From f89d2485b9084317af07bf48bf09a81dc5780caa Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Philip Hazel Date: Wed, 11 Apr 2007 15:26:09 +0000 Subject: [PATCH 1/1] Updated documentation for 4.67. --- doc/doc-docbook/HowItWorks.txt | 211 +- doc/doc-docbook/Makefile | 164 +- doc/doc-docbook/Markup.txt | 37 +- doc/doc-docbook/Pre-xml | 4 +- doc/doc-docbook/filter.xfpt | 54 +- doc/doc-docbook/spec.xfpt | 3403 ++++++++++++++++++-------------- doc/doc-txt/OptionLists.txt | 3 +- 7 files changed, 2301 insertions(+), 1575 deletions(-) diff --git a/doc/doc-docbook/HowItWorks.txt b/doc/doc-docbook/HowItWorks.txt index 2766f28b3..4c51ae34d 100644 --- a/doc/doc-docbook/HowItWorks.txt +++ b/doc/doc-docbook/HowItWorks.txt @@ -1,4 +1,4 @@ -$Cambridge: exim/doc/doc-docbook/HowItWorks.txt,v 1.5 2006/07/31 13:19:36 ph10 Exp $ +$Cambridge: exim/doc/doc-docbook/HowItWorks.txt,v 1.6 2007/04/11 15:26:09 ph10 Exp $ CREATING THE EXIM DOCUMENTATION @@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ bought the Adobe distiller software.) A demand for a version in "info" format led me to write a Perl script that converted the SGCAL input into a Texinfo file. Because of the somewhat -restrictive requirements of Texinfo, this script has always needed a lot of +restrictive requirements of Texinfo, this script always needed a lot of maintenance, and was never totally satisfactory. The HTML version of the documentation was originally produced from the Texinfo @@ -72,10 +72,28 @@ Equally, if better ways of processing the XML become available, they can be adopted without affecting the source maintenance. A number of issues arose while setting this all up, which are best summed up by -the statement that a lot of the technology is (in 2006) still very immature. It -is probable that trying to do this conversion any earlier would not have been -anywhere near as successful. The main problems that still bother me are -described in the penultimate section of this document. +the statement that a lot of the technology was (in 2006) still very immature. +Trying to do this conversion any earlier would probably not have been anywhere +near as successful. The main problems that bother me in the XML-generated +documentation are described in the penultimate section of this document. + +The major problems were originally in producing PostScript and PDF outputs. The +available free software for doing this was and still is (we are now in 2007) +cumbersome and slow, and does not support certain output features that I would +like. My response to this was, over a period of two years, to write an XML +processor called SDoP (Simple DocBook Processor). This program reads DocBook +XML and writes PostScript, without using any of the heavyweight apparatus that +is required for xmlto and fop (the previously used software). + +An experimental first version of SDoP will be used for the Exim 4.67 +documentation. A full release of SDoP requires further work. SDoP's output +includes features that are missing when xmlto/fop is used, and it also runs +about 60 times faster. The main manual can be formatted in 2 seconds instead of +2 minutes, which makes checking and fixing mistakes much easier. + +The Makefile that is used to build the various forms of output will, for the +moment, support both ways of producing PostScript and PDF output, though the +default is now to use SDoP. The following sections describe the processes by which the xfpt files are transformed into the final output documents. In practice, the details are coded @@ -89,15 +107,27 @@ run Gentoo Linux, and a lot of things have been installed as dependencies that I am not fully aware of. This is what I know about (version numbers are current at the time of writing): -. xfpt 0.00 +. xfpt 0.01 This converts the master source file into a DocBook XML file. +. sdop 0.00 + + This is my new, still-very-alpha, DocBook-to-PostScript processor. + +. ps2pdf + + This is a wrapper script that is part of the GhostScript distribution. It + converts a PostScript file into a PDF file. It is used to process the output + from SDoP. It is not required when xmlto/fop is being used to generate PDF + output. + . xmlto 0.0.18 This is a shell script that drives various XML processors. It is used to - produce "formatted objects" for PostScript and PDF output, and to produce - HTML output. It uses xsltproc, libxml, libxslt, libexslt, and possibly other + produce "formatted objects" when PostScript and PDF output is being generated + using fop (the old way) rather than SDoP. It is always used to produce HTML + output. It uses xsltproc, libxml, libxslt, libexslt, and possibly other things that I have not figured out, to apply the DocBook XSLT stylesheets. . libxml 1.8.17 @@ -107,15 +137,15 @@ at the time of writing): These are all installed on my box; I do not know which of libxml or libxml2 the various scripts are actually using. -. xsl-stylesheets-1.68.1 +. xsl-stylesheets-1.70.1 These are the standard DocBook XSL stylesheets. . fop 0.20.5 FOP is a processor for "formatted objects". It is written in Java. The fop - command is a shell script that drives it. It is used to generate PostScript - and PDF output. + command is a shell script that drives it. It required only if you do not + want to use SDoP and ps2pdf to generate PostScript and PDF output. . w3m 0.5.1 @@ -157,9 +187,15 @@ this process, including the master DocBook source, called spec.xml. Of course, the usual features of "make" ensure that if this already exists and is up-to-date, it is not needlessly rebuilt. +Because there are now two ways of creating the PostScript and PDF outputs, +there are two targets for each one. For example fop-spec.ps makes PostScript +using fop, and sdop-spec.ps makes it using SDoP. The generic targets spec.ps +and spec.pdf now point to the SDoP versions. + The "test" series of targets were created so that small tests could easily be run fairly quickly, because processing even the shortish XML document takes -a bit of time, and processing the main specification takes ages. +a bit of time, and processing the main specification takes ages -- except when +using SDoP for PostScript and PDF. Another target is "exim.8". This runs a locally written Perl script called x2man, which extracts the list of command line options from the spec.xml file, @@ -191,11 +227,11 @@ Pre-xml was written. This is used to preprocess the .xml files before they are handed to the main processors. Adding one more tool onto the front of the processing chain does at least seem to be in the spirit of XML processing. -The XML processors themselves make use of style files, which can be overridden -by local versions. There is one that applies to all styles, called MyStyle.xsl, -and others for the different output formats. I have included comments in these -style files to explain what changes I have made. Some of the changes are quite -significant. +The XML processors other than SDoP make use of style files, which can be +overridden by local versions. There is one that applies to all styles, called +MyStyle.xsl, and others for the different output formats. I have included +comments in these style files to explain what changes I have made. Some of the +changes are quite significant. THE PRE-XML SCRIPT @@ -239,9 +275,13 @@ options it is given. The currently available options are as follows: The use of ligatures would be nice for the PostScript and PDF formats. Sadly, it turns out that fop cannot at present handle the FB01 character correctly. - The only format that does so is the HTML format, but when I used this in the - test version, people complained that it made searching for words difficult. - So at the moment, this option is not used. :-( + Happily this problem is now avoided when SDoP is used to generate PostScript + (and thence PDF) because SDoP automatically uses an "fi" ligature for + non-fixed-width fonts. + + The only xmlto format that handles FB01 is the HTML format, but when I used + this in the test version, people complained that it made searching for words + difficult. So this option is in practice not used at all. -noindex @@ -252,11 +292,11 @@ options it is given. The currently available options are as follows: -oneindex Remove the XML to generate a Concept and an Options Index, and add XML to - generate a single index. The only output processor that supports multiple - indexes is the processor that produces "formatted objects" for PostScript and - PDF output. The HTML processor ignores the XML settings for multiple indexes - and just makes one unified index. Specifying two indexes gets you two copies - of the same index, so this has to be changed. + generate a single index. The only output processors that support multiple + indexes are SDoP and the processor that produces "formatted objects" for + PostScript and PDF output for fop. The HTML processor ignores the XML + settings for multiple indexes and just makes one unified index. Specifying + two indexes gets you two copies of the same index, so this has to be changed. -optbreak @@ -270,11 +310,31 @@ options it is given. The currently available options are as follows: CREATING POSTSCRIPT AND PDF -These two output formats are created in three stages, with an additional fourth -stage for PDF. First, the XML is pre-processed by the Pre-xml script. For the -filter document, the element is removed so that no title page is -generated. For the main specification, the only change is to insert line -breakpoints via -optbreak. +These two output formats are created either by using my new SDoP program to +produce PostScript which can then be run through ps2pdf to make a PDF, or by +using xmlto and fop in the old way. + + +USING SDOP TO CREATE POSTSCRIPT AND PDF + +PostScript output is created in two stages. First, the XML is pre-processed by +the Pre-xml script. For the filter document, the element is removed +so that no title page is generated. For the main specification, the only change +is to insert line breakpoints via -optbreak. + +The SDoP program is then used to create PostScript output directly from the XML +input. Then the ps2pdf command is used to generated a PDF from the PostScript. +There are no external stylesheets that are used by SDoP. Any variations to the +default format are specified inline using "processing instructions". + + +USING XMLTO AND FOP TO CREATE POSTSCRIPT AND PDF + +This is the original way of creating PostScript and PDF output. The processing +happens in three stages, with an additional fourth stage for PDF. First, the +XML is pre-processed by the Pre-xml script. For the filter document, the + element is removed so that no title page is generated. For the main +specification, the only change is to insert line breakpoints via -optbreak. Second, the xmlto command is used to produce a "formatted objects" (.fo) file. This process uses the following stylesheets: @@ -328,9 +388,9 @@ The last one is particularly meaningless gobbledegook. Some of the errors and warnings are repeated many times. Nevertheless, it does eventually produce usable output, though I have a number of issues with it (see a later section of this document). Maybe one day there will be a new release of fop that does -better (there are now signs - February 2006 - that this may be happening). -Maybe there will be some other means of producing PostScript and PDF from -DocBook XML. Maybe porcine aeronautics will really happen. +better. In the meantime, I have written my own program for making PostScript +output -- see the previous section -- because the problems with xmlto/fop were +sufficiently annoying. The PDF file that is produced by this process has one problem: the pages, as shown by acroread in its thumbnail display, are numbered sequentially from one @@ -345,13 +405,16 @@ GhostScript (gv). THE PAGELABELPDF SCRIPT -This script reads the standard input and writes the standard output. It -searches for the PDF object that sets data in its "Catalog", and adds -appropriate information about page labels. The number of front-matter pages -(those before chapter 1) is hard-wired into this script as 12 because I could -not find a way of determining it automatically. As the current table of -contents finishes near the top of the 11th page, there is plenty of room for -expansion, so it is unlikely to be a problem. +This script reads the standard input and writes the standard output. It is used +to "tidy up" the PDF output that is produced by fop. It is not needed when +PDF output is generated from SDoP's output using ps2pdf. + +The PageLabelPDF script searches for the PDF object that sets data in its +"Catalog", and adds appropriate information about page labels. The number of +front-matter pages (those before chapter 1) is hard-wired into this script as +12 because I could not find a way of determining it automatically. As the +current table of contents finishes near the top of the 11th page, there is +plenty of room for expansion, so it is unlikely to be a problem. Having added data to the PDF file, the script then finds the xref table at the end of the file, and adjusts its entries to allow for the added text. This @@ -481,7 +544,8 @@ UNRESOLVED PROBLEMS There are a number of unresolved problems with producing the Exim documentation in the manner described above. I will describe them here in the hope that in -future some way round them can be found. +future some way round them can be found. Some of the problems are solved by +using SDoP instead of xmlto/fop to produce PostScript and PDF output. (1) When a whole chain of tools is processing a file, an error somewhere in the middle is often very hard to debug. For instance, an error in the @@ -491,11 +555,12 @@ future some way round them can be found. targets was to help in checking out these kinds of problem. (2) There is a mechanism in XML for marking parts of the document as - "revised", and I have arranged for xfpt markup to use it. However, at the - moment, the only output format that pays attention to this is the HTML - output, which sets a green background. There are therefore no revision - marks (change bars) in the PostScript, PDF, or text output formats as - there used to be. (There never were for Texinfo.) + "revised", and I have arranged for xfpt markup to use it. However, the + only xmlto output format that pays attention to this is the HTML output, + which sets a green background. If xmlto/fop is used to generate PostScript + and PDF, there are no revision marks (change bars). This problem + is not present when SDoP is used. However, the text and Texinfo output + format lack revision indications. (3) The index entries in the HTML format take you to the top of the section that is referenced, instead of to the point in the section where the index @@ -504,14 +569,17 @@ future some way round them can be found. (4) The HTML output supports only a single index, so the concept and options index entries have to be merged. -(5) The index for the PostScript/PDF output does not merge identical page - numbers, which makes some entries look ugly. +(5) The index for the PostScript/PDF output created by xmlto/fop does not + merge identical page numbers, which makes some entries look ugly. This is + not a problem when SDoP is used. (6) None of the indexes (PostScript/PDF and HTML) make use of textual - markup; the text is all roman, without any italic or boldface. + markup; the text is all roman, without any italic or boldface. For + PostScript/PDF, this is not a problem when SDoP is used. -(7) I turned off hyphenation in the PostScript/PDF output, because it was - being done so badly. +(7) I turned off hyphenation in the PostScript/PDF output produced by + xmlto/fop, because it was being done so badly. Needless to say, I made + SDoP do a better job. These comments apply to xmlto/fop: (a) It seems to force hyphenation if it is at all possible, without regard to the "tightness" or "looseness" of the line. Decent @@ -522,7 +590,7 @@ future some way round them can be found. (b) It uses an algorithmic form of hyphenation that doesn't always produce acceptable word breaks. (I prefer to use a hyphenation dictionary.) -(8) The PostScript/PDF output is badly paginated: +(8) The PostScript/PDF output produced by xmlto/fop is badly paginated: (a) There seems to be no attempt to avoid "widow" and "orphan" lines on pages. A "widow" is the last line of a paragraph at the top of a page, @@ -532,8 +600,12 @@ future some way round them can be found. (b) There seems to be no attempt to prevent section headings being placed last on a page, with no following text on the page. + Neither of these problems occurs when SDoP is used to produce the + PostScript/PDF output. + (9) The fop processor does not support "fi" ligatures, not even if you put the - appropriate Unicode character into the source by hand. + appropriate Unicode character into the source by hand. Again, this is not + a problem if SDoP is used. (10) There are no diagrams in the new documentation. This is something I hope to work on. The previously used Aspic command for creating line art from a @@ -544,18 +616,23 @@ future some way round them can be found. (11) The use of a "zero-width space" works well as a way of specifying that Exim option names can be split, without hyphens, over line breaks. - However, when an option is not split, if the line is very "loose", the - zero-width space is expanded, along with other spaces. This is a totally - crazy thing to, but unfortunately it is suggested by the Unicode - definition of the zero-width space, which says "its presence between two - characters does not prevent increased letter spacing in justification". - It seems that the implementors of fop have understood "letter spacing" - also to include "word spacing". Sigh. -The consequence of (7), (8), and (9) is that the PostScript/PDF output looks as -if it comes from some of the very early attempts at text formatting of around -20 years ago. We can only hope that 20 years' progress is not going to get -lost, and that things will improve in this area. + However, when xmlto/fop is being used and an option is not split, if the + line is very "loose", the zero-width space is expanded, along with other + spaces. This is a totally crazy thing to, but unfortunately it is + suggested by the Unicode definition of the zero-width space, which says + "its presence between two characters does not prevent increased letter + spacing in justification". It seems that the implementors of fop have + understood "letter spacing" also to include "word spacing". Sigh. + + This problem does not arise when SDoP is used. + +The consequence of (7), (8), and (9) is that the PostScript/PDF output as +produced by xmlto/fop looks as if it comes from some of the very early attempts +at text formatting of around 20 years ago. We can only hope that 20 years' +progress is not going to get lost, and that things will improve in this area. +My small contribution to this has been to write SDoP, which, though simple and +"non-standard", does get some of these formatting issues right. LIST OF FILES @@ -574,7 +651,7 @@ MyStyle.xsl Stylesheet for all output MyTitleStyle.xsl Stylesheet for spec title page MyTitlepage.templates.xml Template for creating MyTitleStyle.xsl Myhtml.css Experimental css stylesheet for HTML output -PageLabelPDF Script to postprocess PDF +PageLabelPDF Script to postprocess xmlto/fop PDF output Pre-xml Script to preprocess XML TidyHTML-filter Script to tidy up the filter HTML output TidyHTML-spec Script to tidy up the spec HTML output @@ -586,4 +663,4 @@ x2man Script to make the Exim man page from the XML Philip Hazel -Last updated: 30 March 2006 +Last updated: 27 March 2007 diff --git a/doc/doc-docbook/Makefile b/doc/doc-docbook/Makefile index f422bdda8..d5d9def8a 100644 --- a/doc/doc-docbook/Makefile +++ b/doc/doc-docbook/Makefile @@ -1,4 +1,4 @@ -# $Cambridge: exim/doc/doc-docbook/Makefile,v 1.8 2006/04/04 14:03:49 ph10 Exp $ +# $Cambridge: exim/doc/doc-docbook/Makefile,v 1.9 2007/04/11 15:26:09 ph10 Exp $ # Make file for Exim documentation from xfpt source. @@ -18,38 +18,63 @@ exim.8: spec.xml x2man ############################### FILTER ################################# -filter.xml: filter.xfpt - xfpt filter.xfpt +filter.xml: filter.xfpt + xfpt filter.xfpt -filter-fo.xml: filter.xml Pre-xml - ./Pre-xml -bookinfo filter-fo.xml +filter-pr.xml: filter.xml Pre-xml + ./Pre-xml -bookinfo filter-pr.xml filter-html.xml: filter.xml Pre-xml - ./Pre-xml -html filter-html.xml + ./Pre-xml -html filter-html.xml -filter-txt.xml: filter.xml Pre-xml - ./Pre-xml -ascii -html -quoteliteral filter-txt.xml +filter-txt.xml: filter.xml Pre-xml + ./Pre-xml -ascii -html -quoteliteral filter-txt.xml filter-info.xml: filter.xml Pre-xml - ./Pre-xml -ascii -html filter-info.xml + ./Pre-xml -ascii -html filter-info.xml -filter.fo: filter-fo.xml MyStyle-filter-fo.xsl MyStyle-fo.xsl MyStyle.xsl - /bin/rm -rf filter.fo filter-fo.fo - xmlto -x MyStyle-filter-fo.xsl fo filter-fo.xml - /bin/mv -f filter-fo.fo filter.fo +filter.fo: filter-pr.xml MyStyle-filter-fo.xsl MyStyle-fo.xsl MyStyle.xsl + /bin/rm -rf filter.fo filter-pr.fo + xmlto -x MyStyle-filter-fo.xsl fo filter-pr.xml + /bin/mv -f filter-pr.fo filter.fo # Do not use pdf2ps from the PDF version; better PS is generated directly. -filter.ps: filter.fo - fop filter.fo -ps filter-tmp.ps - mv filter-tmp.ps filter.ps +### +### PS/PDF generation using fop +### + +fop-filter.ps: filter.fo + fop filter.fo -ps filter-tmp.ps + mv filter-tmp.ps filter.ps # Do not use ps2pdf from the PS version; better PDF is generated directly. It # contains cross links etc. -filter.pdf: filter.fo PageLabelPDF - fop filter.fo -pdf filter-tmp.pdf - ./PageLabelPDF 2 filter.pdf +fop-filter.pdf: filter.fo PageLabelPDF + fop filter.fo -pdf filter-tmp.pdf + ./PageLabelPDF 2 filter.pdf + +### +### PS/PDF generation using SDoP +### + +sdop-filter.ps: filter-pr.xml + sdop -o filter.ps filter-pr.xml + +sdop-filter.pdf: sdop-filter.ps + ps2pdf filter.ps filter.pdf + +### +### PS/PDF default setting +### + +filter.ps: sdop-filter.ps + +filter.pdf: sdop-filter.pdf + +### +### filter.html: filter-html.xml TidyHTML-filter MyStyle-nochunk-html.xsl \ MyStyle-html.xsl MyStyle.xsl @@ -80,32 +105,36 @@ filter.info: filter-info.xml ################################ SPEC ################################## -spec.xml: spec.xfpt - xfpt spec.xfpt +spec.xml: spec.xfpt + xfpt spec.xfpt -spec-fo.xml: spec.xml Pre-xml - ./Pre-xml -optbreak spec-fo.xml +spec-pr.xml: spec.xml Pre-xml + ./Pre-xml -optbreak spec-pr.xml spec-html.xml: spec.xml Pre-xml - ./Pre-xml -html -oneindex \ - spec-html.xml + ./Pre-xml -html -oneindex \ + spec-html.xml -spec-txt.xml: spec.xml Pre-xml - ./Pre-xml -ascii -html -noindex -quoteliteral \ - spec-txt.xml +spec-txt.xml: spec.xml Pre-xml + ./Pre-xml -ascii -html -noindex -quoteliteral \ + spec-txt.xml spec-info.xml: spec.xml Pre-xml - ./Pre-xml -ascii -html -noindex spec-info.xml + ./Pre-xml -ascii -html -noindex spec-info.xml + +spec.fo: spec-pr.xml MyStyle-spec-fo.xsl MyStyle-fo.xsl MyStyle.xsl \ + MyTitleStyle.xsl + /bin/rm -rf spec.fo spec-pr.fo + xmlto -x MyStyle-spec-fo.xsl fo spec-pr.xml + /bin/mv -f spec-pr.fo spec.fo -spec.fo: spec-fo.xml MyStyle-spec-fo.xsl MyStyle-fo.xsl MyStyle.xsl \ - MyTitleStyle.xsl - /bin/rm -rf spec.fo spec-fo.fo - xmlto -x MyStyle-spec-fo.xsl fo spec-fo.xml - /bin/mv -f spec-fo.fo spec.fo +### +### PS/PDF generation using fop +### # Do not use pdf2ps from the PDF version; better PS is generated directly. -spec.ps: spec.fo +fop-spec.ps: spec.fo FOP_OPTS=-Xmx512m fop spec.fo -ps spec-tmp.ps mv spec-tmp.ps spec.ps @@ -113,10 +142,31 @@ spec.ps: spec.fo # contains cross links etc. We post-process it to add page label information # so that the page identifiers shown by acroread are the correct page numbers. -spec.pdf: spec.fo PageLabelPDF +fop-spec.pdf: spec.fo PageLabelPDF FOP_OPTS=-Xmx512m fop spec.fo -pdf spec-tmp.pdf ./PageLabelPDF 12 spec.pdf +### +### PS/PDF generation using SDoP +### + +sdop-spec.ps: spec-pr.xml + sdop -o spec.ps spec-pr.xml + +sdop-spec.pdf: sdop-spec.ps + ps2pdf spec.ps spec.pdf + +### +### PS/PDF default setting +### + +spec.ps: sdop-spec.ps + +spec.pdf: sdop-spec.pdf + +### +### + spec.html: spec-html.xml TidyHTML-spec MyStyle-chunk-html.xsl \ MyStyle-html.xsl MyStyle.xsl /bin/rm -rf spec_html @@ -149,8 +199,8 @@ spec.info: spec-info.xml test.xml: test.xfpt xfpt test.xfpt -test-fo.xml: test.xml Pre-xml - ./Pre-xml test-fo.xml +test-pr.xml: test.xml Pre-xml + ./Pre-xml test-pr.xml test-html.xml: test.xml Pre-xml ./Pre-xml -html -oneindex test-html.xml @@ -162,25 +212,51 @@ test-txt.xml: test.xml Pre-xml test-info.xml: test.xml Pre-xml ./Pre-xml -ascii -html -noindex test-info.xml -test.fo: test-fo.xml MyStyle-spec-fo.xsl MyStyle-fo.xsl MyStyle.xsl \ +test.fo: test-pr.xml MyStyle-spec-fo.xsl MyStyle-fo.xsl MyStyle.xsl \ MyTitleStyle.xsl - /bin/rm -rf test.fo test-fo.fo - xmlto -x MyStyle-spec-fo.xsl fo test-fo.xml - /bin/mv -f test-fo.fo test.fo + /bin/rm -rf test.fo test-pr.fo + xmlto -x MyStyle-spec-fo.xsl fo test-pr.xml + /bin/mv -f test-pr.fo test.fo + +### +### PS/PDF generation using fop +### # Do not use pdf2ps from the PDF version; better PS is generated directly. -test.ps: test.fo +fop-test.ps: test.fo fop test.fo -ps test-tmp.ps mv test-tmp.ps test.ps # Do not use ps2pdf from the PS version; better PDF is generated directly. It # contains cross links etc. -test.pdf: test.fo +fop-test.pdf: test.fo fop test.fo -pdf test-tmp.pdf mv test-tmp.pdf test.pdf +### +### PS/PDF generation using SDoP +### + +sdop-test.ps: test-pr.xml + sdop -o test.ps test-pr.xml + +sdop-test.pdf: sdop-test.ps + ps2pdf test.ps test.pdf + +### +### PS/PDF default setting +### + +test.ps: sdop-test.ps + +test.pdf: sdop-test.pdf + +### +### + + test.html: test-html.xml MyStyle-nochunk-html.xsl MyStyle-html.xsl \ MyStyle.xsl /bin/rm -rf test.html test-html.html diff --git a/doc/doc-docbook/Markup.txt b/doc/doc-docbook/Markup.txt index 302b84bad..b44727684 100644 --- a/doc/doc-docbook/Markup.txt +++ b/doc/doc-docbook/Markup.txt @@ -1,4 +1,4 @@ -$Cambridge: exim/doc/doc-docbook/Markup.txt,v 1.4 2006/12/19 12:28:35 ph10 Exp $ +$Cambridge: exim/doc/doc-docbook/Markup.txt,v 1.5 2007/04/11 15:26:09 ph10 Exp $ XFPT MARKUP USED IN THE EXIM DOCUMENTATION ------------------------------------------ @@ -215,18 +215,20 @@ To create an index entry, include a line like one of these: .cindex "primary text" "secondary text" .oindex "primary text" "secondary text" + .vindex "&$variable_name$&" -The first is for the "concept index" and the second is for the "options index". -The secondary text is of course optional. Not all forms of output distinguish -between these - sometimes there is just one index. For the concept index, it is -also possible to set "start" and "end" markers so that the entry lists a range -of pages. This is how to do that: +The first is for the "concept index", the second is for the "options index", +and the third is for the "variables" index. The secondary text is of course +optional. Not all forms of output distinguish between these - sometimes there +is just one index. For the concept index, it is also possible to set "start" +and "end" markers so that the entry lists a range of pages. This is how to do +that: .scindex IID "primary text" "secondary text" .ecindex IID -The IID must be some unique string to tie the entries together. +The IID must be some unique string that ties the entries together. The index for the Exim reference manual has a number of "see also" entries. These are coded in raw XML at the start of the source file. @@ -309,12 +311,14 @@ and "Default", so you do not have to supply them. Notice the use of the &!! flag to put a dagger after the word "string". -CHANGE BARS +CHANGE BARS (REVISION MARKINGS) I have not yet found a way of producing change bars in the PostScript and PDF -versions of the documents. However, it is possible to put a green background -behind changed text in the HTML version, so the appropriate markup should be -used in the source. There is a facility in xfpt for setting the "revisionflag" +versions of the documents when they are generated using the "fop" command. +However, the revision marks do work when these formats are produced using my +own "sdop" processor. Also, it is possible to put a green background behind +changed text in the HTML version, so the appropriate markup should be used in +the source. There is a facility in xfpt for setting the "revisionflag" attribute on appropriate XML elements. There is also a macro called .new which packages this up for use in three different ways. One or more large text items can be placed between .new and .wen ("wen" is "new" backwards). For example: @@ -353,6 +357,10 @@ name, with the argument in parentheses. For example: The effect of this is to generate a XML element with the revisionflag attribute set. The .wen macro is not used in this case. +You can also use .new/.wen inside .display and .code sections, and &new() will +work inside lines in a .display section. It will not work in a .code section, +because all text is literal. + If you want to mark a whole table as new, .new and .wen can be used to surround it as described above. However, current DocBook processors do not seem to recognize the "revisionflag" attribute on individual rows and table entries. @@ -361,8 +369,9 @@ by using an inline macro call. For example: .row "&new(some text)" "...." -Each such entry must be separately marked. If there are more than one or two, -it may be easier just to mark the entire table. +This works as required when the XML is processed by "sdop" rather than "fop" to +generate PostScript and PDF. Each such entry must be separately marked. If +there are more than one or two, it may be easier just to mark the entire table. Philip Hazel -Last updated: 31 July 2006 +Last updated: 10 April 2007 diff --git a/doc/doc-docbook/Pre-xml b/doc/doc-docbook/Pre-xml index 4e606dd27..b84d19784 100755 --- a/doc/doc-docbook/Pre-xml +++ b/doc/doc-docbook/Pre-xml @@ -1,6 +1,6 @@ #! /usr/bin/perl -# $Cambridge: exim/doc/doc-docbook/Pre-xml,v 1.3 2006/02/01 11:01:01 ph10 Exp $ +# $Cambridge: exim/doc/doc-docbook/Pre-xml,v 1.4 2007/04/11 15:26:09 ph10 Exp $ # Script to pre-process XML input before processing it for various purposes. # Options specify which transformations are to be done. Monospaced literal @@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ # newline, the space and newline are removed, because otherwise you # get a blank line in the HTML output. # -# -noindex Remove the XML to generate a Concept and an Options index. +# -noindex Remove the XML that generates indexes. # -oneindex Ditto, but add XML to generate a single index. # # -optbreak Insert an optional line break (zero-width space, ​) after diff --git a/doc/doc-docbook/filter.xfpt b/doc/doc-docbook/filter.xfpt index 707dbe3bb..4c56cbdd1 100644 --- a/doc/doc-docbook/filter.xfpt +++ b/doc/doc-docbook/filter.xfpt @@ -1,4 +1,4 @@ -. $Cambridge: exim/doc/doc-docbook/filter.xfpt,v 1.4 2006/07/31 13:28:49 ph10 Exp $ +. $Cambridge: exim/doc/doc-docbook/filter.xfpt,v 1.5 2007/04/11 15:26:09 ph10 Exp $ . ///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// . This is the primary source of the document that describes Exim's filtering @@ -11,6 +11,24 @@ .include stdflags .include stdmacs .docbook + +. ///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// +. These lines are processing instructions for the Simple DocBook Processor that +. Philip Hazel has developed as a less cumbersome way of making PostScript and +. PDFs than using xmlto and fop. They will be ignored by all other XML +. processors. +. ///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// + +.literal xml + +.literal off + .book . =========================================================================== @@ -29,11 +47,15 @@ . =========================================================================== +. ///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// +. ///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// + . This preliminary stuff creates a entry in the XML. This is removed . when creating the PostScript/PDF output, because we do not want a full-blown -. title page created for those versions. The stylesheet fudges up a title line -. to replace the text "Table of contents". However, for the other forms of -. output, the element is retained and used. +. title page created for those versions. When fop is being used to create +. PS/PDF, the stylesheet fudges up a title line to replace the text "Table of +. contents". When SDoP is being used, a processing instruction does this job. +. For the other forms of output, the element is retained and used. .literal xml @@ -51,11 +73,14 @@ .literal off +. ///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// +. ///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// + .chapter "Forwarding and filtering in Exim" This document describes the user interfaces to Exim's in-built mail filtering -facilities, and is copyright © University of Cambridge 2006. It -corresponds to Exim version 4.63. +facilities, and is copyright © University of Cambridge 2007. It +corresponds to Exim version 4.67. @@ -248,11 +273,14 @@ this context as &"the specific implementation of Sieve for Exim"&. This chapter does not contain a description of Sieve, since that can be found in RFC 3028, which should be read in conjunction with these notes. +.new The Exim Sieve implementation offers the core as defined by RFC 3028, -comparison tests, the &*copy*&, &*envelope*&, &*fileinto*&, and &*vacation*& -extensions, but not the &*reject*& extension. Exim does not support message -delivery notifications (MDNs), so adding it just to the Sieve filter (as -required for &*reject*&) makes little sense. +comparison tests, the subaddress parameter, the &*copy*&, &*envelope*&, +&*fileinto*&, &*notify*&, and &*vacation*& extensions, but not the &*reject*& +extension. Exim does not support message delivery notifications (MDNs), so +adding it just to the Sieve filter (as required for &*reject*&) makes little +sense. +.wen In order for Sieve to work properly in Exim, the system administrator needs to make some adjustments to the Exim configuration. These are described in the @@ -824,11 +852,11 @@ message to be written to its argument file, provided they are different (duplicate &(save)& commands are ignored). If the file name does not start with a / character, the contents of the -&$home$& variable are prepended, unless it is empty, &new("or the system -administrator has disabled this feature.") In conventional configurations, this +&$home$& variable are prepended, unless it is empty, or the system +administrator has disabled this feature. In conventional configurations, this variable is normally set in a user filter to the user's home directory, but the system administrator may set it to some other path. In some configurations, -&$home$& may be unset, &new("or prepending may be disabled,") in which case a +&$home$& may be unset, or prepending may be disabled, in which case a non-absolute path name may be generated. Such configurations convert this to an absolute path when the delivery takes place. In a system filter, &$home$& is never set. diff --git a/doc/doc-docbook/spec.xfpt b/doc/doc-docbook/spec.xfpt index d29141325..762ee3728 100644 --- a/doc/doc-docbook/spec.xfpt +++ b/doc/doc-docbook/spec.xfpt @@ -1,4 +1,4 @@ -. $Cambridge: exim/doc/doc-docbook/spec.xfpt,v 1.15 2007/02/26 14:06:33 ph10 Exp $ +. $Cambridge: exim/doc/doc-docbook/spec.xfpt,v 1.16 2007/04/11 15:26:09 ph10 Exp $ . . ///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// . This is the primary source of the Exim Manual. It is an xfpt document that is @@ -18,13 +18,15 @@ . ///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// . These lines are processing instructions for the Simple DocBook Processor that -. Philip Hazel is developing in odd moments as a less cumbersome way of making -. PostScript and PDFs than using xmlto and fop. They will be ignored by all -. other XML processors. +. Philip Hazel has developed as a less cumbersome way of making PostScript and +. PDFs than using xmlto and fop. They will be ignored by all other XML +. processors. . ///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// .literal xml @@ -41,9 +43,11 @@ . the element must also be updated for each new edition. . ///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// +.set previousversion "4.66" +.set version "4.67" + .set ACL "access control lists (ACLs)" -.set previousversion "4.63" -.set version "4.66" +.set I "    " . ///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// @@ -66,7 +70,7 @@ .macro option .oindex "&%$1%&" -.itable all 0 0 4 8* left 5* center 5* center 6* right +.itable all 0 0 4 8* left 6* center 6* center 6* right .row "&%$1%&" "Use: &'$2'&" "Type: &'$3'&" "Default: &'$4'&" .endtable .endmacro @@ -79,10 +83,28 @@ .itable none 0 0 2 $1 left $2 left .endmacro -. --- Macros for the concept and option index entries. For a "range" style of -. --- entry, use .scindex for the start and .ecindex for the end. The first -. --- argument of .scindex and the only argument of .ecindex must be the ID -. --- that ties them together. +. --- A macro that generates .row, but puts &I; at the start of the first +. --- argument, thus indenting it. Assume a minimum of two arguments, and +. --- allow up to four arguments, which is as many as we'll ever need. + +.macro irow +.arg 4 +.row "&I;$1" "$2" "$3" "$4" +.endarg +.arg -4 +.arg 3 +.row "&I;$1" "$2" "$3" +.endarg +.arg -3 +.row "&I;$1" "$2" +.endarg +.endarg +.endmacro + +. --- Macros for option, variable, and concept index entries. For a "range" +. --- style of entry, use .scindex for the start and .ecindex for the end. The +. --- first argument of .scindex and the only argument of .ecindex must be the +. --- ID that ties them together. .macro cindex && @@ -115,8 +137,17 @@ && .endmacro +.macro vindex +&& +&&$1&& +.arg 2 +&&$2&& +.endarg +&& +.endmacro + .macro index -.echo "** Don't use .index; use .cindex or .oindex" +.echo "** Don't use .index; use .cindex or .oindex or .vindex" .endmacro . //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// @@ -130,14 +161,14 @@ Specification of the Exim Mail Transfer Agent The Exim MTA -08 January 2007 +10 April 2007 PhilipHazel PH University of Cambridge Computing Service
New Museums Site, Pembroke Street, Cambridge CB2 3QH, England
- 4.66 - 08 January 2007 + 4.67 + 10 April 2007 PH 2007University of Cambridge @@ -151,10 +182,10 @@ . at the top level, so we have to put the .chapter directive first. . ///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// -.chapter "Introduction" +.chapter "Introduction" "CHID1" .literal xml - + $1, $2, etc. numerical variables @@ -324,7 +355,7 @@ systems. I am grateful to them all. The distribution now contains a file called contributors. -.section "Exim documentation" +.section "Exim documentation" "SECID1" .new .cindex "documentation" This edition of the Exim specification applies to version &version; of Exim. @@ -356,9 +387,7 @@ published by O'Reilly, covers Exim 3, and many things have changed in Exim 4.) .cindex "Debian" "information sources" If you are using a Debian distribution of Exim, you will find information about Debian-specific features in the file -.display -&_/usr/share/doc/exim4-base/README.Debian_& -.endd +&_/usr/share/doc/exim4-base/README.Debian_&. The command &(man update-exim.conf)& is another source of Debian-specific information. @@ -402,7 +431,7 @@ available in other formats (HTML, PostScript, PDF, and Texinfo). Section -.section "FTP and web sites" +.section "FTP and web sites" "SECID2" .cindex "web site" .cindex "FTP site" The primary site for Exim source distributions is currently the University of @@ -414,25 +443,33 @@ Squared, formerly Planet Online Ltd, whose support I gratefully acknowledge. .cindex "wiki" .cindex "FAQ" +.new As well as Exim distribution tar files, the Exim web site contains a number of -differently formatted versions of the documentation, including the FAQ in both -text and HTML formats. The HTML version comes with a keyword-in-context index. -A recent addition to the online information is the Exim wiki -(&url(http://www.exim.org/eximwiki/)). We hope that this will make it easier -for Exim users to contribute examples, tips, and know-how for the benefit of -others. +differently formatted versions of the documentation. A recent addition to the +online information is the Exim wiki (&url(http://www.exim.org/eximwiki/)), +which contains what used to be a separate FAQ, as well as various other +examples, tips, and know-how that have been contributed by Exim users. + +.cindex Bugzilla +An Exim Bugzilla exists at &url(http://www.exim.org/bugzilla/). You can use +this to report bugs, and also to add items to the wish list. Please search +first to check that you are not duplicating a previous entry. +.wen -.section "Mailing lists" +.section "Mailing lists" "SECID3" .cindex "mailing lists" "for Exim users" -The following are the three main Exim mailing lists: +.new +The following Exim mailing lists exist: .table2 140pt -.row &'exim-users@exim.org'& "general discussion list" -.row &'exim-dev@exim.org'& "discussion of bugs, enhancements, etc." -.row &'exim-announce@exim.org'& "moderated, low volume announcements list" +.row &'exim-users@exim.org'& "General discussion list" +.row &'exim-dev@exim.org'& "Discussion of bugs, enhancements, etc." +.row &'exim-announce@exim.org'& "Moderated, low volume announcements list" +.row &'exim-future@exim.org'& "Discussion of long-term development" .endtable +.wen You can subscribe to these lists, change your existing subscriptions, and view or search the archives via the mailing lists link on the Exim home page. @@ -446,7 +483,7 @@ via this web page: Please ask Debian-specific questions on this list and not on the general Exim lists. -.section "Exim training" +.section "Exim training" "SECID4" .cindex "training courses" From time to time (approximately annually at the time of writing), training courses are run by the author of Exim in Cambridge, UK. Details of any @@ -454,7 +491,7 @@ forthcoming courses can be found on the web site &url(http://www-tus.csx.cam.ac.uk/courses/exim/). -.section "Bug reports" +.section "Bug reports" "SECID5" .cindex "bug reports" .cindex "reporting bugs" Reports of obvious bugs should be emailed to &'bugs@exim.org'&. However, if you @@ -517,37 +554,9 @@ inside the &_exim4_& directory of the FTP site: .endd These tar files contain only the &_doc_& directory, not the complete distribution, and are also available in &_.bz2_& as well as &_.gz_& forms. -.cindex "FAQ" -The FAQ is available for downloading in two different formats in these files: -.display -&_exim4/FAQ.txt.gz_& -&_exim4/FAQ.html.tar.gz_& -.endd -The first of these is a single ASCII file that can be searched with a text -editor. The second is a directory of HTML files, normally accessed by starting -at &_index.html_&. The HTML version of the FAQ (which is also included in the -HTML documentation tarbundle) includes a keyword-in-context index, which is -often the most convenient way of finding your way around. - -.section "Wish list" -.cindex "wish list" -A wish list is maintained, containing ideas for new features that have been -submitted. This used to be a single file that from time to time was exported to -the ftp site into the file &_exim4/WishList_&. However, it has now been -imported into Exim's Bugzilla data. - -.section "Contributed material" -.cindex "contributed material" -At the ftp site, there is a directory called &_Contrib_& that contains -miscellaneous files contributed to the Exim community by Exim users. There is -also a collection of contributed configuration examples in -&_exim4/config.samples.tar.gz_&. These samples are referenced from the FAQ. - - - -.section "Limitations" +.section "Limitations" "SECID6" .ilist .cindex "limitations of Exim" .cindex "bang paths" "not handled by Exim" @@ -587,7 +596,7 @@ a number of common scanners are provided. .endlist -.section "Run time configuration" +.section "Run time configuration" "SECID7" Exim's run time configuration is held in a single text file that is divided into a number of sections. The entries in this file consist of keywords and values, in the style of Smail 3 configuration files. A default configuration @@ -595,7 +604,7 @@ file which is suitable for simple online installations is provided in the distribution, and is described in chapter &<>& below. -.section "Calling interface" +.section "Calling interface" "SECID8" .cindex "Sendmail compatibility" "command line interface" Like many MTAs, Exim has adopted the Sendmail command line interface so that it can be a straight replacement for &_/usr/lib/sendmail_& or @@ -615,7 +624,7 @@ interface to Exim's command line administration options. -.section "Terminology" +.section "Terminology" "SECID9" .cindex "terminology definitions" .cindex "body of message" "definition of" The &'body'& of a message is the actual data that the sender wants to transmit. @@ -645,7 +654,7 @@ The word &'domain'& is sometimes used to mean all but the first component of a host's name. It is &'not'& used in that sense here, where it normally refers to the part of an email address following the @ sign. -.cindex "envelope" "definition of" +.cindex "envelope, definition of" .cindex "sender" "definition of" A message in transit has an associated &'envelope'&, as well as a header and a