also contain intermediate
@@ -26538,7 +26558,7 @@ during TLS session handshake, to permit alternative values to be chosen:
 &%tls_verify_certificates%&
 .next
 .vindex "&%tls_ocsp_file%&"
-&%tls_verify_certificates%&
+&%tls_ocsp_file%&
 .endlist
 
 Great care should be taken to deal with matters of case, various injection
@@ -27735,10 +27755,8 @@ anyway. If the message contains newlines, this gives rise to a multi-line SMTP
 response.
 
 .vindex "&$acl_verify_message$&"
-.new
 For ACLs that are called by an &%acl =%& ACL condition, the message is
 stored in &$acl_verify_message$&, from which the calling ACL may use it.
-.wen
 
 If &%message%& is used on a statement that verifies an address, the message
 specified overrides any message that is generated by the verification process.
@@ -27847,10 +27865,16 @@ is what is wanted for subsequent tests.
 .cindex "&ACL;" "cutthrough routing"
 .cindex "cutthrough" "requesting"
 This option requests delivery be attempted while the item is being received.
-It is usable in the RCPT ACL and valid only for single-recipient mails forwarded
-from one SMTP connection to another.  If a recipient-verify callout connection is
-requested in the same ACL it is held open and used for the data, otherwise one is made
-after the ACL completes.
+
+The option usable in the RCPT ACL.
+If enabled for a message recieved via smtp and routed to an smtp transport,
+and the message has only one recipient,
+then the delivery connection is made while the receiving connection is open
+and data is copied from one to the other.
+
+If a recipient-verify callout connection is subsequently
+requested in the same ACL it is held open and used for the data,
+otherwise one is made after the initial RCPT ACL completes.
 
 Note that routers are used in verify mode,
 and cannot depend on content of received headers.
@@ -27865,11 +27889,12 @@ before the entire message has been received from the source.
 Should the ultimate destination system positively accept or reject the mail,
 a corresponding indication is given to the source system and nothing is queued.
 If there is a temporary error the item is queued for later delivery in the
-usual fashion. If the item is successfully delivered in cutthrough mode the log line
-is tagged with ">>" rather than "=>" and appears before the acceptance "<="
-line.
+usual fashion. If the item is successfully delivered in cutthrough mode
+the log line is tagged with ">>" rather than "=>" and appears
+before the acceptance "<=" line.
 
-Delivery in this mode avoids the generation of a bounce mail to a (possibly faked)
+Delivery in this mode avoids the generation of a bounce mail to a
+(possibly faked)
 sender when the destination system is doing content-scan based rejection.
 
 
@@ -30321,9 +30346,13 @@ av_scanner = cmdline:\
 .endd
 .vitem &%drweb%&
 .cindex "virus scanners" "DrWeb"
-The DrWeb daemon scanner (&url(http://www.sald.com/)) interface takes one
-argument, either a full path to a UNIX socket, or an IP address and port
-separated by white space, as in these examples:
+The DrWeb daemon scanner (&url(http://www.sald.com/)) interface
+takes one option,
+either a full path to a UNIX socket,
+or host and port specifiers separated by white space.
+The host may be a name or an IP address; the port is either a
+single number or a pair of numbers with a dash between.
+For example:
 .code
 av_scanner = drweb:/var/run/drwebd.sock
 av_scanner = drweb:192.168.2.20 31337
@@ -30331,6 +30360,17 @@ av_scanner = drweb:192.168.2.20 31337
 If you omit the argument, the default path &_/usr/local/drweb/run/drwebd.sock_&
 is used. Thanks to Alex Miller for contributing the code for this scanner.
 
+.vitem &%f-protd%&
+.cindex "virus scanners" "f-protd"
+The f-protd scanner is accessed via HTTP over TCP.
+One argument is taken, being a space-separated hostname and port number
+(or port-range).
+For example:
+.code
+av_scanner = f-protd:localhost 10200-10204
+.endd
+If you omit the argument, the default values show above are used.
+
 .vitem &%fsecure%&
 .cindex "virus scanners" "F-Secure"
 The F-Secure daemon scanner (&url(http://www.f-secure.com)) takes one
@@ -35285,11 +35325,9 @@ given message, or all mail for a given user, or for a given host, for example.
 The input files can be in Exim log format or syslog format.
 If a matching log line is not associated with a specific message, it is
 included in &'exigrep'&'s output without any additional lines. The usage is:
-.new
 .display
 &`exigrep [-t<`&&'n'&&`>] [-I] [-l] [-M] [-v] <`&&'pattern'&&`> [<`&&'log file'&&`>] ...`&
 .endd
-.wen
 If no log file names are given on the command line, the standard input is read.
 
 The &%-t%& argument specifies a number of seconds. It adds an additional
@@ -35309,7 +35347,6 @@ regular expression.
 The &%-v%& option inverts the matching condition. That is, a line is selected
 if it does &'not'& match the pattern.
 
-.new
 The &%-M%& options means &"related messages"&. &'exigrep'& will show messages
 that are generated as a result/response to a message that &'exigrep'& matched
 normally.
@@ -35322,7 +35359,6 @@ the second (bounce) message will be displayed. Using &%-M%& with &'exigrep'&
 when searching for &"user_a"& will show both messages since the bounce is
 &"related"& to or a &"result"& of the first message that was found by the
 search term.
-.wen
 
 If the location of a &'zcat'& command is known from the definition of
 ZCAT_COMMAND in &_Local/Makefile_&, &'exigrep'& automatically passes any file