body. The envelope contains a sender address (to which bounce messages should @@ -654,7 +663,7 @@ sender or the recipients of a message usually mean the addresses in the envelope. An MTA uses these addresses for delivery, and for returning bounce messages, not the addresses that appear in the header lines. -.cindex "message header" "definition of" +.cindex "message" "header, definition of" .cindex "header section" "definition of" The &'header'& of a message is the first part of a message's text, consisting of a number of lines, each of which has a name such as &'From:'&, &'To:'&, @@ -669,7 +678,7 @@ part of an email address that precedes the @ sign. The part that follows the @ sign is called the &'domain'& or &'mail domain'&. .cindex "local delivery" "definition of" -.cindex "remote delivery" "definition of" +.cindex "remote delivery, definition of" The terms &'local delivery'& and &'remote delivery'& are used to distinguish delivery to a file or a pipe on the local host from delivery by SMTP over TCP/IP to another host. As far as Exim is concerned, all hosts other than the @@ -706,7 +715,7 @@ the Exim documentation, &"spool"& is always used in the first sense. . //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// . //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// -.chapter "Incorporated code" +.chapter "Incorporated code" "CHID2" .cindex "incorporated code" .cindex "regular expressions" "library" .cindex "PCRE" @@ -718,9 +727,10 @@ monitor using the freely-distributable PCRE library, copyright © University of Cambridge. The source is distributed in the directory &_src/pcre_&. However, this is a cut-down version of PCRE. If you want to use the PCRE library in other programs, you should obtain and install the full -version from &url(ftp://ftp.csx.cam.ac.uk/pub/software/programming/pcre). +version of the library from +&url(ftp://ftp.csx.cam.ac.uk/pub/software/programming/pcre). .next -.cindex "cdb" "acknowledgement" +.cindex "cdb" "acknowledgment" Support for the cdb (Constant DataBase) lookup method is provided by code contributed by Nigel Metheringham of (at the time he contributed it) Planet Online Ltd. The implementation is completely contained within the code of Exim. @@ -737,9 +747,9 @@ version. This code implements Dan Bernstein's Constant DataBase (cdb) spec. Information, the spec and sample code for cdb can be obtained from -&url(http://www.pobox.com/~djb/cdb.html). This implementation borrows some -code from Dan Bernstein's implementation (which has no license restrictions -applied to it). +&url(http://www.pobox.com/~djb/cdb.html). This implementation borrows +some code from Dan Bernstein's implementation (which has no license +restrictions applied to it). .endblockquote .next .cindex "SPA authentication" @@ -804,7 +814,7 @@ OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE. .endblockquote .next -.cindex "Exim monitor" "acknowledgement" +.cindex "Exim monitor" "acknowledgment" .cindex "X-windows" .cindex "Athena" The Exim Monitor program, which is an X-Window application, includes @@ -838,7 +848,7 @@ SOFTWARE. .next Many people have contributed code fragments, some large, some small, that were not covered by any specific licence requirements. It is assumed that the -contributors are happy to see their code incoporated into Exim under the GPL. +contributors are happy to see their code incorporated into Exim under the GPL. .endlist @@ -848,11 +858,11 @@ contributors are happy to see their code incoporated into Exim under the GPL. . //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// . //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// -.chapter "How Exim receives and delivers mail" "" &&& +.chapter "How Exim receives and delivers mail" "CHID11" &&& "Receiving and delivering mail" -.section "Overall philosophy" +.section "Overall philosophy" "SECID10" .cindex "design philosophy" Exim is designed to work efficiently on systems that are permanently connected to the Internet and are handling a general mix of mail. In such circumstances, @@ -862,7 +872,7 @@ it does try to send several messages in a single SMTP connection after a host has been down, and it also maintains per-host retry information. -.section "Policy control" +.section "Policy control" "SECID11" .cindex "policy control" "overview" Policy controls are now an important feature of MTAs that are connected to the Internet. Perhaps their most important job is to stop MTAs being abused as @@ -891,7 +901,7 @@ spam scanning software. The result of such a scan is passed back to the ACL, which can then use it to decide what to do with the message. .next When a message has been received, either from a remote host or from the local -host, but before the final acknowledgement has been sent, a locally supplied C +host, but before the final acknowledgment has been sent, a locally supplied C function called &[local_scan()]& can be run to inspect the message and decide whether to accept it or not (see chapter &<>&). If the message is accepted, the list of recipients can be modified by the function. @@ -907,7 +917,7 @@ runs at the start of every delivery process. -.section "User filters" +.section "User filters" "SECID12" .cindex "filter" "introduction" .cindex "Sieve filter" In a conventional Exim configuration, users are able to run private filters by @@ -984,7 +994,7 @@ pid, it is guaranteed that the time will be different. In most cases, the clock will already have ticked while the message was being received. -.section "Receiving mail" +.section "Receiving mail" "SECID13" .cindex "receiving mail" .cindex "message" "reception" The only way Exim can receive mail from another host is using SMTP over @@ -1017,7 +1027,7 @@ in the same way as connections from other hosts. .endlist -.cindex "message sender" "constructed by Exim" +.cindex "message sender, constructed by Exim" .cindex "sender" "constructed by Exim" In the three cases that do not involve TCP/IP, the sender address is constructed from the login name of the user that called Exim and a default @@ -1050,7 +1060,7 @@ message is received. -.section "Handling an incoming message" +.section "Handling an incoming message" "SECID14" .cindex "spool directory" "files that hold a message" .cindex "file" "how a message is held" When Exim accepts a message, it writes two files in its spool directory. The @@ -1091,7 +1101,7 @@ delivered (see chapters &<>& and -.section "Life of a message" +.section "Life of a message" "SECID15" .cindex "message" "life of" .cindex "message" "frozen" A message remains in the spool directory until it is completely delivered to @@ -1216,7 +1226,7 @@ the address is bounced. -.section "Processing an address for verification" +.section "Processing an address for verification" "SECID16" .cindex "router" "for verification" .cindex "verifying address" "overview" As well as being used to decide how to deliver to an address, Exim's routers @@ -1302,9 +1312,9 @@ when the relevant conditions are met. The &(redirect)& router has a &"fail"& facility for this purpose. -.section "Duplicate addresses" +.section "Duplicate addresses" "SECID17" .cindex "case of local parts" -.cindex "address duplicate" "discarding" +.cindex "address duplicate, discarding" .cindex "duplicate addresses" Once routing is complete, Exim scans the addresses that are assigned to local and remote transports, and discards any duplicates that it finds. During this @@ -1315,7 +1325,7 @@ routed addresses are shown. .section "Router preconditions" "SECTrouprecon" -.cindex "router preconditions" "order of processing" +.cindex "router" "preconditions, order of processing" .cindex "preconditions" "order of processing" The preconditions that are tested for each router are listed below, in the order in which they are tested. The individual configuration options are @@ -1353,9 +1363,9 @@ check an address given in the SMTP EXPN command (see the &%expn%& option). If the &%domains%& option is set, the domain of the address must be in the set of domains that it defines. .next -.cindex "&$local_part_prefix$&" -.cindex "&$local_part$&" -.cindex "&$local_part_suffix$&" +.vindex "&$local_part_prefix$&" +.vindex "&$local_part$&" +.vindex "&$local_part_suffix$&" If the &%local_parts%& option is set, the local part of the address must be in the set of local parts that it defines. If &%local_part_prefix%& or &%local_part_suffix%& is in use, the prefix or suffix is removed from the local @@ -1364,9 +1374,9 @@ that include affixes, you can do so by using a &%condition%& option (see below) that uses the variables &$local_part$&, &$local_part_prefix$&, and &$local_part_suffix$& as necessary. .next -.cindex "&$local_user_uid$&" -.cindex "&$local_user_gid$&" -.cindex "&$home$&" +.vindex "&$local_user_uid$&" +.vindex "&$local_user_gid$&" +.vindex "&$home$&" If the &%check_local_user%& option is set, the local part must be the name of an account on the local host. If this check succeeds, the uid and gid of the local user are placed in &$local_user_uid$& and &$local_user_gid$& and the @@ -1402,7 +1412,7 @@ example, &_.procmailrc_&). -.section "Delivery in detail" +.section "Delivery in detail" "SECID18" .cindex "delivery" "in detail" When a message is to be delivered, the sequence of events is as follows: @@ -1494,7 +1504,7 @@ deleted, though the message log can optionally be preserved if required. -.section "Retry mechanism" +.section "Retry mechanism" "SECID19" .cindex "delivery" "retry mechanism" .cindex "retry" "description of mechanism" .cindex "queue runner" @@ -1517,7 +1527,7 @@ as permanent. -.section "Temporary delivery failure" +.section "Temporary delivery failure" "SECID20" .cindex "delivery" "temporary failure" There are many reasons why a message may not be immediately deliverable to a particular address. Failure to connect to a remote machine (because it, or the @@ -1543,7 +1553,7 @@ one connection. -.section "Permanent delivery failure" +.section "Permanent delivery failure" "SECID21" .cindex "delivery" "permanent failure" .cindex "bounce message" "when generated" When a message cannot be delivered to some or all of its intended recipients, a @@ -1571,7 +1581,7 @@ of the list. -.section "Failures to deliver bounce messages" +.section "Failures to deliver bounce messages" "SECID22" .cindex "bounce message" "failure to deliver" If a bounce message (either locally generated or received from a remote host) itself suffers a permanent delivery failure, the message is left on the queue, @@ -1587,35 +1597,36 @@ for only a short time (see &%timeout_frozen_after%& and . //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// . //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// -.chapter "Building and installing Exim" +.chapter "Building and installing Exim" "CHID3" .scindex IIDbuex "building Exim" -.section "Unpacking" -Exim is distributed as a gzipped or bzipped tar file which, when upacked, +.section "Unpacking" "SECID23" +Exim is distributed as a gzipped or bzipped tar file which, when unpacked, creates a directory with the name of the current release (for example, &_exim-&version;_&) into which the following files are placed: .table2 140pt -.row &_ACKNOWLEDGMENTS_& "contains some acknowledgments" -.row &_CHANGES_& "contains a reference to where changes are documented" -.row &_LICENCE_& "the GNU General Public Licence" -.row &_Makefile_& "top-level make file" -.row &_NOTICE_& "conditions for the use of Exim" -.row &_README_& "list of files, directories and simple build &&& - instructions" +.irow &_ACKNOWLEDGMENTS_& "contains some acknowledgments" +.irow &_CHANGES_& "contains a reference to where changes are &&& + documented" +.irow &_LICENCE_& "the GNU General Public Licence" +.irow &_Makefile_& "top-level make file" +.irow &_NOTICE_& "conditions for the use of Exim" +.irow &_README_& "list of files, directories and simple build &&& + instructions" .endtable Other files whose names begin with &_README_& may also be present. The following subdirectories are created: .table2 140pt -.row &_Local_& "an empty directory for local configuration files" -.row &_OS_& "OS-specific files" -.row &_doc_& "documentation files" -.row &_exim_monitor_& "source files for the Exim monitor" -.row &_scripts_& "scripts used in the build process" -.row &_src_& "remaining source files" -.row &_util_& "independent utilities" +.irow &_Local_& "an empty directory for local configuration files" +.irow &_OS_& "OS-specific files" +.irow &_doc_& "documentation files" +.irow &_exim_monitor_& "source files for the Exim monitor" +.irow &_scripts_& "scripts used in the build process" +.irow &_src_& "remaining source files" +.irow &_util_& "independent utilities" .endtable The main utility programs are contained in the &_src_& directory, and are built @@ -1623,7 +1634,7 @@ with the Exim binary. The &_util_& directory contains a few optional scripts that may be useful to some sites. -.section "Multiple machine architectures and operating systems" +.section "Multiple machine architectures and operating systems" "SECID24" .cindex "building Exim" "multiple OS/architectures" The building process for Exim is arranged to make it easy to build binaries for a number of different architectures and operating systems from the same set of @@ -1646,9 +1657,9 @@ databases. Unfortunately, there are a number of DBM libraries in existence, and different operating systems often have different ones installed. .cindex "Solaris" "DBM library for" -.cindex "IRIX" "DBM library for" -.cindex "BSD" "DBM library for" -.cindex "Linux" "DBM library for" +.cindex "IRIX, DBM library for" +.cindex "BSD, DBM library for" +.cindex "Linux, DBM library for" If you are using Solaris, IRIX, one of the modern BSD systems, or a modern Linux distribution, the DBM configuration should happen automatically, and you may be able to ignore this section. Otherwise, you may have to learn more than @@ -1660,7 +1671,7 @@ via the &'ndbm'& interface, and this is what Exim expects by default. Free versions of Unix seem to vary in what they contain as standard. In particular, some early versions of Linux have no default DBM library, and different distributors have chosen to bundle different libraries with their packaged -versions. However, the more recent releases seem to have standardised on the +versions. However, the more recent releases seem to have standardized on the Berkeley DB library. Different DBM libraries have different conventions for naming the files they @@ -1739,7 +1750,7 @@ file &_doc/dbm.discuss.txt_& in the Exim distribution. -.section "Pre-building configuration" +.section "Pre-building configuration" "SECID25" .cindex "building Exim" "pre-building configuration" .cindex "configuration for building Exim" .cindex "&_Local/Makefile_&" @@ -1795,7 +1806,7 @@ do this. -.section "Support for iconv()" +.section "Support for iconv()" "SECID26" .cindex "&[iconv()]& support" .cindex "RFC 2047" The contents of header lines in messages may be encoded according to the rules @@ -1868,8 +1879,8 @@ given in chapter &<>&. -.section "Use of tcpwrappers" -.cindex "tcpwrappers" "building Exim to support" +.section "Use of tcpwrappers" "SECID27" +.cindex "tcpwrappers, building Exim to support" .cindex "USE_TCP_WRAPPERS" Exim can be linked with the &'tcpwrappers'& library in order to check incoming SMTP calls using the &'tcpwrappers'& control files. This may be a convenient @@ -1897,7 +1908,7 @@ further details. -.section "Including support for IPv6" +.section "Including support for IPv6" "SECID28" .cindex "IPv6" "including support for" Exim contains code for use on systems that have IPv6 support. Setting &`HAVE_IPV6=YES`& in &_Local/Makefile_& causes the IPv6 code to be included; @@ -1906,7 +1917,7 @@ where the IPv6 support is not fully integrated into the normal include and library files. Two different types of DNS record for handling IPv6 addresses have been -defined. AAAA records (analagous to A records for IPv4) are in use, and are +defined. AAAA records (analogous to A records for IPv4) are in use, and are currently seen as the mainstream. Another record type called A6 was proposed as better than AAAA because it had more flexibility. However, it was felt to be over-complex, and its status was reduced to &"experimental"&. It is not known @@ -1916,7 +1927,7 @@ support has not been tested for some time. -.section "The building process" +.section "The building process" "SECID29" .cindex "build directory" Once &_Local/Makefile_& (and &_Local/eximon.conf_&, if required) have been created, run &'make'& at the top level. It determines the architecture and @@ -1944,7 +1955,7 @@ FAQ, where some common problems are covered. -.section 'Output from &"make"&' +.section 'Output from &"make"&' "SECID283" The output produced by the &'make'& process for compile lines is often very unreadable, because these lines can be very long. For this reason, the normal output is suppressed by default, and instead output similar to that which @@ -1961,7 +1972,7 @@ given in addition to the short output. .section "Overriding build-time options for Exim" "SECToverride" -.cindex "build-time options" "overriding" +.cindex "build-time options, overriding" The main make file that is created at the beginning of the building process consists of the concatenation of a number of files which set configuration values, followed by a fixed set of &'make'& instructions. If a value is set @@ -2062,7 +2073,7 @@ EXIM_PERL=perl.o must be defined in &_Local/Makefile_&. Details of this facility are given in chapter &<>&. -.cindex "X11 libraries" "location of" +.cindex "X11 libraries, location of" The location of the X11 libraries is something that varies a lot between operating systems, and there may be different versions of X11 to cope with. Exim itself makes no use of X11, but if you are compiling the Exim @@ -2104,7 +2115,7 @@ necessary to touch the associated non-optional file (that is, &_Local/Makefile_& or &_Local/eximon.conf_&) before rebuilding. -.section "OS-specific header files" +.section "OS-specific header files" "SECID30" .cindex "&_os.h_&" .cindex "building Exim" "OS-specific C header files" The &_OS_& directory contains a number of files with names of the form @@ -2115,8 +2126,8 @@ are porting Exim to a new operating system. -.section "Overriding build-time options for the monitor" -.cindex "building Eximon" "overriding default options" +.section "Overriding build-time options for the monitor" "SECID31" +.cindex "building Eximon" A similar process is used for overriding things when building the Exim monitor, where the files that are involved are .display @@ -2137,7 +2148,7 @@ LOG_DEPTH at run time. .ecindex IIDbuex -.section "Installing Exim binaries and scripts" +.section "Installing Exim binaries and scripts" "SECID32" .cindex "installing Exim" .cindex "BIN_DIRECTORY" The command &`make install`& runs the &(exim_install)& script with no @@ -2262,7 +2273,7 @@ install`& automatically builds the info files and installs them. -.section "Setting up the spool directory" +.section "Setting up the spool directory" "SECID33" .cindex "spool directory" "creating" When it starts up, Exim tries to create its spool directory if it does not exist. The Exim uid and gid are used for the owner and group of the spool @@ -2272,7 +2283,7 @@ necessary. -.section "Testing" +.section "Testing" "SECID34" .cindex "testing" "installation" Having installed Exim, you can check that the run time configuration file is syntactically valid by running the following command, which assumes that the @@ -2353,7 +2364,7 @@ that Exim uses can be altered, in order to keep it entirely clear of the production version. -.section "Replacing another MTA with Exim" +.section "Replacing another MTA with Exim" "SECID35" .cindex "replacing another MTA" Building and installing Exim for the first time does not of itself put it in general use. The name by which the system's MTA is called by mail user agents @@ -2367,7 +2378,7 @@ a symbolic link to the &'exim'& binary. It is a good idea to remove any setuid privilege and executable status from the old MTA. It is then necessary to stop and restart the mailer daemon, if one is running. -.cindex "FreeBSD" "MTA indirection" +.cindex "FreeBSD, MTA indirection" .cindex "&_/etc/mail/mailer.conf_&" Some operating systems have introduced alternative ways of switching MTAs. For example, if you are running FreeBSD, you need to edit the file @@ -2393,7 +2404,7 @@ use of Exim's filtering capabilities, you should make the document entitled -.section "Upgrading Exim" +.section "Upgrading Exim" "SECID36" .cindex "upgrading Exim" If you are already running Exim on your host, building and installing a new version automatically makes it available to MUAs, or any other programs that @@ -2406,7 +2417,7 @@ configuration file. -.section "Stopping the Exim daemon on Solaris" +.section "Stopping the Exim daemon on Solaris" "SECID37" .cindex "Solaris" "stopping Exim on" The standard command for stopping the mailer daemon on Solaris is .code @@ -2443,7 +2454,7 @@ combinations of options do not make sense, and provoke an error if used. The form of the arguments depends on which options are set. -.section "Setting options by program name" +.section "Setting options by program name" "SECID38" .cindex "&'mailq'&" If Exim is called under the name &'mailq'&, it behaves as if the option &%-bp%& were present before any other options. @@ -2488,7 +2499,7 @@ EXIM_GROUP in &_Local/Makefile_& or set by the &%exim_user%& and &%exim_group%& options. These do not necessarily have to use the name &"exim"&. .ilist -.cindex "trusted user" "definition of" +.cindex "trusted users" "definition of" .cindex "user" "trusted definition of" The trusted users are root, the Exim user, any user listed in the &%trusted_users%& configuration option, and any user whose current group or any @@ -2546,7 +2557,7 @@ getting root. There is further discussion of this issue at the start of chapter -.section "Command line options" +.section "Command line options" "SECID39" Exim's command line options are described in alphabetical order below. If none of the options that specifies a specific action (such as starting the daemon or a queue runner, or testing an address, or receiving a message in a specific @@ -2590,7 +2601,7 @@ clean; it ignores this option. .vitem &%-bd%& .oindex "&%-bd%&" .cindex "daemon" -.cindex "SMTP listener" +.cindex "SMTP" "listener" .cindex "queue runner" This option runs Exim as a daemon, awaiting incoming SMTP connections. Usually the &%-bd%& option is combined with the &%-q%&<&'time'&> option, to specify @@ -2655,14 +2666,13 @@ continuation lines is ignored. Each argument or data line is passed through the string expansion mechanism, and the result is output. Variable values from the configuration file (for example, &$qualify_domain$&) are available, but no message-specific values (such as &$sender_domain$&) are set, because no message -is being processed &new("(but see &%-bem%& and &%-Mset%&)"). +is being processed (but see &%-bem%& and &%-Mset%&). &*Note*&: If you use this mechanism to test lookups, and you change the data files or databases you are using, you must exit and restart Exim before trying the same lookup again. Otherwise, because each Exim process caches the results of lookups, you will just get the same result as before. -.new .vitem &%-bem%&&~<&'filename'&> .oindex "&%-bem%&" .cindex "testing" "string expansion" @@ -2680,7 +2690,6 @@ recipients are read from the headers in the normal way, and are shown in the &$recipients$& variable. Note that recipients cannot be given on the command line, because further arguments are taken as strings to expand (just like &%-be%&). -.wen .vitem &%-bF%&&~<&'filename'&> .oindex "&%-bF%&" @@ -2729,7 +2738,7 @@ separate document entitled &'Exim's interfaces to mail filtering'&. When testing a filter file, .cindex "&""From""& line" .cindex "envelope sender" -.cindex "&%-f%& option" "for filter testing" +.oindex "&%-f%&" "for filter testing" the envelope sender can be set by the &%-f%& option, or by a &"From&~"& line at the start of the test message. Various parameters that would normally be taken from the envelope recipient address of the message @@ -2738,7 +2747,7 @@ options). .vitem &%-bfd%&&~<&'domain'&> .oindex "&%-bfd%&" -.cindex "&$qualify_domain$&" +.vindex "&$qualify_domain$&" This sets the domain of the recipient address when a filter file is being tested by means of the &%-bf%& option. The default is the value of &$qualify_domain$&. @@ -2813,7 +2822,8 @@ acceptable or not. See section &<>&. .new Features such as authentication and encryption, where the client input is not -plain text, are most easily tested using specialized SMTP test programs such as +plain text, cannot easily be tested with &%-bh%&. Instead, you should use a +specialized SMTP test program such as &url(http://jetmore.org/john/code/#swaks,swaks). .wen @@ -2882,16 +2892,15 @@ authoritative specification of the format of this line. Exim recognizes it by matching against the regular expression defined by the &%uucp_from_pattern%& option, which can be changed if necessary. -The -.cindex "&%-f%& option" "overriding &""From""& line" -specified sender is treated as if it were given as the argument to the +.oindex "&%-f%&" "overriding &""From""& line" +The specified sender is treated as if it were given as the argument to the &%-f%& option, but if a &%-f%& option is also present, its argument is used in preference to the address taken from the message. The caller of Exim must be a trusted user for the sender of a message to be set in this way. .vitem &%-bnq%& .oindex "&%-bnq%&" -.cindex "address qualification" "suppressing" +.cindex "address qualification, suppressing" By default, Exim automatically qualifies unqualified addresses (those without domains) that appear in messages that are submitted locally (that is, not over TCP/IP). This qualification applies both to addresses in @@ -2913,7 +2922,7 @@ unqualified addresses in header lines are left alone. .vitem &%-bP%& .oindex "&%-bP%&" -.cindex "configuration options" "extracting" +.cindex "configuration options, extracting" .cindex "options" "configuration &-- extracting" If this option is given with no arguments, it causes the values of all Exim's main configuration options to be written to the standard output. The values @@ -3145,10 +3154,10 @@ the listening daemon. .cindex "testing" "addresses" .cindex "address" "testing" This option runs Exim in address testing mode, in which each argument is taken -as an address to be tested for deliverability. The results are written to the -standard output. If a test fails, and the caller is not an admin user, no -details of the failure are output, because these might contain sensitive -information such as usernames and passwords for database lookups. +as a &new(recipient) address to be tested for deliverability. The results are +written to the standard output. If a test fails, and the caller is not an admin +user, no details of the failure are output, because these might contain +sensitive information such as usernames and passwords for database lookups. If no arguments are given, Exim runs in an interactive manner, prompting with a right angle bracket for addresses to be tested. @@ -3164,9 +3173,8 @@ written to the standard output. However, any router that has genuine routing tests if your first router passes everything to a scanner program. -The .cindex "return code" "for &%-bt%&" -return code is 2 if any address failed outright; it is 1 if no address +The return code is 2 if any address failed outright; it is 1 if no address failed outright but at least one could not be resolved for some reason. Return code 0 is given only when all addresses succeed. @@ -3179,7 +3187,7 @@ always shown. &*Warning*&: &%-bt%& can only do relatively simple testing. If any of the routers in the configuration makes any tests on the sender address of a message, -.cindex "&%-f%& option" "for address testing" +.oindex "&%-f%&" "for address testing" you can use the &%-f%& option to set an appropriate sender when running &%-bt%& tests. Without it, the sender is assumed to be the calling user at the default qualifying domain. However, if you have set up (for example) routers @@ -3189,7 +3197,7 @@ doing such tests. .vitem &%-bV%& .oindex "&%-bV%&" -.cindex "version number of Exim" "verifying" +.cindex "version number of Exim" This option causes Exim to write the current version number, compilation number, and compilation date of the &'exim'& binary to the standard output. It also lists the DBM library this is being used, the optional modules (such as @@ -3209,11 +3217,11 @@ dynamic testing facilities. .cindex "verifying address" "using &%-bv%&" .cindex "address" "verification" This option runs Exim in address verification mode, in which each argument is -taken as an address to be verified by the routers. (This does not involve any -verification callouts). During normal operation, verification happens mostly as -a consequence processing a &%verify%& condition in an ACL (see chapter -&<>&). If you want to test an entire ACL, possibly including callouts, -see the &%-bh%& and &%-bhc%& options. +taken as a &new(recipient) address to be verified by the routers. (This does +not involve any verification callouts). During normal operation, verification +happens mostly as a consequence processing a &%verify%& condition in an ACL +(see chapter &<>&). If you want to test an entire ACL, possibly +including callouts, see the &%-bh%& and &%-bhc%& options. If verification fails, and the caller is not an admin user, no details of the failure are output, because these might contain sensitive information such as @@ -3232,7 +3240,6 @@ router that has &%fail_verify%& set, verification fails. The address is verified as a recipient if &%-bv%& is used; to test verification for a sender address, &%-bvs%& should be used. -.new If the &%-v%& option is not set, the output consists of a single line for each address, stating whether it was verified or not, and giving a reason in the latter case. Without &%-v%&, generating more than one address by redirection @@ -3244,7 +3251,6 @@ to succeed. When &%-v%& is set, more details are given of how the address has been handled, and in the case of address redirection, all the generated addresses are also considered. Verification may succeed for some and fail for others. -.wen The .cindex "return code" "for &%-bv%&" @@ -3346,9 +3352,9 @@ exim '-D ABC = something' ... This option causes debugging information to be written to the standard error stream. It is restricted to admin users because debugging output may show database queries that contain password information. Also, the details of users' -filter files should be protected. &new("If a non-admin user uses &%-d%&, Exim +filter files should be protected. If a non-admin user uses &%-d%&, Exim writes an error message to the standard error stream and exits with a non-zero -return code.") +return code. When &%-d%& is used, &%-v%& is assumed. If &%-d%& is given on its own, a lot of standard debugging data is output. This can be reduced, or increased to include @@ -3399,8 +3405,8 @@ is included, an awful lot of output that is very rarely of interest is generated, so it now has to be explicitly requested. However, &`-all`& does turn everything off. -.cindex "resolver" "debugging output" -.cindex "DNS resolver" "debugging output" +.cindex "resolver, debugging output" +.cindex "DNS resolver, debugging output" The &`resolver`& option produces output only if the DNS resolver was compiled with DEBUG enabled. This is not the case in some operating systems. Also, unfortunately, debugging output from the DNS resolver is written to stdout @@ -3465,7 +3471,7 @@ between &%-F%& and the <&'string'&> is optional. .oindex "&%-f%&" .cindex "sender" "address" .cindex "address" "sender" -.cindex "trusted user" +.cindex "trusted users" .cindex "envelope sender" .cindex "user" "trusted" This option sets the address of the envelope sender of a locally-generated @@ -3520,7 +3526,7 @@ headers.) .vitem &%-i%& .oindex "&%-i%&" .cindex "Solaris" "&'mail'& command" -.cindex "dot in incoming" "non-SMTP message" +.cindex "dot" "in incoming non-SMTP message" This option, which has the same effect as &%-oi%&, specifies that a dot on a line by itself should not terminate an incoming, non-SMTP message. I can find no documentation for this option in Solaris 2.4 Sendmail, but the &'mailx'& @@ -3686,7 +3692,6 @@ the messages are active, their status is not altered. This option can be used only by an admin user or by the user who originally caused the message to be placed on the queue. -.new .vitem &%-Mset%&&~<&'message&~id'&> .oindex "&%-Mset%& .cindex "testing" "string expansion" @@ -3698,7 +3703,6 @@ the test expansions, thus setting message-specific variables such as available. This feature is provided to make it easier to test expansions that make use of these variables. However, this option can be used only by an admin user. See also &%-bem%&. -.wen .vitem &%-Mt%&&~<&'message&~id'&>&~<&'message&~id'&>&~... .oindex "&%-Mt%&" @@ -3909,7 +3913,7 @@ effect as &%-oem%&. .vitem &%-oi%& .oindex "&%-oi%&" -.cindex "dot in incoming" "non-SMTP message" +.cindex "dot" "in incoming non-SMTP message" This option, which has the same effect as &%-i%&, specifies that a dot on a line by itself should not terminate an incoming, non-SMTP message. Otherwise, a single dot does terminate, though Exim does no special processing for other @@ -3922,7 +3926,7 @@ This option is treated as synonymous with &%-oi%&. .vitem &%-oMa%&&~<&'host&~address'&> .oindex "&%-oMa%&" -.cindex "sender host address" "specifying for local message" +.cindex "sender" "host address, specifying for local message" A number of options starting with &%-oM%& can be used to set values associated with remote hosts on locally-submitted messages (that is, messages not received over TCP/IP). These options can be used by any caller in conjunction with the @@ -3946,7 +3950,7 @@ whichever one is last. .vitem &%-oMaa%&&~<&'name'&> .oindex "&%-oMaa%&" -.cindex "authentication name" "specifying for local message" +.cindex "authentication" "name, specifying for local message" See &%-oMa%& above for general remarks about the &%-oM%& options. The &%-oMaa%& option sets the value of &$sender_host_authenticated$& (the authenticator name). See chapter &<>& for a discussion of SMTP authentication. @@ -3955,7 +3959,7 @@ authenticated SMTP session without actually using the SMTP AUTH command. .vitem &%-oMai%&&~<&'string'&> .oindex "&%-oMai%&" -.cindex "authentication id" "specifying for local message" +.cindex "authentication" "id, specifying for local message" See &%-oMa%& above for general remarks about the &%-oM%& options. The &%-oMai%& option sets the value of &$authenticated_id$& (the id that was authenticated). This overrides the default value (the caller's login id, except with &%-bh%&, @@ -3964,7 +3968,7 @@ where there is no default) for messages from local sources. See chapter .vitem &%-oMas%&&~<&'address'&> .oindex "&%-oMas%&" -.cindex "authentication sender" "specifying for local message" +.cindex "authentication" "sender, specifying for local message" See &%-oMa%& above for general remarks about the &%-oM%& options. The &%-oMas%& option sets the authenticated sender value in &$authenticated_sender$&. It overrides the sender address that is created from the caller's login id for @@ -3975,18 +3979,16 @@ specified on a MAIL command overrides this value. See chapter .vitem &%-oMi%&&~<&'interface&~address'&> .oindex "&%-oMi%&" -.cindex "interface address" "specifying for local message" -.new +.cindex "interface" "address, specifying for local message" See &%-oMa%& above for general remarks about the &%-oM%& options. The &%-oMi%& option sets the IP interface address value. A port number may be included, using the same syntax as for &%-oMa%&. The interface address is placed in &$received_ip_address$& and the port number, if present, in &$received_port$&. -.wen .vitem &%-oMr%&&~<&'protocol&~name'&> .oindex "&%-oMr%&" -.cindex "protocol" "incoming &-- specifying for local message" -.cindex "&$received_protocol$&" +.cindex "protocol, specifying for local message" +.vindex "&$received_protocol$&" See &%-oMa%& above for general remarks about the &%-oM%& options. The &%-oMr%& option sets the received protocol value that is stored in &$received_protocol$&. However, it does not apply (and is ignored) when &%-bh%& @@ -3998,7 +4000,7 @@ be set by &%-oMr%&. .vitem &%-oMs%&&~<&'host&~name'&> .oindex "&%-oMs%&" -.cindex "sender host name" "specifying for local message" +.cindex "sender" "host name, specifying for local message" See &%-oMa%& above for general remarks about the &%-oM%& options. The &%-oMs%& option sets the sender host name in &$sender_host_name$&. When this option is present, Exim does not attempt to look up a host name from an IP address; it @@ -4006,7 +4008,7 @@ uses the name it is given. .vitem &%-oMt%&&~<&'ident&~string'&> .oindex "&%-oMt%&" -.cindex "sender ident string" "specifying for local message" +.cindex "sender" "ident string, specifying for local message" See &%-oMa%& above for general remarks about the &%-oM%& options. The &%-oMt%& option sets the sender ident value in &$sender_ident$&. The default setting for local callers is the login id of the calling process, except when &%-bh%& is @@ -4046,7 +4048,7 @@ described in section &<>&. .vitem &%-os%&&~<&'time'&> .oindex "&%-os%&" .cindex "timeout" "for SMTP input" -.cindex "SMTP timeout" "input" +.cindex "SMTP" "input timeout" This option sets a timeout value for incoming SMTP messages. The timeout applies to each SMTP command and block of data. The value can also be set by the &%smtp_receive_timeout%& option; it defaults to 5 minutes. The format used @@ -4254,7 +4256,6 @@ address containing the given string, which is checked in a case-independent way. If the <&'rsflags'&> start with &'r'&, <&'string'&> is interpreted as a regular expression; otherwise it is a literal string. -.new If you want to do periodic queue runs for messages with specific recipients, you can combine &%-R%& with &%-q%& and a time value. For example: .code @@ -4263,7 +4264,6 @@ exim -q25m -R @special.domain.example This example does a queue run for messages with recipients in the given domain every 25 minutes. Any additional flags that are specified with &%-q%& are applied to each queue run. -.wen Once a message is selected for delivery by this mechanism, all its addresses are processed. For the first selected message, Exim overrides any retry @@ -4465,7 +4465,7 @@ configuration. -.section "Using a different configuration file" +.section "Using a different configuration file" "SECID40" .cindex "configuration file" "alternate" A one-off alternate configuration can be specified by the &%-C%& command line option, which may specify a single file or a list of files. However, when @@ -4577,11 +4577,11 @@ described. -.section "File inclusions in the configuration file" +.section "File inclusions in the configuration file" "SECID41" .cindex "inclusions in configuration file" .cindex "configuration file" "including other files" -.cindex ".include in configuration file" -.cindex ".include_if_exists in configuration file" +.cindex "&`.include`& in configuration file" +.cindex "&`.include_if_exists`& in configuration file" You can include other files inside Exim's run time configuration file by using this syntax: .display @@ -4630,7 +4630,7 @@ Macros may also be defined between router, transport, authenticator, or ACL definitions. They may not, however, be defined within an individual driver or ACL, or in the &%local_scan%&, retry, or rewrite sections of the configuration. -.section "Macro substitution" +.section "Macro substitution" "SECID42" Once a macro is defined, all subsequent lines in the file (and any included files) are scanned for the macro name; if there are several macros, the line is scanned for each in turn, in the order in which the macros are defined. The @@ -4650,7 +4650,7 @@ line is ignored. A macro at the start of a line may turn the line into a comment line or a &`.include`& line. -.section "Redefining macros" +.section "Redefining macros" "SECID43" Once defined, the value of a macro can be redefined later in the configuration (or in an included file). Redefinition is specified by using &'=='& instead of &'='&. For example: @@ -4671,7 +4671,7 @@ MAC == MAC and something added This can be helpful in situations where the configuration file is built from a number of other files. -.section "Overriding macro values" +.section "Overriding macro values" "SECID44" The values set for macros in the configuration file can be overridden by the &%-D%& command line option, but Exim gives up its root privilege when &%-D%& is used, unless called by root or the Exim user. A definition on the command line @@ -4680,7 +4680,7 @@ file to be ignored. -.section "Example of macro usage" +.section "Example of macro usage" "SECID45" As an example of macro usage, consider a configuration where aliases are looked up in a MySQL database. It helps to keep the file less cluttered if long strings such as SQL statements are defined separately as macros, for example: @@ -4697,9 +4697,9 @@ address lists. In Exim 4 these are handled better by named lists &-- see section &<>&. -.section "Conditional skips in the configuration file" +.section "Conditional skips in the configuration file" "SECID46" .cindex "configuration file" "conditional skips" -.cindex ".ifdef" +.cindex "&`.ifdef`&" You can use the directives &`.ifdef`&, &`.ifndef`&, &`.elifdef`&, &`.elifndef`&, &`.else`&, and &`.endif`& to dynamically include or exclude portions of the configuration file. The processing happens whenever the file is @@ -4760,7 +4760,7 @@ The following sections describe the syntax used for the different data types that are found in option settings. -.section "Boolean options" +.section "Boolean options" "SECID47" .cindex "format" "boolean" .cindex "boolean configuration values" .oindex "&%no_%&&'xxx'&" @@ -4786,51 +4786,57 @@ You can use whichever syntax you prefer. -.section "Integer values" +.section "Integer values" "SECID48" .cindex "integer configuration values" .cindex "format" "integer" -If an integer data item starts with the characters &"0x"&, the remainder of it -is interpreted as a hexadecimal number. Otherwise, it is treated as octal if it -starts with the digit 0, and decimal if not. If an integer value is followed by -the letter K, it is multiplied by 1024; if it is followed by the letter M, it -is multiplied by 1024x1024. +.new +If an option's type is given as &"integer"&, the value can be given in decimal, +hexadecimal, or octal. If it starts with a digit greater than zero, a decimal +number is assumed. Otherwise, it is treated as an octal number unless it starts +with the characters &"0x"&, in which case the remainder is interpreted as a +hexadecimal number. +.wen -When the values of integer option settings are output, values which are an -exact multiple of 1024 or 1024x1024 are -sometimes, but not always, -printed using the letters K and M. The printing style is independent of the -actual input format that was used. +If an integer value is followed by the letter K, it is multiplied by 1024; if +it is followed by the letter M, it is multiplied by 1024x1024. When the values +of integer option settings are output, values which are an exact multiple of +1024 or 1024x1024 are sometimes, but not always, printed using the letters K +and M. The printing style is independent of the actual input format that was +used. -.section "Octal integer values" +.section "Octal integer values" "SECID49" .cindex "integer format" .cindex "format" "octal integer" -The value of an option specified as an octal integer is always interpreted in -octal, whether or not it starts with the digit zero. Such options are always -output in octal. - +.new +If an option's type is given as &"octal integer"&, its value is always +interpreted as an octal number, whether or not it starts with the digit zero. +Such options are always output in octal. +.wen -.section "Fixed point number values" +.section "Fixed point numbers" "SECID50" .cindex "fixed point configuration values" .cindex "format" "fixed point" -A fixed point number consists of a decimal integer, optionally followed by a -decimal point and up to three further digits. +.new +If an option's type is given as &"fixed-point"&, its value must be a decimal +integer, optionally followed by a decimal point and up to three further digits. +.wen -.section "Time interval values" "SECTtimeformat" +.section "Time intervals" "SECTtimeformat" .cindex "time interval" "specifying in configuration" .cindex "format" "time interval" A time interval is specified as a sequence of numbers, each followed by one of the following letters, with no intervening white space: -.table2 50pt -.row &~&%s%& seconds -.row &~&%m%& minutes -.row &~&%h%& hours -.row &~&%d%& days -.row &~&%w%& weeks +.table2 30pt +.irow &%s%& seconds +.irow &%m%& minutes +.irow &%h%& hours +.irow &%d%& days +.irow &%w%& weeks .endtable For example, &"3h50m"& specifies 3 hours and 50 minutes. The values of time @@ -4842,16 +4848,18 @@ is perfectly acceptable, for example, to specify &"90m"& instead of &"1h30m"&. .section "String values" "SECTstrings" .cindex "string" "format of configuration values" .cindex "format" "string" -If a string data item does not start with a double-quote character, it is taken -as consisting of the remainder of the line plus any continuation lines, -starting at the first character after any leading white space, with trailing -white space removed, and with no interpretation of the characters in the -string. Because Exim removes comment lines (those beginning with #) at an early -stage, they can appear in the middle of a multi-line string. The following -settings are therefore equivalent: +.new +If an option's type is specified as &"string"&, the value can be specified with +or without double-quotes. If it does not start with a double-quote, the value +consists of the remainder of the line plus any continuation lines, starting at +the first character after any leading white space, with trailing white space +removed, and with no interpretation of the characters in the string. Because +Exim removes comment lines (those beginning with #) at an early stage, they can +appear in the middle of a multi-line string. The following two settings are +therefore equivalent: +.wen .code trusted_users = uucp:mail - trusted_users = uucp:\ # This comment line is ignored mail @@ -4863,12 +4871,12 @@ double-quote, and any backslash characters other than those used for line continuation are interpreted as escape characters, as follows: .table2 100pt -.row &~&`\\`& "single backslash" -.row &~&`\n`& "newline" -.row &~&`\r`& "carriage return" -.row &~&`\t`& "tab" -.row "&~&`\`&<&'octal digits'&>" "up to 3 octal digits specify one character" -.row "&~&`\x`&<&'hex digits'&>" "up to 2 hexadecimal digits specify one &&& +.irow &`\\`& "single backslash" +.irow &`\n`& "newline" +.irow &`\r`& "carriage return" +.irow &`\t`& "tab" +.irow "&`\`&<&'octal digits'&>" "up to 3 octal digits specify one character" +.irow "&`\x`&<&'hex digits'&>" "up to 2 hexadecimal digits specify one &&& character" .endtable @@ -4883,8 +4891,7 @@ in order to continue lines, so you may come across older configuration files and examples that apparently quote unnecessarily. -.section "Expanded strings" -.cindex "string expansion" "definition of" +.section "Expanded strings" "SECID51" .cindex "expansion" "definition of" Some strings in the configuration file are subjected to &'string expansion'&, by which means various parts of the string may be changed according to the @@ -4896,10 +4903,10 @@ backslashes that are required for that reason must be doubled if they are within a quoted configuration string. -.section "User and group names" +.section "User and group names" "SECID52" .cindex "user name" "format of" .cindex "format" "user name" -.cindex "group" "name format" +.cindex "groups" "name format" .cindex "format" "group name" User and group names are specified as strings, using the syntax described above, but the strings are interpreted specially. A user or group name must @@ -4910,7 +4917,7 @@ either consist entirely of digits, or be a name that can be looked up using the .section "List construction" "SECTlistconstruct" .cindex "list" "syntax of in configuration" .cindex "format" "list item in configuration" -.cindex "string list" "definition" +.cindex "string" "list, definition of" The data for some configuration options is a list of items, with colon as the default separator. Many of these options are shown with type &"string list"& in the descriptions later in this document. Others are listed as &"domain list"&, @@ -4936,8 +4943,11 @@ list items, it is not ignored when parsing the list. The space after the first colon in the example above is necessary. If it were not there, the list would be interpreted as the two items 127.0.0.1:: and 1. +.new +.section "Changing list separators" "SECID53" .cindex "list separator" "changing" .cindex "IPv6" "addresses in lists" +.wen Doubling colons in IPv6 addresses is an unwelcome chore, so a mechanism was introduced to allow the separator character to be changed. If a list begins with a left angle bracket, followed by any punctuation character, that @@ -4950,6 +4960,32 @@ This facility applies to all lists, with the exception of the list in &%log_file_path%&. It is recommended that the use of non-colon separators be confined to circumstances where they really are needed. +.new +.cindex "list separator" "newline as" +.cindex "newline as list separator" +It is also possible to use newline and other control characters (those with +code values less than 32, plus DEL) as separators in lists. Such separators +must be provided literally at the time the list is processed. For options that +are string-expanded, you can write the separator using a normal escape +sequence. This will be processed by the expander before the string is +interpreted as a list. For example, if a newline-separated list of domains is +generated by a lookup, you can process it directly by a line such as this: +.code +domains = <\n ${lookup mysql{.....}} +.endd +This avoids having to change the list separator in such data. You are unlikely +to want to use a control character as a separator in an option that is not +expanded, because the value is literal text. However, it can be done by giving +the value in quotes. For example: +.code +local_interfaces = "<\n 127.0.0.1 \n ::1" +.endd +Unlike printing character separators, which can be included in list items by +doubling, it is not possible to include a control character as data when it is +set as the separator. Two such characters in succession are interpreted as +enclosing an empty list item. +.wen + .section "Empty items in lists" "SECTempitelis" @@ -5300,7 +5336,7 @@ bounce message ever lasts a week. -.section "ACL configuration" +.section "ACL configuration" "SECID54" .cindex "default" "ACLs" .cindex "&ACL;" "default configuration" In the default configuration, the ACL section follows the main configuration. @@ -5506,7 +5542,7 @@ accept This final line in the DATA ACL accepts the message unconditionally. -.section "Router configuration" +.section "Router configuration" "SECID55" .cindex "default" "routers" .cindex "routers" "default" The router configuration comes next in the default configuration, introduced @@ -5617,7 +5653,7 @@ namely: # local_part_suffix = +* : -* # local_part_suffix_optional .endd -.cindex "&$local_part_suffix$&" +.vindex "&$local_part_suffix$&" show how you can specify the recognition of local part suffixes. If the first is uncommented, a suffix beginning with either a plus or a minus sign, followed by any sequence of characters, is removed from the local part and placed in the @@ -5682,7 +5718,7 @@ routers, so the address is bounced. The commented suffix settings fulfil the same purpose as they do for the &(userforward)& router. -.section "Transport configuration" +.section "Transport configuration" "SECID56" .cindex "default" "transports" .cindex "transports" "default" Transports define mechanisms for actually delivering messages. They operate @@ -5746,7 +5782,7 @@ filter files. -.section "Default retry rule" +.section "Default retry rule" "SECID57" .cindex "retry" "default rule" .cindex "default" "retry rule" The retry section of the configuration file contains rules which affect the way @@ -5767,7 +5803,7 @@ is not delivered after 4 days of temporary failure, it is bounced. -.section "Rewriting configuration" +.section "Rewriting configuration" "SECID58" The rewriting section of the configuration, introduced by .code begin rewrite @@ -5793,19 +5829,19 @@ to support most MUA software. The example PLAIN authenticator looks like this: .code #PLAIN: -# driver = plaintext -# server_set_id = $auth2 -# server_prompts = : -# server_condition = Authentication is not yet configured +# driver = plaintext +# server_set_id = $auth2 +# server_prompts = : +# server_condition = Authentication is not yet configured # server_advertise_condition = ${if def:tls_cipher } .endd And the example LOGIN authenticator looks like this: .code #LOGIN: -# driver = plaintext -# server_set_id = $auth1 -# server_prompts = <| Username: | Password: -# server_condition = Authentication is not yet configured +# driver = plaintext +# server_set_id = $auth1 +# server_prompts = <| Username: | Password: +# server_condition = Authentication is not yet configured # server_advertise_condition = ${if def:tls_cipher } .endd @@ -5887,7 +5923,7 @@ $ is needed because string expansion also interprets dollar characters. -.section "Testing regular expressions" +.section "Testing regular expressions" "SECID59" .cindex "testing" "regular expressions" .cindex "regular expressions" "testing" .cindex "&'pcretest'&" @@ -5933,7 +5969,7 @@ in &$1$& and the &"ac"& or &"edu"& in &$2$&. .chapter "File and database lookups" "CHAPfdlookup" .scindex IIDfidalo1 "file" "lookups" -.scindex IIDfidalo2 "database lookups" +.scindex IIDfidalo2 "database" "lookups" .cindex "lookup" "description of" Exim can be configured to look up data in files or databases as it processes messages. Two different kinds of syntax are used: @@ -5959,7 +5995,7 @@ if you have read the other two first. If you are reading this for the first time, be aware that some of it will make a lot more sense after you have read chapters &<>& and &<>&. -.section "Examples of different lookup syntax" +.section "Examples of different lookup syntax" "SECID60" It is easy to confuse the two different kinds of lookup, especially as the lists that may contain the second kind are always expanded before being processed as lists. Therefore, they may also contain lookups of the first kind. @@ -6004,7 +6040,7 @@ available. Any of them can be used in any part of the configuration where a lookup is permitted. -.section "Lookup types" +.section "Lookup types" "SECID61" .cindex "lookup" "types of" .cindex "single-key lookup" "definition of" Two different types of data lookup are implemented: @@ -6046,7 +6082,7 @@ The following single-key lookup types are implemented: &(cdb)&: The given file is searched as a Constant DataBase file, using the key string without a terminating binary zero. The cdb format is designed for indexed files that are read frequently and never updated, except by total -re-creation. As such, it is particulary suitable for large files containing +re-creation. As such, it is particularly suitable for large files containing aliases or other indexed data referenced by an MTA. Information about cdb can be found in several places: .display @@ -6246,7 +6282,7 @@ lookup types support only literal keys. .endlist ilist -.section "Query-style lookup types" +.section "Query-style lookup types" "SECID62" .cindex "lookup" "query-style types" .cindex "query-style lookup" "list of types" The supported query-style lookup types are listed below. Further details about @@ -6315,12 +6351,14 @@ not likely to be useful in normal operation. .next .cindex "whoson lookup type" .cindex "lookup" "whoson" -&(whoson)&: &'Whoson'& (&url(http://whoson.sourceforge.net)) is a proposed -Internet protocol that allows Internet server programs to check whether a -particular (dynamically allocated) IP address is currently allocated to a known -(trusted) user and, optionally, to obtain the identity of the said user. In -Exim, this can be used to implement &"POP before SMTP"& checking using ACL -statements such as +.new +&(whoson)&: &'Whoson'& (&url(http://whoson.sourceforge.net)) is a protocol that +allows a server to check whether a particular (dynamically allocated) IP +address is currently allocated to a known (trusted) user and, optionally, to +obtain the identity of the said user. For SMTP servers, &'Whoson'& was popular +at one time for &"POP before SMTP"& authentication, but that approach has been +superseded by SMTP authentication. In Exim, &'Whoson'& can be used to implement +&"POP before SMTP"& checking using ACL statements such as .code require condition = \ ${lookup whoson {$sender_host_address}{yes}{no}} @@ -6329,11 +6367,12 @@ The query consists of a single IP address. The value returned is the name of the authenticated user, which is stored in the variable &$value$&. However, in this example, the data in &$value$& is not used; the result of the lookup is one of the fixed strings &"yes"& or &"no"&. +.wen .endlist -.section "Temporary errors in lookups" +.section "Temporary errors in lookups" "SECID63" .cindex "lookup" "temporary error in" Lookup functions can return temporary error codes if the lookup cannot be completed. For example, an SQL or LDAP database might be unavailable. For this @@ -6356,11 +6395,9 @@ or may give up altogether. In this context, a &"default value"& is a value specified by the administrator that is to be used if a lookup fails. -.new &*Note:*& This section applies only to single-key lookups. For query-style lookups, the facilities of the query language must be used. An attempt to specify a default for a query-style lookup provokes an error. -.wen If &"*"& is added to a single-key lookup type (for example, &%lsearch*%&) and the initial lookup fails, the key &"*"& is looked up in the file to @@ -6502,7 +6539,7 @@ subject key is always followed by a dot. -.section "Lookup caching" +.section "Lookup caching" "SECID64" .cindex "lookup" "caching" .cindex "caching" "lookup data" Exim caches all lookup results in order to avoid needless repetition of @@ -6524,7 +6561,7 @@ complete. -.section "Quoting lookup data" +.section "Quoting lookup data" "SECID65" .cindex "lookup" "quoting" .cindex "quoting" "in lookups" When data from an incoming message is included in a query-style lookup, there @@ -6600,7 +6637,7 @@ ${lookup dnsdb{>: a=host1.example}} It is permitted to specify a space as the separator character. Further white space is ignored. -.section "Pseudo dnsdb record types" +.section "Pseudo dnsdb record types" "SECID66" .cindex "MX record" "in &(dnsdb)& lookup" By default, both the preference value and the host name are returned for each MX record, separated by a space. If you want only host names, you can use @@ -6611,7 +6648,7 @@ ${lookup dnsdb{mxh=a.b.example}} In this case, the preference values are omitted, and just the host names are returned. -.cindex "name server" "for enclosing domain" +.cindex "name server for enclosing domain" Another pseudo-type is ZNS (for &"zone NS"&). It performs a lookup for NS records on the given domain, but if none are found, it removes the first component of the domain name, and tries again. This process continues until NS @@ -6648,7 +6685,7 @@ The authorization code can be &"Y"& for yes, &"N"& for no, &"X"& for explicit authorization required but absent, or &"?"& for unknown. -.section "Multiple dnsdb lookups" +.section "Multiple dnsdb lookups" "SECID67" In the previous sections, &(dnsdb)& lookups for a single domain are described. However, you can specify a list of domains or IP addresses in a single &(dnsdb)& lookup. The list is specified in the normal Exim way, with colon as @@ -6688,7 +6725,7 @@ yields some data, the lookup succeeds. .section "More about LDAP" "SECTldap" -.cindex "LDAP lookup" +.cindex "LDAP" "lookup, more about" .cindex "lookup" "LDAP" .cindex "Solaris" "LDAP" The original LDAP implementation came from the University of Michigan; this has @@ -6745,7 +6782,7 @@ secure (encrypted) LDAP connections. The second of these ensures that an encrypted TLS connection is used. -.section "LDAP quoting" +.section "LDAP quoting" "SECID68" .cindex "LDAP" "quoting" Two levels of quoting are required in LDAP queries, the first for LDAP itself and the second because the LDAP query is represented as a URL. Furthermore, @@ -6802,7 +6839,7 @@ There are some further comments about quoting in the section on LDAP authentication below. -.section "LDAP connections" +.section "LDAP connections" "SECID69" .cindex "LDAP" "connections" The connection to an LDAP server may either be over TCP/IP, or, when OpenLDAP is in use, via a Unix domain socket. The example given above does not specify @@ -6822,7 +6859,7 @@ Errors which cause the next server to be tried are connection failures, bind failures, and timeouts. For each server name in the list, a port number can be given. The standard way -of specifing a host and port is to use a colon separator (RFC 1738). Because +of specifying a host and port is to use a colon separator (RFC 1738). Because &%ldap_default_servers%& is a colon-separated list, such colons have to be doubled. For example .code @@ -6876,7 +6913,7 @@ Using &`ldapi`& with no host or path in the query, and no setting of -.section "LDAP authentication and control information" +.section "LDAP authentication and control information" "SECID70" .cindex "LDAP" "authentication" The LDAP URL syntax provides no way of passing authentication and other control information to the server. To make this possible, the URL in an LDAP query may @@ -6960,7 +6997,7 @@ SMTP authentication. See the &%ldapauth%& expansion string condition in chapter -.section "Format of data returned by LDAP" +.section "Format of data returned by LDAP" "SECID71" .cindex "LDAP" "returned data formats" The &(ldapdn)& lookup type returns the Distinguished Name from a single entry as a sequence of values, for example @@ -7069,7 +7106,7 @@ If the result of the query yields more than one row, it is all concatenated, with a newline between the data for each row. -.section "More about MySQL, PostgreSQL, Oracle, and InterBase" +.section "More about MySQL, PostgreSQL, Oracle, and InterBase" "SECID72" .cindex "MySQL" "lookup type" .cindex "PostgreSQL lookup type" .cindex "lookup" "MySQL" @@ -7109,7 +7146,7 @@ for MySQL because these escapes are not recognized in contexts where these characters are not special. -.section "Special MySQL features" +.section "Special MySQL features" "SECID73" For MySQL, an empty host name or the use of &"localhost"& in &%mysql_servers%& causes a connection to the server on the local host by means of a Unix domain socket. An alternate socket can be specified in parentheses. The full syntax of @@ -7132,7 +7169,7 @@ anything (for example, setting a field to the value it already has), the result is zero because no rows are affected. -.section "Special PostgreSQL features" +.section "Special PostgreSQL features" "SECID74" PostgreSQL lookups can also use Unix domain socket connections to the database. This is usually faster and costs less CPU time than a TCP/IP connection. However it can be used only if the mail server runs on the same machine as the @@ -7151,7 +7188,7 @@ affected. .section "More about SQLite" "SECTsqlite" .cindex "lookup" "SQLite" -.cindex "SQLite lookup type" +.cindex "sqlite lookup type" SQLite is different to the other SQL lookups because a file name is required in addition to the SQL query. An SQLite database is a single file, and there is no daemon as in the other SQL databases. The interface to Exim requires the name @@ -7201,7 +7238,7 @@ general facilities that apply to all four kinds of list. -.section "Expansion of lists" +.section "Expansion of lists" "SECID75" .cindex "expansion" "of lists" Each list is expanded as a single string before it is used. The result of expansion must be a list, possibly containing empty items, which is split up @@ -7231,7 +7268,7 @@ senders based on the receiving domain. -.section "Negated items in lists" +.section "Negated items in lists" "SECID76" .cindex "list" "negation" .cindex "negation" "in lists" Items in a list may be positive or negative. Negative items are indicated by a @@ -7306,7 +7343,7 @@ any domain matching &`*.b.c`& is not. -.section "An lsearch file is not an out-of-line list" +.section "An lsearch file is not an out-of-line list" "SECID77" As will be described in the sections that follow, lookups can be used in lists to provide indexed methods of checking list membership. There has been some confusion about the way &(lsearch)& lookups work in lists. Because @@ -7401,7 +7438,7 @@ hosts. The default configuration is set up like this. -.section "Named lists compared with macros" +.section "Named lists compared with macros" "SECID78" .cindex "list" "named compared with macro" .cindex "macro" "compared with named list" At first sight, named lists might seem to be no different from macros in the @@ -7427,7 +7464,7 @@ auth_advertise_hosts = !host1 : !host2 .endd -.section "Named list caching" +.section "Named list caching" "SECID79" .cindex "list" "caching of named" .cindex "caching" "named lists" While processing a message, Exim caches the result of checking a named list if @@ -7641,7 +7678,7 @@ You need to be particularly careful with this when single-key lookups are involved, to ensure that the right value is being used as the key. -.section "Special host list patterns" +.section "Special host list patterns" "SECID80" .cindex "empty item in hosts list" .cindex "host list" "empty string in" If a host list item is the empty string, it matches only when no remote host is @@ -7793,8 +7830,8 @@ case letters and dots as separators instead of the more usual colon, because colon is the key terminator in &(lsearch)& files. Full, unabbreviated IPv6 addresses are always used. -&*Warning*&: Specifing &%net32-%& (for an IPv4 address) or &%net128-%& (for an -IPv6 address) is not the same as specifing just &%net-%& without a number. In +&*Warning*&: Specifying &%net32-%& (for an IPv4 address) or &%net128-%& (for an +IPv6 address) is not the same as specifying just &%net-%& without a number. In the former case the key strings include the mask value, whereas in the latter case the IP address is used on its own. @@ -7821,7 +7858,6 @@ Consider what will happen if a name cannot be found. Because of the problems of determining host names from IP addresses, matching against host names is not as common as matching against IP addresses. -.new By default, in order to find a host name, Exim first does a reverse DNS lookup; if no name is found in the DNS, the system function (&[gethostbyaddr()]& or &[getipnodebyaddr()]& if available) is tried. The order in which these lookups @@ -7831,7 +7867,6 @@ for these names and compares them with the IP address that it started with. Only those names whose IP addresses match are accepted. Any other names are discarded. If no names are left, Exim behaves as if the host name cannot be found. In the most common case there is only one name and one IP address. -.wen There are some options that control what happens if a host name cannot be found. These are described in section &<>& below. @@ -7932,7 +7967,7 @@ for example .code dbm;/host/accept/list .endd -a single-key lookup is performend, using the host name as its key. If the +a single-key lookup is performed, using the host name as its key. If the lookup succeeds, the host matches the item. The actual data that is looked up is not used. @@ -7945,7 +7980,7 @@ lookup, both using the same file. -.section "Host list patterns for query-style lookups" +.section "Host list patterns for query-style lookups" "SECID81" If a pattern is of the form .display <&'query-style-search-type'&>;<&'query'&> @@ -8299,7 +8334,7 @@ string. -.section "Character escape sequences in expanded strings" +.section "Character escape sequences in expanded strings" "SECID82" .cindex "expansion" "escape sequences" A backslash followed by one of the letters &"n"&, &"r"&, or &"t"& in an expanded string is recognized as an escape sequence for the character newline, @@ -8313,10 +8348,10 @@ in. Their interpretation in expansions as well is useful for unquoted strings, and for other cases such as looked-up strings that are then expanded. -.section "Testing string expansions" +.section "Testing string expansions" "SECID83" .cindex "expansion" "testing" .cindex "testing" "string expansion" -.cindex "&%-be%& option" +.oindex "&%-be%&" Many expansions can be tested by calling Exim with the &%-be%& option. This takes the command arguments, or lines from the standard input if there are no arguments, runs them through the string expansion code, and writes the results @@ -8330,8 +8365,7 @@ Exim gives up its root privilege when it is called with the &%-be%& option, and instead runs under the uid and gid it was called with, to prevent users from using &%-be%& for reading files to which they do not have access. -.new -.cindex "&%-bem%& option" +.oindex "&%-bem%&" If you want to test expansions that include variables whose values are taken from a message, there are two other options that can be used. The &%-bem%& option is like &%-be%& except that it is followed by a file name. The file is @@ -8346,7 +8380,6 @@ exim -be -Mset 1GrA8W-0004WS-LQ '$recipients' .endd This loads the message from Exim's spool before doing the test expansions, and is therefore restricted to admin users. -.wen .section "Forced expansion failure" "SECTforexpfai" @@ -8448,7 +8481,7 @@ form: .display <&'key1'&> = <&'value1'&> <&'key2'&> = <&'value2'&> ... .endd -.cindex "&$value$&" +.vindex "&$value$&" where the equals signs and spaces (but not both) are optional. If any of the values contain white space, they must be enclosed in double quotes, and any values that are enclosed in double quotes are subject to escape processing as @@ -8507,6 +8540,26 @@ yields &"99"&. Two successive separators mean that the field between them is empty (for example, the fifth field above). +.new +.vitem &*${filter{*&<&'string'&>&*}{*&<&'condition'&>&*}}*& +.cindex "list" "selecting by condition" +.cindex "expansion" "selecting from list by condition" +.vindex "&$item$&" +After expansion, <&'string'&> is interpreted as a list, colon-separated by +default, but the separator can be changed in the usual way. For each item +in this list, its value is place in &$item$&, and then the condition is +evaluated. If the condition is true, &$item$& is added to the output as an +item in a new list; if the condition is false, the item is discarded. The +separator used for the output list is the same as the one used for the +input, but a separator setting is not included in the output. For example: +.code +${filter{a:b:c}{!eq{$item}{b}} +.endd +yields &`a:c`&. At the end of the expansion, the value of &$item$& is restored +to what it was before. See also the &*map*& and &*reduce*& expansion items. +.wen + + .vitem &*${hash{*&<&'string1'&>&*}{*&<&'string2'&>&*}{*&<&'string3'&>&*}}*& .cindex "hash function" "textual" .cindex "expansion" "textual hash" @@ -8548,9 +8601,9 @@ See &*$rheader*& below. .vitem "&*$rheader_*&<&'header&~name'&>&*:*&&~or&~&&& &*$rh_*&<&'header&~name'&>&*:*&" .cindex "expansion" "header insertion" -.cindex "&$header_$&" -.cindex "&$bheader_$&" -.cindex "&$rheader_$&" +.vindex "&$header_$&" +.vindex "&$bheader_$&" +.vindex "&$rheader_$&" .cindex "header lines" "in expansion strings" .cindex "header lines" "character sets" .cindex "header lines" "decoding" @@ -8606,7 +8659,6 @@ any printing characters except space and colon. Consequently, curly brackets &'do not'& terminate header names, and should not be used to enclose them as if they were variables. Attempting to do so causes a syntax error. -.new Only header lines that are common to all copies of a message are visible to this mechanism. These are the original header lines that are received with the message, and any that are added by an ACL statement or by a system @@ -8619,7 +8671,6 @@ message is received. Header lines that are added in a RCPT ACL (for example) are saved until the message's incoming header lines are available, at which point they are added. When a DATA ACL is running, however, header lines added by earlier ACLs are visible. -.wen Upper case and lower case letters are synonymous in header names. If the following character is white space, the terminating colon may be omitted, but @@ -8629,7 +8680,6 @@ If the message does not contain the given header, the expansion item is replaced by an empty string. (See the &%def%& condition in section &<>& for a means of testing for the existence of a header.) -.new If there is more than one header with the same name, they are all concatenated to form the substitution string, up to a maximum length of 64K. Unless &%rheader%& is being used, leading and trailing white space is removed from @@ -8638,7 +8688,6 @@ newline character is then inserted between non-empty headers, but there is no newline at the very end. For the &%header%& and &%bheader%& expansion, for those headers that contain lists of addresses, a comma is also inserted at the junctions between headers. This does not happen for the &%rheader%& expansion. -.wen .vitem &*${hmac{*&<&'hashname'&>&*}{*&<&'secret'&>&*}{*&<&'string'&>&*}}*& @@ -8707,7 +8756,7 @@ condition = ${if >{$acl_m4}{3}} .vitem &*${length{*&<&'string1'&>&*}{*&<&'string2'&>&*}}*& .cindex "expansion" "string truncation" -.cindex "&%length%&" "expansion item" +.cindex "&%length%& expansion item" The &%length%& item is used to extract the initial portion of a string. Both strings are expanded, and the first one must yield a number, <&'n'&>, say. If you are using a fixed value for the number, that is, if <&'string1'&> does not @@ -8742,7 +8791,7 @@ other place where white space is significant, the lookup item must be enclosed in double quotes. The use of data lookups in users' filter files may be locked out by the system administrator. -.cindex "&$value$&" +.vindex "&$value$&" If the lookup succeeds, <&'string1'&> is expanded and replaces the entire item. During its expansion, the variable &$value$& contains the data returned by the lookup. Afterwards it reverts to the value it had previously (at the outer @@ -8782,6 +8831,25 @@ ${lookup nisplus {[name=$local_part],passwd.org_dir:gcos} \ {$value}fail} .endd + +.new +.vitem &*${map{*&<&'string1'&>&*}{*&<&'string2'&>&*}}*& +.cindex "expansion" "list creation" +.vindex "&$item$&" +After expansion, <&'string1'&> is interpreted as a list, colon-separated by +default, but the separator can be changed in the usual way. For each item +in this list, its value is place in &$item$&, and then <&'string2'&> is +expanded and added to the output as an item in a new list. The separator used +for the output list is the same as the one used for the input, but a separator +setting is not included in the output. For example: +.code +${map{a:b:c}{[$item]}} ${map{<- x-y-z}{($item)}} +.endd +expands to &`[a]:[b]:[c] (x)-(y)-(z)`&. At the end of the expansion, the +value of &$item$& is restored to what it was before. See also the &*filter*& +and &*reduce*& expansion items. +.wen + .vitem &*${nhash{*&<&'string1'&>&*}{*&<&'string2'&>&*}{*&<&'string3'&>&*}}*& .cindex "expansion" "numeric hash" .cindex "hash function" "numeric" @@ -8829,7 +8897,7 @@ out the use of this expansion item in filter files. .vitem &*${prvs{*&<&'address'&>&*}{*&<&'secret'&>&*}{*&<&'keynumber'&>&*}}*& -.cindex "prvs" "expansion item" +.cindex "&%prvs%& expansion item" The first argument is a complete email address and the second is secret keystring. The third argument, specifying a key number, is optional. If absent, it defaults to 0. The result of the expansion is a prvs-signed email address, @@ -8839,7 +8907,7 @@ and an example, see section &<>&. .vitem "&*${prvscheck{*&<&'address'&>&*}{*&<&'secret'&>&*}&&& {*&<&'string'&>&*}}*&" -.cindex "prvscheck" "expansion item" +.cindex "&%prvscheck%& expansion item" This expansion item is the complement of the &%prvs%& item. It is used for checking prvs-signed addresses. If the expansion of the first argument does not yield a syntactically valid prvs-signed address, the whole item expands to the @@ -8883,7 +8951,7 @@ locks out the use of this expansion item in filter files. .vitem "&*${readsocket{*&<&'name'&>&*}{*&<&'request'&>&*}&&& {*&<&'timeout'&>&*}{*&<&'eol&~string'&>&*}{*&<&'fail&~string'&>&*}}*&" .cindex "expansion" "inserting from a socket" -.cindex "socket" "use of in expansion" +.cindex "socket, use of in expansion" .cindex "&%readsocket%& expansion item" This item inserts data from a Unix domain or Internet socket into the expanded string. The minimal way of using it uses just two arguments, as in these @@ -8946,6 +9014,35 @@ non-existent Unix domain socket, or a failure to connect to an Internet socket. The &(redirect)& router has an option called &%forbid_filter_readsocket%& which locks out the use of this expansion item in filter files. + +.new +.vitem &*${reduce{*&<&'string1'&>}{<&'string2'&>&*}{*&<&'string3'&>&*}}*& +.cindex "expansion" "reducing a list to a scalar" +.cindex "list" "reducing to a scalar" +.vindex "&$value$&" +.vindex "&$item$&" +This operation reduces a list to a single, scalar string. After expansion, +<&'string1'&> is interpreted as a list, colon-separated by default, but the +separator can be changed in the usual way. Then <&'string2'&> is expanded and +assigned to the &$value$& variable. After this, each item in the <&'string1'&> +list is assigned to &$item$& in turn, and <&'string3'&> is expanded for each of +them. The result of that expansion is assigned to &$value$& before the next +iteration. When the end of the list is reached, the final value of &$value$& is +added to the expansion output. The &*reduce*& expansion item can be used in a +number of ways. For example, to add up a list of numbers: +.code +${reduce {<, 1,2,3}{0}{${eval:$value+$item}}} +.endd +The result of that expansion would be &`6`&. The maximum of a list of numbers +can be found: +.code +${reduce {3:0:9:4:6}{0}{${if >{$item}{$value}{$item}{$value}}}} +.endd +At the end of a &*reduce*& expansion, the values of &$item$& and &$value$& are +restored to what they were before. See also the &*filter*& and &*map*& +expansion items. +.wen + .vitem &*$rheader_*&<&'header&~name'&>&*:&~or&~$rh_*&<&'header&~name'&>&*:*& This item inserts &"raw"& header lines. It is described with the &%header%& expansion item above. @@ -8959,11 +9056,10 @@ command is run in a separate process, but under the same uid and gid. As in other command executions from Exim, a shell is not used by default. If you want a shell, you must explicitly code it. -.new The standard input for the command exists, but is empty. The standard output and standard error are set to the same file descriptor. .cindex "return code" "from &%run%& expansion" -.cindex "&$value$&" +.vindex "&$value$&" If the command succeeds (gives a zero return code) <&'string1'&> is expanded and replaces the entire item; during this expansion, the standard output/error from the command is in the variable &$value$&. If the command fails, @@ -8975,9 +9071,8 @@ If <&'string2'&> is absent, the result is empty. Alternatively, <&'string2'&> can be the word &"fail"& (not in braces) to force expansion failure if the command does not succeed. If both strings are omitted, the result is contents of the standard output/error on success, and nothing on failure. -.wen -.cindex "&$runrc$&" +.vindex "&$runrc$&" The return code from the command is put in the variable &$runrc$&, and this remains set afterwards, so in a filter file you can do things like this: .code @@ -9026,7 +9121,7 @@ the regular expression from string expansion. .vitem &*${substr{*&<&'string1'&>&*}{*&<&'string2'&>&*}{*&<&'string3'&>&*}}*& -.cindex "&%substr%&" +.cindex "&%substr%& expansion item" .cindex "substring extraction" .cindex "expansion" "substring extraction" The three strings are expanded; the first two must yield numbers. Call them @@ -9110,12 +9205,36 @@ following operations can be performed: .vlist .vitem &*${address:*&<&'string'&>&*}*& .cindex "expansion" "RFC 2822 address handling" -.cindex "&%address%&" "expansion item" +.cindex "&%address%& expansion item" The string is interpreted as an RFC 2822 address, as it might appear in a header line, and the effective address is extracted from it. If the string does not parse successfully, the result is empty. +.new +.vitem &*${addresses:*&<&'string'&>&*}*& +.cindex "expansion" "RFC 2822 address handling" +.cindex "&%addresses%& expansion item" +The string (after expansion) is interpreted as a list of addresses in RFC +2822 format, such as can be found in a &'To:'& or &'Cc:'& header line. The +operative address (&'local-part@domain'&) is extracted from each item, and the +result of the expansion is a colon-separated list, with appropriate +doubling of colons should any happen to be present in the email addresses. +Syntactically invalid RFC2822 address items are omitted from the output. + +It is possible to specify a character other than colon for the output +separator by starting the string with > followed by the new separator +character. For example: +.code +${addresses:>& Chief , sec@base.ment (dogsbody)} +.endd +expands to &`ceo@up.stairs&&sec@base.ment`&. Compare the &*address*& (singular) +expansion item, which extracts the working address from a single RFC2822 +address. See the &*filter*&, &*map*&, and &*reduce*& items for ways of +processing lists. +.wen + + .vitem &*${base62:*&<&'digits'&>&*}*& .cindex "&%base62%&" .cindex "expansion" "conversion to base 62" @@ -9154,21 +9273,20 @@ is controlled by the &%print_topbitchars%& option. .cindex "expansion" "expression evaluation" .cindex "expansion" "arithmetic expression" .cindex "&%eval%& expansion item" -.new These items supports simple arithmetic and bitwise logical operations in expansion strings. The string (after expansion) must be a conventional arithmetic expression, but it is limited to basic arithmetic operators, bitwise logical operators, and parentheses. All operations are carried out using integer arithmetic. The operator priorities are as follows (the same as in the C programming language): -.table2 90pt 300pt -.row &~&~&~&~&~&~&~&~&'highest:'& "not (~), negate (-)" -.row "" "multiply (*), divide (/), remainder (%)" -.row "" "plus (+), minus (-)" -.row "" "shift-left (<<), shift-right (>>)" -.row "" "and (&&)" -.row "" "xor (^)" -.row &~&~&~&~&~&~&~&~&'lowest:'& "or (|)" +.table2 70pt 300pt +.irow &'highest:'& "not (~), negate (-)" +.irow "" "multiply (*), divide (/), remainder (%)" +.irow "" "plus (+), minus (-)" +.irow "" "shift-left (<<), shift-right (>>)" +.irow "" "and (&&)" +.irow "" "xor (^)" +.irow &'lowest:'& "or (|)" .endtable Binary operators with the same priority are evaluated from left to right. White space is permitted before or after operators. @@ -9196,7 +9314,6 @@ a decimal representation of the answer (without &"K"& or &"M"&). For example: &`${eval:~255&0x1234} `& yields 4608 &`${eval:-(~255&0x1234)} `& yields -4608 .endd -.wen As a more realistic example, in an ACL you might have .code @@ -9282,7 +9399,7 @@ ${lc:$local_part} .vitem &*${length_*&<&'number'&>&*:*&<&'string'&>&*}*& .cindex "expansion" "string truncation" -.cindex "&%length%&" "expansion item" +.cindex "&%length%& expansion item" The &%length%& operator is a simpler interface to the &%length%& function that can be used when the parameter is a fixed number (as opposed to a string that changes when expanded). The effect is the same as @@ -9413,6 +9530,18 @@ string, using as many &"encoded words"& as necessary to encode all the characters. +.new +.vitem &*${rfc2047d:*&<&'string'&>&*}*& +.cindex "expansion" "RFC 2047" +.cindex "RFC 2047" "decoding" +.cindex "&%rfc2047d%& expansion item" +This operator decodes strings that are encoded as per RFC 2047. Binary zero +bytes are replaced by question marks. Characters are converted into the +character set defined by &%headers_charset%&. Overlong RFC 2047 &"words"& are +not recognized unless &%check_rfc2047_length%& is set false. +.wen + + .vitem &*${rxquote:*&<&'string'&>&*}*& .cindex "quoting" "in regular expressions" @@ -9539,12 +9668,12 @@ Note that the general negation operator provides for inequality testing. The two strings must take the form of optionally signed decimal integers, optionally followed by one of the letters &"K"& or &"M"& (in either upper or lower case), signifying multiplication by 1024 or 1024*1024, respectively. -&new("As a special case, the numerical value of an empty string is taken as -zero.") +As a special case, the numerical value of an empty string is taken as +zero. .vitem &*crypteq&~{*&<&'string1'&>&*}{*&<&'string2'&>&*}*& .cindex "expansion" "encrypted comparison" -.cindex "encrypted strings" "comparing" +.cindex "encrypted strings, comparing" .cindex "&%crypteq%& expansion condition" This condition is included in the Exim binary if it is built to support any authentication mechanisms (see chapter &<>&). Otherwise, it is @@ -9596,9 +9725,8 @@ systems this is no longer true, and in many cases the entire password is used, whatever its length. .next -.new .cindex "&[crypt16()]&" -&%{crypt16}%& calls the &[crypt16()]& function, which was orginally created to +&%{crypt16}%& calls the &[crypt16()]& function, which was originally created to use up to 16 characters of the password in some operating systems. Again, in modern operating systems, more characters may be used. .endlist @@ -9624,7 +9752,6 @@ comparison, the default is usually either &`{crypt}`& or &`{crypt16}`&, as determined by the setting of DEFAULT_CRYPT in &_Local/Makefile_&. The default default is &`{crypt}`&. Whatever the default, you can always use either function by specifying it explicitly in curly brackets. -.wen .vitem &*def:*&<&'variable&~name'&> .cindex "expansion" "checking for empty variable" @@ -9649,19 +9776,15 @@ ${if def:header_reply-to:{$h_reply-to:}{$h_from:}} &*Note*&: No &%$%& appears before &%header_%& or &%h_%& in the condition, and the header name must be terminated by a colon if white space does not follow. -.vitem &*eq&~{*&<&'string1'&>&*}{*&<&'string2'&>&*}*& +.vitem &*eq&~{*&<&'string1'&>&*}{*&<&'string2'&>&*}*& &&& + &*eqi&~{*&<&'string1'&>&*}{*&<&'string2'&>&*}*& .cindex "string" "comparison" .cindex "expansion" "string comparison" .cindex "&%eq%& expansion condition" -The two substrings are first expanded. The condition is true if the two -resulting strings are identical, including the case of letters. - -.vitem &*eqi&~{*&<&'string1'&>&*}{*&<&'string2'&>&*}*& -.cindex "string" "comparison" -.cindex "expansion" "string comparison" .cindex "&%eqi%& expansion condition" The two substrings are first expanded. The condition is true if the two -resulting strings are identical when compared in a case-independent way. +resulting strings are identical. For &%eq%& the comparison includes the case of +letters, whereas for &%eqi%& the comparison is case-independent. .vitem &*exists&~{*&<&'file&~name'&>&*}*& .cindex "expansion" "file existence test" @@ -9680,43 +9803,69 @@ users' filter files may be locked out by the system administrator. This condition, which has no data, is true during a message's first delivery attempt. It is false during any subsequent delivery attempts. -.vitem &*ge&~{*&<&'string1'&>&*}{*&<&'string2'&>&*}*& -.cindex "&%ge%& expansion condition" -See &*gei*&. -.vitem &*gei&~{*&<&'string1'&>&*}{*&<&'string2'&>&*}*& +.new +.vitem "&*forall{*&<&'a list'&>&*}{*&<&'a condition'&>&*}*&" &&& + "&*forany{*&<&'a list'&>&*}{*&<&'a condition'&>&*}*&" +.cindex "list" "iterative conditions" +.cindex "expansion" "&*forall*& condition" +.cindex "expansion" "&*forany*& condition" +.vindex "&$item$&" +These conditions iterate over a list. The first argument is expanded to form +the list. By default, the list separator is a colon, but it can be changed by +the normal method. The second argument is interpreted as a condition that is to +be applied to each item in the list in turn. During the interpretation of the +condition, the current list item is placed in a variable called &$item$&. +.ilist +For &*forany*&, interpretation stops if the condition is true for any item, and +the result of the whole condition is true. If the condition is false for all +items in the list, the overall condition is false. +.next +For &*forall*&, interpretation stops if the condition is false for any item, +and the result of the whole condition is false. If the condition is true for +all items in the list, the overall condition is true. +.endlist +Note that negation of &*forany*& means that the condition must be false for all +items for the overall condition to succeed, and negation of &*forall*& means +that the condition must be false for at least one item. In this example, the +list separator is changed to a comma: +.code +${if forany{<, $recipients}{match{$item}{^user3@}}{yes}{no}} +.endd +The value of &$item$& is saved and restored while &*forany*& or &*forall*& is +being processed, to enable these expansion items to be nested. +.wen + + +.vitem &*ge&~{*&<&'string1'&>&*}{*&<&'string2'&>&*}*& &&& + &*gei&~{*&<&'string1'&>&*}{*&<&'string2'&>&*}*& .cindex "string" "comparison" .cindex "expansion" "string comparison" +.cindex "&%ge%& expansion condition" .cindex "&%gei%& expansion condition" The two substrings are first expanded. The condition is true if the first -string is lexically greater than or equal to the second string: for &%ge%& the +string is lexically greater than or equal to the second string. For &%ge%& the comparison includes the case of letters, whereas for &%gei%& the comparison is case-independent. -.vitem &*gt&~{*&<&'string1'&>&*}{*&<&'string2'&>&*}*& -.cindex "&%gt%& expansion condition" -See &*gti*&. - -.vitem &*gti&~{*&<&'string1'&>&*}{*&<&'string2'&>&*}*& +.vitem &*gt&~{*&<&'string1'&>&*}{*&<&'string2'&>&*}*& &&& + &*gti&~{*&<&'string1'&>&*}{*&<&'string2'&>&*}*& .cindex "string" "comparison" .cindex "expansion" "string comparison" +.cindex "&%gt%& expansion condition" .cindex "&%gti%& expansion condition" The two substrings are first expanded. The condition is true if the first -string is lexically greater than the second string: for &%gt%& the comparison +string is lexically greater than the second string. For &%gt%& the comparison includes the case of letters, whereas for &%gti%& the comparison is case-independent. -.vitem &*isip&~{*&<&'string'&>&*}*& -.cindex "&%isip%& expansion condition" -See &*isip6*&. - -.vitem &*isip4&~{*&<&'string'&>&*}*& -.cindex "&%isip4%& expansion condition" -See &*isip6*&. - -.vitem &*isip6&~{*&<&'string'&>&*}*& +.vitem &*isip&~{*&<&'string'&>&*}*& &&& + &*isip4&~{*&<&'string'&>&*}*& &&& + &*isip6&~{*&<&'string'&>&*}*& .cindex "IP address" "testing string format" .cindex "string" "testing for IP address" +.cindex "&%isip%& expansion condition" +.cindex "&%isip4%& expansion condition" .cindex "&%isip6%& expansion condition" The substring is first expanded, and then tested to see if it has the form of an IP address. Both IPv4 and IPv6 addresses are valid for &%isip%&, whereas @@ -9744,29 +9893,25 @@ of SMTP authentication, and chapter &<>& for an example of how this can be used. -.vitem &*le&~{*&<&'string1'&>&*}{*&<&'string2'&>&*}*& -.cindex "&%le%& expansion condition" -See &*lei*&. - -.vitem &*lei&~{*&<&'string1'&>&*}{*&<&'string2'&>&*}*& +.vitem &*le&~{*&<&'string1'&>&*}{*&<&'string2'&>&*}*& &&& + &*lei&~{*&<&'string1'&>&*}{*&<&'string2'&>&*}*& .cindex "string" "comparison" .cindex "expansion" "string comparison" +.cindex "&%le%& expansion condition" .cindex "&%lei%& expansion condition" The two substrings are first expanded. The condition is true if the first -string is lexically less than or equal to the second string: for &%le%& the +string is lexically less than or equal to the second string. For &%le%& the comparison includes the case of letters, whereas for &%lei%& the comparison is case-independent. -.vitem &*lt&~{*&<&'string1'&>&*}{*&<&'string2'&>&*}*& -.cindex "&%lt%& expansion condition" -See &*lti*&. - -.vitem &*lti&~{*&<&'string1'&>&*}{*&<&'string2'&>&*}*& +.vitem &*lt&~{*&<&'string1'&>&*}{*&<&'string2'&>&*}*& &&& + &*lti&~{*&<&'string1'&>&*}{*&<&'string2'&>&*}*& .cindex "string" "comparison" .cindex "expansion" "string comparison" +.cindex "&%lt%& expansion condition" .cindex "&%lti%& expansion condition" The two substrings are first expanded. The condition is true if the first -string is lexically less than the second string: for &%lt%& the comparison +string is lexically less than the second string. For &%lt%& the comparison includes the case of letters, whereas for &%lti%& the comparison is case-independent. @@ -9833,7 +9978,9 @@ An empty item, which matches only if the IP address is empty. This could be useful for testing for a locally submitted message or one from specific hosts in a single test such as . ==== As this is a nested list, any displays it contains must be indented -. ==== as otherwise they are too far to the left. +. ==== as otherwise they are too far to the left. This comment applies to +. ==== the use of xmlto plus fop. There's no problem when formatting with +. ==== sdop, with or without the extra indent. .code ${if match_ip{$sender_host_address}{:4.3.2.1:...}{...}{...}} .endd @@ -9841,19 +9988,27 @@ where the first item in the list is the empty string. .next The item @[] matches any of the local host's interface addresses. .next -Lookups are assumed to be &"net-"& style lookups, even if &`net-`& is not -specified. Thus, the following are equivalent: +.new +Single-key lookups are assumed to be like &"net-"& style lookups in host lists, +even if &`net-`& is not specified. There is never any attempt to turn the IP +address into a host name. The most common type of linear search for +&*match_ip*& is likely to be &*iplsearch*&, in which the file can contain CIDR +masks. For example: +.code + ${if match_ip{$sender_host_address}{iplsearch;/some/file}... +.endd +It is of course possible to use other kinds of lookup, and in such a case, you +do need to specify the &`net-`& prefix if you want to specify a specific +address mask, for example: .code - ${if match_ip{$sender_host_address}{lsearch;/some/file}... - ${if match_ip{$sender_host_address}{net-lsearch;/some/file}... + ${if match_ip{$sender_host_address}{net24-dbm;/some/file}... .endd -You do need to specify the &`net-`& prefix if you want to specify a -specific address mask, for example, by using &`net24-`&. However, unless you -are combining a &%match_ip%& condition with others, it is usually neater to use -an expansion lookup such as: +However, unless you are combining a &%match_ip%& condition with others, it is +just as easy to use the fact that a lookup is itself a condition, and write: .code - ${lookup{${mask:$sender_host_address/24}}lsearch{/some/file}... + ${lookup{${mask:$sender_host_address/24}}dbm{/a/file}... .endd +.wen .endlist ilist Consult section &<>& for further details of these patterns. @@ -9861,7 +10016,7 @@ Consult section &<>& for further details of these patterns. .vitem &*match_local_part&~{*&<&'string1'&>&*}{*&<&'string2'&>&*}*& .cindex "domain list" "in expansion condition" .cindex "address list" "in expansion condition" -.cindex "local part list" "in expansion condition" +.cindex "local part" "list, in expansion condition" .cindex "&%match_local_part%& expansion condition" This condition, together with &%match_address%& and &%match_domain%&, make it possible to test domain, address, and local part lists within expansions. Each @@ -9965,7 +10120,7 @@ server_condition = ${if pwcheck{$auth1:$auth2}} .vitem &*queue_running*& .cindex "queue runner" "detecting when delivering from" .cindex "expansion" "queue runner test" -.cindex "&%queue_runnint%& expansion condition" +.cindex "&%queue_running%& expansion condition" This condition, which has no data, is true during delivery attempts that are initiated by queue runner processes, and false otherwise. @@ -10035,7 +10190,7 @@ realm, and how to run the daemon, consult the Cyrus documentation. -.section "Combining expansion conditions" +.section "Combining expansion conditions" "SECID84" .cindex "expansion" "combining conditions" Several conditions can be tested at once by combining them using the &%and%& and &%or%& combination conditions. Note that &%and%& and &%or%& are complete @@ -10073,7 +10228,7 @@ parsed but not evaluated. .section "Expansion variables" "SECTexpvar" -.cindex "expansion variables" "list of" +.cindex "expansion" "variables, list of" This section contains an alphabetical list of all the expansion variables. Some of them are available only when Exim is compiled with specific options such as support for TLS or the content scanning extension. @@ -10081,32 +10236,43 @@ support for TLS or the content scanning extension. .vlist .vitem "&$0$&, &$1$&, etc" .cindex "numerical variables (&$1$& &$2$& etc)" +.new When a &%match%& expansion condition succeeds, these variables contain the captured substrings identified by the regular expression during subsequent -processing of the success string of the containing &%if%& expansion item. They -may also be set externally by some other matching process which precedes the -expansion of the string. For example, the commands available in Exim filter -files include an &%if%& command with its own regular expression matching -condition. - -.vitem "&$acl_c0$& &-- &$acl_c19$&" -Values can be placed in these variables by the &%set%& modifier in an ACL. The -values persist throughout the lifetime of an SMTP connection. They can be used -to pass information between ACLs and between different invocations of the same -ACL. When a message is received, the values of these variables are saved with -the message, and can be accessed by filters, routers, and transports during -subsequent delivery. +processing of the success string of the containing &%if%& expansion item. +However, they do not retain their values afterwards; in fact, their previous +values are restored at the end of processing an &%if%& item. The numerical +variables may also be set externally by some other matching process which +precedes the expansion of the string. For example, the commands available in +Exim filter files include an &%if%& command with its own regular expression +matching condition. +.wen -.vitem "&$acl_m0$& &-- &$acl_m19$&" +.new +.vitem "&$acl_c...$&" Values can be placed in these variables by the &%set%& modifier in an ACL. They -retain their values while a message is being received, but are reset -afterwards. They are also reset by MAIL, RSET, EHLO, HELO, and after starting a -TLS session. When a message is received, the values of these variables are -saved with the message, and can be accessed by filters, routers, and transports +can be given any name that starts with &$acl_c$& and is at least six characters +long, but the sixth character must be either a digit or an underscore. For +example: &$acl_c5$&, &$acl_c_mycount$&. The values of the &$acl_c...$& +variables persist throughout the lifetime of an SMTP connection. They can be +used to pass information between ACLs and between different invocations of the +same ACL. When a message is received, the values of these variables are saved +with the message, and can be accessed by filters, routers, and transports during subsequent delivery. +.vitem "&$acl_m...$&" +These variables are like the &$acl_c...$& variables, except that their values +are reset after a message has been received. Thus, if several messages are +received in one SMTP connection, &$acl_m...$& values are not passed on from one +message to the next, as &$acl_c...$& values are. The &$acl_m...$& variables are +also reset by MAIL, RSET, EHLO, HELO, and after starting a TLS session. When a +message is received, the values of these variables are saved with the message, +and can be accessed by filters, routers, and transports during subsequent +delivery. +.wen + .vitem &$acl_verify_message$& -.cindex "&$acl_verify_message$&" +.vindex "&$acl_verify_message$&" After an address verification has failed, this variable contains the failure message. It retains its value for use in subsequent modifiers. The message can be preserved by coding like this: @@ -10119,7 +10285,7 @@ You can use &$acl_verify_message$& during the expansion of the &%message%& or failure. .vitem &$address_data$& -.cindex "&$address_data$&" +.vindex "&$address_data$&" This variable is set by means of the &%address_data%& option in routers. The value then remains with the address while it is processed by subsequent routers and eventually a transport. If the transport is handling multiple addresses, @@ -10144,7 +10310,7 @@ after the end of the current ACL statement. If you want to preserve these values for longer, you can save them in ACL variables. .vitem &$address_file$& -.cindex "&$address_file$&" +.vindex "&$address_file$&" When, as a result of aliasing, forwarding, or filtering, a message is directed to a specific file, this variable holds the name of the file when the transport is running. At other times, the variable is empty. For example, using the @@ -10153,26 +10319,25 @@ default configuration, if user &%r2d2%& has a &_.forward_& file containing /home/r2d2/savemail .endd then when the &(address_file)& transport is running, &$address_file$& -contains &"/home/r2d2/savemail"&. - +contains the text string &`/home/r2d2/savemail`&. .cindex "Sieve filter" "value of &$address_file$&" For Sieve filters, the value may be &"inbox"& or a relative folder name. It is then up to the transport configuration to generate an appropriate absolute path to the relevant file. .vitem &$address_pipe$& -.cindex "&$address_pipe$&" +.vindex "&$address_pipe$&" When, as a result of aliasing or forwarding, a message is directed to a pipe, this variable holds the pipe command when the transport is running. .vitem "&$auth1$& &-- &$auth3$&" -.cindex "&$auth1$&, &$auth2$&, etc" +.vindex "&$auth1$&, &$auth2$&, etc" These variables are used in SMTP authenticators (see chapters &<>&&--&<>&). Elsewhere, they are empty. .vitem &$authenticated_id$& .cindex "authentication" "id" -.cindex "&$authenticated_id$&" +.vindex "&$authenticated_id$&" When a server successfully authenticates a client it may be configured to preserve some of the authentication information in the variable &$authenticated_id$& (see chapter &<>&). For example, a @@ -10191,7 +10356,7 @@ command line option. .cindex "sender" "authenticated" .cindex "authentication" "sender" .cindex "AUTH" "on MAIL command" -.cindex "&$authenticated_sender$&" +.vindex "&$authenticated_sender$&" When acting as a server, Exim takes note of the AUTH= parameter on an incoming SMTP MAIL command if it believes the sender is sufficiently trusted, as described in section &<>&. Unless the data is the string @@ -10199,7 +10364,7 @@ described in section &<>&. Unless the data is the string available during delivery in the &$authenticated_sender$& variable. If the sender is not trusted, Exim accepts the syntax of AUTH=, but ignores the data. -.cindex "&$qualify_domain$&" +.vindex "&$qualify_domain$&" When a message is submitted locally (that is, not over a TCP connection), the value of &$authenticated_sender$& is an address constructed from the login name of the calling process and &$qualify_domain$&, except that a trusted user @@ -10208,7 +10373,7 @@ can override this by means of the &%-oMas%& command line option. .vitem &$authentication_failed$& .cindex "authentication" "failure" -.cindex "&$authentication_failed$&" +.vindex "&$authentication_failed$&" This variable is set to &"1"& in an Exim server if a client issues an AUTH command that does not succeed. Otherwise it is set to &"0"&. This makes it possible to distinguish between &"did not try to authenticate"& @@ -10221,7 +10386,7 @@ an undefined mechanism. .vitem &$body_linecount$& .cindex "message body" "line count" .cindex "body of message" "line count" -.cindex "&$body_linecount$&" +.vindex "&$body_linecount$&" When a message is being received or delivered, this variable contains the number of lines in the message's body. See also &$message_linecount$&. @@ -10229,25 +10394,25 @@ number of lines in the message's body. See also &$message_linecount$&. .cindex "message body" "binary zero count" .cindex "body of message" "binary zero count" .cindex "binary zero" "in message body" -.cindex "&$body_zerocount$&" +.vindex "&$body_zerocount$&" When a message is being received or delivered, this variable contains the number of binary zero bytes in the message's body. .vitem &$bounce_recipient$& -.cindex "&$bounce_recipient$&" +.vindex "&$bounce_recipient$&" This is set to the recipient address of a bounce message while Exim is creating it. It is useful if a customized bounce message text file is in use (see chapter &<>&). .vitem &$bounce_return_size_limit$& -.cindex "&$bounce_return_size_limit$&" +.vindex "&$bounce_return_size_limit$&" This contains the value set in the &%bounce_return_size_limit%& option, rounded up to a multiple of 1000. It is useful when a customized error message text file is in use (see chapter &<>&). .vitem &$caller_gid$& .cindex "gid (group id)" "caller" -.cindex "&$caller_gid$&" +.vindex "&$caller_gid$&" The real group id under which the process that called Exim was running. This is not the same as the group id of the originator of a message (see &$originator_gid$&). If Exim re-execs itself, this variable in the new @@ -10255,30 +10420,30 @@ incarnation normally contains the Exim gid. .vitem &$caller_uid$& .cindex "uid (user id)" "caller" -.cindex "&$caller_uid$&" +.vindex "&$caller_uid$&" The real user id under which the process that called Exim was running. This is not the same as the user id of the originator of a message (see &$originator_uid$&). If Exim re-execs itself, this variable in the new incarnation normally contains the Exim uid. .vitem &$compile_date$& -.cindex "&$compile_date$&" +.vindex "&$compile_date$&" The date on which the Exim binary was compiled. .vitem &$compile_number$& -.cindex "&$compile_number$&" +.vindex "&$compile_number$&" The building process for Exim keeps a count of the number of times it has been compiled. This serves to distinguish different compilations of the same version of the program. .vitem &$demime_errorlevel$& -.cindex "&$demime_errorlevel$&" +.vindex "&$demime_errorlevel$&" This variable is available when Exim is compiled with the content-scanning extension and the obsolete &%demime%& condition. For details, see section &<>&. .vitem &$demime_reason$& -.cindex "&$demime_reason$&" +.vindex "&$demime_reason$&" This variable is available when Exim is compiled with the content-scanning extension and the obsolete &%demime%& condition. For details, see section &<>&. @@ -10286,30 +10451,28 @@ see section &<>&. .vitem &$dnslist_domain$& .cindex "black list (DNS)" -.cindex "&$dnslist_domain$&" +.vindex "&$dnslist_domain$&" When a client host is found to be on a DNS (black) list, the list's domain name is put into this variable so that it can be included in the rejection message. .vitem &$dnslist_text$& -.cindex "&$dnslist_text$&" +.vindex "&$dnslist_text$&" When a client host is found to be on a DNS (black) list, the contents of any associated TXT record are placed in this variable. .vitem &$dnslist_value$& -.cindex "&$dnslist_value$&" +.vindex "&$dnslist_value$&" When a client host is found to be on a DNS (black) list, the IP address from the resource record is placed in this variable. If there are multiple records, all the addresses are included, comma-space separated. .vitem &$domain$& -.new -.cindex "&$domain$&" +.vindex "&$domain$&" When an address is being routed, or delivered on its own, this variable contains the domain. Uppercase letters in the domain are converted into lower case for &$domain$&. -.wen Global address rewriting happens when a message is received, so the value of &$domain$& during routing and delivery is the value after rewriting. &$domain$& @@ -10361,7 +10524,7 @@ the complete argument of the ETRN command (see section &<>&). .vitem &$domain_data$& -.cindex "&$domain_data$&" +.vindex "&$domain_data$&" When the &%domains%& option on a router matches a domain by means of a lookup, the data read by the lookup is available during the running of the router as &$domain_data$&. In addition, if the driver routes the @@ -10375,19 +10538,19 @@ the rest of the ACL statement. In all other situations, this variable expands to nothing. .vitem &$exim_gid$& -.cindex "&$exim_gid$&" +.vindex "&$exim_gid$&" This variable contains the numerical value of the Exim group id. .vitem &$exim_path$& -.cindex "&$exim_path$&" +.vindex "&$exim_path$&" This variable contains the path to the Exim binary. .vitem &$exim_uid$& -.cindex "&$exim_uid$&" +.vindex "&$exim_uid$&" This variable contains the numerical value of the Exim user id. .vitem &$found_extension$& -.cindex "&$found_extension$&" +.vindex "&$found_extension$&" This variable is available when Exim is compiled with the content-scanning extension and the obsolete &%demime%& condition. For details, see section &<>&. @@ -10399,7 +10562,7 @@ be terminated by colon or white space, because it may contain a wide variety of characters. Note also that braces must &'not'& be used. .vitem &$home$& -.cindex "&$home$&" +.vindex "&$home$&" When the &%check_local_user%& option is set for a router, the user's home directory is placed in &$home$& when the check succeeds. In particular, this means it is set during the running of users' filter files. A router may also @@ -10410,7 +10573,7 @@ When running a filter test via the &%-bf%& option, &$home$& is set to the value of the environment variable HOME. .vitem &$host$& -.cindex "&$host$&" +.vindex "&$host$&" If a router assigns an address to a transport (any transport), and passes a list of hosts with the address, the value of &$host$& when the transport starts to run is the name of the first host on the list. Note that this applies both @@ -10431,13 +10594,13 @@ client is connected. .vitem &$host_address$& -.cindex "&$host_address$&" +.vindex "&$host_address$&" This variable is set to the remote host's IP address whenever &$host$& is set for a remote connection. It is also set to the IP address that is being checked when the &%ignore_target_hosts%& option is being processed. .vitem &$host_data$& -.cindex "&$host_data$&" +.vindex "&$host_data$&" If a &%hosts%& condition in an ACL is satisfied by means of a lookup, the result of the lookup is made available in the &$host_data$& variable. This allows you, for example, to do things like this: @@ -10446,8 +10609,8 @@ deny hosts = net-lsearch;/some/file message = $host_data .endd .vitem &$host_lookup_deferred$& -.cindex "host name lookup" "failure of" -.cindex "&$host_lookup_deferred$&" +.cindex "host name" "lookup, failure of" +.vindex "&$host_lookup_deferred$&" This variable normally contains &"0"&, as does &$host_lookup_failed$&. When a message comes from a remote host and there is an attempt to look up the host's name from its IP address, and the attempt is not successful, one of these @@ -10475,41 +10638,48 @@ the result, the name is not accepted, and &$host_lookup_deferred$& is set to &"1"&. See also &$sender_host_name$&. .vitem &$host_lookup_failed$& -.cindex "&$host_lookup_failed$&" +.vindex "&$host_lookup_failed$&" See &$host_lookup_deferred$&. .vitem &$inode$& -.cindex "&$inode$&" +.vindex "&$inode$&" The only time this variable is set is while expanding the &%directory_file%& option in the &(appendfile)& transport. The variable contains the inode number of the temporary file which is about to be renamed. It can be used to construct a unique name for the file. -.new .vitem &$interface_address$& -.cindex "&$interface_address$&" +.vindex "&$interface_address$&" This is an obsolete name for &$received_ip_address$&. .vitem &$interface_port$& -.cindex "&$interface_port$&" +.vindex "&$interface_port$&" This is an obsolete name for &$received_port$&. + +.new +.vitem &$item$& +.vindex "&$item$&" +This variable is used during the expansion of &*forall*& and &*forany*& +conditions (see section &<>&), and &*filter*&, &*man*&, and +&*reduce*& items (see section &<>&). In other circumstances, it is +empty. .wen .vitem &$ldap_dn$& -.cindex "&$ldap_dn$&" +.vindex "&$ldap_dn$&" This variable, which is available only when Exim is compiled with LDAP support, contains the DN from the last entry in the most recently successful LDAP lookup. .vitem &$load_average$& -.cindex "&$load_average$&" +.vindex "&$load_average$&" This variable contains the system load average, multiplied by 1000 to that it is an integer. For example, if the load average is 0.21, the value of the variable is 210. The value is recomputed every time the variable is referenced. .vitem &$local_part$& -.cindex "&$local_part$&" +.vindex "&$local_part$&" When an address is being routed, or delivered on its own, this variable contains the local part. When a number of addresses are being delivered together (for example, multiple RCPT commands in an SMTP @@ -10521,8 +10691,8 @@ Global address rewriting happens when a message is received, so the value of because a message may have many recipients and the system filter is called just once. -.cindex "&$local_part_prefix$&" -.cindex "&$local_part_suffix$&" +.vindex "&$local_part_prefix$&" +.vindex "&$local_part_suffix$&" If a local part prefix or suffix has been recognized, it is not included in the value of &$local_part$& during routing and subsequent delivery. The values of any prefix or suffix are in &$local_part_prefix$& and @@ -10561,7 +10731,7 @@ to process local parts in a case-dependent manner in a router, you can set the &%caseful_local_part%& option (see chapter &<>&). .vitem &$local_part_data$& -.cindex "&$local_part_data$&" +.vindex "&$local_part_data$&" When the &%local_parts%& option on a router matches a local part by means of a lookup, the data read by the lookup is available during the running of the router as &$local_part_data$&. In addition, if the driver routes the address @@ -10574,28 +10744,28 @@ available during the rest of the ACL statement. In all other situations, this variable expands to nothing. .vitem &$local_part_prefix$& -.cindex "&$local_part_prefix$&" +.vindex "&$local_part_prefix$&" When an address is being routed or delivered, and a specific prefix for the local part was recognized, it is available in this variable, having been removed from &$local_part$&. .vitem &$local_part_suffix$& -.cindex "&$local_part_suffix$&" +.vindex "&$local_part_suffix$&" When an address is being routed or delivered, and a specific suffix for the local part was recognized, it is available in this variable, having been removed from &$local_part$&. .vitem &$local_scan_data$& -.cindex "&$local_scan_data$&" +.vindex "&$local_scan_data$&" This variable contains the text returned by the &[local_scan()]& function when a message is received. See chapter &<>& for more details. .vitem &$local_user_gid$& -.cindex "&$local_user_gid$&" +.vindex "&$local_user_gid$&" See &$local_user_uid$&. .vitem &$local_user_uid$& -.cindex "&$local_user_uid$&" +.vindex "&$local_user_uid$&" This variable and &$local_user_gid$& are set to the uid and gid after the &%check_local_user%& router precondition succeeds. This means that their values are available for the remaining preconditions (&%senders%&, &%require_files%&, @@ -10604,20 +10774,20 @@ router-specific expansions. At all other times, the values in these variables are &`(uid_t)(-1)`& and &`(gid_t)(-1)`&, respectively. .vitem &$localhost_number$& -.cindex "&$localhost_number$&" +.vindex "&$localhost_number$&" This contains the expanded value of the &%localhost_number%& option. The expansion happens after the main options have been read. .vitem &$log_inodes$& -.cindex "&$log_inodes$&" +.vindex "&$log_inodes$&" The number of free inodes in the disk partition where Exim's log files are being written. The value is recalculated whenever the variable is referenced. If the relevant file system does not have the concept of inodes, the value of is -1. See also the &%check_log_inodes%& option. .vitem &$log_space$& -.cindex "&$log_space$&" +.vindex "&$log_space$&" The amount of free space (as a number of kilobytes) in the disk partition where Exim's log files are being written. The value is recalculated whenever the variable is referenced. If the operating system does not have the @@ -10626,7 +10796,7 @@ the space value is -1. See also the &%check_log_space%& option. .vitem &$mailstore_basename$& -.cindex "&$mailstore_basename$&" +.vindex "&$mailstore_basename$&" This variable is set only when doing deliveries in &"mailstore"& format in the &(appendfile)& transport. During the expansion of the &%mailstore_prefix%&, &%mailstore_suffix%&, &%message_prefix%&, and &%message_suffix%& options, it @@ -10635,7 +10805,7 @@ without the &".tmp"&, &".env"&, or &".msg"& suffix. At all other times, this variable is empty. .vitem &$malware_name$& -.cindex "&$malware_name$&" +.vindex "&$malware_name$&" This variable is available when Exim is compiled with the content-scanning extension. It is set to the name of the virus that was found when the ACL &%malware%& condition is true (see section &<>&). @@ -10643,7 +10813,7 @@ when the ACL &%malware%& condition is true (see section &<>&). .vitem &$message_age$& .cindex "message" "age of" -.cindex "&$message_age$&" +.vindex "&$message_age$&" This variable is set at the start of a delivery attempt to contain the number of seconds since the message was received. It does not change during a single delivery attempt. @@ -10652,7 +10822,7 @@ delivery attempt. .cindex "body of message" "expansion variable" .cindex "message body" "in expansion" .cindex "binary zero" "in message body" -.cindex "&$message_body$&" +.vindex "&$message_body$&" This variable contains the initial portion of a message's body while it is being delivered, and is intended mainly for use in filter files. The maximum number of characters of the body that are put into the @@ -10664,7 +10834,7 @@ Binary zeros are also converted into spaces. .vitem &$message_body_end$& .cindex "body of message" "expansion variable" .cindex "message body" "in expansion" -.cindex "&$message_body_end$&" +.vindex "&$message_body_end$&" This variable contains the final portion of a message's body while it is being delivered. The format and maximum size are as for &$message_body$&. @@ -10672,14 +10842,14 @@ body while it is being delivered. The format and maximum size are as for .vitem &$message_body_size$& .cindex "body of message" "size" .cindex "message body" "size" -.cindex "&$message_body_size$&" +.vindex "&$message_body_size$&" When a message is being delivered, this variable contains the size of the body in bytes. The count starts from the character after the blank line that separates the body from the header. Newlines are included in the count. See also &$message_size$&, &$body_linecount$&, and &$body_zerocount$&. .vitem &$message_exim_id$& -.cindex "&$message_exim_id$&" +.vindex "&$message_exim_id$&" When a message is being received or delivered, this variable contains the unique message id that is generated and used by Exim to identify the message. An id is not created for a message until after its header has been successfully @@ -10688,24 +10858,22 @@ line; it is the local id that Exim assigns to the message, for example: &`1BXTIK-0001yO-VA`&. .vitem &$message_headers$& -.new -.cindex &$message_headers$& +.vindex &$message_headers$& This variable contains a concatenation of all the header lines when a message is being processed, except for lines added by routers or transports. The header lines are separated by newline characters. Their contents are decoded in the same way as a header line that is inserted by &%bheader%&. .vitem &$message_headers_raw$& -.cindex &$message_headers_raw$& +.vindex &$message_headers_raw$& This variable is like &$message_headers$& except that no processing of the contents of header lines is done. -.wen .vitem &$message_id$& This is an old name for &$message_exim_id$&, which is now deprecated. .vitem &$message_linecount$& -.cindex "&$message_linecount$&" +.vindex "&$message_linecount$&" This variable contains the total number of lines in the header and body of the message. Compare &$body_linecount$&, which is the count for the body only. During the DATA and content-scanning ACLs, &$message_linecount$& contains the @@ -10718,7 +10886,7 @@ a DATA ACL: .code deny message = Too many lines in message header condition = \ - ${if <{250}{${eval:$message_linecount - $body_linecount}}} + ${if <{250}{${eval:$message_linecount - $body_linecount}}} .endd In the MAIL and RCPT ACLs, the value is zero because at that stage the message has not yet been received. @@ -10726,7 +10894,7 @@ message has not yet been received. .vitem &$message_size$& .cindex "size" "of message" .cindex "message" "size" -.cindex "&$message_size$&" +.vindex "&$message_size$&" When a message is being processed, this variable contains its size in bytes. In most cases, the size includes those headers that were received with the message, but not those (such as &'Envelope-to:'&) that are added to individual @@ -10751,8 +10919,8 @@ These variables are counters that can be incremented by means of the &%add%& command in filter files. .vitem &$original_domain$& -.cindex "&$domain$&" -.cindex "&$original_domain$&" +.vindex "&$domain$&" +.vindex "&$original_domain$&" When a top-level address is being processed for delivery, this contains the same value as &$domain$&. However, if a &"child"& address (for example, generated by an alias, forward, or filter file) is being processed, this @@ -10766,8 +10934,8 @@ filter, it is set up with an artificial &"parent"& address. This has the local part &'system-filter'& and the default qualify domain. .vitem &$original_local_part$& -.cindex "&$local_part$&" -.cindex "&$original_local_part$&" +.vindex "&$local_part$&" +.vindex "&$original_local_part$&" When a top-level address is being processed for delivery, this contains the same value as &$local_part$&, unless a prefix or suffix was removed from the local part, because &$original_local_part$& always contains the full local @@ -10788,8 +10956,8 @@ part &'system-filter'& and the default qualify domain. .vitem &$originator_gid$& .cindex "gid (group id)" "of originating user" .cindex "sender" "gid" -.cindex "&$caller_gid$&" -.cindex "&$originator_gid$&" +.vindex "&$caller_gid$&" +.vindex "&$originator_gid$&" This variable contains the value of &$caller_gid$& that was set when the message was received. For messages received via the command line, this is the gid of the sending user. For messages received by SMTP over TCP/IP, this is @@ -10798,32 +10966,32 @@ normally the gid of the Exim user. .vitem &$originator_uid$& .cindex "uid (user id)" "of originating user" .cindex "sender" "uid" -.cindex "&$caller_uid$&" -.cindex "&$originaltor_uid$&" +.vindex "&$caller_uid$&" +.vindex "&$originaltor_uid$&" The value of &$caller_uid$& that was set when the message was received. For messages received via the command line, this is the uid of the sending user. For messages received by SMTP over TCP/IP, this is normally the uid of the Exim user. .vitem &$parent_domain$& -.cindex "&$parent_domain$&" +.vindex "&$parent_domain$&" This variable is similar to &$original_domain$& (see above), except that it refers to the immediately preceding parent address. .vitem &$parent_local_part$& -.cindex "&$parent_local_part$&" +.vindex "&$parent_local_part$&" This variable is similar to &$original_local_part$& (see above), except that it refers to the immediately preceding parent address. .vitem &$pid$& .cindex "pid (process id)" "of current process" -.cindex "&$pid$&" +.vindex "&$pid$&" This variable contains the current process id. .vitem &$pipe_addresses$& .cindex "filter" "transport filter" .cindex "transport" "filter" -.cindex "&$pipe_addresses$&" +.vindex "&$pipe_addresses$&" This is not an expansion variable, but is mentioned here because the string &`$pipe_addresses`& is handled specially in the command specification for the &(pipe)& transport (chapter &<>&) and in transport filters @@ -10832,7 +11000,7 @@ It cannot be used in general expansion strings, and provokes an &"unknown variable"& error if encountered. .vitem &$primary_hostname$& -.cindex "&$primary_hostname$&" +.vindex "&$primary_hostname$&" This variable contains the value set by &%primary_hostname%& in the configuration file, or read by the &[uname()]& function. If &[uname()]& returns a single-component name, Exim calls &[gethostbyname()]& (or @@ -10856,50 +11024,49 @@ which is described in sections &<>& and &<>&. .vitem &$qualify_domain$& -.cindex "&$qualify_domain$&" +.vindex "&$qualify_domain$&" The value set for the &%qualify_domain%& option in the configuration file. .vitem &$qualify_recipient$& -.cindex "&$qualify_recipient$&" +.vindex "&$qualify_recipient$&" The value set for the &%qualify_recipient%& option in the configuration file, or if not set, the value of &$qualify_domain$&. .vitem &$rcpt_count$& -.cindex "&$rcpt_count$&" +.vindex "&$rcpt_count$&" When a message is being received by SMTP, this variable contains the number of RCPT commands received for the current message. If this variable is used in a RCPT ACL, its value includes the current command. .vitem &$rcpt_defer_count$& -.cindex "&$rcpt_defer_count$&" +.vindex "&$rcpt_defer_count$&" .cindex "4&'xx'& responses" "count of" When a message is being received by SMTP, this variable contains the number of RCPT commands in the current message that have previously been rejected with a temporary (4&'xx'&) response. .vitem &$rcpt_fail_count$& -.cindex "&$rcpt_fail_count$&" +.vindex "&$rcpt_fail_count$&" When a message is being received by SMTP, this variable contains the number of RCPT commands in the current message that have previously been rejected with a permanent (5&'xx'&) response. .vitem &$received_count$& -.cindex "&$received_count$&" +.vindex "&$received_count$&" This variable contains the number of &'Received:'& header lines in the message, including the one added by Exim (so its value is always greater than zero). It is available in the DATA ACL, the non-SMTP ACL, and while routing and delivering. .vitem &$received_for$& -.cindex "&$received_for$&" +.vindex "&$received_for$&" If there is only a single recipient address in an incoming message, this variable contains that address when the &'Received:'& header line is being built. The value is copied after recipient rewriting has happened, but before the &[local_scan()]& function is run. -.new .vitem &$received_ip_address$& -.cindex "&$received_ip_address$&" +.vindex "&$received_ip_address$&" As soon as an Exim server starts processing an incoming TCP/IP connection, this variable is set to the address of the local IP interface, and &$received_port$& is set to the local port number. (The remote IP address and port are in @@ -10919,12 +11086,11 @@ the values are unknown (unless they are explicitly set by options of the &(smtp)& transport). .vitem &$received_port$& -.cindex "&$received_port$&" +.vindex "&$received_port$&" See &$received_ip_address$&. -.wen .vitem &$received_protocol$& -.cindex "&$received_protocol$&" +.vindex "&$received_protocol$&" When a message is being processed, this variable contains the name of the protocol by which it was received. Most of the names used by Exim are defined by RFCs 821, 2821, and 3848. They start with &"smtp"& (the client used HELO) or @@ -10945,12 +11111,12 @@ messages that are injected locally by trusted callers. This is commonly used to identify messages that are being re-injected after some kind of scanning. .vitem &$received_time$& -.cindex "&$received_time$&" +.vindex "&$received_time$&" This variable contains the date and time when the current message was received, as a number of seconds since the start of the Unix epoch. .vitem &$recipient_data$& -.cindex "&$recipient_data$&" +.vindex "&$recipient_data$&" This variable is set after an indexing lookup success in an ACL &%recipients%& condition. It contains the data from the lookup, and the value remains set until the next &%recipients%& test. Thus, you can do things like this: @@ -10964,7 +11130,7 @@ The variable is not set for a lookup that is used as part of the string expansion that all such lists undergo before being interpreted. .vitem &$recipient_verify_failure$& -.cindex "&$recipient_verify_failure$&" +.vindex "&$recipient_verify_failure$&" In an ACL, when a recipient verification fails, this variable contains information about the failure. It is set to one of the following words: @@ -10991,12 +11157,12 @@ The main use of this variable is expected to be to distinguish between rejections of MAIL and rejections of RCPT. .vitem &$recipients$& -.cindex "&$recipients$&" -This variable contains a list of envelope recipients for a -message. A comma and a space separate the addresses in the replacement text. -However, the variable is not generally available, to prevent exposure of Bcc -recipients in unprivileged users' filter files. You can use &$recipients$& only -in these two cases: +.vindex "&$recipients$&" +This variable contains a list of envelope recipients for a message. A comma and +a space separate the addresses in the replacement text. However, the variable +is not generally available, to prevent exposure of Bcc recipients in +unprivileged users' filter files. You can use &$recipients$& only in these +cases: .olist In a system filter file. @@ -11005,11 +11171,15 @@ In the ACLs associated with the DATA command and with non-SMTP messages, that is, the ACLs defined by &%acl_smtp_predata%&, &%acl_smtp_data%&, &%acl_smtp_mime%&, &%acl_not_smtp_start%&, &%acl_not_smtp%&, and &%acl_not_smtp_mime%&. +.next +.new +From within a &[local_scan()]& function. +.wen .endlist .vitem &$recipients_count$& -.cindex "&$recipients_count$&" +.vindex "&$recipients_count$&" When a message is being processed, this variable contains the number of envelope recipients that came with the message. Duplicates are not excluded from the count. While a message is being received over SMTP, the number @@ -11017,13 +11187,13 @@ increases for each accepted recipient. It can be referenced in an ACL. .vitem &$regex_match_string$& -.cindex "&$regex_match_string$&" +.vindex "&$regex_match_string$&" This variable is set to contain the matching regular expression after a &%regex%& ACL condition has matched (see section &<>&). .vitem &$reply_address$& -.cindex "&$reply_address$&" +.vindex "&$reply_address$&" When a message is being processed, this variable contains the contents of the &'Reply-To:'& header line if one exists and it is not empty, or otherwise the contents of the &'From:'& header line. Apart from the removal of leading @@ -11031,7 +11201,7 @@ white space, the value is not processed in any way. In particular, no RFC 2047 decoding or character code translation takes place. .vitem &$return_path$& -.cindex "&$return_path$&" +.vindex "&$return_path$&" When a message is being delivered, this variable contains the return path &-- the sender field that will be sent as part of the envelope. It is not enclosed in <> characters. At the start of routing an address, &$return_path$& has the @@ -11044,12 +11214,12 @@ the incoming envelope sender, and &$return_path$& contains the outgoing envelope sender. .vitem &$return_size_limit$& -.cindex "&$return_size_limit$&" +.vindex "&$return_size_limit$&" This is an obsolete name for &$bounce_return_size_limit$&. .vitem &$runrc$& .cindex "return code" "from &%run%& expansion" -.cindex "&$runrc$&" +.vindex "&$runrc$&" This variable contains the return code from a command that is run by the &%${run...}%& expansion item. &*Warning*&: In a router or transport, you cannot assume the order in which option values are expanded, except for those @@ -11059,7 +11229,7 @@ another. .vitem &$self_hostname$& .cindex "&%self%& option" "value of host name" -.cindex "&$self_hostname$&" +.vindex "&$self_hostname$&" When an address is routed to a supposedly remote host that turns out to be the local host, what happens is controlled by the &%self%& generic router option. One of its values causes the address to be passed to another router. When this @@ -11067,17 +11237,15 @@ happens, &$self_hostname$& is set to the name of the local host that the original router encountered. In other circumstances its contents are null. .vitem &$sender_address$& -.new -.cindex "&$sender_address$&" +.vindex "&$sender_address$&" When a message is being processed, this variable contains the sender's address that was received in the message's envelope. The case of letters in the address is retained, in both the local part and the domain. For bounce messages, the value of this variable is the empty string. See also &$return_path$&. -.wen .vitem &$sender_address_data$& -.cindex "&$address_data$&" -.cindex "&$sender_address_data$&" +.vindex "&$address_data$&" +.vindex "&$sender_address_data$&" If &$address_data$& is set when the routers are called from an ACL to verify a sender address, the final value is preserved in &$sender_address_data$&, to distinguish it from data from a recipient address. The value does not persist @@ -11085,15 +11253,15 @@ after the end of the current ACL statement. If you want to preserve it for longer, you can save it in an ACL variable. .vitem &$sender_address_domain$& -.cindex "&$sender_address_domain$&" +.vindex "&$sender_address_domain$&" The domain portion of &$sender_address$&. .vitem &$sender_address_local_part$& -.cindex "&$sender_address_local_part$&" +.vindex "&$sender_address_local_part$&" The local part portion of &$sender_address$&. .vitem &$sender_data$& -.cindex "&$sender_data$&" +.vindex "&$sender_data$&" This variable is set after a lookup success in an ACL &%senders%& condition or in a router &%senders%& option. It contains the data from the lookup, and the value remains set until the next &%senders%& test. Thus, you can do things like @@ -11108,7 +11276,7 @@ The variable is not set for a lookup that is used as part of the string expansion that all such lists undergo before being interpreted. .vitem &$sender_fullhost$& -.cindex "&$sender_fullhost$&" +.vindex "&$sender_fullhost$&" When a message is received from a remote host, this variable contains the host name and IP address in a single string. It ends with the IP address in square brackets, followed by a colon and a port number if the logging of ports is @@ -11122,31 +11290,31 @@ the argument of a HELO or EHLO command. This is omitted if it is identical to the verified host name or to the host's IP address in square brackets. .vitem &$sender_helo_name$& -.cindex "&$sender_helo_name$&" +.vindex "&$sender_helo_name$&" When a message is received from a remote host that has issued a HELO or EHLO command, the argument of that command is placed in this variable. It is also set if HELO or EHLO is used when a message is received using SMTP locally via the &%-bs%& or &%-bS%& options. .vitem &$sender_host_address$& -.cindex "&$sender_host_address$&" +.vindex "&$sender_host_address$&" When a message is received from a remote host, this variable contains that host's IP address. For locally submitted messages, it is empty. .vitem &$sender_host_authenticated$& -.cindex "&$sender_host_authenticated$&" +.vindex "&$sender_host_authenticated$&" This variable contains the name (not the public name) of the authenticator driver that successfully authenticated the client from which the message was received. It is empty if there was no successful authentication. See also &$authenticated_id$&. .vitem &$sender_host_name$& -.cindex "&$sender_host_name$&" +.vindex "&$sender_host_name$&" When a message is received from a remote host, this variable contains the host's name as obtained by looking up its IP address. For messages received by other means, this variable is empty. -.cindex "&$host_lookup_failed$&" +.vindex "&$host_lookup_failed$&" If the host name has not previously been looked up, a reference to &$sender_host_name$& triggers a lookup (for messages from remote hosts). A looked up name is accepted only if it leads back to the original IP address @@ -11154,7 +11322,7 @@ via a forward lookup. If either the reverse or the forward lookup fails to find any data, or if the forward lookup does not yield the original IP address, &$sender_host_name$& remains empty, and &$host_lookup_failed$& is set to &"1"&. -.cindex "&$host_lookup_deferred$&" +.vindex "&$host_lookup_deferred$&" However, if either of the lookups cannot be completed (for example, there is a DNS timeout), &$host_lookup_deferred$& is set to &"1"&, and &$host_lookup_failed$& remains set to &"0"&. @@ -11197,12 +11365,12 @@ IP address in an EHLO or HELO command. .vitem &$sender_host_port$& -.cindex "&$sender_host_port$&" +.vindex "&$sender_host_port$&" When a message is received from a remote host, this variable contains the port number that was used on the remote host. .vitem &$sender_ident$& -.cindex "&$sender_ident$&" +.vindex "&$sender_ident$&" When a message is received from a remote host, this variable contains the identification received in response to an RFC 1413 request. When a message has been received locally, this variable contains the login name of the user that @@ -11216,7 +11384,7 @@ A number of variables whose names begin &$sender_rate_$& are set as part of the .vitem &$sender_rcvhost$& .cindex "DNS" "reverse lookup" .cindex "reverse DNS lookup" -.cindex "&$sender_rcvhost$&" +.vindex "&$sender_rcvhost$&" This is provided specifically for use in &'Received:'& headers. It starts with either the verified host name (as obtained from a reverse DNS lookup) or, if there is no verified host name, the IP address in square brackets. After that @@ -11233,20 +11401,36 @@ all three items are present in the parentheses, a newline and tab are inserted into the string, to improve the formatting of the &'Received:'& header. .vitem &$sender_verify_failure$& -.cindex "&$sender_verify_failure$&" +.vindex "&$sender_verify_failure$&" In an ACL, when a sender verification fails, this variable contains information about the failure. The details are the same as for &$recipient_verify_failure$&. +.new +.vitem &$sending_ip_address$& +.vindex "&$sending_ip_address$&" +This variable is set whenever an outgoing SMTP connection to another host has +been set up. It contains the IP address of the local interface that is being +used. This is useful if a host that has more than one IP address wants to take +on different personalities depending on which one is being used. For incoming +connections, see &$received_ip_address$&. + +.vitem &$sending_port$& +.vindex "&$sending_port$&" +This variable is set whenever an outgoing SMTP connection to another host has +been set up. It contains the local port that is being used. For incoming +connections, see &$received_port$&. +.wen + .vitem &$smtp_active_hostname$& -.cindex "&$smtp_active_hostname$&" +.vindex "&$smtp_active_hostname$&" During an incoming SMTP session, this variable contains the value of the active host name, as specified by the &%smtp_active_hostname%& option. The value of &$smtp_active_hostname$& is saved with any message that is received, so its value can be consulted during routing and delivery. .vitem &$smtp_command$& -.cindex "&$smtp_command$&" +.vindex "&$smtp_command$&" During the processing of an incoming SMTP command, this variable contains the entire command. This makes it possible to distinguish between HELO and EHLO in the HELO ACL, and also to distinguish between commands such as these: @@ -11260,13 +11444,27 @@ rewriting, whereas the values in &$local_part$& and &$domain$& are taken from the address after SMTP-time rewriting. .vitem &$smtp_command_argument$& -.cindex "SMTP command" "argument for" -.cindex "&$smtp_command_argument$&" +.cindex "SMTP" "command, argument for" +.vindex "&$smtp_command_argument$&" While an ACL is running to check an SMTP command, this variable contains the argument, that is, the text that follows the command name, with leading white space removed. Following the introduction of &$smtp_command$&, this variable is somewhat redundant, but is retained for backwards compatibility. +.new +.vitem &$smtp_count_at_connection_start$& +.vindex "&$smtp_count_at_connection_start$&" +This variable is set greater than zero only in processes spawned by the Exim +daemon for handling incoming SMTP connections. The name is deliberately long, +in order to emphasize what the contents are. When the daemon accepts a new +connection, it increments this variable. A copy of the variable is passed to +the child process that handles the connection, but its value is fixed, and +never changes. It is only an approximation of how many incoming connections +there actually are, because many other connections may come and go while a +single connection is being processed. When a child process terminates, the +daemon decrements its copy of the variable. +.wen + .vitem "&$sn0$& &-- &$sn9$&" These variables are copies of the values of the &$n0$& &-- &$n9$& accumulators that were current at the end of the system filter file. This allows a system @@ -11281,18 +11479,18 @@ is compiled with the content-scanning extension. For details, see section .vitem &$spool_directory$& -.cindex "&$spool_directory$&" +.vindex "&$spool_directory$&" The name of Exim's spool directory. .vitem &$spool_inodes$& -.cindex "&$spool_inodes$&" +.vindex "&$spool_inodes$&" The number of free inodes in the disk partition where Exim's spool files are being written. The value is recalculated whenever the variable is referenced. If the relevant file system does not have the concept of inodes, the value of is -1. See also the &%check_spool_inodes%& option. .vitem &$spool_space$& -.cindex "&$spool_space$&" +.vindex "&$spool_space$&" The amount of free space (as a number of kilobytes) in the disk partition where Exim's spool files are being written. The value is recalculated whenever the variable is referenced. If the operating system does not have the ability to @@ -11306,19 +11504,19 @@ See also the &%check_spool_space%& option. .vitem &$thisaddress$& -.cindex "&$thisaddress$&" +.vindex "&$thisaddress$&" This variable is set only during the processing of the &%foranyaddress%& command in a filter file. Its use is explained in the description of that command, which can be found in the separate document entitled &'Exim's interfaces to mail filtering'&. .vitem &$tls_certificate_verified$& -.cindex "&$tls_certificate_verified$&" +.vindex "&$tls_certificate_verified$&" This variable is set to &"1"& if a TLS certificate was verified when the message was received, and &"0"& otherwise. .vitem &$tls_cipher$& -.cindex "&$tls_cipher$&" +.vindex "&$tls_cipher$&" When a message is received from a remote host over an encrypted SMTP connection, this variable is set to the cipher suite that was negotiated, for example DES-CBC3-SHA. In other circumstances, in particular, for message @@ -11326,65 +11524,66 @@ received over unencrypted connections, the variable is empty. See chapter &<>& for details of TLS support. .vitem &$tls_peerdn$& -.cindex "&$tls_peerdn$&" +.vindex "&$tls_peerdn$&" When a message is received from a remote host over an encrypted SMTP connection, and Exim is configured to request a certificate from the client, the value of the Distinguished Name of the certificate is made available in the &$tls_peerdn$& during subsequent processing. .vitem &$tod_bsdinbox$& -.cindex "&$tod_bsdinbox$&" +.vindex "&$tod_bsdinbox$&" The time of day and the date, in the format required for BSD-style mailbox files, for example: Thu Oct 17 17:14:09 1995. .vitem &$tod_epoch$& -.cindex "&$tod_epoch$&" +.vindex "&$tod_epoch$&" The time and date as a number of seconds since the start of the Unix epoch. .vitem &$tod_full$& -.cindex "&$tod_full$&" +.vindex "&$tod_full$&" A full version of the time and date, for example: Wed, 16 Oct 1995 09:51:40 +0100. The timezone is always given as a numerical offset from UTC, with positive values used for timezones that are ahead (east) of UTC, and negative values for those that are behind (west). .vitem &$tod_log$& -.cindex "&$tod_log$&" +.vindex "&$tod_log$&" The time and date in the format used for writing Exim's log files, for example: 1995-10-12 15:32:29, but without a timezone. .vitem &$tod_logfile$& -.cindex "&$tod_logfile$&" +.vindex "&$tod_logfile$&" This variable contains the date in the format yyyymmdd. This is the format that is used for datestamping log files when &%log_file_path%& contains the &`%D`& flag. .vitem &$tod_zone$& -.cindex "&$tod_zone$&" +.vindex "&$tod_zone$&" This variable contains the numerical value of the local timezone, for example: -0500. .vitem &$tod_zulu$& -.cindex "&$tod_zulu$&" +.vindex "&$tod_zulu$&" This variable contains the UTC date and time in &"Zulu"& format, as specified by ISO 8601, for example: 20030221154023Z. .vitem &$value$& -.cindex "&$value$&" +.vindex "&$value$&" This variable contains the result of an expansion lookup, extraction operation, -or external command, as described above. +or external command, as described above. &new("It is also used during a +&*reduce*& expansion.") .vitem &$version_number$& -.cindex "&$version_number$&" +.vindex "&$version_number$&" The version number of Exim. .vitem &$warn_message_delay$& -.cindex "&$warn_message_delay$&" +.vindex "&$warn_message_delay$&" This variable is set only during the creation of a message warning about a delivery delay. Details of its use are explained in section &<>&. .vitem &$warn_message_recipients$& -.cindex "&$warn_message_recipients$&" +.vindex "&$warn_message_recipients$&" This variable is set only during the creation of a message warning about a delivery delay. Details of its use are explained in section &<>&. .endlist @@ -11408,7 +11607,7 @@ EXIM_PERL = perl.o in your &_Local/Makefile_& and then build Exim in the normal way. -.section "Setting up so Perl can be used" +.section "Setting up so Perl can be used" "SECID85" .cindex "&%perl_startup%&" Access to Perl subroutines is via a global configuration option called &%perl_startup%& and an expansion string operator &%${perl ...}%&. If there is @@ -11447,7 +11646,7 @@ There is also a command line option &%-pd%& (for delay) which suppresses the initial startup, even if &%perl_at_start%& is set. -.section "Calling Perl subroutines" +.section "Calling Perl subroutines" "SECID86" When the configuration file includes a &%perl_startup%& option you can make use of the string expansion item to call the Perl subroutines that are defined by the &%perl_startup%& code. The operator is used in any of the following @@ -11471,7 +11670,7 @@ by obeying Perl's &%die%& function, the expansion fails with the error message that was passed to &%die%&. -.section "Calling Exim functions from Perl" +.section "Calling Exim functions from Perl" "SECID87" Within any Perl code called from Exim, the function &'Exim::expand_string()'& is available to call back into Exim's string expansion function. For example, the Perl code @@ -11496,7 +11695,7 @@ debugging is enabled. If you want a newline at the end, you must supply it. timestamp. In this case, you should not supply a terminating newline. -.section "Use of standard output and error by Perl" +.section "Use of standard output and error by Perl" "SECID88" .cindex "Perl" "standard output and error" You should not write to the standard error or output streams from within your Perl code, as it is not defined how these are set up. In versions of Exim @@ -11574,14 +11773,12 @@ interfaces, or on different ports, and for this reason there are a number of options that can be used to influence Exim's behaviour. The rest of this chapter describes how they operate. -.new When a message is received over TCP/IP, the interface and port that were actually used are set in &$received_ip_address$& and &$received_port$&. -.wen -.section "Starting a listening daemon" +.section "Starting a listening daemon" "SECID89" When a listening daemon is started (by means of the &%-bd%& command line option), the interfaces and ports on which it listens are controlled by the following options: @@ -11636,7 +11833,7 @@ IP addresses in &%local_interfaces%&, only numbers (not names) can be used. -.section "Special IP listening addresses" +.section "Special IP listening addresses" "SECID90" The addresses 0.0.0.0 and ::0 are treated specially. They are interpreted as &"all IPv4 interfaces"& and &"all IPv6 interfaces"&, respectively. In each case, Exim tells the TCP/IP stack to &"listen on all IPv&'x'& interfaces"& @@ -11653,7 +11850,7 @@ Thus, by default, Exim listens on all available interfaces, on the SMTP port. -.section "Overriding local_interfaces and daemon_smtp_ports" +.section "Overriding local_interfaces and daemon_smtp_ports" "SECID91" The &%-oX%& command line option can be used to override the values of &%daemon_smtp_ports%& and/or &%local_interfaces%& for a particular daemon instance. Another way of doing this would be to use macros and the &%-D%& @@ -11707,7 +11904,7 @@ connections via the daemon.) -.section "IPv6 address scopes" +.section "IPv6 address scopes" "SECID92" .cindex "IPv6" "address scopes" IPv6 addresses have &"scopes"&, and a host with multiple hardware interfaces can, in principle, have the same link-local IPv6 address on different @@ -11733,7 +11930,7 @@ instead of &[getaddrinfo()]&. (Before version 4.14, it always used this function.) Of course, this means that the additional functionality of &[getaddrinfo()]& &-- recognizing scoped addresses &-- is lost. -.section "Disabling IPv6" +.section "Disabling IPv6" "SECID93" .cindex "IPv6" "disabling" Sometimes it happens that an Exim binary that was compiled with IPv6 support is run on a host whose kernel does not support IPv6. The binary will fall back to @@ -11754,7 +11951,7 @@ IPv6 addresses in an individual router. -.section "Examples of starting a listening daemon" +.section "Examples of starting a listening daemon" "SECID94" The default case in an IPv6 environment is .code daemon_smtp_ports = smtp @@ -11787,7 +11984,7 @@ local_interfaces = 192.168.34.67 : 192.168.34.67 -.section "Recognising the local host" "SECTreclocipadd" +.section "Recognizing the local host" "SECTreclocipadd" The &%local_interfaces%& option is also used when Exim needs to determine whether or not an IP address refers to the local host. That is, the IP addresses of all the interfaces on which a daemon is listening are always @@ -11827,7 +12024,7 @@ addresses match &%local_interfaces%& or &%extra_local_interfaces%&. -.section "Delivering to a remote host" +.section "Delivering to a remote host" "SECID95" Delivery to a remote host is handled by the smtp transport. By default, it allows the system's TCP/IP functions to choose which interface to use (if there is more than one) when connecting to a remote host. However, the @@ -11868,7 +12065,7 @@ are now so many options, they are first listed briefly in functional groups, as an aid to finding the name of the option you are looking for. Some options are listed in more than one group. -.section "Miscellaneous" +.section "Miscellaneous" "SECID96" .table2 .row &%bi_command%& "to run for &%-bi%& command line option" .row &%disable_ipv6%& "do no IPv6 processing" @@ -11881,7 +12078,7 @@ listed in more than one group. .endtable -.section "Exim parameters" +.section "Exim parameters" "SECID97" .table2 .row &%exim_group%& "override compiled-in value" .row &%exim_path%& "override compiled-in value" @@ -11893,7 +12090,7 @@ listed in more than one group. -.section "Privilege controls" +.section "Privilege controls" "SECID98" .table2 .row &%admin_groups%& "groups that are Exim admin users" .row &%deliver_drop_privilege%& "drop root for delivery processes" @@ -11910,7 +12107,7 @@ listed in more than one group. -.section "Logging" +.section "Logging" "SECID99" .table2 .row &%hosts_connection_nolog%& "exemption from connect logging" .row &%log_file_path%& "override compiled-in value" @@ -11928,7 +12125,7 @@ listed in more than one group. -.section "Frozen messages" +.section "Frozen messages" "SECID100" .table2 .row &%auto_thaw%& "sets time for retrying frozen messages" .row &%freeze_tell%& "send message when freezing" @@ -11938,7 +12135,7 @@ listed in more than one group. -.section "Data lookups" +.section "Data lookups" "SECID101" .table2 .row &%ldap_default_servers%& "used if no server in query" .row &%ldap_version%& "set protocol version" @@ -11951,7 +12148,7 @@ listed in more than one group. -.section "Message ids" +.section "Message ids" "SECID102" .table2 .row &%message_id_header_domain%& "used to build &'Message-ID:'& header" .row &%message_id_header_text%& "ditto" @@ -11959,7 +12156,7 @@ listed in more than one group. -.section "Embedded Perl Startup" +.section "Embedded Perl Startup" "SECID103" .table2 .row &%perl_at_start%& "always start the interpreter" .row &%perl_startup%& "code to obey when starting Perl" @@ -11967,7 +12164,7 @@ listed in more than one group. -.section "Daemon" +.section "Daemon" "SECID104" .table2 .row &%daemon_smtp_ports%& "default ports" .row &%daemon_startup_retries%& "number of times to retry" @@ -11980,7 +12177,7 @@ listed in more than one group. -.section "Resource control" +.section "Resource control" "SECID105" .table2 .row &%check_log_inodes%& "before accepting a message" .row &%check_log_space%& "before accepting a message" @@ -12007,7 +12204,7 @@ listed in more than one group. -.section "Policy controls" +.section "Policy controls" "SECID106" .table2 .row &%acl_not_smtp%& "ACL for non-SMTP messages" .row &%acl_not_smtp_mime%& "ACL for non-SMTP MIME parts" @@ -12051,7 +12248,7 @@ listed in more than one group. -.section "Callout cache" +.section "Callout cache" "SECID107" .table2 .row &%callout_domain_negative_expire%& "timeout for negative domain cache &&& item" @@ -12064,8 +12261,11 @@ listed in more than one group. -.section "TLS" +.section "TLS" "SECID108" .table2 +.row &new(&%gnutls_require_kx%&) "control GnuTLS key exchanges" +.row &new(&%gnutls_require_mac%&) "control GnuTLS MAC algorithms" +.row &new(&%gnutls_require_protocols%&) "control GnuTLS protocols" .row &%tls_advertise_hosts%& "advertise TLS to these hosts" .row &%tls_certificate%& "location of server certificate" .row &%tls_crl%& "certificate revocation list" @@ -12073,7 +12273,7 @@ listed in more than one group. .row &%tls_on_connect_ports%& "specify SSMTP (SMTPS) ports" .row &%tls_privatekey%& "location of server private key" .row &%tls_remember_esmtp%& "don't reset after starting TLS" -.row &%tls_require_ciphers%& "specify acceptable cipers" +.row &%tls_require_ciphers%& "specify acceptable ciphers" .row &%tls_try_verify_hosts%& "try to verify client certificate" .row &%tls_verify_certificates%& "expected client certificates" .row &%tls_verify_hosts%& "insist on client certificate verify" @@ -12081,7 +12281,7 @@ listed in more than one group. -.section "Local user handling" +.section "Local user handling" "SECID109" .table2 .row &%finduser_retries%& "useful in NIS environments" .row &%gecos_name%& "used when creating &'Sender:'&" @@ -12095,7 +12295,7 @@ listed in more than one group. -.section "All incoming messages (SMTP and non-SMTP)" +.section "All incoming messages (SMTP and non-SMTP)" "SECID110" .table2 .row &%header_maxsize%& "total size of message header" .row &%header_line_maxsize%& "individual header line limit" @@ -12104,13 +12304,13 @@ listed in more than one group. .row &%received_header_text%& "expanded to make &'Received:'&" .row &%received_headers_max%& "for mail loop detection" .row &%recipients_max%& "limit per message" -.row &%recipients_max_reject%& "permanently reject excess" +.row &%recipients_max_reject%& "permanently reject excess recipients" .endtable -.section "Non-SMTP incoming messages" +.section "Non-SMTP incoming messages" "SECID111" .table2 .row &%receive_timeout%& "for non-SMTP messages" .endtable @@ -12119,7 +12319,7 @@ listed in more than one group. -.section "Incoming SMTP messages" +.section "Incoming SMTP messages" "SECID112" See also the &'Policy controls'& section above. .table2 @@ -12158,7 +12358,7 @@ See also the &'Policy controls'& section above. -.section "SMTP extensions" +.section "SMTP extensions" "SECID113" .table2 .row &%accept_8bitmime%& "advertise 8BITMIME" .row &%auth_advertise_hosts%& "advertise AUTH to these hosts" @@ -12170,7 +12370,7 @@ See also the &'Policy controls'& section above. -.section "Processing messages" +.section "Processing messages" "SECID114" .table2 .row &%allow_domain_literals%& "recognize domain literal syntax" .row &%allow_mx_to_ip%& "allow MX to point to IP address" @@ -12191,7 +12391,7 @@ See also the &'Policy controls'& section above. -.section "System filter" +.section "System filter" "SECID115" .table2 .row &%system_filter%& "locate system filter" .row &%system_filter_directory_transport%& "transport for delivery to a &&& @@ -12205,7 +12405,7 @@ See also the &'Policy controls'& section above. -.section "Routing and delivery" +.section "Routing and delivery" "SECID116" .table2 .row &%disable_ipv6%& "do no IPv6 processing" .row &%dns_again_means_nonexist%& "for broken domains" @@ -12231,7 +12431,7 @@ See also the &'Policy controls'& section above. -.section "Bounce and warning messages" +.section "Bounce and warning messages" "SECID117" .table2 .row &%bounce_message_file%& "content of bounce" .row &%bounce_message_text%& "content of bounce" @@ -12239,6 +12439,7 @@ See also the &'Policy controls'& section above. .row &%bounce_return_message%& "include original message in bounce" .row &%bounce_return_size_limit%& "limit on returned message" .row &%bounce_sender_authentication%& "send authenticated sender with bounce" +.row &new(&%dsn_from%&) "set &'From:'& contents in bounces" .row &%errors_copy%& "copy bounce messages" .row &%errors_reply_to%& "&'Reply-to:'& in bounces" .row &%delay_warning%& "time schedule" @@ -12296,7 +12497,7 @@ See chapter &<>& for further details. .cindex "DATA" "ACL for" This option defines the ACL that is run after an SMTP DATA command has been processed and the message itself has been received, but before the final -acknowledgement is sent. See chapter &<>& for further details. +acknowledgment is sent. See chapter &<>& for further details. .option acl_smtp_etrn main string&!! unset .cindex "ETRN" "ACL for" @@ -12338,7 +12539,7 @@ received, before the message itself is received. See chapter &<>& for further details. .option acl_smtp_quit main string&!! unset -.cindex "QUIT" "ACL for" +.cindex "QUIT, ACL for" This option defines the ACL that is run when an SMTP QUIT command is received. See chapter &<>& for further details. @@ -12348,7 +12549,7 @@ This option defines the ACL that is run when an SMTP RCPT command is received. See chapter &<>& for further details. .option acl_smtp_starttls main string&!! unset -.cindex "STARTTLS" "ACL for" +.cindex "STARTTLS, ACL for" This option defines the ACL that is run when an SMTP STARTTLS command is received. See chapter &<>& for further details. @@ -12444,7 +12645,7 @@ option is expanded, with a setting like this: .code auth_advertise_hosts = ${if eq{$tls_cipher}{}{}{*}} .endd -.cindex "&$tls_cipher$&" +.vindex "&$tls_cipher$&" If &$tls_cipher$& is empty, the session is not encrypted, and the result of the expansion is empty, thus matching no hosts. Otherwise, the result of the expansion is *, which matches all hosts. @@ -12475,7 +12676,7 @@ before use. See section &<>& for further details. .option bi_command main string unset -.cindex "&%-bi%& option" +.oindex "&%-bi%&" This option supplies the name of a command that is run when Exim is called with the &%-bi%& option (see chapter &<>&). The string value is just the command name, it is not a complete command line. If an argument is @@ -12513,7 +12714,7 @@ bounce messages generated by Exim. See also &%bounce_return_size_limit%& and .option bounce_return_size_limit main integer 100K -.cindex "size limit" "of bounce" +.cindex "size" "of bounce, limit" .cindex "bounce message" "size limit" .cindex "limit" "bounce message size" This option sets a limit in bytes on the size of messages that are returned to @@ -12590,7 +12791,7 @@ See &%check_spool_space%& below. .oindex "&%check_rfc2047_length%&" .cindex "RFC 2047" "disabling length check" -.option check_rfc2047_length " User: main" boolean true +.option check_rfc2047_length main boolean true RFC 2047 defines a way of encoding non-ASCII characters in headers using a system of &"encoded words"&. The RFC specifies a maximum length for an encoded word; strings to be encoded that exceed this length are supposed to use @@ -12606,15 +12807,15 @@ See &%check_spool_space%& below. .option check_spool_space main integer 0 .cindex "checking disk space" -.cindex "disk space" "checking" +.cindex "disk space, checking" .cindex "spool directory" "checking space" The four &%check_...%& options allow for checking of disk resources before a message is accepted. -.cindex "&$log_inodes$&" -.cindex "&$log_space$&" -.cindex "&$spool_inodes$&" -.cindex "&$spool_space$&" +.vindex "&$log_inodes$&" +.vindex "&$log_space$&" +.vindex "&$spool_inodes$&" +.vindex "&$spool_space$&" When any of these options are set, they apply to all incoming messages. If you want to apply different checks to different kinds of message, you can do so by testing the variables &$log_inodes$&, &$log_space$&, &$spool_inodes$&, and @@ -12657,7 +12858,7 @@ listens. See chapter &<>& for details of how it is used. For backward compatibility, &%daemon_smtp_port%& (singular) is a synonym. .option daemon_startup_retries main integer 9 -.cindex "daemon startup" "retrying" +.cindex "daemon startup, retrying" This option, along with &%daemon_startup_sleep%&, controls the retrying done by the daemon at startup when it cannot immediately bind a listening socket (typically because the socket is already in use): &%daemon_startup_retries%& @@ -12669,7 +12870,7 @@ See &%daemon_startup_retries%&. .option delay_warning main "time list" 24h .cindex "warning of delay" -.cindex "delay warning" "specifying" +.cindex "delay warning, specifying" When a message is delayed, Exim sends a warning message to the sender at intervals specified by this option. The data is a colon-separated list of times after which to send warning messages. If the value of the option is an empty @@ -12694,7 +12895,7 @@ delay_warning = 2h:12h:99d .endd .option delay_warning_condition main string&!! "see below" -.cindex "&$domain$&" +.vindex "&$domain$&" The string is expanded at the time a warning message might be sent. If all the deferred addresses have the same domain, it is set in &$domain$& during the expansion. Otherwise &$domain$& is empty. If the result of the expansion is a @@ -12740,6 +12941,22 @@ should not be present in incoming messages, and this option causes them to be removed at the time the message is received, to avoid any problems that might occur when a delivered message is subsequently sent on to some other recipient. +.new +.option disable_fnync main boolean false +.cindex "&[fsync()]&, disabling" +This option is available only if Exim was built with the compile-time option +ENABLE_DISABLE_FSYNC. When this is not set, a reference to &%disable_fsync%& in +a runtime configuration generates an &"unknown option"& error. You should not +build Exim with ENABLE_DISABLE_FSYNC or set &%disable_fsync%& unless you +really, really, really understand what you are doing. &'No pre-compiled +distributions of Exim should ever make this option available.'& + +When &%disable_fsync%& is set true, Exim no longer calls &[fsync()]& to force +updated files' data to be written to disc before continuing. Unexpected events +such as crashes and power outages may cause data to be lost or scrambled. +Here be Dragons. &*Beware.*& +.wen + .option disable_ipv6 main boolean false .cindex "IPv6" "disabling" @@ -12834,6 +13051,19 @@ This is an obsolete option that is now a no-op. It used to affect the way Exim handled CR and LF characters in incoming messages. What happens now is described in section &<>&. +.new +.option dsn_from main "string&!!" "see below" +.cindex "&'From:'& header line" "in bounces" +.cindex "bounce messages" "&'From:'& line, specifying" +This option can be used to vary the contents of &'From:'& header lines in +bounces and other automatically generated messages (&"Delivery Status +Notifications"& &-- hence the name of the option). The default setting is: +.code +dsn_from = Mail Delivery System +.endd +The value is expanded every time it is needed. If the expansion fails, a +panic is logged, and the default value is used. +.wen .option envelope_to_remove main boolean true .cindex "&'Envelope-to:'& header line" @@ -12866,8 +13096,8 @@ errors_copy = spqr@mydomain postmaster@mydomain.example :\ rqps@mydomain hostmaster@mydomain.example,\ postmaster@mydomain.example .endd -.cindex "&$domain$&" -.cindex "&$local_part$&" +.vindex "&$domain$&" +.vindex "&$local_part$&" The address list is expanded before use. The expansion variables &$local_part$& and &$domain$& are set from the original recipient of the error message, and if there was any wildcard matching in the pattern, the expansion @@ -12912,7 +13142,7 @@ security issues. .option exim_path main string "see below" -.cindex "Exim binary" "path name" +.cindex "Exim binary, path name" This option specifies the path name of the Exim binary, which is used when Exim needs to re-exec itself. The default is set up to point to the file &'exim'& in the directory configured at compile time by the BIN_DIRECTORY setting. It @@ -12944,8 +13174,10 @@ routing, but which are not used for listening by the daemon. See section &<>& for details. -.option "extract_addresses_remove_ &~arguments" main boolean true -.cindex "&%-t%& option" +. Allow this long option name to split + +.option "extract_addresses_remove_ &~&~arguments" main boolean true +.oindex "&%-t%&" .cindex "command line" "addresses with &%-t%&" .cindex "Sendmail compatibility" "&%-t%& option" According to some Sendmail documentation (Sun, IRIX, HP-UX), if any addresses @@ -12960,7 +13192,7 @@ addresses. .option finduser_retries main integer 0 -.cindex "NIS" "looking up users; retrying" +.cindex "NIS, retrying user lookups" On systems running NIS or other schemes in which user and group information is distributed from a remote system, there can be times when &[getpwnam()]& and related functions fail, even when given valid data, because things time out. @@ -12995,7 +13227,7 @@ logging that you require. .option gecos_name main string&!! unset .cindex "HP-UX" -.cindex "&""gecos""& field" "parsing" +.cindex "&""gecos""& field, parsing" Some operating systems, notably HP-UX, use the &"gecos"& field in the system password file to hold other information in addition to users' real names. Exim looks up this field for use when it is creating &'Sender:'& or &'From:'& @@ -13022,6 +13254,21 @@ gecos_name = $1 See &%gecos_name%& above. +.new +.option gnutls_require_kx main string unset +This option controls the key exchange mechanisms when GnuTLS is used in an Exim +server. For details, see section &<>&. + +.option gnutls_require_mac main string unset +This option controls the MAC algorithms when GnuTLS is used in an Exim +server. For details, see section &<>&. + +.option gnutls_require_protocols main string unset +This option controls the protocols when GnuTLS is used in an Exim +server. For details, see section &<>&. +.wen + + .option headers_charset main string "see below" This option sets a default character set for translating from encoded MIME &"words"& in header lines, when referenced by an &$h_xxx$& expansion item. The @@ -13088,7 +13335,7 @@ do. .option helo_try_verify_hosts main "host list&!!" unset .cindex "HELO verifying" "optional" -.cindex "EHLO verifying" "optional" +.cindex "EHLO" "verifying, optional" By default, Exim just checks the syntax of HELO and EHLO commands (see &%helo_accept_junk_hosts%& and &%helo_allow_chars%&). However, some sites like to do more extensive checking of the data supplied by these commands. The ACL @@ -13121,7 +13368,7 @@ be detected later in an ACL by the &`verify`& &`=`& &`helo`& condition. .option helo_verify_hosts main "host list&!!" unset .cindex "HELO verifying" "mandatory" -.cindex "EHLO verifying" "mandatory" +.cindex "EHLO" "verifying, mandatory" Like &%helo_try_verify_hosts%&, this option is obsolete, and retained only for backwards compatibility. For hosts that match this option, Exim checks the host name given in the HELO or EHLO in the same way as for @@ -13153,7 +13400,7 @@ retry times, insert a dummy retry rule with a long retry time. .option host_lookup main "host list&!!" unset -.cindex "host name lookup" "forcing" +.cindex "host name" "lookup, forcing" Exim does not look up the name of a calling host from its IP address unless it is required to compare against some host list, or the host matches &%helo_try_verify_hosts%& or &%helo_verify_hosts%&, or the host matches this @@ -13169,8 +13416,8 @@ After a successful reverse lookup, Exim does a forward lookup on the name it has obtained, to verify that it yields the IP address that it started with. If this check fails, Exim behaves as if the name lookup failed. -.cindex "&$host_lookup_failed$&" -.cindex "&$sender_host_name$&" +.vindex "&$host_lookup_failed$&" +.vindex "&$sender_host_name$&" After any kind of failure, the host name (in &$sender_host_name$&) remains unset, and &$host_lookup_failed$& is set to the string &"1"&. See also &%dns_again_means_nonexist%&, &%helo_lookup_domains%&, and &`verify`& &`=`& @@ -13237,7 +13484,7 @@ section &<>&), and when checking the &%hosts%& option in the &(smtp)& transport for the local host (see the &%allow_localhost%& option in that transport). See also &%local_interfaces%&, &%extra_local_interfaces%&, and chapter &<>&, which contains a discussion about local network -interfaces and recognising the local host. +interfaces and recognizing the local host. .option ignore_bounce_errors_after main time 10w @@ -13297,7 +13544,7 @@ with LDAP support. .option ldap_version main integer unset -.cindex "LDAP protocol version" "forcing" +.cindex "LDAP" "protocol version, forcing" This option can be used to force Exim to set a specific protocol version for LDAP. If it option is unset, it is shown by the &%-bP%& command line option as -1. When this is the case, the default is 3 if LDAP_VERSION3 is defined in @@ -13405,7 +13652,7 @@ See also the ACL modifier &`control = suppress_local_fixups`&. Section .option localhost_number main string&!! unset .cindex "host" "locally unique number for" .cindex "message ids" "with multiple hosts" -.cindex "&$localhost_number$&" +.vindex "&$localhost_number$&" Exim's message ids are normally unique only within the local host. If uniqueness among a set of hosts is required, each host must set a different value for the &%localhost_number%& option. The string is expanded immediately @@ -13450,8 +13697,8 @@ logging, in section &<>&. .option log_timezone main boolean false .cindex "log" "timezone for entries" -.cindex "&$tod_log$&" -.cindex "&$tod_zone$&" +.vindex "&$tod_log$&" +.vindex "&$tod_zone$&" By default, the timestamps on log lines are in local time without the timezone. This means that if your timezone changes twice a year, the timestamps in log lines are ambiguous for an hour when the clocks go back. One way of @@ -13465,7 +13712,7 @@ another variable called &$tod_zone$& that contains just the timezone offset. .option lookup_open_max main integer 25 .cindex "too many open files" -.cindex "open files" "too many" +.cindex "open files, too many" .cindex "file" "too many open" .cindex "lookup" "maximum open files" .cindex "limit" "open files for lookups" @@ -13481,7 +13728,7 @@ open files"& errors with NDBM, you need to reduce the value of .option max_username_length main integer 0 -.cindex "length" "of login name" +.cindex "length of login name" .cindex "user name" "maximum length" .cindex "limit" "user name length" Some operating systems are broken in that they truncate long arguments to @@ -13494,8 +13741,8 @@ an argument that is longer behaves as if &[getpwnam()]& failed. .option message_body_visible main integer 500 .cindex "body of message" "visible size" .cindex "message body" "visible size" -.cindex "&$message_body$&" -.cindex "&$message_body_end$&" +.vindex "&$message_body$&" +.vindex "&$message_body_end$&" This option specifies how much of a message's body is to be included in the &$message_body$& and &$message_body_end$& expansion variables. @@ -13527,7 +13774,7 @@ colons will become hyphens. .option message_logs main boolean true -.cindex "message log" "disabling" +.cindex "message logs" "disabling" .cindex "log" "message log; disabling" If this option is turned off, per-message log files are not created in the &_msglog_& spool sub-directory. This reduces the amount of disk I/O required by @@ -13540,12 +13787,12 @@ which is not affected by this option. .option message_size_limit main string&!! 50M .cindex "message" "size limit" .cindex "limit" "message size" -.cindex "size of message" "limit" +.cindex "size" "of message, limit" This option limits the maximum size of message that Exim will process. The value is expanded for each incoming connection so, for example, it can be made to depend on the IP address of the remote host for messages arriving via -TCP/IP. &new("After expansion, the value must be a sequence of decimal digits, -optionally followed by K or M.") +TCP/IP. After expansion, the value must be a sequence of decimal digits, +optionally followed by K or M. &*Note*&: This limit cannot be made to depend on a message's sender or any other properties of an individual message, because it has to be advertised in @@ -13660,7 +13907,7 @@ PostgreSQL support. .option pid_file_path main string&!! "set at compile time" .cindex "daemon" "pid file path" -.cindex "pid file" "path for" +.cindex "pid file, path for" This option sets the name of the file to which the Exim daemon writes its process id. The string is expanded, so it can contain, for example, references to the host name: @@ -13675,14 +13922,14 @@ of the &%-oX%& option, unless a path is explicitly supplied by &%-oP%&. .option pipelining_advertise_hosts main "host list&!!" * -.cindex "PIPELINING advertising" "suppressing" +.cindex "PIPELINING" "suppressing advertising" This option can be used to suppress the advertisement of the SMTP -PIPELINING extension to specific hosts. When PIPELINING is not -advertised and &%smtp_enforce_sync%& is true, an Exim server enforces strict -synchronization for each SMTP command and response. -When PIPELINING is advertised, Exim assumes that clients will use it; &"out -of order"& commands that are &"expected"& do not count as protocol errors (see -&%smtp_max_synprot_errors%&). +PIPELINING extension to specific hosts. &new("See also the &*no_pipelining*& +control in section &<>&.") When PIPELINING is not advertised and +&%smtp_enforce_sync%& is true, an Exim server enforces strict synchronization +for each SMTP command and response. When PIPELINING is advertised, Exim assumes +that clients will use it; &"out of order"& commands that are &"expected"& do +not count as protocol errors (see &%smtp_max_synprot_errors%&). .option preserve_message_logs main boolean false @@ -13698,7 +13945,7 @@ volume of mail. Use with care! .cindex "name" "of local host" .cindex "host" "name of local" .cindex "local host" "name of" -.cindex "&$primary_hostname$&" +.vindex "&$primary_hostname$&" This specifies the name of the current host. It is used in the default EHLO or HELO command for outgoing SMTP messages (changeable via the &%helo_data%& option in the &(smtp)& transport), and as the default for &%qualify_domain%&. @@ -13744,9 +13991,9 @@ different spool directories. .option prod_requires_admin main boolean true -.cindex "&%-M%& option" -.cindex "&%-R%& option" -.cindex "&%-q%& option" +.oindex "&%-M%&" +.oindex "&%-R%&" +.oindex "&%-q%&" The &%-M%&, &%-R%&, and &%-q%& command-line options require the caller to be an admin user unless &%prod_requires_admin%& is set false. See also &%queue_list_requires_admin%&. @@ -13788,7 +14035,7 @@ next queue run. See also &%hold_domains%& and &%queue_smtp_domains%&. .option queue_list_requires_admin main boolean true -.cindex "&%-bp%& option" +.oindex "&%-bp%&" The &%-bp%& command-line option, which lists the messages that are on the queue, requires the caller to be an admin user unless &%queue_list_requires_admin%& is set false. See also &%prod_requires_admin%&. @@ -13814,7 +14061,7 @@ and &%-odi%& command line options override &%queue_only%& unless This option can be set to a colon-separated list of absolute path names, each one optionally preceded by &"smtp"&. When Exim is receiving a message, it tests for the existence of each listed path using a call to &[stat()]&. For -each path that exists, the corresponding queuing option is set. +each path that exists, the corresponding queueing option is set. For paths with no prefix, &%queue_only%& is set; for paths prefixed by &"smtp"&, &%queue_smtp_domains%& is set to match all domains. So, for example, .code @@ -14028,7 +14275,7 @@ then take place at once is &%queue_run_max%& multiplied by If it is purely remote deliveries you want to control, use &%queue_smtp_domains%& instead of &%queue_only%&. This has the added benefit of -doing the SMTP routing before queuing, so that several messages for the same +doing the SMTP routing before queueing, so that several messages for the same host will eventually get delivered down the same connection. @@ -14108,7 +14355,7 @@ using TCP/IP), and the &%-bnq%& option was not set. This option controls the setting of the SO_KEEPALIVE option on incoming TCP/IP socket connections. When set, it causes the kernel to probe idle connections periodically, by sending packets with &"old"& sequence numbers. The -other end of the connection should send an acknowledgement if the connection is +other end of the connection should send an acknowledgment if the connection is still okay or a reset if the connection has been aborted. The reason for doing this is that it has the beneficial effect of freeing up certain types of connection that can get stuck when the remote host is disconnected without @@ -14126,8 +14373,14 @@ that Exim will accept. It applies only to the listening daemon; there is no control (in Exim) when incoming SMTP is being handled by &'inetd'&. If the value is set to zero, no limit is applied. However, it is required to be non-zero if either &%smtp_accept_max_per_host%& or &%smtp_accept_queue%& is -set. See also &%smtp_accept_reserve%&. +set. See also &%smtp_accept_reserve%& and &%smtp_load_reserve%&. +.new +A new SMTP connection is immediately rejected if the &%smtp_accept_max%& limit +has been reached. If not, Exim first checks &%smtp_accept_max_per_host%&. If +that limit has not been reached for the client host, &%smtp_accept_reserve%& +and &%smtp_load_reserve%& are then checked before accepting the connection. +.wen .option smtp_accept_max_nonmail main integer 10 @@ -14141,7 +14394,7 @@ client host matches &%smtp_accept_max_nonmail_hosts%&. When a new message is expected, one occurrence of RSET is not counted. This allows a client to send one RSET between messages (this is not necessary, -but some clients do it). Exim also allows one uncounted occurence of HELO +but some clients do it). Exim also allows one uncounted occurrence of HELO or EHLO, and one occurrence of STARTTLS between messages. After starting up a TLS session, another EHLO is expected, and so it too is not counted. The first occurrence of AUTH in a connection, or immediately @@ -14156,9 +14409,10 @@ changing the value, you can exclude any badly-behaved hosts that you have to live with. +. Allow this long option to split -.option smtp_accept_max_per_connection main integer 1000 -.cindex "SMTP incoming message count" "limiting" +.option "smtp_accept_max_per_ &~&~connection" main integer 1000 +.cindex "SMTP" "limiting incoming message count" .cindex "limit" "messages per SMTP connection" The value of this option limits the number of MAIL commands that Exim is prepared to accept over a single SMTP connection, whether or not each command @@ -14171,13 +14425,16 @@ seen). .option smtp_accept_max_per_host main string&!! unset .cindex "limit" "SMTP connections from one host" .cindex "host" "limiting SMTP connections from" +.new This option restricts the number of simultaneous IP connections from a single host (strictly, from a single IP address) to the Exim daemon. The option is expanded, to enable different limits to be applied to different hosts by reference to &$sender_host_address$&. Once the limit is reached, additional -connection attempts from the same host are rejected with error code 421. The -default value of zero imposes no limit. If this option is set, it is required -that &%smtp_accept_max%& be non-zero. +connection attempts from the same host are rejected with error code 421. This +is entirely independent of &%smtp_accept_reserve%&. The option's default value +of zero imposes no limit. If this option is set greater than zero, it is +required that &%smtp_accept_max%& be non-zero. +.wen &*Warning*&: When setting this option you should not use any expansion constructions that take an appreciable amount of time. The expansion and test @@ -14201,7 +14458,9 @@ no limit, and clearly any non-zero value is useful only if it is less than the command line options. -.option smtp_accept_queue_per_connection main integer 10 +. Allow this long option name to split + +.option "smtp_accept_queue_per_ &~&~connection" main integer 10 .cindex "queueing incoming messages" .cindex "message" "queueing by message count" This option limits the number of delivery processes that Exim starts @@ -14223,27 +14482,28 @@ number of SMTP connections that are reserved for connections from the hosts that are specified in &%smtp_reserve_hosts%&. The value set in &%smtp_accept_max%& includes this reserve pool. The specified hosts are not restricted to this number of connections; the option specifies a minimum number -of connection slots for them, not a maximum. It is a guarantee that that group +of connection slots for them, not a maximum. It is a guarantee that this group of hosts can always get at least &%smtp_accept_reserve%& connections. +&new("However, the limit specified by &%smtp_accept_max_per_host%& is still +applied to each individual host.") For example, if &%smtp_accept_max%& is set to 50 and &%smtp_accept_reserve%& is set to 5, once there are 45 active connections (from any hosts), new -connections are accepted only from hosts listed in &%smtp_reserve_hosts%&. -See also &%smtp_accept_max_per_host%&. +connections are accepted only from hosts listed in &%smtp_reserve_hosts%&, +&new("provided the other criteria for acceptance are met.") .option smtp_active_hostname main string&!! unset -.new .cindex "host" "name in SMTP responses" .cindex "SMTP" "host name in responses" -.cindex "&$primary_hostname$&" +.vindex "&$primary_hostname$&" This option is provided for multi-homed servers that want to masquerade as several different hosts. At the start of an incoming SMTP connection, its value is expanded and used instead of the value of &$primary_hostname$& in SMTP responses. For example, it is used as domain name in the response to an incoming HELO or EHLO command. -.cindex "&$smtp_active_hostname$&" +.vindex "&$smtp_active_hostname$&" The active hostname is placed in the &$smtp_active_hostname$& variable, which is saved with any messages that are received. It is therefore available for use in routers and transports when the message is later delivered. @@ -14263,7 +14523,6 @@ Although &$smtp_active_hostname$& is primarily concerned with incoming messages, it is also used as the default for HELO commands in callout verification if there is no remote transport from which to obtain a &%helo_data%& value. -.wen .option smtp_banner main string&!! "see below" .cindex "SMTP" "welcome banner" @@ -14285,7 +14544,7 @@ multiline response). .option smtp_check_spool_space main boolean true .cindex "checking disk space" -.cindex "disk space" "checking" +.cindex "disk space, checking" .cindex "spool directory" "checking space" When this option is set, if an incoming SMTP session encounters the SIZE option on a MAIL command, it checks that there is enough space in the @@ -14333,7 +14592,7 @@ hosts), you can do so by an appropriate use of a &%control%& modifier in an ACL .option smtp_etrn_command main string&!! unset .cindex "ETRN" "command to be run" -.cindex "&$domain$&" +.vindex "&$domain$&" If this option is set, the given command is run whenever an SMTP ETRN command is received from a host that is permitted to issue such commands (see chapter &<>&). The string is split up into separate arguments which @@ -14458,7 +14717,7 @@ See &%smtp_ratelimit_hosts%& above. .option smtp_receive_timeout main time 5m .cindex "timeout" "for SMTP input" -.cindex "SMTP timeout" "input" +.cindex "SMTP" "input timeout" This sets a timeout value for SMTP reception. It applies to all forms of SMTP input, including batch SMTP. If a line of input (either an SMTP command or a data line) is not received within this time, the SMTP connection is dropped and @@ -14472,7 +14731,7 @@ The former means that Exim was expecting to read an SMTP command; the latter means that it was in the DATA phase, reading the contents of a message. -.cindex "&%-os%& option" +.oindex "&%-os%&" The value set by this option can be overridden by the &%-os%& command-line option. A setting of zero time disables the timeout, but this should never be used for SMTP over TCP/IP. (It can be useful in some cases @@ -14487,11 +14746,11 @@ This option defines hosts for which SMTP connections are reserved; see .option smtp_return_error_details main boolean false .cindex "SMTP" "details policy failures" -.cindex "policy control rejection" "returning details" +.cindex "policy control" "rejection, returning details" In the default state, Exim uses bland messages such as &"Administrative prohibition"& when it rejects SMTP commands for policy reasons. Many sysadmins like this because it gives away little information -to spammers. However, some other syadmins who are applying strict checking +to spammers. However, some other sysadmins who are applying strict checking policies want to give out much fuller information about failures. Setting &%smtp_return_error_details%& true causes Exim to be more forthcoming. For example, instead of &"Administrative prohibition"&, it might give: @@ -14514,7 +14773,7 @@ See section &<>& for more details. .option split_spool_directory main boolean false .cindex "multiple spool directories" .cindex "spool directory" "split" -.cindex "directories" "multiple" +.cindex "directories, multiple" If this option is set, it causes Exim to split its input directory into 62 subdirectories, each with a single alphanumeric character as its name. The sixth character of the message id is used to allocate messages to @@ -14562,21 +14821,19 @@ By using this option to override the compiled-in path, it is possible to run tests of Exim without using the standard spool. .option sqlite_lock_timeout main time 5s -.cindex "sqlite" "lock timeout" +.cindex "sqlite lookup type" "lock timeout" This option controls the timeout that the &(sqlite)& lookup uses when trying to access an SQLite database. See section &<>& for more details. -.new .option strict_acl_vars main boolean false -.cindex "ACL variables" "handling unset" +.cindex "&ACL;" "variables, handling unset" This option controls what happens if a syntactically valid but undefined ACL variable is referenced. If it is false (the default), an empty string is substituted; if it is true, an error is generated. See section &<>& for details of ACL variables. -.wen .option strip_excess_angle_brackets main boolean false -.cindex "angle brackets" "excess" +.cindex "angle brackets, excess" If this option is set, redundant pairs of angle brackets round &"route-addr"& items in addresses are stripped. For example, &'<>'& is treated as &''&. If this is in the envelope and the message is @@ -14648,7 +14905,7 @@ which transports are to be used. Details of this facility are given in chapter .option system_filter_directory_transport main string&!! unset -.cindex "&$address_file$&" +.vindex "&$address_file$&" This sets the name of the transport driver that is to be used when the &%save%& command in a system message filter specifies a path ending in &"/"&, implying delivery of each message into a separate file in some directory. @@ -14669,7 +14926,7 @@ with the user. The value may be numerical or symbolic. .option system_filter_pipe_transport main string&!! unset .cindex "&(pipe)& transport" "for system filter" -.cindex "&$address_pipe$&" +.vindex "&$address_pipe$&" This specifies the transport driver that is to be used when a &%pipe%& command is used in a system filter. During the delivery, the variable &$address_pipe$& contains the pipe command. @@ -14722,15 +14979,13 @@ sender, in a similar manner to cancellation by the &%-Mg%& command line option. If you want to timeout frozen bounce messages earlier than other kinds of frozen message, see &%ignore_bounce_errors_after%&. -.new &*Note:*& the default value of zero means no timeouts; with this setting, frozen messages remain on the queue forever (except for any frozen bounce messages that are released by &%ignore_bounce_errors_after%&). -.wen .option timezone main string unset -.cindex "timezone" "setting" +.cindex "timezone, setting" The value of &%timezone%& is used to set the environment variable TZ while running Exim (if it is different on entry). This ensures that all timestamps created by Exim are in the required timezone. If you want all your timestamps @@ -14758,7 +15013,7 @@ chapter &<>& for details of Exim's support for TLS. .option tls_certificate main string&!! unset .cindex "TLS" "server certificate; location of" -.cindex "certificate for server" "location of" +.cindex "certificate" "server, location of" The value of this option is expanded, and must then be the absolute path to a file which contains the server's certificates. The server's private key is also assumed to be in this file if &%tls_privatekey%& is unset. See chapter @@ -14868,8 +15123,8 @@ certificates. .option trusted_groups main "string list&!!" unset -.cindex "trusted group" -.cindex "group" "trusted" +.cindex "trusted groups" +.cindex "groups" "trusted" This option is expanded just once, at the start of Exim's processing. If this option is set, any process that is running in one of the listed groups, or which has one of them as a supplementary group, is trusted. The groups can be @@ -14879,7 +15134,7 @@ details of what trusted callers are permitted to do. If neither are trusted. .option trusted_users main "string list&!!" unset -.cindex "trusted user" +.cindex "trusted users" .cindex "user" "trusted" This option is expanded just once, at the start of Exim's processing. If this option is set, any process that is running as one of the listed users is @@ -14890,7 +15145,7 @@ Exim user are trusted. .option unknown_login main string&!! unset .cindex "uid (user id)" "unknown caller" -.cindex "&$caller_uid$&" +.vindex "&$caller_uid$&" This is a specialized feature for use in unusual configurations. By default, if the uid of the caller of Exim cannot be looked up using &[getpwuid()]&, Exim gives up. The &%unknown_login%& option can be used to set a login name to be @@ -14903,9 +15158,9 @@ is used for the user's real name (gecos field), unless this has been set by the See &%unknown_login%&. .option untrusted_set_sender main "address list&!!" unset -.cindex "trusted user" +.cindex "trusted users" .cindex "sender" "setting by untrusted user" -.cindex "untrusted user" "setting sender" +.cindex "untrusted user setting sender" .cindex "user" "untrusted setting sender" .cindex "envelope sender" When an untrusted user submits a message to Exim using the standard input, Exim @@ -14919,7 +15174,7 @@ to declare that a message should never generate any bounces. For example: .code exim -f '<>' user@domain.example .endd -.cindex "&$sender_ident$&" +.vindex "&$sender_ident$&" The &%untrusted_set_sender%& option allows you to permit untrusted users to set other envelope sender addresses in a controlled way. When it is set, untrusted users are allowed to set envelope sender addresses that match any of the @@ -15027,7 +15282,7 @@ router declines, the value of &%address_data%& remains unchanged, and the &%more%& option controls what happens next. Other expansion failures cause delivery of the address to be deferred. -.cindex "&$address_data$&" +.vindex "&$address_data$&" When the expansion succeeds, the value is retained with the address, and can be accessed using the variable &$address_data$& in the current router, subsequent routers, and the eventual transport. @@ -15060,8 +15315,8 @@ lookups (though Exim does cache lookups). The &%address_data%& facility is also useful as a means of passing information from one router to another, and from a router to a transport. In addition, if -.cindex "&$sender_address_data$&" -.cindex "&$address_data$&" +.vindex "&$sender_address_data$&" +.vindex "&$address_data$&" When &$address_data$& is set by a router when verifying a recipient address from an ACL, it remains available for use in the rest of the ACL statement. After verifying a sender, the value is transferred to &$sender_address_data$&. @@ -15070,7 +15325,7 @@ After verifying a sender, the value is transferred to &$sender_address_data$&. .option address_test routers&!? boolean true -.cindex "&%-bt%& option" +.oindex "&%-bt%&" .cindex "router" "skipping when address testing" If this option is set false, the router is skipped when routing is being tested by means of the &%-bt%& command line option. This can be a convenience when @@ -15116,9 +15371,9 @@ part lists (for example, &%local_parts%&), case-sensitive matching can be turned on by &"+caseful"& as a list item. See section &<>& for more details. -.cindex "&$local_part$&" -.cindex "&$original_local_part$&" -.cindex "&$parent_local_part$&" +.vindex "&$local_part$&" +.vindex "&$original_local_part$&" +.vindex "&$parent_local_part$&" The value of the &$local_part$& variable is forced to lower case while a router is running unless &%caseful_local_part%& is set. When a router assigns an address to a transport, the value of &$local_part$& when the transport runs @@ -15134,10 +15389,10 @@ modifier that can be used to specify case-sensitive processing within the ACL .option check_local_user routers&!? boolean false -.cindex "local user" "checking in router" +.cindex "local user, checking in router" .cindex "router" "checking for local user" .cindex "&_/etc/passwd_&" -.cindex "&$home$&" +.vindex "&$home$&" When this option is true, Exim checks that the local part of the recipient address (with affixes removed if relevant) is the name of an account on the local system. The check is done by calling the &[getpwnam()]& function rather @@ -15215,7 +15470,7 @@ transport option of the same name. .option domains routers&!? "domain list&!!" unset .cindex "router" "restricting to specific domains" -.cindex "&$domain_data$&" +.vindex "&$domain_data$&" If this option is set, the router is skipped unless the current domain matches the list. If the match is achieved by means of a file lookup, the data that the lookup returned for the domain is placed in &$domain_data$& for use in string @@ -15265,7 +15520,7 @@ no longer gives rise to a bounce message; the error is discarded. If the address is delivered to a remote host, the return path is set to &`<>`&, unless overridden by the &%return_path%& option on the transport. -.cindex "&$address_data$&" +.vindex "&$address_data$&" If for some reason you want to discard local errors, but use a non-empty MAIL command for remote delivery, you can preserve the original return path in &$address_data$& in the router, and reinstate it in the transport by @@ -15433,7 +15688,7 @@ addresses. Because, like all host lists, the value of &%ignore_target_hosts%& is expanded before use as a list, it is possible to make it dependent on the domain that is being routed. -.cindex "&$host_address$&" +.vindex "&$host_address$&" During its expansion, &$host_address$& is set to the IP address that is being checked. @@ -15452,7 +15707,7 @@ and &%user%& and the discussion in chapter &<>&. .option local_part_prefix routers&!? "string list" unset .cindex "router" "prefix for local part" -.cindex "prefix" "for local part; used in router" +.cindex "prefix" "for local part, used in router" If this option is set, the router is skipped unless the local part starts with one of the given strings, or &%local_part_prefix_optional%& is true. See section &<>& for a list of the order in which preconditions are @@ -15468,8 +15723,8 @@ some character that does not occur in normal local parts. Wildcarding can be used to set up multiple user mailboxes, as described in section &<>&. -.cindex "&$local_part$&" -.cindex "&$local_part_prefix$&" +.vindex "&$local_part$&" +.vindex "&$local_part_prefix$&" During the testing of the &%local_parts%& option, and while the router is running, the prefix is removed from the local part, and is available in the expansion variable &$local_part_prefix$&. When a message is being delivered, if @@ -15536,7 +15791,7 @@ example: .code local_parts = dbm;/usr/local/specials/$domain .endd -.cindex "&$local_part_data$&" +.vindex "&$local_part_data$&" If the match is achieved by a lookup, the data that the lookup returned for the local part is placed in the variable &$local_part_data$& for use in expansions of the router's private options. You might use this option, for @@ -15737,7 +15992,7 @@ independently; this setting does not become attached to them. .option router_home_directory routers string&!! unset .cindex "router" "home directory for" .cindex "home directory" "for router" -.cindex "&$home$&" +.vindex "&$home$&" This option sets a home directory for use while the router is running. (Compare &%transport_home_directory%&, which sets a home directory for later transporting.) In particular, if used on a &(redirect)& router, this option @@ -15810,7 +16065,7 @@ rewritten. .vitem &%pass%& .cindex "&%more%& option" -.cindex "&$self_hostname$&" +.vindex "&$self_hostname$&" The router passes the address to the next router, or to the router named in the &%pass_router%& option if it is set. This overrides &%no_more%&. During subsequent routing and delivery, the variable &$self_hostname$& contains the @@ -15868,7 +16123,7 @@ is inadequate or broken. Because this is an extremely uncommon requirement, the code to support this option is not included in the Exim binary unless SUPPORT_TRANSLATE_IP_ADDRESS=yes is set in &_Local/Makefile_&. -.cindex "&$host_address$&" +.vindex "&$host_address$&" The &%translate_ip_address%& string is expanded for every IP address generated by the router, with the generated address set in &$host_address$&. If the expansion is forced to fail, no action is taken. @@ -15936,7 +16191,7 @@ logged, and delivery is deferred. If the transport does not specify a home directory, and &%transport_home_directory%& is not set for the router, the home directory for -the tranport is taken from the password data if &%check_local_user%& is set for +the transport is taken from the password data if &%check_local_user%& is set for the router. Otherwise it is taken from &%router_home_directory%& if that option is set; if not, no home directory is set for the transport. @@ -16005,7 +16260,7 @@ Setting this option has the effect of setting &%verify_sender%& and .option verify_only routers&!? boolean false .cindex "EXPN" "with &%verify_only%&" -.cindex "&%-bv%& option" +.oindex "&%-bv%&" .cindex "router" "used only when verifying" If this option is set, the router is used only when verifying an address or testing with the &%-bv%& option, not when actually doing a delivery, testing @@ -16043,7 +16298,7 @@ are evaluated. . //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// . //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// -.chapter "The accept router" +.chapter "The accept router" "CHID4" .cindex "&(accept)& router" .cindex "routers" "&(accept)&" The &(accept)& router has no private options of its own. Unless it is being @@ -16124,7 +16379,7 @@ case routing fails. -.section "Private options for dnslookup" +.section "Private options for dnslookup" "SECID118" .cindex "options" "&(dnslookup)& router" The private options for the &(dnslookup)& router are as follows: @@ -16178,7 +16433,7 @@ when there is a DNS lookup error. .cindex "MX record" "required to exist" .cindex "SRV record" "required to exist" A domain that matches &%mx_domains%& is required to have either an MX or an SRV -record in order to be recognised. (The name of this option could be improved.) +record in order to be recognized. (The name of this option could be improved.) For example, if all the mail hosts in &'fict.example'& are known to have MX records, except for those in &'discworld.fict.example'&, you could use this setting: @@ -16305,7 +16560,7 @@ the DNS resolver. &%widen_domains%& is not applied to sender addresses when verifying, unless &%rewrite_headers%& is false (not the default). -.section "Effect of qualify_single and search_parents" +.section "Effect of qualify_single and search_parents" "SECID119" When a domain from an envelope recipient is changed by the resolver as a result of the &%qualify_single%& or &%search_parents%& options, Exim rewrites the corresponding address in the message's header lines unless &%rewrite_headers%& @@ -16333,7 +16588,7 @@ entered. No widening ever takes place for these lookups. . //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// . //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// -.chapter "The ipliteral router" +.chapter "The ipliteral router" "CHID5" .cindex "&(ipliteral)& router" .cindex "domain literal" "routing" .cindex "routers" "&(ipliteral)&" @@ -16369,7 +16624,7 @@ Exim will not recognize the domain literal syntax in addresses. . //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// . //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// -.chapter "The iplookup router" +.chapter "The iplookup router" "CHID6" .cindex "&(iplookup)& router" .cindex "routers" "&(iplookup)&" The &(iplookup)& router was written to fulfil a specific requirement in @@ -16415,10 +16670,14 @@ This option can be set to &"udp"& or &"tcp"& to specify which of the two protocols is to be used. -.option query iplookup string&!! "&`$local_part@$domain $local_part@$domain`&" +.option query iplookup string&!! "see below" This defines the content of the query that is sent to the remote hosts. The -repetition serves as a way of checking that a response is to the correct query -in the default case (see &%response_pattern%& below). +default value is: +.code +$local_part@$domain $local_part@$domain +.endd +The repetition serves as a way of checking that a response is to the correct +query in the default case (see &%response_pattern%& below). .option reroute iplookup string&!! unset @@ -16456,7 +16715,7 @@ call. It does not apply to UDP. . //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// . //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// -.chapter "The manualroute router" +.chapter "The manualroute router" "CHID7" .scindex IIDmanrou1 "&(manualroute)& router" .scindex IIDmanrou2 "routers" "&(manualroute)&" .cindex "domain" "manually routing" @@ -16475,7 +16734,7 @@ include a transport. The combination of a pattern and its data is called a generic &%transport%& option must specify a transport, unless the router is being used purely for verification (see &%verify_only%&). -.cindex "&$host$&" +.vindex "&$host$&" In the case of verification, matching the domain pattern is sufficient for the router to accept the address. When actually routing an address for delivery, an address that matches a domain pattern is queued for the associated @@ -16497,29 +16756,39 @@ below, following the list of private options. .cindex "options" "&(manualroute)& router" The private options for the &(manualroute)& router are as follows: +.new +.option host_all_ignored manualroute string defer +See &%host_find_failed%&. .option host_find_failed manualroute string freeze This option controls what happens when &(manualroute)& tries to find an IP address for a host, and the host does not exist. The option can be set to one -of +of the following values: .code decline defer fail freeze +ignore pass .endd -The default assumes that this state is a serious configuration error. The -difference between &"pass"& and &"decline"& is that the former forces the -address to be passed to the next router (or the router defined by +The default (&"freeze"&) assumes that this state is a serious configuration +error. The difference between &"pass"& and &"decline"& is that the former +forces the address to be passed to the next router (or the router defined by &%pass_router%&), .cindex "&%more%& option" overriding &%no_more%&, whereas the latter passes the address to the next router only if &%more%& is true. -This option applies only to a definite &"does not exist"& state; if a host -lookup gets a temporary error, delivery is deferred unless the generic -&%pass_on_timeout%& option is set. +The value &"ignore"& causes Exim to completely ignore a host whose IP address +cannot be found. If all the hosts in the list are ignored, the behaviour is +controlled by the &%host_all_ignored%& option. This takes the same values +as &%host_find_failed%&, except that it cannot be set to &"ignore"&. + +The &%host_find_failed%& option applies only to a definite &"does not exist"& +state; if a host lookup gets a temporary error, delivery is deferred unless the +generic &%pass_on_timeout%& option is set. +.wen .option hosts_randomize manualroute boolean false @@ -16586,7 +16855,7 @@ if &%headers_add%& and &%headers_remove%& are unset. -.section "Routing rules in route_list" +.section "Routing rules in route_list" "SECID120" The value of &%route_list%& is a string consisting of a sequence of routing rules, separated by semicolons. If a semicolon is needed in a rule, it can be entered as two semicolons. Alternatively, the list separator can be changed as @@ -16620,7 +16889,7 @@ then used as described below. If there is no match, the router declines. When -.section "Routing rules in route_data" +.section "Routing rules in route_data" "SECID121" The use of &%route_list%& is convenient when there are only a small number of routing rules. For larger numbers, it is easier to use a file or database to hold the routing information, and use the &%route_data%& option instead. @@ -16645,7 +16914,7 @@ be enclosed in quotes if it contains white space. -.section "Format of the list of hosts" +.section "Format of the list of hosts" "SECID122" A list of hosts, whether obtained via &%route_data%& or &%route_list%&, is always separately expanded before use. If the expansion fails, the router declines. The result of the expansion must be a colon-separated list of names @@ -16669,7 +16938,7 @@ route_list = ^domain(\d+) host-$1.text.example &$1$& is also set when partial matching is done in a file lookup. .next -.cindex "&$value$&" +.vindex "&$value$&" If the pattern that matched the domain was a lookup item, the data that was looked up is available in the expansion variable &$value$&. For example: .code @@ -16811,13 +17080,13 @@ function called. If no IP address for a host can be found, what happens is controlled by the &%host_find_failed%& option. -.cindex "&$host$&" +.vindex "&$host$&" When an address is routed to a local transport, IP addresses are not looked up. The host list is passed to the transport in the &$host$& variable. -.section "Manualroute examples" +.section "Manualroute examples" "SECID123" In some of the examples that follow, the presence of the &%remote_smtp%& transport, as defined in the default configuration file, is assumed: @@ -16919,8 +17188,8 @@ save_in_file: ${lookup{$domain}dbm{/domain2/hosts}{$value}fail} \ batch_pipe .endd -.cindex "&$domain$&" -.cindex "&$host$&" +.vindex "&$domain$&" +.vindex "&$host$&" The first of these just passes the domain in the &$host$& variable, which doesn't achieve much (since it is also in &$domain$&), but the second does a file lookup to find a value to pass, causing the router to decline to handle @@ -17080,7 +17349,7 @@ anything other than HOST_NOT_FOUND, that result is used. Otherwise, Exim goes on to try a call to &[getipnodebyname()]& or &[gethostbyname()]&, and the result of the lookup is the result of that call. -.cindex "&$address_data$&" +.vindex "&$address_data$&" If the DATA field is set, its value is placed in the &$address_data$& variable. For example, this return line .code @@ -17118,9 +17387,11 @@ It can be routed to be delivered to a specified pipe command. .next It can cause an automatic reply to be generated. .next -It can be forced to fail, with a custom error message. +.new +It can be forced to fail, optionally with a custom error message. .next -It can be temporarily deferred. +It can be temporarily deferred, optionally with a custom message. +.wen .next It can be discarded. .endlist @@ -17132,7 +17403,7 @@ files and pipes, and for generating autoreplies. See the &%file_transport%&, -.section "Redirection data" +.section "Redirection data" "SECID124" The router operates by interpreting a text string which it obtains either by expanding the contents of the &%data%& option, or by reading the entire contents of a file whose name is given in the &%file%& option. These two @@ -17165,7 +17436,7 @@ comments. -.section "Forward files and address verification" +.section "Forward files and address verification" "SECID125" .cindex "address redirection" "while verifying" It is usual to set &%no_verify%& on &(redirect)& routers which handle users' &_.forward_& files, as in the example above. There are two reasons for this: @@ -17187,7 +17458,7 @@ saves some resources. -.section "Interpreting redirection data" +.section "Interpreting redirection data" "SECID126" .cindex "Sieve filter" "specifying in redirection data" .cindex "filter" "specifying in redirection data" The contents of the data string, whether obtained from &%data%& or &%file%&, @@ -17235,7 +17506,7 @@ double quotes are retained because some forms of mail address require their use &"item"& refers to what remains after any surrounding double quotes have been removed. -.cindex "&$local_part$&" +.vindex "&$local_part$&" &*Warning*&: If you use an Exim expansion to construct a redirection address, and the expansion contains a reference to &$local_part$&, you should make use of the &%quote_local_part%& expansion operator, in case the local part contains @@ -17249,7 +17520,7 @@ data = ${quote_local_part:$local_part}@newdomain.example .section "Redirecting to a local mailbox" "SECTredlocmai" .cindex "routing" "loops in" -.cindex "loop while routing" "avoidance of" +.cindex "loop" "while routing, avoidance of" .cindex "address redirection" "to local mailbox" A redirection item may safely be the same as the address currently under consideration. This does not cause a routing loop, because a router is @@ -17270,7 +17541,7 @@ cleo, cleopatra@egypt.example .cindex "backslash in alias file" .cindex "alias file" "backslash in" For compatibility with other MTAs, such unqualified local parts may be -preceeded by &"\"&, but this is not a requirement for loop prevention. However, +preceded by &"\"&, but this is not a requirement for loop prevention. However, it does make a difference if more than one domain is being handled synonymously. @@ -17385,14 +17656,11 @@ Sometimes you want to throw away mail to a particular local part. Making the the router to decline. Instead, the alias item .cindex "black hole" .cindex "abandoning mail" -.code -:blackhole: -.endd -can be used. It does what its name implies. No delivery is done, and no error -message is generated. This has the same effect as specifing &_/dev/null_&, but -can be independently disabled. +&':blackhole:'& can be used. It does what its name implies. No delivery is +done, and no error message is generated. This has the same effect as specifing +&_/dev/null_& as a destination, but it can be independently disabled. -&*Warning*&: If &`:blackhole:`& appears anywhere in a redirection list, no +&*Warning*&: If &':blackhole:'& appears anywhere in a redirection list, no delivery is done for the original local part, even if other redirection items are present. If you are generating a multi-item list (for example, by reading a database) and need the ability to provide a no-op item, you must use @@ -17402,7 +17670,7 @@ database) and need the ability to provide a no-op item, you must use .cindex "delivery" "forcing failure" .cindex "delivery" "forcing deferral" .cindex "failing delivery" "forcing" -.cindex "deferred delivery" "forcing" +.cindex "deferred delivery, forcing" .cindex "customizing" "failure message" An attempt to deliver a particular address can be deferred or forced to fail by redirection items of the form @@ -17419,10 +17687,10 @@ X.Employee: :fail: Gone away, no forwarding address .endd In the case of an address that is being verified from an ACL or as the subject of a -.cindex "VRFY error text" "display of" +.cindex "VRFY" "error text, display of" VRFY command, the text is included in the SMTP error response by default. -.cindex "EXPN error text" "display of" +.cindex "EXPN" "error text, display of" The text is not included in the response to an EXPN command. In non-SMTP cases the text is included in the error message that Exim generates. @@ -17437,7 +17705,7 @@ suppress the use of the supplied code in a redirect router by setting the &%forbid_smtp_code%& option true. In this case, any SMTP code is quietly ignored. -.cindex "&$acl_verify_message$&" +.vindex "&$acl_verify_message$&" In an ACL, an explicitly provided message overrides the default, but the default message is available in the variable &$acl_verify_message$& and can therefore be included in a custom message if this is desired. @@ -17460,18 +17728,15 @@ rules still apply. Sometimes it is useful to use a single-key search type with a default (see chapter &<>&) to look up aliases. However, there may be a need for exceptions to the default. These can be handled by aliasing them to -.code -:unknown: -.endd -This differs from &':fail:'& in that it causes the &(redirect)& router to -decline, whereas &':fail:'& forces routing to fail. A lookup which results in -an empty redirection list has the same effect. +&':unknown:'&. This differs from &':fail:'& in that it causes the &(redirect)& +router to decline, whereas &':fail:'& forces routing to fail. A lookup which +results in an empty redirection list has the same effect. .endlist -.section "Duplicate addresses" +.section "Duplicate addresses" "SECID127" .cindex "duplicate addresses" -.cindex "address duplicate" "discarding" +.cindex "address duplicate, discarding" .cindex "pipe" "duplicated" Exim removes duplicate addresses from the list to which it is delivering, so as to deliver just one copy to each address. This does not apply to deliveries @@ -17495,7 +17760,7 @@ the pipes are distinct. -.section "Repeated redirection expansion" +.section "Repeated redirection expansion" "SECID128" .cindex "repeated redirection expansion" .cindex "address redirection" "repeated for each delivery attempt" When a message cannot be delivered to all of its recipients immediately, @@ -17506,7 +17771,7 @@ members of the list receiving copies of old messages. The &%one_time%& option can be used to avoid this. -.section "Errors in redirection lists" +.section "Errors in redirection lists" "SECID129" .cindex "address redirection" "errors" If &%skip_syntax_errors%& is set, a malformed address that causes a parsing error is skipped, and an entry is written to the main log. This may be useful @@ -17516,7 +17781,7 @@ deferred. See also &%syntax_errors_to%&. -.section "Private options for the redirect router" +.section "Private options for the redirect router" "SECID130" .cindex "options" "&(redirect)& router" The private options for the &(redirect)& router are as follows: @@ -17653,7 +17918,7 @@ not, the router declines. .option file_transport redirect string&!! unset -.cindex "&$address_file$&" +.vindex "&$address_file$&" A &(redirect)& router sets up a direct delivery to a file when a path name not ending in a slash is specified as a new &"address"&. The transport used is specified by this option, which, after expansion, must be the name of a @@ -17872,7 +18137,7 @@ The list is in addition to the local user's primary group when .option pipe_transport redirect string&!! unset -.cindex "&$address_pipe$&" +.vindex "&$address_pipe$&" A &(redirect)& router sets up a direct delivery to a pipe when a string starting with a vertical bar character is specified as a new &"address"&. The transport used is specified by this option, which, after expansion, must be the @@ -17881,7 +18146,7 @@ When the transport is run, the pipe command is in &$address_pipe$&. .option qualify_domain redirect string&!! unset -.cindex "&$qualify_recipient$&" +.vindex "&$qualify_recipient$&" If this option is set, and an unqualified address (one without a domain) is generated, and that address would normally be qualified by the global setting in &%qualify_recipient%&, it is instead qualified with the domain specified by @@ -18059,10 +18324,10 @@ configuration, and these override anything that comes from the router. -.section "Concurrent deliveries" +.section "Concurrent deliveries" "SECID131" .cindex "concurrent deliveries" .cindex "simultaneous deliveries" -If two different messages for the same local recpient arrive more or less +If two different messages for the same local recipient arrive more or less simultaneously, the two delivery processes are likely to run concurrently. When the &(appendfile)& transport is used to write to a file, Exim applies locking rules to stop concurrent processes from writing to the same file at the same @@ -18167,7 +18432,7 @@ Of course, an error will still occur if the uid that is chosen is on the -.section "Current and home directories" +.section "Current and home directories" "SECID132" .cindex "current directory for local transport" .cindex "home directory" "for local transport" .cindex "transport" "local; home directory for" @@ -18203,10 +18468,10 @@ directory to &_/_& before running a local transport. -.section "Expansion variables derived from the address" -.cindex "&$domain$&" -.cindex "&$local_part$&" -.cindex "&$original_domain$&" +.section "Expansion variables derived from the address" "SECID133" +.vindex "&$domain$&" +.vindex "&$local_part$&" +.vindex "&$original_domain$&" Normally a local delivery is handling a single address, and in that case the variables such as &$domain$& and &$local_part$& are set during local deliveries. However, in some circumstances more than one address may be handled @@ -18367,7 +18632,7 @@ change envelope recipients at this time. .option home_directory transports string&!! unset .cindex "transport" "home directory for" -.cindex "&$home$&" +.vindex "&$home$&" This option specifies a home directory setting for a local transport, overriding any value that may be set by the router. The home directory is placed in &$home$& while expanding the transport's private options. It is also @@ -18389,7 +18654,7 @@ to ensure that any additional groups associated with the uid are set up. .option message_size_limit transports string&!! 0 .cindex "limit" "message size per transport" -.cindex "size of message" "limit" +.cindex "size" "of message, limit" .cindex "transport" "message size; limiting" This option controls the size of messages passed through the transport. It is expanded before use; the result of the expansion must be a sequence of decimal @@ -18405,8 +18670,8 @@ delivered. .option rcpt_include_affixes transports boolean false -.cindex "prefix" "for local part; including in envelope" -.cindex "suffix" "for local part; including in envelope" +.cindex "prefix" "for local part, including in envelope" +.cindex "suffix for local part" "including in envelope" .cindex "local part" "prefix" .cindex "local part" "suffix" When this option is false (the default), and an address that has had any @@ -18463,7 +18728,7 @@ header line, if one is added to the message (see the next option). &*Note:*& A changed return path is not logged unless you add &%return_path_on_delivery%& to the log selector. -.cindex "&$return_path$&" +.vindex "&$return_path$&" The expansion can refer to the existing value via &$return_path$&. This is either the message's envelope sender, or an address set by the &%errors_to%& option on a router. If the expansion is forced to fail, no @@ -18523,7 +18788,7 @@ ST= If the shadow transport did not succeed, the error message is put in parentheses afterwards. Shadow transports can be used for a number of different purposes, including keeping more detailed log information than Exim normally -provides, and implementing automatic acknowledgement policies based on message +provides, and implementing automatic acknowledgment policies based on message headers that some sites insist on. @@ -18576,7 +18841,7 @@ more, the server might reject the message. This can be worked round by setting the &%size_addition%& option on the &(smtp)& transport, either to allow for additions to the message, or to disable the use of SIZE altogether. -.cindex "&$pipe_addresses$&" +.vindex "&$pipe_addresses$&" The value of the &%transport_filter%& option is the command string for starting the filter, which is run directly from Exim, not under a shell. The string is parsed by Exim in the same way as a command string for the &(pipe)& transport: @@ -18587,8 +18852,8 @@ of arguments, one for each address that applies to this delivery. (This isn't an ideal name for this feature here, but as it was already implemented for the &(pipe)& transport, it seemed sensible not to change it.) -.cindex "&$host$&" -.cindex "&$host_address$&" +.vindex "&$host$&" +.vindex "&$host_address$&" The expansion variables &$host$& and &$host_address$& are available when the transport is a remote one. They contain the name and IP address of the host to which the message is being sent. For example: @@ -18619,13 +18884,13 @@ Except for the special case of &$pipe_addresses$& that is mentioned above, an expansion cannot generate multiple arguments, or a command name followed by arguments. Consider this example: .code -transport_filter = ${lookup{$host}lsearch{/some/file}\ +transport_filter = ${lookup{$host}lsearch{/a/file}\ {$value}{/bin/cat}} .endd The result of the lookup is interpreted as the name of the command, even if it contains white space. The simplest way round this is to use a shell: .code -transport_filter = /bin/sh -c ${lookup{$host}lsearch{/some/file}\ +transport_filter = /bin/sh -c ${lookup{$host}lsearch{/a/file}\ {$value}{/bin/cat}} .endd .endlist @@ -18644,7 +18909,7 @@ message, which happens if the &%return_message%& option is set. .option transport_filter_timeout transports time 5m -.cindex "transport filter" "timeout" +.cindex "transport" "filter, timeout" When Exim is reading the output of a transport filter, it a applies a timeout that can be set by this option. Exceeding the timeout is normally treated as a temporary delivery failure. However, if a transport filter is used with a @@ -18656,7 +18921,7 @@ becomes a temporary error. .option user transports string&!! "Exim user" .cindex "uid (user id)" "local delivery" -.cindex "transport user" "specifying" +.cindex "transport" "user, specifying" This option specifies the user under whose uid the delivery process is to be run, overriding any uid that may have been set by the router. If the user is given as a name, the uid is looked up from the password data, and the @@ -18726,11 +18991,11 @@ delivered together in a single run of the transport. Its default value is one to certain conditions: .ilist -.cindex "&$local_part$&" +.vindex "&$local_part$&" If any of the transport's options contain a reference to &$local_part$&, no batching is possible. .next -.cindex "&$domain$&" +.vindex "&$domain$&" If any of the transport's options contain a reference to &$domain$&, only addresses with the same domain are batched. .next @@ -18770,14 +19035,14 @@ transport without &%use_bsmtp%&, the only way to preserve the recipient addresses is to set the &%envelope_to_add%& option. .cindex "&(pipe)& transport" "with multiple addresses" -.cindex "&$pipe_addresses$&" +.vindex "&$pipe_addresses$&" If you are using a &(pipe)& transport without BSMTP, and setting the transport's &%command%& option, you can include &$pipe_addresses$& as part of the command. This is not a true variable; it is a bit of magic that causes each of the recipient addresses to be inserted into the command as a separate argument. This provides a way of accessing all the addresses that are being delivered in the batch. &*Note:*& This is not possible for pipe commands that -are specififed by a &(redirect)& router. +are specified by a &(redirect)& router. @@ -18807,7 +19072,7 @@ SUPPORT_MAILSTORE in &_Local/Makefile_& to have the appropriate code included. .cindex "quota" "system" -Exim recognises system quota errors, and generates an appropriate message. Exim +Exim recognizes system quota errors, and generates an appropriate message. Exim also supports its own quota control within the transport, for use when the system facility is unavailable or cannot be used for some reason. @@ -18834,8 +19099,8 @@ the &%directory%& option specifies a directory, in which a new file containing the message is created. Only one of these two options can be set, and for normal deliveries to mailboxes, one of them &'must'& be set. -.cindex "&$address_file$&" -.cindex "&$local_part$&" +.vindex "&$address_file$&" +.vindex "&$local_part$&" However, &(appendfile)& is also used for delivering messages to files or directories whose names (or parts of names) are obtained from alias, forwarding, or filtering operations (for example, a &%save%& command in a @@ -18903,7 +19168,7 @@ the &%file%& or &%directory%& option is still used if it is set. -.section "Private options for appendfile" +.section "Private options for appendfile" "SECID134" .cindex "options" "&(appendfile)& transport" @@ -19019,14 +19284,18 @@ appended to a single mailbox file. A number of different formats are provided &<>& for further details of this form of delivery. -.option directory_file appendfile string&!! &`q${base62:$tod_epoch}-$inode`& +.option directory_file appendfile string&!! "see below" .cindex "base62" -.cindex "&$inode$&" +.vindex "&$inode$&" When &%directory%& is set, but neither &%maildir_format%& nor &%mailstore_format%& is set, &(appendfile)& delivers each message into a file -whose name is obtained by expanding this string. The default value generates a -unique name from the current time, in base 62 form, and the inode of the file. -The variable &$inode$& is available only when expanding this option. +whose name is obtained by expanding this string. The default value is: +.code +q${base62:$tod_epoch}-$inode +.endd +This generates a unique name from the current time, in base 62 form, and the +inode of the file. The variable &$inode$& is available only when expanding this +option. .option directory_mode appendfile "octal integer" 0700 @@ -19100,7 +19369,7 @@ If this option is false, the file is created if it does not exist. .option lock_fcntl_timeout appendfile time 0s .cindex "timeout" "mailbox locking" -.cindex "mailbox locking" "blocking and non-blocking" +.cindex "mailbox" "locking, blocking and non-blocking" .cindex "locking files" By default, the &(appendfile)& transport uses non-blocking calls to &[fcntl()]& when locking an open mailbox file. If the call fails, the delivery process @@ -19267,7 +19536,7 @@ section &<>& below. .cindex "locking files" .cindex "file" "locking" .cindex "file" "MBX format" -.cindex "MBX format" "specifying" +.cindex "MBX format, specifying" This option is available only if Exim has been compiled with SUPPORT_MBX set in &_Local/Makefile_&. If &%mbx_format%& is set with the &%file%& option, the message is appended to the mailbox file in MBX format instead of @@ -19322,7 +19591,7 @@ message_suffix = If the output file is created, it is given this mode. If it already exists and has wider permissions, they are reduced to this mode. If it has narrower permissions, an error occurs unless &%mode_fail_narrower%& is false. However, -if the delivery is the result of a &%save%& command in a filter file specifing +if the delivery is the result of a &%save%& command in a filter file specifying a particular mode, the mode of the output file is always forced to take that value, and this option is ignored. @@ -19835,14 +20104,14 @@ of the &%mailbox_size%& option as a way of importing it into Exim. -.section "Using tags to record message sizes" +.section "Using tags to record message sizes" "SECID135" If &%maildir_tag%& is set, the string is expanded for each delivery. When the maildir file is renamed into the &_new_& sub-directory, the tag is added to its name. However, if adding the tag takes the length of the name to the point where the test &[stat()]& call fails with ENAMETOOLONG, the tag is dropped and the maildir file is created with no tag. -.cindex "&$message_size$&" +.vindex "&$message_size$&" Tags can be used to encode the size of files in their names; see &%quota_size_regex%& above for an example. The expansion of &%maildir_tag%& happens after the message has been written. The value of the &$message_size$& @@ -19855,7 +20124,7 @@ colon is inserted. -.section "Using a maildirsize file" +.section "Using a maildirsize file" "SECID136" .cindex "quota" "in maildir delivery" .cindex "maildir format" "&_maildirsize_& file" If &%maildir_use_size_file%& is true, Exim implements the maildir++ rules for @@ -19881,7 +20150,7 @@ See the description of the &%maildir_quota_directory_regex%& option above for details. -.section "Mailstore delivery" +.section "Mailstore delivery" "SECID137" .cindex "mailstore format" "description of" If the &%mailstore_format%& option is true, each message is written as two files in the given directory. A unique base name is constructed from the @@ -19910,7 +20179,7 @@ configuration errors, and delivery is deferred. The variable &$mailstore_basename$& is available for use during these expansions. -.section "Non-special new file delivery" +.section "Non-special new file delivery" "SECID138" If neither &%maildir_format%& nor &%mailstore_format%& is set, a single new file is created directly in the named directory. For example, when delivering messages into files in batched SMTP format for later delivery to some host (see @@ -19932,7 +20201,7 @@ expanding the contents of the &%directory_file%& option. . //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// . //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// -.chapter "The autoreply transport" +.chapter "The autoreply transport" "CHID8" .scindex IIDauttra1 "transports" "&(autoreply)&" .scindex IIDauttra2 "&(autoreply)& transport" The &(autoreply)& transport is not a true transport in that it does not cause @@ -19991,7 +20260,7 @@ If any of the generic options for manipulating headers (for example, of the original message that is included in the generated message when &%return_message%& is set. They do not apply to the generated message itself. -.cindex "&$sender_address$&" +.vindex "&$sender_address$&" If the &(autoreply)& transport receives return code 2 from Exim when it submits the message, indicating that there were no recipients, it does not treat this as an error. This means that autoreplies sent to &$sender_address$& when this @@ -20000,7 +20269,7 @@ problems. They are just discarded. -.section "Private options for autoreply" +.section "Private options for autoreply" "SECID139" .cindex "options" "&(autoreply)& transport" .option bcc autoreply string&!! unset @@ -20192,12 +20461,9 @@ delivers the message to it using the LMTP protocol. .option timeout lmtp time 5m -The transport is aborted if the created process -or Unix domain socket -does not respond to LMTP commands or message input within this timeout. - - -Here is an example of a typical LMTP transport: +The transport is aborted if the created process or Unix domain socket does not +respond to LMTP commands or message input within this timeout. Here is an +example of a typical LMTP transport: .code lmtp: driver = lmtp @@ -20224,13 +20490,13 @@ their incoming messages. The &(pipe)& transport can be used in one of the following ways: .ilist -.cindex "&$local_part$&" +.vindex "&$local_part$&" A router routes one address to a transport in the normal way, and the transport is configured as a &(pipe)& transport. In this case, &$local_part$& contains the local part of the address (as usual), and the command that is run is specified by the &%command%& option on the transport. .next -.cindex "&$pipe_addresses$&" +.vindex "&$pipe_addresses$&" If the &%batch_max%& option is set greater than 1 (the default is 1), the transport can handle more than one address in a single run. In this case, when more than one address is routed to the transport, &$local_part$& is not set @@ -20238,7 +20504,7 @@ more than one address is routed to the transport, &$local_part$& is not set (described in section &<>& below) contains all the addresses that are routed to the transport. .next -.cindex "&$address_pipe$&" +.vindex "&$address_pipe$&" A router redirects an address directly to a pipe command (for example, from an alias or forward file). In this case, &$address_pipe$& contains the text of the pipe command, and the &%command%& option on the transport is ignored. If only @@ -20261,7 +20527,7 @@ details of the local delivery environment and chapter &<>& for a discussion of local delivery batching. -.section "Concurrent delivery" +.section "Concurrent delivery" "SECID140" If two messages arrive at almost the same time, and both are routed to a pipe delivery, the two pipe transports may be run concurrently. You must ensure that any pipe commands you set up are robust against this happening. If the commands @@ -20270,7 +20536,7 @@ write to a file, the &%exim_lock%& utility might be of use. -.section "Returned status and data" +.section "Returned status and data" "SECID141" .cindex "&(pipe)& transport" "returned data" If the command exits with a non-zero return code, the delivery is deemed to have failed, unless either the &%ignore_status%& option is set (in which case @@ -20338,7 +20604,7 @@ command = /bin/sh -c ${lookup{$local_part}lsearch{/some/file}} .cindex "transport" "filter" .cindex "filter" "transport filter" -.cindex "&$pipe_addresses$&" +.vindex "&$pipe_addresses$&" Special handling takes place when an argument consists of precisely the text &`$pipe_addresses`&. This is not a general expansion variable; the only place this string is recognized is when it appears as an argument for a pipe or @@ -20414,7 +20680,7 @@ by the router's &%transport_home_directory%& option, which defaults to the user's home directory if &%check_local_user%& is set. -.section "Private options for pipe" +.section "Private options for pipe" "SECID142" .cindex "options" "&(pipe)& transport" @@ -20561,12 +20827,15 @@ The suffix can be suppressed by setting message_suffix = .endd -.option path pipe string &`/bin:/usr/bin`& +.option path pipe string "see below" This option specifies the string that is set up in the PATH environment -variable of the subprocess. If the &%command%& option does not yield an -absolute path name, the command is sought in the PATH directories, in the usual -way. &*Warning*&: This does not apply to a command specified as a transport -filter. +variable of the subprocess. The default is: +.code +/bin:/usr/bin +.endd +If the &%command%& option does not yield an absolute path name, the command is +sought in the PATH directories, in the usual way. &*Warning*&: This does not +apply to a command specified as a transport filter. .option pipe_as_creator pipe boolean false @@ -20673,7 +20942,7 @@ end with &`\r\n`& if &%use_crlf%& is set. .option use_shell pipe boolean false -.cindex "&$pipe_addresses$&" +.vindex "&$pipe_addresses$&" If this option is set, it causes the command to be passed to &_/bin/sh_& instead of being run directly from the transport, as described in section &<>&. This is less secure, but is needed in some situations @@ -20685,7 +20954,7 @@ its &%-c%& option. -.section "Using an external local delivery agent" +.section "Using an external local delivery agent" "SECID143" .cindex "local delivery" "using an external agent" .cindex "&'procmail'&" .cindex "external local delivery" @@ -20775,7 +21044,7 @@ explicitly for the transport. Timeout and retry processing (see chapter &<>&) is applied to each IP address independently. -.section "Multiple messages on a single connection" +.section "Multiple messages on a single connection" "SECID144" The sending of multiple messages over a single TCP/IP connection can arise in two ways: @@ -20804,9 +21073,9 @@ no further messages are sent over that connection. -.section "Use of the $host variable" -.cindex "&$host$&" -.cindex "&$host_address$&" +.section "Use of the $host variable" "SECID145" +.vindex "&$host$&" +.vindex "&$host_address$&" At the start of a run of the &(smtp)& transport, the values of &$host$& and &$host_address$& are the name and IP address of the first host on the host list passed by the router. However, when the transport is about to connect to a @@ -20817,12 +21086,11 @@ that are in force when the &%helo_data%&, &%hosts_try_auth%&, &%interface%&, -.section "Private options for smtp" +.section "Private options for smtp" "SECID146" .cindex "options" "&(smtp)& transport" The private options of the &(smtp)& transport are as follows: -.new .option address_retry_include_sender smtp boolean true .cindex "4&'xx'& responses" "retrying after" When an address is delayed because of a 4&'xx'& response to a RCPT command, it @@ -20831,7 +21099,6 @@ runs until the retry time is reached. You can delay the recipient without reference to the sender (which is what earlier versions of Exim did), by setting &%address_retry_include_sender%& false. However, this can lead to problems with servers that regularly issue 4&'xx'& responses to RCPT commands. -.wen .option allow_localhost smtp boolean false .cindex "local host" "sending to" @@ -20987,7 +21254,6 @@ This is the timeout that applies while waiting for the response to the final line containing just &"."& that terminates a message. Its value must not be zero. - .option gethostbyname smtp boolean false If this option is true when the &%hosts%& and/or &%fallback_hosts%& options are being used, names are looked up using &[gethostbyname()]& @@ -20995,14 +21261,46 @@ being used, names are looked up using &[gethostbyname()]& instead of using the DNS. Of course, that function may in fact use the DNS, but it may also consult other sources of information such as &_/etc/hosts_&. -.option helo_data smtp string&!! &`$primary_hostname`& -.cindex "HELO argument" "setting" -.cindex "EHLO argument" "setting" -.cindex "LHLO argument" "setting" -The value of this option is expanded, and used as the argument for the EHLO, -HELO, or LHLO command that starts the outgoing SMTP or LMTP session. The -variables &$host$& and &$host_address$& are set to the identity of the remote -host, and can be used to generate different values for different servers. +.new +.option gnutls_require_kx main string unset +This option controls the key exchange mechanisms when GnuTLS is used in an Exim +client. For details, see section &<>&. + +.option gnutls_require_mac main string unset +This option controls the MAC algorithms when GnuTLS is used in an Exim +client. For details, see section &<>&. + +.option gnutls_require_protocols main string unset +This option controls the protocols when GnuTLS is used in an Exim +client. For details, see section &<>&. +.wen + +.new +.option helo_data smtp string&!! "see below" +.cindex "HELO" "argument, setting" +.cindex "EHLO" "argument, setting" +.cindex "LHLO argument setting" +The value of this option is expanded after a connection to a another host has +been set up. The result is used as the argument for the EHLO, HELO, or LHLO +command that starts the outgoing SMTP or LMTP session. The default value of the +option is: +.code +$primary_hostname +.endd +During the expansion, the variables &$host$& and &$host_address$& are set to +the identity of the remote host, and the variables &$sending_ip_address$& and +&$sending_port$& are set to the local IP address and port number that are being +used. These variables can be therefore used to generate different values for +different servers or different local IP addresses. For example, if you want the +string that is used for &%helo_data%& to be obtained by a DNS lookup of the +outgoing interface address, you could use this: +.code +helo_data = ${lookup dnsdb{ptr=$sending_ip_address}{$value}\ + {$primary_hostname}} +.endd +The use of &%helo_data%& applies both to sending messages and when doing +callouts. +.wen .option hosts smtp "string list&!!" unset Hosts are associated with an address by a router such as &(dnslookup)&, which @@ -21038,7 +21336,7 @@ unless &%hosts_randomize%& is set. .option hosts_avoid_esmtp smtp "host list&!!" unset -.cindex "ESMTP" "avoiding use of" +.cindex "ESMTP, avoiding use of" .cindex "HELO" "forcing use of" .cindex "EHLO" "avoiding use of" .cindex "PIPELINING" "avoiding the use of" @@ -21049,6 +21347,14 @@ start of the SMTP session. This means that it cannot use any of the ESMTP facilities such as AUTH, PIPELINING, SIZE, and STARTTLS. +.new +.option hosts_avoid_pipelining smtp "host list&!!" unset +.cindex "PIPELINING" "avoiding the use of" +Exim will not use the SMTP PIPELINING extension when delivering to any host +that matches this list, even if the server host advertises PIPELINING support. +.wen + + .option hosts_avoid_tls smtp "host list&!!" unset .cindex "TLS" "avoiding for certain hosts" Exim will not try to start a TLS session when delivering to any host that @@ -21096,7 +21402,7 @@ attached to the address are ignored, and instead the hosts specified by the If this option is set, and either the list of hosts is taken from the &%hosts%& or the &%fallback_hosts%& option, or the hosts supplied by the router were not obtained from MX records (this includes fallback hosts from the -router), and were not randomizied by the router, the order of trying the hosts +router), and were not randomized by the router, the order of trying the hosts is randomized each time the transport runs. Randomizing the order of a host list can be used to do crude load sharing. @@ -21138,11 +21444,10 @@ unauthenticated. See also &%hosts_require_auth%&, and chapter &<>& for details of authentication. .option interface smtp "string list&!!" unset -.new .cindex "bind IP address" .cindex "IP address" "binding" -.cindex "&$host$&" -.cindex "&$host_address$&" +.vindex "&$host$&" +.vindex "&$host_address$&" This option specifies which interface to bind to when making an outgoing SMTP call. &*Note:*& Do not confuse this with the interface address that was used when a message was received, which is in &$received_ip_address$&, formerly @@ -21150,7 +21455,6 @@ known as &$interface_address$&. The name was changed to minimize confusion with the outgoing interface address. There is no variable that contains an outgoing interface address because, unless it is set by this option, its value is unknown. -.wen During the expansion of the &%interface%& option the variables &$host$& and &$host_address$& refer to the host to which a connection is about to be made @@ -21172,7 +21476,7 @@ interface to use if the host has more than one. This option controls the setting of SO_KEEPALIVE on outgoing TCP/IP socket connections. When set, it causes the kernel to probe idle connections periodically, by sending packets with &"old"& sequence numbers. The other end -of the connection should send a acknowledgement if the connection is still okay +of the connection should send a acknowledgment if the connection is still okay or a reset if the connection has been aborted. The reason for doing this is that it has the beneficial effect of freeing up certain types of connection that can get stuck when the remote host is disconnected without tidying up the @@ -21195,7 +21499,7 @@ permits this. .option multi_domain smtp boolean true -.cindex "&$domain$&" +.vindex "&$domain$&" When this option is set, the &(smtp)& transport can handle a number of addresses containing a mixture of different domains provided they all resolve to the same list of hosts. Turning the option off restricts the transport to @@ -21205,7 +21509,6 @@ is a single domain involved in a remote delivery. .option port smtp string&!! "see below" -.new .cindex "port" "sending TCP/IP" .cindex "TCP/IP" "setting outgoing port" This option specifies the TCP/IP port on the server to which Exim connects. @@ -21213,7 +21516,6 @@ This option specifies the TCP/IP port on the server to which Exim connects. received, which is in &$received_port$&, formerly known as &$interface_port$&. The name was changed to minimize confusion with the outgoing port. There is no variable that contains an outgoing port. -.wen If the value of this option begins with a digit it is taken as a port number; otherwise it is looked up using &[getservbyname()]&. The default value is @@ -21289,10 +21591,10 @@ the use of the SIZE option altogether. .option tls_certificate smtp string&!! unset -.cindex "TLS client certificate" "location of" -.cindex "certificate for client" "location of" -.cindex "&$host$&" -.cindex "&$host_address$&" +.cindex "TLS" "client certificate, location of" +.cindex "certificate" "client, location of" +.vindex "&$host$&" +.vindex "&$host_address$&" The value of this option must be the absolute path to a file which contains the client's certificate, for possible use when sending a message over an encrypted connection. The values of &$host$& and &$host_address$& are set to the name and @@ -21314,9 +21616,9 @@ be the name of a file that contains a CRL in PEM format. .option tls_privatekey smtp string&!! unset -.cindex "TLS client private key" "location of" -.cindex "&$host$&" -.cindex "&$host_address$&" +.cindex "TLS" "client private key, location of" +.vindex "&$host$&" +.vindex "&$host_address$&" The value of this option must be the absolute path to a file which contains the client's private key. This is used when sending a message over an encrypted connection using a client certificate. The values of &$host$& and @@ -21329,8 +21631,8 @@ the certificate. See chapter &<>& for details of TLS. .option tls_require_ciphers smtp string&!! unset .cindex "TLS" "requiring specific ciphers" .cindex "cipher" "requiring specific" -.cindex "&$host$&" -.cindex "&$host_address$&" +.vindex "&$host$&" +.vindex "&$host_address$&" The value of this option must be a list of permitted cipher suites, for use when setting up an outgoing encrypted connection. (There is a global option of the same name for controlling incoming connections.) The values of &$host$& and @@ -21358,8 +21660,8 @@ in clear. .option tls_verify_certificates smtp string&!! unset .cindex "TLS" "server certificate verification" .cindex "certificate" "verification of server" -.cindex "&$host$&" -.cindex "&$host_address$&" +.vindex "&$host$&" +.vindex "&$host_address$&" The value of this option must be the absolute path to a file containing permitted server certificates, for use when setting up an encrypted connection. Alternatively, if you are using OpenSSL, you can set @@ -21472,7 +21774,7 @@ such a domain should be rewritten using the &"canonical"& name, and some MTAs do this. The new RFCs do not contain this suggestion. -.section "Explicitly configured address rewriting" +.section "Explicitly configured address rewriting" "SECID147" This chapter describes the rewriting rules that can be used in the main rewrite section of the configuration file, and also in the generic &%headers_rewrite%& option that can be set on any transport. @@ -21522,13 +21824,13 @@ A host rewrites the local parts of its own users so that, for example, -.section "When does rewriting happen?" +.section "When does rewriting happen?" "SECID148" .cindex "rewriting" "timing of" .cindex "&ACL;" "rewriting addresses in" Configured address rewriting can take place at several different stages of a message's processing. -.cindex "&$sender_address$&" +.vindex "&$sender_address$&" At the start of an ACL for MAIL, the sender address may have been rewritten by a special SMTP-time rewrite rule (see section &<>&), but no ordinary rewrite rules have yet been applied. If, however, the sender address @@ -21538,8 +21840,8 @@ rewritten address. This also applies if sender verification happens in a RCPT ACL. Otherwise, when the sender address is not verified, it is rewritten as soon as a message's header lines have been received. -.cindex "&$domain$&" -.cindex "&$local_part$&" +.vindex "&$domain$&" +.vindex "&$local_part$&" Similarly, at the start of an ACL for RCPT, the current recipient's address may have been rewritten by a special SMTP-time rewrite rule, but no ordinary rewrite rules have yet been applied to it. However, the behaviour is different @@ -21577,7 +21879,7 @@ transport time. -.section "Testing the rewriting rules that apply on input" +.section "Testing the rewriting rules that apply on input" "SECID149" .cindex "rewriting" "testing" .cindex "testing" "rewriting" Exim's input rewriting configuration appears in a part of the run time @@ -21607,7 +21909,7 @@ present time, there is no equivalent way of testing rewriting rules that are set for a particular transport. -.section "Rewriting rules" +.section "Rewriting rules" "SECID150" .cindex "rewriting" "rules" The rewrite section of the configuration file consists of lines of rewriting rules in the form @@ -21637,8 +21939,8 @@ address in &'To:'& must not assume that the message's address in &'From:'& has (or has not) already been rewritten. However, a rewrite of &'From:'& may assume that the envelope sender has already been rewritten. -.cindex "&$domain$&" -.cindex "&$local_part$&" +.vindex "&$domain$&" +.vindex "&$local_part$&" The variables &$local_part$& and &$domain$& can be used in the replacement string to refer to the address that is being rewritten. Note that lookup-driven rewriting can be done by a rule of the form @@ -21649,7 +21951,7 @@ where the lookup key uses &$1$& and &$2$& or &$local_part$& and &$domain$& to refer to the address that is being rewritten. -.section "Rewriting patterns" +.section "Rewriting patterns" "SECID151" .cindex "rewriting" "patterns" .cindex "address list" "in a rewriting pattern" The source pattern in a rewriting rule is any item which may appear in an @@ -21710,7 +22012,7 @@ whole domain. For non-partial domain lookups, no numerical variables are set. .endlist -.section "Rewriting replacements" +.section "Rewriting replacements" "SECID152" .cindex "rewriting" "replacements" If the replacement string for a rule is a single asterisk, addresses that match the pattern and the flags are &'not'& rewritten, and no subsequent @@ -21721,8 +22023,8 @@ hatta@lookingglass.fict.example * f specifies that &'hatta@lookingglass.fict.example'& is never to be rewritten in &'From:'& headers. -.cindex "&$domain$&" -.cindex "&$local_part$&" +.vindex "&$domain$&" +.vindex "&$local_part$&" If the replacement string is not a single asterisk, it is expanded, and must yield a fully qualified address. Within the expansion, the variables &$local_part$& and &$domain$& refer to the address that is being rewritten. @@ -21736,7 +22038,7 @@ entry written to the panic log. -.section "Rewriting flags" +.section "Rewriting flags" "SECID153" There are three different kinds of flag that may appear on rewriting rules: .ilist @@ -21753,7 +22055,8 @@ E, F, T, and S are not permitted. -.section "Flags specifying which headers and envelope addresses to rewrite" +.section "Flags specifying which headers and envelope addresses to rewrite" &&& + "SECID154" .cindex "rewriting" "flags" If none of the following flag letters, nor the &"S"& flag (see section &<>&) are present, a main rewriting rule applies to all headers @@ -21786,8 +22089,8 @@ before any other processing; even before syntax checking. The pattern is required to be a regular expression, and it is matched against the whole of the data for the command, including any surrounding angle brackets. -.cindex "&$domain$&" -.cindex "&$local_part$&" +.vindex "&$domain$&" +.vindex "&$local_part$&" This form of rewrite rule allows for the handling of addresses that are not compliant with RFCs 2821 and 2822 (for example, &"bang paths"& in batched SMTP input). Because the input is not required to be a syntactically valid address, @@ -21796,7 +22099,7 @@ expansion of the replacement string. The result of rewriting replaces the original address in the MAIL or RCPT command. -.section "Flags controlling the rewriting process" +.section "Flags controlling the rewriting process" "SECID155" There are four flags which control the way the rewriting process works. These take effect only when a rule is invoked, that is, when the address is of the correct type (matches the flags) and matches the pattern: @@ -21841,7 +22144,7 @@ rewritten, all but the working part of the replacement address is discarded. .endlist -.section "Rewriting examples" +.section "Rewriting examples" "SECID156" Here is an example of the two common rewriting paradigms: .code *@*.hitch.fict.example $1@hitch.fict.example @@ -21903,7 +22206,7 @@ can be done on the rewritten addresses. . //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// .chapter "Retry configuration" "CHAPretry" -.scindex IIDretconf1 "retry configuration" "description of" +.scindex IIDretconf1 "retry" "configuration, description of" .scindex IIDregconf2 "configuration file" "retry section" The &"retry"& section of the run time configuration file contains a list of retry rules that control how often Exim tries to deliver messages that cannot @@ -21941,7 +22244,7 @@ suffers a temporary failure, the retry data is updated as normal, and subsequent delivery attempts from queue runs occur only when the retry time for the local address is reached. -.section "Changing retry rules" +.section "Changing retry rules" "SECID157" If you change the retry rules in your configuration, you should consider whether or not to delete the retry data that is stored in Exim's spool area in files with names like &_db/retry_&. Deleting any of Exim's hints files is @@ -21956,7 +22259,7 @@ messages that it should now be retaining. -.section "Format of retry rules" +.section "Format of retry rules" "SECID158" .cindex "retry" "rules" Each retry rule occupies one line and consists of three or four parts, separated by white space: a pattern, an error name, an optional list of sender @@ -21996,7 +22299,7 @@ expressions work in address lists. .endd -.section "Choosing which retry rule to use for address errors" +.section "Choosing which retry rule to use for address errors" "SECID159" When Exim is looking for a retry rule after a routing attempt has failed (for example, after a DNS timeout), each line in the retry configuration is tested against the complete address only if &%retry_use_local_part%& is set for the @@ -22012,7 +22315,6 @@ configuration is tested against the complete address only if &%retry_use_local_part%& is set for the transport (it defaults true for all local transports). -.new .cindex "4&'xx'& responses" "retry rules for" However, when Exim is looking for a retry rule after a remote delivery attempt suffers an address error (a 4&'xx'& SMTP response for a recipient address), the @@ -22024,11 +22326,11 @@ reached. You can delay the recipient without regard to the sender by setting &%address_retry_include_sender%& false in the &(smtp)& transport but this can lead to problems with servers that regularly issue 4&'xx'& responses to RCPT commands. -.wen -.section "Choosing which retry rule to use for host and message errors" +.section "Choosing which retry rule to use for host and message errors" &&& + "SECID160" For a temporary error that is not related to an individual address (for example, a connection timeout), each line in the retry configuration is checked twice. First, the name of the remote host is used as a domain name (preceded by @@ -22066,7 +22368,7 @@ route_list = *.a.example 192.168.34.23 then the &"host name"& that is used when searching for a retry rule is the textual form of the IP address. -.section "Retry rules for specific errors" +.section "Retry rules for specific errors" "SECID161" .cindex "retry" "specific errors; specifying" The second field in a retry rule is the name of a particular error, or an asterisk, which matches any error. The errors that can be tested for are: @@ -22182,7 +22484,7 @@ error). -.section "Retry rules for specified senders" +.section "Retry rules for specified senders" "SECID162" .cindex "retry" "rules; sender-specific" You can specify retry rules that apply only when the failing message has a specific sender. In particular, this can be used to define retry rules that @@ -22219,7 +22521,7 @@ list is never matched. -.section "Retry parameters" +.section "Retry parameters" "SECID163" .cindex "retry" "parameters in rules" The third (or fourth, if a senders list is present) field in a retry rule is a sequence of retry parameter sets, separated by semicolons. Each set consists of @@ -22248,7 +22550,7 @@ is used to increase the size of the interval at each retry. .next &'H'&: retry at randomized intervals. The arguments are as for &'G'&. For each retry, the previous interval is multiplied by the factor in order to get a -maximum for the next interval. The mininum interval is the first argument of +maximum for the next interval. The minimum interval is the first argument of the parameter, and an actual interval is chosen randomly between them. Such a rule has been found to be helpful in cluster configurations when all the members of the cluster restart at once, and may therefore synchronize their @@ -22263,7 +22565,7 @@ current time. For geometrically increasing intervals, retry intervals are computed from the rule's parameters until one that is greater than the previous interval is found. The main configuration variable .cindex "limit" "retry interval" -.cindex "retry interval" "maximum" +.cindex "retry" "interval, maximum" .cindex "&%retry_interval_max%&" &%retry_interval_max%& limits the maximum interval between retries. It cannot be set greater than &`24h`&, which is its default value. @@ -22297,7 +22599,7 @@ are for the hosts associated with a particular mail domain, and also for local deliveries that have been deferred. -.section "Retry rule examples" +.section "Retry rule examples" "SECID164" Here are some example retry rules: .code alice@wonderland.fict.example quota_5d F,7d,3h @@ -22335,7 +22637,7 @@ hours, then with intervals starting at one hour and increasing by a factor of -.section "Timeout of retry data" +.section "Timeout of retry data" "SECID165" .cindex "timeout" "of retry data" .cindex "&%retry_data_expire%&" .cindex "hints database" "data expiry" @@ -22359,8 +22661,8 @@ message at least once every 7 days the retry data never expires. -.section "Long-term failures" -.cindex "delivery failure" "long-term" +.section "Long-term failures" "SECID166" +.cindex "delivery failure, long-term" .cindex "retry" "after long-term failure" Special processing happens when an email address has been failing for so long that the cutoff time for the last algorithm is reached. For example, using the @@ -22409,7 +22711,7 @@ If there is a continuous stream of messages for the failing domains, setting deliver to permanently failing IP addresses than when &%delay_after_cutoff%& is true. -.section "Deliveries that work intermittently" +.section "Deliveries that work intermittently" "SECID167" .cindex "retry" "intermittently working deliveries" Some additional logic is needed to cope with cases where a host is intermittently available, or when a message has some attribute that prevents @@ -22552,7 +22854,7 @@ in Exim. -.section "Generic options for authenticators" +.section "Generic options for authenticators" "SECID168" .cindex "authentication" "generic options" .cindex "options" "generic; for authenticators" @@ -22579,7 +22881,6 @@ forced, and was not caused by a lookup defer, the incident is logged. See section &<>& below for further discussion. -.new .option server_condition authenticators string&!! unset This option must be set for a &%plaintext%& server authenticator, where it is used directly to control authentication. See section &<>& @@ -22595,7 +22896,6 @@ string, &"0"&, &"no"&, or &"false"&, authentication fails. If the result of the expansion is &"1"&, &"yes"&, or &"true"&, authentication succeeds. For any other result, a temporary error code is returned, with the expanded string as the error text. -.wen .option server_debug_print authenticators string&!! unset @@ -22608,7 +22908,7 @@ output, and Exim carries on processing. .option server_set_id authenticators string&!! unset -.cindex "&$authenticated_id$&" +.vindex "&$authenticated_id$&" When an Exim server successfully authenticates a client, this string is expanded using data from the authentication, and preserved for any incoming messages in the variable &$authenticated_id$&. It is also included in the log @@ -22643,7 +22943,7 @@ than EHLO), the use of AUTH= is a syntax error. .next If the value of the AUTH= parameter is &"<>"&, it is ignored. .next -.cindex "&$authenticated_sender$&" +.vindex "&$authenticated_sender$&" If &%acl_smtp_mailauth%& is defined, the ACL it specifies is run. While it is running, the value of &$authenticated_sender$& is set to the value obtained from the AUTH= parameter. If the ACL does not yield &"accept"&, the value of @@ -22671,7 +22971,7 @@ hosts to which Exim authenticates as a client. Do not confuse this value with &$authenticated_id$&, which is a string obtained from the authentication process, and which is not usually a complete email address. -.cindex "&$sender_address$&" +.vindex "&$sender_address$&" Whenever an AUTH= value is ignored, the incident is logged. The ACL for MAIL, if defined, is run after AUTH= is accepted or ignored. It can therefore make use of &$authenticated_sender$&. The converse is not true: the @@ -22710,12 +23010,12 @@ so that no authentication mechanisms are advertised to them. The &%server_advertise_condition%& controls the advertisement of individual authentication mechanisms. For example, it can be used to restrict the -advertisement of a patricular mechanism to encrypted connections, by a setting +advertisement of a particular mechanism to encrypted connections, by a setting such as: .code server_advertise_condition = ${if eq{$tls_cipher}{}{no}{yes}} .endd -.cindex "&$tls_cipher$&" +.vindex "&$tls_cipher$&" If the session is encrypted, &$tls_cipher$& is not empty, and so the expansion yields &"yes"&, which allows the advertisement to happen. @@ -22744,8 +23044,8 @@ the appropriate authentication protocol, and authentication either succeeds or fails. If there is no matching advertised mechanism, the AUTH command is rejected with a 504 error. -.cindex "&$received_protocol$&" -.cindex "&$sender_host_authenticated$&" +.vindex "&$received_protocol$&" +.vindex "&$sender_host_authenticated$&" When a message is received from an authenticated host, the value of &$received_protocol$& is set to &"esmtpa"& or &"esmtpsa"& instead of &"esmtp"& or &"esmtps"&, and &$sender_host_authenticated$& contains the name (not the @@ -22756,7 +23056,7 @@ no successful authentication. -.section "Testing server authentication" +.section "Testing server authentication" "SECID169" .cindex "authentication" "testing a server" .cindex "AUTH" "testing a server" .cindex "base64 encoding" "creating authentication test data" @@ -22805,7 +23105,7 @@ should check your version before relying on this suggestion. -.section "Authentication by an Exim client" +.section "Authentication by an Exim client" "SECID170" .cindex "authentication" "on an Exim client" The &(smtp)& transport has two options called &%hosts_require_auth%& and &%hosts_try_auth%&. When the &(smtp)& transport connects to a server that @@ -22813,20 +23113,21 @@ announces support for authentication, and the host matches an entry in either of these options, Exim (as a client) tries to authenticate as follows: .ilist -For each authenticator that is configured as a client, it searches the -authentication mechanisms announced by the server for one whose name -matches the public name of the authenticator. -.next -.cindex "&$host$&" -.cindex "&$host_address$&" -When it finds one that matches, it runs the authenticator's client code. -The variables &$host$& and &$host_address$& are available for any string -expansions that the client might do. They are set to the server's name and -IP address. If any expansion is forced to fail, the authentication attempt -is abandoned, -and Exim moves on to the next authenticator. -Otherwise an expansion failure causes delivery to be -deferred. +.new +For each authenticator that is configured as a client, in the order in which +they are defined in the configuration, it searches the authentication +mechanisms announced by the server for one whose name matches the public name +of the authenticator. +.wen +.next +.vindex "&$host$&" +.vindex "&$host_address$&" +When it finds one that matches, it runs the authenticator's client code. The +variables &$host$& and &$host_address$& are available for any string expansions +that the client might do. They are set to the server's name and IP address. If +any expansion is forced to fail, the authentication attempt is abandoned, and +Exim moves on to the next authenticator. Otherwise an expansion failure causes +delivery to be deferred. .next If the result of the authentication attempt is a temporary error or a timeout, Exim abandons trying to send the message to the host for the moment. It will @@ -22877,15 +23178,13 @@ security risk; you are strongly advised to insist on the use of SMTP encryption use unencrypted plain text, you should not use the same passwords for SMTP connections as you do for login accounts. -.new -.section "Plaintext options" +.section "Plaintext options" "SECID171" .cindex "options" "&(plaintext)& authenticator (server)" When configured as a server, &(plaintext)& uses the following options: .option server_condition authenticators string&!! unset This is actually a global authentication option, but it must be set in order to configure the &(plaintext)& driver as a server. Its use is described below. -.wen .option server_prompts plaintext string&!! unset The contents of this option, after expansion, must be a colon-separated list of @@ -22897,7 +23196,7 @@ given. .cindex "binary zero" "in &(plaintext)& authenticator" .cindex "numerical variables (&$1$& &$2$& etc)" &&& "in &(plaintext)& authenticator" -.cindex "&$auth1$&, &$auth2$&, etc" +.vindex "&$auth1$&, &$auth2$&, etc" .cindex "base64 encoding" "in &(plaintext)& authenticator" When running as a server, &(plaintext)& performs the authentication test by @@ -22917,7 +23216,7 @@ If there are more strings in &%server_prompts%& than the number of strings supplied with the AUTH command, the remaining prompts are used to obtain more data. Each response from the client may be a list of NUL-separated strings. -.cindex "&$authenticated_id$&" +.vindex "&$authenticated_id$&" Once a sufficient number of data strings have been received, &%server_condition%& is expanded. If the expansion is forced to fail, authentication fails. Any other expansion failure causes a temporary error code @@ -22934,7 +23233,7 @@ There are good and bad examples at the end of the next section. -.section "The PLAIN authentication mechanism" +.section "The PLAIN authentication mechanism" "SECID172" .cindex "PLAIN authentication mechanism" .cindex "authentication" "PLAIN mechanism" .cindex "binary zero" "in &(plaintext)& authenticator" @@ -23016,7 +23315,7 @@ always fails if its second argument is empty. However, the second way of writing the test makes the logic clearer. -.section "The LOGIN authentication mechanism" +.section "The LOGIN authentication mechanism" "SECID173" .cindex "LOGIN authentication mechanism" .cindex "authentication" "LOGIN mechanism" The LOGIN authentication mechanism is not documented in any RFC, but is in use @@ -23061,7 +23360,7 @@ LDAP level, the password is an uninterpreted string. -.section "Support for different kinds of authentication" +.section "Support for different kinds of authentication" "SECID174" A number of string expansion features are provided for the purpose of interfacing to different ways of user authentication. These include checking traditionally encrypted passwords from &_/etc/passwd_& (or equivalent), PAM, @@ -23071,7 +23370,7 @@ Radius, &%ldapauth%&, &'pwcheck'&, and &'saslauthd'&. For details see section -.section "Using plaintext in a client" +.section "Using plaintext in a client" "SECID175" .cindex "options" "&(plaintext)& authenticator (client)" The &(plaintext)& authenticator has two client options: @@ -23132,7 +23431,7 @@ prompts. . //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// . //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// -.chapter "The cram_md5 authenticator" +.chapter "The cram_md5 authenticator" "CHID9" .scindex IIDcramauth1 "&(cram_md5)& authenticator" .scindex IIDcramauth2 "authenticators" "&(cram_md5)&" .cindex "CRAM-MD5 authentication mechanism" @@ -23146,7 +23445,7 @@ secure than &(plaintext)&. However, the downside is that the secret has to be available in plain text at either end. -.section "Using cram_md5 as a server" +.section "Using cram_md5 as a server" "SECID176" .cindex "options" "&(cram_md5)& authenticator (server)" This authenticator has one server option, which must be set to configure the authenticator as a server: @@ -23176,22 +23475,23 @@ fixed_cram: server_secret = ${if eq{$auth1}{ph10}{secret}fail} server_set_id = $auth1 .endd -.cindex "&$authenticated_id$&" +.vindex "&$authenticated_id$&" If authentication succeeds, the setting of &%server_set_id%& preserves the user -name in &$authenticated_id$&. A more tyical configuration might look up the +name in &$authenticated_id$&. A more typical configuration might look up the secret string in a file, using the user name as the key. For example: .code lookup_cram: driver = cram_md5 public_name = CRAM-MD5 - server_secret = ${lookup{$auth1}lsearch{/etc/authpwd}{$value}fail} + server_secret = ${lookup{$auth1}lsearch{/etc/authpwd}\ + {$value}fail} server_set_id = $auth1 .endd Note that this expansion explicitly forces failure if the lookup fails -because &$1$& contains an unknown user name. +because &$auth1$& contains an unknown user name. -.section "Using cram_md5 as a client" +.section "Using cram_md5 as a client" "SECID177" .cindex "options" "&(cram_md5)& authenticator (client)" When used as a client, the &(cram_md5)& authenticator has two options: @@ -23207,8 +23507,8 @@ This option must be set for the authenticator to work as a client. Its value is expanded and the result used as the secret string when computing the response. -.cindex "&$host$&" -.cindex "&$host_address$&" +.vindex "&$host$&" +.vindex "&$host_address$&" Different user names and secrets can be used for different servers by referring to &$host$& or &$host_address$& in the options. Forced failure of either expansion string is treated as an indication that this authenticator is not @@ -23233,7 +23533,7 @@ fixed_cram: . //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// . //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// -.chapter "The cyrus_sasl authenticator" +.chapter "The cyrus_sasl authenticator" "CHID10" .scindex IIDcyrauth1 "&(cyrus_sasl)& authenticator" .scindex IIDcyrauth2 "authenticators" "&(cyrus_sasl)&" .cindex "Cyrus" "SASL library" @@ -23258,7 +23558,6 @@ user, and that the Cyrus SASL library has no way of escalating privileges by default. You may also find you need to set environment variables, depending on the driver you are using. -.new The application name provided by Exim is &"exim"&, so various SASL options may be set in &_exim.conf_& in your SASL directory. If you are using GSSAPI for Kerberos, note that because of limitations in the GSSAPI interface, @@ -23268,10 +23567,9 @@ implementation. For example, for Heimdal, the environment variable KRB5_KTNAME may be set to point to an alternative keytab file. Exim will pass this variable through from its own inherited environment when started as root or the Exim user. The keytab file needs to be readable by the Exim user. -.wen -.section "Using cyrus_sasl as a server" +.section "Using cyrus_sasl as a server" "SECID178" The &(cyrus_sasl)& authenticator has four private options. It puts the username (on a successful authentication) into &$auth1$&. For compatibility with previous releases of Exim, the username is also placed in &$1$&. However, the @@ -23280,16 +23578,17 @@ confusion in string expansions that also use numeric variables for other things. -.option server_hostname cyrus_sasl string&!! &`$primary_hostname`& -This option selects the hostname that is used when communicating with -the library. It is up to the underlying SASL plug-in what it does with -this data. +.option server_hostname cyrus_sasl string&!! "see below" +This option selects the hostname that is used when communicating with the +library. The default value is &`$primary_hostname`&. It is up to the underlying +SASL plug-in what it does with this data. -.option server_mech cyrus_sasl string &`public_name`& -This option selects the authentication mechanism this driver should -use. It allows you to use a different underlying mechanism from the -advertised name. For example: +.option server_mech cyrus_sasl string "see below" +This option selects the authentication mechanism this driver should use. The +default is the value of the generic &%public_name%& option. This option allows +you to use a different underlying mechanism from the advertised name. For +example: .code sasl: driver = cyrus_sasl @@ -23332,7 +23631,6 @@ but it is present in many binary distributions. . //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// . //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// -.new .chapter "The dovecot authenticator" "CHAPdovecot" .scindex IIDdcotauth1 "&(dovecot)& authenticator" .scindex IIDdcotauth2 "authenticators" "&(dovecot)&" @@ -23365,10 +23663,10 @@ If the SMTP connection is encrypted, or if &$sender_host_address$& is equal to &$received_ip_address$& (that is, the connection is local), the &"secured"& option is passed in the Dovecot authentication command. If, for a TLS connection, a client certificate has been verified, the &"valid-client-cert"& -option is passed. +option is passed. &new("When authentication succeeds, the identity of the user +who authenticated is placed in &$auth1$&.") .ecindex IIDdcotauth1 .ecindex IIDdcotauth2 -.wen . //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// @@ -23403,7 +23701,7 @@ Encryption is used to protect the password in transit. -.section "Using spa as a server" +.section "Using spa as a server" "SECID179" .cindex "options" "&(spa)& authenticator (server)" The &(spa)& authenticator has just one server option: @@ -23429,7 +23727,7 @@ failure causes a temporary error code to be returned. -.section "Using spa as a client" +.section "Using spa as a client" "SECID180" .cindex "options" "&(spa)& authenticator (client)" The &(spa)& authenticator has the following client options: @@ -23500,7 +23798,8 @@ in order to get TLS to work. -.section "Support for the legacy &""ssmtp""& (aka &""smtps""&) protocol" +.section "Support for the legacy &""ssmtp""& (aka &""smtps""&) protocol" &&& + "SECID284" .cindex "ssmtp protocol" .cindex "smtps protocol" .cindex "SMTP" "ssmtp protocol" @@ -23511,7 +23810,7 @@ waiting for a STARTTLS command from the client using the standard SMTP port. The protocol was called &"ssmtp"& or &"smtps"&, and port 465 was allocated for this purpose. -This approach was abandoned when encrypted SMTP was standardised, but there are +This approach was abandoned when encrypted SMTP was standardized, but there are still some legacy clients that use it. Exim supports these clients by means of the &%tls_on_connect_ports%& global option. Its value must be a list of port numbers; the most common use is expected to be: @@ -23558,7 +23857,7 @@ The &%tls_dhparam%& option is ignored, because early versions of GnuTLS had no facility for varying its Diffie-Hellman parameters. I understand that this has changed, but Exim has not been updated to provide this facility. .next -.cindex "&$tls_peerdn$&" +.vindex "&$tls_peerdn$&" Distinguished Name (DN) strings reported by the OpenSSL library use a slash for separating fields; GnuTLS uses commas, in accordance with RFC 2253. This affects the value of the &$tls_peerdn$& variable. @@ -23566,7 +23865,7 @@ affects the value of the &$tls_peerdn$& variable. OpenSSL identifies cipher suites using hyphens as separators, for example: DES-CBC3-SHA. GnuTLS uses underscores, for example: RSA_ARCFOUR_SHA. What is more, OpenSSL complains if underscores are present in a cipher list. To make -life simpler, Exim changes underscores to hyhens for OpenSSL and hyphens to +life simpler, Exim changes underscores to hyphens for OpenSSL and hyphens to underscores for GnuTLS when processing lists of cipher suites in the &%tls_require_ciphers%& options (the global option and the &(smtp)& transport option). @@ -23576,7 +23875,7 @@ sections &<>& and &<>&. .endlist -.section "GnuTLS parameter computation" +.section "GnuTLS parameter computation" "SECID181" GnuTLS uses RSA and D-H parameters that may take a substantial amount of time to compute. It is unreasonable to re-compute them for every TLS session. Therefore, Exim keeps this data in a file in its spool directory, called @@ -23665,58 +23964,96 @@ not be moved to the end of the list. - -.section "Requiring specific ciphers in GnuTLS" "SECTreqciphgnu" -.cindex "TLS" "requiring specific ciphers (GnuTLS)" +.new +.section "Requiring specific ciphers or other parameters in GnuTLS" &&& + "SECTreqciphgnu" +.cindex "GnuTLS" "specifying parameters for" +.cindex "TLS" "specifying ciphers (GnuTLS)" +.cindex "TLS" "specifying key exchange methods (GnuTLS)" +.cindex "TLS" "specifying MAC algorithms (GnuTLS)" +.cindex "TLS" "specifying protocols (GnuTLS)" .cindex "&%tls_require_ciphers%&" "GnuTLS" -The GnuTLS library does not have a combined function like OpenSSL. Instead, -it allows the caller to specify separate lists of key-exchange methods, -main cipher algorithms, and MAC algorithms. Unfortunately, these lists are -numerical, and the library does not have a function for turning names into -numbers. Consequently, the list of recognized names has to be built into -the application. - -At present, Exim permits only the list of main cipher algorithms to be -changed. The &%tls_require_ciphers%& option is in the same format as for -OpenSSL. Exim searches each item for the name of available algorithm. For -example, if the list contains RSA_AES_SHA then AES is recognized. - -The cipher algorithms list starts out with a default set of algorithms. If -the first item in &%tls_require_ciphers%& does &'not'& start with an -exclamation mark, all the default items are deleted. Thus, only those specified -can be used. If the first item in &%tls_require_ciphers%& &'does'& start with -an exclamation mark, the defaults are left on the list. +The GnuTLS library allows the caller to specify separate lists of permitted key +exchange methods, main cipher algorithms, MAC algorithms, and protocols. +Unfortunately, these lists are numerical, and the library does not have a +function for turning names into numbers. Consequently, lists of recognized +names have to be built into the application. The permitted key exchange +methods, ciphers, and MAC algorithms may be used in any combination to form a +cipher suite. This is unlike OpenSSL, where complete cipher suite names are +passed to its control function. + +For compatibility with OpenSSL, the &%tls_require_ciphers%& option can be set +to complete cipher suite names such as RSA_ARCFOUR_SHA, but for GnuTLS this +option controls only the cipher algorithms. Exim searches each item in the +list for the name of an available algorithm. For example, if the list +contains RSA_AES_SHA, then AES is recognized, and the behaviour is exactly +the same as if just AES were given. + +.cindex "&%gnutls_require_kx%&" +.cindex "&%gnutls_require_mac%&" +.cindex "&%gnutls_require_protocols%&" +There are additional options called &%gnutls_require_kx%&, +&%gnutls_require_mac%&, and &%gnutls_require_protocols%& that can be used to +restrict the key exchange methods, MAC algorithms, and protocols, respectively. +These options are ignored if OpenSSL is in use. + +All four options are available as global options, controlling how Exim +behaves as a server, and also as options of the &(smtp)& transport, controlling +how Exim behaves as a client. All the values are string expanded. After +expansion, the values must be colon-separated lists, though the separator +can be changed in the usual way. + +Each of the four lists starts out with a default set of algorithms. If the +first item in a list does &'not'& start with an exclamation mark, all the +default items are deleted. In this case, only those that are explicitly +specified can be used. If the first item in a list &'does'& start with an +exclamation mark, the defaults are left on the list. Then, any item that starts with an exclamation mark causes the relevant -algorithms to be removed from the list, and any item that does not start -with an exclamation mark causes the relevant algorithms to be added to the -list. Thus, +entry to be removed from the list, and any item that does not start with an +exclamation mark causes a new entry to be added to the list. Unrecognized +items in the list are ignored. Thus: .code -tls_require_ciphers = !RSA_ARCFOUR_SHA +tls_require_ciphers = !ARCFOUR .endd -allows all the defaults except those that use ARCFOUR, whereas +allows all the defaults except ARCFOUR, whereas .code tls_require_ciphers = AES : 3DES .endd -allows only cipher suites that use AES and 3DES. The currently recognized -algorithms are: AES_256, AES_128, AES (both of the preceding), 3DES, and -ARCFOUR_128. Unrecognized algorithms are ignored. In a server, the order of the -list is unimportant; the server will advertise the availability of all the -relevant cipher suites. However, in a client, the order of the list specifies a -preference order for the algorithms. The first one in the client's list that is +allows only cipher suites that use AES or 3DES. + +For &%tls_require_ciphers%& the recognized names are AES_256, AES_128, AES +(both of the preceding), 3DES, ARCFOUR_128, ARCFOUR_40, and ARCFOUR (both of +the preceding). The default list does not contain all of these; it just has +AES_256, AES_128, 3DES, and ARCFOUR_128. + +For &%gnutls_require_kx%&, the recognized names are DHE_RSA, RSA (which +includes DHE_RSA), DHE_DSS, and DHE (which includes both DHE_RSA and +DHE_DSS). The default list contains RSA, DHE_DSS, DHE_RSA. + +For &%gnutls_require_mac%&, the recognized names are SHA (synonym SHA1), and +MD5. The default list contains SHA, MD5. + +For &%gnutls_require_protocols%&, the recognized names are TLS1 and SSL3. +The default list contains TLS1, SSL3. + +In a server, the order of items in these lists is unimportant. The server +advertises the availability of all the relevant cipher suites. However, in a +client, the order in the &%tls_require_ciphers%& list specifies a preference +order for the cipher algorithms. The first one in the client's list that is also advertised by the server is tried first. The default order is as listed above. +.wen - -.section "Configuring an Exim server to use TLS" +.section "Configuring an Exim server to use TLS" "SECID182" .cindex "TLS" "configuring an Exim server" When Exim has been built with TLS support, it advertises the availability of the STARTTLS command to client hosts that match &%tls_advertise_hosts%&, but not to any others. The default value of this option is unset, which means that STARTTLS is not advertised at all. This default is chosen because you -need to set some other options in order to make TLS avaliable, and also it is +need to set some other options in order to make TLS available, and also it is sensible for systems that want to use TLS only as a client. If a client issues a STARTTLS command and there is some configuration @@ -23783,7 +24120,7 @@ forced to fail, Exim behaves as if the option is not set. .cindex "cipher" "logging" .cindex "log" "TLS cipher" -.cindex "&$tls_cipher$&" +.vindex "&$tls_cipher$&" The variable &$tls_cipher$& is set to the cipher suite that was negotiated for an incoming TLS connection. It is included in the &'Received:'& header of an incoming message (by default &-- you can, of course, change this), and it is @@ -23800,7 +24137,7 @@ documentation for more details. -.section "Requesting and verifying client certificates" +.section "Requesting and verifying client certificates" "SECID183" .cindex "certificate" "verification of client" .cindex "TLS" "client certificate verification" If you want an Exim server to request a certificate when negotiating a TLS @@ -23835,7 +24172,7 @@ fact that no certificate was verified, and vary their actions accordingly. For example, you can insist on a certificate before accepting a message for relaying, but not when the message is destined for local delivery. -.cindex "&$tls_peerdn$&" +.vindex "&$tls_peerdn$&" When a client supplies a certificate (whether it verifies or not), the value of the Distinguished Name of the certificate is made available in the variable &$tls_peerdn$& during subsequent processing of the message. @@ -23848,7 +24185,7 @@ Because it is often a long text string, it is not included in the log line or certificate is supplied, &$tls_peerdn$& is empty. -.section "Revoked certificates" +.section "Revoked certificates" "SECID184" .cindex "TLS" "revoked certificates" .cindex "revocation list" .cindex "certificate" "revocation list" @@ -23860,7 +24197,7 @@ of the option is expanded and must then be the name of a file that contains a CRL in PEM format. -.section "Configuring an Exim client to use TLS" +.section "Configuring an Exim client to use TLS" "SECID185" .cindex "cipher" "logging" .cindex "log" "TLS cipher" .cindex "log" "distinguished name" @@ -23917,8 +24254,8 @@ list of permitted cipher suites. If either of these checks fails, delivery to the current host is abandoned, and the &(smtp)& transport tries to deliver to alternative hosts, if any. -.cindex "&$host$&" -.cindex "&$host_address$&" +.vindex "&$host$&" +.vindex "&$host_address$&" All the TLS options in the &(smtp)& transport are expanded before use, with &$host$& and &$host_address$& containing the name and address of the server to which the client is connected. Forced failure of an expansion causes Exim to @@ -23982,7 +24319,7 @@ Some sample programs taken from the book are available from .endd -.section "Certificate chains" +.section "Certificate chains" "SECID186" The file named by &%tls_certificate%& may contain more than one certificate. This is useful in the case where the certificate that is being sent is validated by an intermediate certificate which the other end does @@ -23997,7 +24334,7 @@ root certificate along with the rest makes it available for the user to install if the receiving end is a client MUA that can interact with a user. -.section "Self-signed certificates" +.section "Self-signed certificates" "SECID187" .cindex "certificate" "self-signed" You can create a self-signed certificate using the &'req'& command provided with OpenSSL, like this: @@ -24047,7 +24384,6 @@ name, terminated by a colon. Here is a complete ACL section that contains just one very small ACL: .code begin acl - small_acl: accept hosts = one.host.only .endd @@ -24064,7 +24400,7 @@ a realistic ACL for checking RCPT commands. This is discussed in chapter &<>&. -.section "Testing ACLs" +.section "Testing ACLs" "SECID188" The &%-bh%& command line option provides a way of testing your ACL configuration locally by running a fake SMTP session with which you interact. The host &'relay-test.mail-abuse.org'& provides a service for checking your @@ -24072,7 +24408,7 @@ relaying configuration (see section &<>& for more details). -.section "Specifying when ACLs are used" +.section "Specifying when ACLs are used" "SECID189" .cindex "&ACL;" "options for specifying" In order to cause an ACL to be used, you have to name it in one of the relevant options in the main part of the configuration. These options are: @@ -24083,32 +24419,32 @@ options in the main part of the configuration. These options are: .cindex "HELO" "ACL for" .cindex "EHLO" "ACL for" .cindex "MAIL" "ACL for" -.cindex "QUIT" "ACL for" +.cindex "QUIT, ACL for" .cindex "RCPT" "ACL for" -.cindex "STARTTLS" "ACL for" +.cindex "STARTTLS, ACL for" .cindex "VRFY" "ACL for" -.cindex "SMTP connection" "ACL for" -.cindex "non-smtp message" "ACLs for" -.cindex "MIME parts" "ACL for" +.cindex "SMTP" "connection, ACL for" +.cindex "non-SMTP messages" "ACLs for" +.cindex "MIME content scanning" "ACL for" .table2 140pt -.row &~&%acl_not_smtp%& "ACL for non-SMTP messages" -.row &~&%acl_not_smtp_mime%& "ACL for non-SMTP MIME parts" -.row &~&%acl_not_smtp_start%& "ACL at start of non-SMTP message" -.row &~&%acl_smtp_auth%& "ACL for AUTH" -.row &~&%acl_smtp_connect%& "ACL for start of SMTP connection" -.row &~&%acl_smtp_data%& "ACL after DATA is complete" -.row &~&%acl_smtp_etrn%& "ACL for ETRN" -.row &~&%acl_smtp_expn%& "ACL for EXPN" -.row &~&%acl_smtp_helo%& "ACL for HELO or EHLO" -.row &~&%acl_smtp_mail%& "ACL for MAIL" -.row &~&%acl_smtp_mailauth%& "ACL for the AUTH parameter of MAIL" -.row &~&%acl_smtp_mime%& "ACL for content-scanning MIME parts" -.row &~&%acl_smtp_predata%& "ACL at start of DATA command" -.row &~&%acl_smtp_quit%& "ACL for QUIT" -.row &~&%acl_smtp_rcpt%& "ACL for RCPT" -.row &~&%acl_smtp_starttls%& "ACL for STARTTLS" -.row &~&%acl_smtp_vrfy%& "ACL for VRFY" +.irow &%acl_not_smtp%& "ACL for non-SMTP messages" +.irow &%acl_not_smtp_mime%& "ACL for non-SMTP MIME parts" +.irow &%acl_not_smtp_start%& "ACL at start of non-SMTP message" +.irow &%acl_smtp_auth%& "ACL for AUTH" +.irow &%acl_smtp_connect%& "ACL for start of SMTP connection" +.irow &%acl_smtp_data%& "ACL after DATA is complete" +.irow &%acl_smtp_etrn%& "ACL for ETRN" +.irow &%acl_smtp_expn%& "ACL for EXPN" +.irow &%acl_smtp_helo%& "ACL for HELO or EHLO" +.irow &%acl_smtp_mail%& "ACL for MAIL" +.irow &%acl_smtp_mailauth%& "ACL for the AUTH parameter of MAIL" +.irow &%acl_smtp_mime%& "ACL for content-scanning MIME parts" +.irow &%acl_smtp_predata%& "ACL at start of DATA command" +.irow &%acl_smtp_quit%& "ACL for QUIT" +.irow &%acl_smtp_rcpt%& "ACL for RCPT" +.irow &%acl_smtp_starttls%& "ACL for STARTTLS" +.irow &%acl_smtp_vrfy%& "ACL for VRFY" .endtable For example, if you set @@ -24124,8 +24460,8 @@ trying to deliver the message. It is therefore recommended that you do as much testing as possible at RCPT time. -.section "The non-SMTP ACLs" -.cindex "non-smtp message" "ACLs for" +.section "The non-SMTP ACLs" "SECID190" +.cindex "non-SMTP messages" "ACLs for" The non-SMTP ACLs apply to all non-interactive incoming messages, that is, they apply to batched SMTP as well as to non-SMTP messages. (Batched SMTP is not really SMTP.) Many of the ACL conditions (for example, host tests, and tests on @@ -24138,11 +24474,12 @@ in any of these ACLs. The &%acl_not_smtp_start%& ACL is run right at the start of receiving a non-SMTP message, before any of the message has been read. (This is the -analogue of the &%acl_smtp_predata%& ACL for SMTP input.) The result of this -ACL is ignored; it cannot be used to reject a message. If you really need to, -you could set a value in an ACL variable here and reject based on that in the -&%acl_not_smtp%& ACL. However, this ACL can be used to set controls, and in -particular, it can be used to set +analogue of the &%acl_smtp_predata%& ACL for SMTP input.) &new("In the case of +batched SMTP input, it runs after the DATA command has been reached.") The +result of this ACL is ignored; it cannot be used to reject a message. If you +really need to, you could set a value in an ACL variable here and reject based +on that in the &%acl_not_smtp%& ACL. However, this ACL can be used to set +controls, and in particular, it can be used to set .code control = suppress_local_fixups .endd @@ -24157,9 +24494,8 @@ kind of rejection is treated as permanent, because there is no way of sending a temporary error for these kinds of message. -.section "The SMTP connect ACL" -.new -.cindex "SMTP connection" "ACL for" +.section "The SMTP connect ACL" "SECID191" +.cindex "SMTP" "connection, ACL for" .cindex &%smtp_banner%& The ACL test specified by &%acl_smtp_connect%& happens at the start of an SMTP session, after the test specified by &%host_reject_connection%& (which is now @@ -24169,7 +24505,7 @@ the message override the banner message that is otherwise specified by the &%smtp_banner%& option. -.section "The EHLO/HELO ACL" +.section "The EHLO/HELO ACL" "SECID192" .cindex "EHLO" "ACL for" .cindex "HELO" "ACL for" The ACL test specified by &%acl_smtp_helo%& happens when the client issues an @@ -24184,10 +24520,9 @@ modifier, the message may not contain more than one line (it will be truncated at the first newline and a panic logged if it does). Such a message cannot affect the EHLO options that are listed on the second and subsequent lines of an EHLO response. -.wen -.section "The DATA ACLs" +.section "The DATA ACLs" "SECID193" .cindex "DATA" "ACLs for" Two ACLs are associated with the DATA command, because it is two-stage command, with two responses being sent to the client. @@ -24213,13 +24548,13 @@ and try again later, but that is their problem, though it does waste some of your resources. -.section "The SMTP MIME ACL" +.section "The SMTP MIME ACL" "SECID194" The &%acl_smtp_mime%& option is available only when Exim is compiled with the content-scanning extension. For details, see chapter &<>&. .section "The QUIT ACL" "SECTQUITACL" -.cindex "QUIT" "ACL for" +.cindex "QUIT, ACL for" The ACL for the SMTP QUIT command is anomalous, in that the outcome of the ACL does not affect the response code to QUIT, which is always 221. Thus, the ACL does not in fact control any access. For this reason, the only verbs that are @@ -24245,7 +24580,7 @@ connection is closed. In these special cases, the QUIT ACL does not run. -.section "Finding an ACL to use" +.section "Finding an ACL to use" "SECID195" .cindex "&ACL;" "finding which to use" The value of an &%acl_smtp_%&&'xxx'& option is expanded before use, so you can use different ACLs in different circumstances. For example, @@ -24297,7 +24632,7 @@ newlines; it is processed in the same way as an ACL that is read from a file. -.section "ACL return codes" +.section "ACL return codes" "SECID196" .cindex "&ACL;" "return codes" Except for the QUIT ACL, which does not affect the SMTP return code (see section &<>& above), the result of running an ACL is either @@ -24332,7 +24667,7 @@ recipients; it may create new recipients. -.section "Unset ACL options" +.section "Unset ACL options" "SECID197" .cindex "&ACL;" "unset options" The default actions when any of the &%acl_%&&'xxx'& options are unset are not all the same. &*Note*&: These defaults apply only when the relevant ACL is @@ -24357,13 +24692,13 @@ configuration file. -.section "Data for message ACLs" +.section "Data for message ACLs" "SECID198" .cindex "&ACL;" "data for message ACL" -.cindex &$domain$& -.cindex &$local_part$& -.cindex &$sender_address$& -.cindex &$sender_host_address$& -.cindex &$smtp_command$& +.vindex &$domain$& +.vindex &$local_part$& +.vindex &$sender_address$& +.vindex &$sender_host_address$& +.vindex &$smtp_command$& When a MAIL or RCPT ACL, or either of the DATA ACLs, is running, the variables that contain information about the host and the message's sender (for example, &$sender_host_address$& and &$sender_address$&) are set, and can be used in ACL @@ -24376,15 +24711,15 @@ contain information about the host are set, but &$sender_address$& is not yet set. Section &<>& contains a discussion of this parameter and how it is used. -.cindex "&$message_size$&" +.vindex "&$message_size$&" The &$message_size$& variable is set to the value of the SIZE parameter on the MAIL command at MAIL, RCPT and pre-data time, or to -1 if that parameter is not given. The value is updated to the true message size by the time the final DATA ACL is run (after the message data has been received). -.cindex "&$rcpt_count$&" -.cindex "&$recipients_count$&" +.vindex "&$rcpt_count$&" +.vindex "&$recipients_count$&" The &$rcpt_count$& variable increases by one for each RCPT command received. The &$recipients_count$& variable increases by one each time a RCPT command is accepted, so while an ACL for RCPT is being processed, it contains the number @@ -24398,8 +24733,8 @@ of previously accepted recipients. At DATA time (for both the DATA ACLs), .section "Data for non-message ACLs" "SECTdatfornon" .cindex "&ACL;" "data for non-message ACL" -.cindex &$smtp_command_argument$& -.cindex &$smtp_command$& +.vindex &$smtp_command_argument$& +.vindex &$smtp_command$& When an ACL is being run for AUTH, EHLO, ETRN, EXPN, HELO, STARTTLS, or VRFY, the remainder of the SMTP command line is placed in &$smtp_command_argument$&, and the entire SMTP command is available in &$smtp_command$&. @@ -24422,9 +24757,9 @@ option to do this.) -.section "Format of an ACL" +.section "Format of an ACL" "SECID199" .cindex "&ACL;" "format of" -.cindex "&ACL;" "verbs; definition of" +.cindex "&ACL;" "verbs, definition of" An individual ACL consists of a number of statements. Each statement starts with a verb, optionally followed by a number of conditions and &"modifiers"&. Modifiers can change the way the verb operates, define error and log messages, @@ -24445,11 +24780,11 @@ all the conditions make sense at every testing point. For example, you cannot test a sender address in the ACL that is run for a VRFY command. -.section "ACL verbs" +.section "ACL verbs" "SECID200" The ACL verbs are as follows: .ilist -.cindex "&%accept%&" "ACL verb" +.cindex "&%accept%& ACL verb" &%accept%&: If all the conditions are met, the ACL returns &"accept"&. If any of the conditions are not met, what happens depends on whether &%endpass%& appears among the conditions (for syntax see below). If the failing condition @@ -24467,13 +24802,12 @@ the command is accepted if verification succeeds. However, if verification fails, the ACL yields &"deny"&, because the failing condition is after &%endpass%&. -.new The &%endpass%& feature has turned out to be confusing to many people, so its use is not recommended nowadays. It is always possible to rewrite an ACL so that &%endpass%& is not needed, and it is no longer used in the default configuration. -.cindex "&%message%&" "ACL modifier, with &%accept%&" +.cindex "&%message%& ACL modifier" "with &%accept%&" If a &%message%& modifier appears on an &%accept%& statement, its action depends on whether or not &%endpass%& is present. In the absence of &%endpass%& (when an &%accept%& verb either accepts or passes control to the next @@ -24491,11 +24825,10 @@ If &%endpass%& is present in an &%accept%& statement, &%message%& specifies an error message that is used when access is denied. This behaviour is retained for backward compatibility, but current &"best practice"& is to avoid the use of &%endpass%&. -.wen .next -.cindex "&%defer%&" "ACL verb" +.cindex "&%defer%& ACL verb" &%defer%&: If all the conditions are true, the ACL returns &"defer"& which, in an SMTP session, causes a 4&'xx'& response to be given. For a non-SMTP ACL, &%defer%& is the same as &%deny%&, because there is no way of sending a @@ -24505,7 +24838,7 @@ be used in any ACL, and even for a recipient it might be a simpler approach. .next -.cindex "&%deny%&" "ACL verb" +.cindex "&%deny%& ACL verb" &%deny%&: If all the conditions are met, the ACL returns &"deny"&. If any of the conditions are not met, control is passed to the next ACL statement. For example, @@ -24516,8 +24849,7 @@ rejects commands from hosts that are on a DNS black list. .next -.new -.cindex "&%discard%&" "ACL verb" +.cindex "&%discard%& ACL verb" &%discard%&: This verb behaves like &%accept%&, except that it returns &"discard"& from the ACL instead of &"accept"&. It is permitted only on ACLs that are concerned with receiving messages. When all the conditions are true, @@ -24530,11 +24862,10 @@ do not appear in the log line when the &%log_recipients%& log selector is set. If the &%log_message%& modifier is set when &%discard%& operates, its contents are added to the line that is automatically written to the log. The &%message%& modifier operates exactly as it does for &%accept%&. -.wen .next -.cindex "&%drop%&" "ACL verb" +.cindex "&%drop%& ACL verb" &%drop%&: This verb behaves like &%deny%&, except that an SMTP connection is forcibly closed after the 5&'xx'& error message has been sent. For example: .code @@ -24545,18 +24876,23 @@ There is no difference between &%deny%& and &%drop%& for the connect-time ACL. The connection is always dropped after sending a 550 response. .next -.cindex "&%require%&" "ACL verb" +.cindex "&%require%& ACL verb" &%require%&: If all the conditions are met, control is passed to the next ACL statement. If any of the conditions are not met, the ACL returns &"deny"&. For example, when checking a RCPT command, .code -require verify = sender +.new +require message = Sender did not verify + verify = sender +.wen .endd passes control to subsequent statements only if the message's sender can be -verified. Otherwise, it rejects the command. +verified. Otherwise, it rejects the command. &new("Note the positioning of the +&%message%& modifier, before the &%verify%& condition. The reason for this is +discussed in section &<>&.") .next -.cindex "&%warn%&" "ACL verb" +.cindex "&%warn%& ACL verb" &%warn%&: If all the conditions are true, a line specified by the &%log_message%& modifier is written to Exim's main log. Control always passes to the next ACL statement. If any condition is false, the log line is not @@ -24572,14 +24908,14 @@ condition. There is more about adding header lines in section If any condition on a &%warn%& statement cannot be completed (that is, there is some sort of defer), the log line specified by &%log_message%& is not written. -&new("This does not include the case of a forced failure from a lookup, which -is considered to be a successful completion. After a defer,") no further +This does not include the case of a forced failure from a lookup, which +is considered to be a successful completion. After a defer, no further conditions or modifiers in the &%warn%& statement are processed. The incident is logged, and the ACL continues to be processed, from the next statement onwards. -.cindex "&$acl_verify_message$&" +.vindex "&$acl_verify_message$&" When one of the &%warn%& conditions is an address verification that fails, the text of the verification failure message is in &$acl_verify_message$&. If you want this logged, you must set it up explicitly. For example: @@ -24600,7 +24936,6 @@ mechanism. It is conventional to align the conditions vertically. .section "ACL variables" "SECTaclvariables" -.new .cindex "&ACL;" "variables" There are some special variables that can be set during ACL processing. They can be used to pass information between different ACLs, different invocations @@ -24616,7 +24951,7 @@ throughout an SMTP connection. They are never reset. Thus, a value that is set while receiving one message is still available when receiving the next message on the same SMTP connection. .next -The values of those variables whose names beging with &$acl_m$& persist only +The values of those variables whose names begin with &$acl_m$& persist only while a message is being received. They are reset afterwards. They are also reset by MAIL, RSET, EHLO, HELO, and after starting up a TLS session. .endlist @@ -24642,10 +24977,9 @@ error is generated. Versions of Exim before 4.64 have a limited set of numbered variables, but their names are compatible, so there is no problem with upgrading. -.wen -.section "Condition and modifier processing" +.section "Condition and modifier processing" "SECTcondmodproc" .cindex "&ACL;" "conditions; processing" .cindex "&ACL;" "modifiers; processing" An exclamation mark preceding a condition negates its result. For example: @@ -24729,8 +25063,26 @@ This modifier specifies one or more header lines that are to be added to an incoming message, assuming, of course, that the message is ultimately accepted. For details, see section &<>&. +.new +.vitem &*continue*&&~=&~<&'text'&> +.cindex "&%continue%& ACL modifier" +.cindex "database" "updating in ACL" +This modifier does nothing of itself, and processing of the ACL always +continues with the next condition or modifier. The value of &%continue%& is in +the side effects of expanding its argument. Typically this could be used to +update a database. It is really just a syntactic tidiness, to avoid having to +write rather ugly lines like this: +.display +&`condition = ${if eq{0}{`&<&'some expansion'&>&`}{true}{true}}`& +.endd +Instead, all you need is +.display +&`continue = `&<&'some expansion'&> +.endd +.wen + .vitem &*control*&&~=&~<&'text'&> -.cindex "&%control%&" "ACL modifier" +.cindex "&%control%& ACL modifier" This modifier affects the subsequent processing of the SMTP connection or of an incoming message that is accepted. The effect of the first type of control lasts for the duration of the connection, whereas the effect of the second type @@ -24743,7 +25095,9 @@ separately in section &<>&. The &%control%& modifier can be used in several different ways. For example: . ==== As this is a nested list, any displays it contains must be indented -. ==== as otherwise they are too far to the left. +. ==== as otherwise they are too far to the left. That comment applies only +. ==== when xmlto and fop are used; formatting with sdop gets it right either +. ==== way. .ilist It can be at the end of an &%accept%& statement: @@ -24788,13 +25142,16 @@ If you want to apply a control unconditionally, you can use it with a .endlist .vitem &*delay*&&~=&~<&'time'&> -.cindex "&%delay%&" "ACL modifier" -.cindex "&%-bh%& option" -This modifier causes Exim to wait for the time interval before proceeding. The -time is given in the usual Exim notation. This modifier may appear in any ACL. -The delay happens as soon as the modifier is processed. However, when testing -Exim using the &%-bh%& option, the delay is not actually imposed (an -appropriate message is output instead). +.cindex "&%delay%& ACL modifier" +.oindex "&%-bh%&" +.new +This modifier may appear in any ACL. It causes Exim to wait for the time +interval before proceeding. However, when testing Exim using the &%-bh%& +option, the delay is not actually imposed (an appropriate message is output +instead). The time is given in the usual Exim notation, and the delay happens +as soon as the modifier is processed. In an SMTP session, pending output is +flushed before the delay is imposed. +.wen Like &%control%&, &%delay%& can be used with &%accept%& or &%deny%&, for example: @@ -24818,26 +25175,34 @@ accept ... .endd .new +If &%delay%& is encountered when the SMTP PIPELINING extension is in use, +responses to several commands are no longer buffered and sent in one packet (as +they would normally be) because all output is flushed before imposing the +delay. This optimization is disabled so that a number of small delays do not +appear to the client as one large aggregated delay that might provoke an +unwanted timeout. You can, however, disable output flushing for &%delay%& by +using a &%control%& modifier to set &%no_delay_flush%&. +.wen + + .vitem &*endpass*& -.cindex "&%endpass%&" "ACL modifier" +.cindex "&%endpass%& ACL modifier" This modifier, which has no argument, is recognized only in &%accept%& and &%discard%& statements. It marks the boundary between the conditions whose failure causes control to pass to the next statement, and the conditions whose failure causes the ACL to return &"deny"&. This concept has proved to be confusing to some people, so the use of &%endpass%& is no longer recommended as &"best practice"&. See the description of &%accept%& above for more details. -.wen .vitem &*log_message*&&~=&~<&'text'&> -.cindex "&%log_message%&" "ACL modifier" +.cindex "&%log_message%& ACL modifier" This modifier sets up a message that is used as part of the log message if the ACL denies access or a &%warn%& statement's conditions are true. For example: .code require log_message = wrong cipher suite $tls_cipher encrypted = DES-CBC3-SHA .endd -.new &%log_message%& is also used when recipients are discarded by &%discard%&. For example: .display @@ -24856,9 +25221,8 @@ available for inclusion in the message. For example, the &$dnslist_$&<&'xxx'&> variables are set after a DNS black list lookup succeeds. If the expansion of &%log_message%& fails, or if the result is an empty string, the modifier is ignored. -.wen -.cindex "&$acl_verify_message$&" +.vindex "&$acl_verify_message$&" If you want to use a &%warn%& statement to log the result of an address verification, you can use &$acl_verify_message$& to include the verification error message. @@ -24868,7 +25232,7 @@ the start of the logged message. If the same warning log message is requested more than once while receiving a single email message, only one copy is actually logged. If you want to log multiple copies, use &%logwrite%& instead of &%log_message%&. In the absence of &%log_message%& and &%logwrite%&, nothing -is logged for a succesful &%warn%& statement. +is logged for a successful &%warn%& statement. If &%log_message%& is not present and there is no underlying error message (for example, from the failure of address verification), but &%message%& is present, @@ -24878,9 +25242,8 @@ both &%log_message%& and &%message%&, a default built-in message is used for logging rejections. -.new .vitem "&*log_reject_target*&&~=&~<&'log name list'&>" -.cindex "&%log_reject_target%&" "ACL modifier" +.cindex "&%log_reject_target%& ACL modifier" .cindex "logging in ACL" "specifying which log" This modifier makes it possible to specify which logs are used for messages about ACL rejections. Its argument is a colon-separated list of words that can @@ -24893,15 +25256,14 @@ ACL fragment writes no logging information when access is denied: .endd This modifier can be used in SMTP and non-SMTP ACLs. It applies to both permanent and temporary rejections. -.wen .vitem &*logwrite*&&~=&~<&'text'&> -.cindex "&%logwrite%&" "ACL modifier" +.cindex "&%logwrite%& ACL modifier" .cindex "logging in ACL" "immediate" This modifier writes a message to a log file as soon as it is encountered when processing an ACL. (Compare &%log_message%&, which, except in the case of -&%warn%& &new("and &%discard%&"), is used only if the ACL statement denies +&%warn%& and &%discard%&, is used only if the ACL statement denies access.) The &%logwrite%& modifier can be used to log special incidents in ACLs. For example: .display @@ -24920,8 +25282,7 @@ logwrite = :panic: text for panic log only .vitem &*message*&&~=&~<&'text'&> -.new -.cindex "&%message%&" "ACL modifier" +.cindex "&%message%& ACL modifier" This modifier sets up a text string that is expanded and used as a response message when an ACL statement terminates the ACL with an &"accept"&, &"deny"&, or &"defer"& response. (In the case of the &%accept%& and &%discard%& verbs, @@ -24970,9 +25331,8 @@ The text in a &%message%& modifier is literal; any quotes are taken as literals, but because the string is expanded, backslash escapes are processed anyway. If the message contains newlines, this gives rise to a multi-line SMTP response. -.wen -.cindex "&$acl_verify_message$&" +.vindex "&$acl_verify_message$&" If &%message%& is used on a statement that verifies an address, the message specified overrides any message that is generated by the verification process. However, the original message is available in the variable @@ -24991,7 +25351,7 @@ effect. .vitem &*set*&&~<&'acl_name'&>&~=&~<&'value'&> -.cindex "&%set%&" "ACL modifier" +.cindex "&%set%& ACL modifier" This modifier puts a value into one of the ACL variables (see section &<>&). .endlist @@ -25001,7 +25361,7 @@ This modifier puts a value into one of the ACL variables (see section .section "Use of the control modifier" "SECTcontrols" -.cindex "&%control%&" "ACL modifier" +.cindex "&%control%& ACL modifier" The &%control%& modifier supports the following settings: .vlist @@ -25023,13 +25383,11 @@ mechanism has been advertised is bypassed. Any configured mechanism can be used by the client. This control is permitted only in the connection and HELO ACLs. -.vitem &*control&~=&~caseful_local_part*& -See below. - -.vitem &*control&~=&~caselower_local_part*& +.vitem &*control&~=&~caseful_local_part*& &&& + &*control&~=&~caselower_local_part*& .cindex "&ACL;" "case of local part in" .cindex "case of local parts" -.cindex "&$local_part$&" +.vindex "&$local_part$&" These two controls are permitted only in the ACL specified by &%acl_smtp_rcpt%& (that is, during RCPT processing). By default, the contents of &$local_part$& are lower cased before ACL processing. If &"caseful_local_part"& is specified, @@ -25057,10 +25415,8 @@ warn control = caseful_local_part Notice that we put back the lower cased version afterwards, assuming that is what is wanted for subsequent tests. -.vitem &*control&~=&~enforce_sync*& -See below. - -.vitem &*control&~=&~no_enforce_sync*& +.vitem &*control&~=&~enforce_sync*& &&& + &*control&~=&~no_enforce_sync*& .cindex "SMTP" "synchronization checking" .cindex "synchronization checking in SMTP" These controls make it possible to be selective about when SMTP synchronization @@ -25079,7 +25435,7 @@ work with. .vitem &*control&~=&~fakedefer/*&<&'message'&> .cindex "fake defer" -.cindex "defer" "fake" +.cindex "defer, fake" This control works in exactly the same way as &%fakereject%& (described below) except that it causes an SMTP 450 response after the message data instead of a 550 response. You must take care when using &%fakedefer%& because it causes the @@ -25088,7 +25444,7 @@ use &%fakedefer%& if the message is to be delivered normally. .vitem &*control&~=&~fakereject/*&<&'message'&> .cindex "fake rejection" -.cindex "rejection" "fake" +.cindex "rejection, fake" This control is permitted only for the MAIL, RCPT, and DATA ACLs, in other words, only when an SMTP message is being received. If Exim accepts the message, instead the final 250 response, a 550 rejection message is sent. @@ -25104,7 +25460,7 @@ message is supplied, the following is used: 550-If it was a legitimate message, it may still be 550 delivered to the target recipient(s). .endd -This facilty should be used with extreme caution. +This facility should be used with extreme caution. .vitem &*control&~=&~freeze*& .cindex "frozen messages" "forcing in ACL" @@ -25119,6 +25475,21 @@ This modifier can optionally be followed by &`/no_tell`&. If the global option is told about the freezing), provided all the &*control=freeze*& modifiers that are obeyed for the current message have the &`/no_tell`& option. +.new +.vitem &*control&~=&~no_delay_flush*& +.cindex "SMTP" "output flushing, disabling for delay" +Exim normally flushes SMTP output before implementing a delay in an ACL, to +avoid unexpected timeouts in clients when the SMTP PIPELINING extension is in +use. This control, as long as it is encountered before the &%delay%& modifier, +disables such output flushing. + +.vitem &*control&~=&~no_callout_flush*& +.cindex "SMTP" "output flushing, disabling for callout" +Exim normally flushes SMTP output before performing a callout in an ACL, to +avoid unexpected timeouts in clients when the SMTP PIPELINING extension is in +use. This control, as long as it is encountered before the &%verify%& condition +that causes the callout, disables such output flushing. +.wen .vitem &*control&~=&~no_mbox_unspool*& This control is available when Exim is compiled with the content scanning @@ -25131,7 +25502,7 @@ the same SMTP connection. It is provided for debugging purposes and is unlikely to be useful in production. .vitem &*control&~=&~no_multiline_response*& -.cindex "multiline responses" "suppressing" +.cindex "multiline responses, suppressing" This control is permitted for any ACL except the one for non-SMTP messages. It seems that there are broken clients in use that cannot handle multiline SMTP responses, despite the fact that RFC 821 defined them over 20 years ago. @@ -25155,6 +25526,16 @@ line is output. The setting of the switch can, of course, be made conditional on the calling host. Its effect lasts until the end of the SMTP connection. +.new +.vitem &*control&~=&~no_pipelining*& +.cindex "PIPELINING" "suppressing advertising" +This control turns off the advertising of the PIPELINING extension to SMTP in +the current session. To be useful, it must be obeyed before Exim sends its +response to an EHLO command. Therefore, it should normally appear in an ACL +controlled by &%acl_smtp_connect%& or &%acl_smtp_helo%&. See also +&%pipelining_advertise_hosts%&. +.wen + .vitem &*control&~=&~queue_only*& .cindex "&%queue_only%&" .cindex "queueing incoming messages" @@ -25184,7 +25565,7 @@ The control applies only to the current message, not to any subsequent ones that may be received in the same SMTP connection. .vitem &*control&~=&~suppress_local_fixups*& -.cindex "submission fixups" "suppressing" +.cindex "submission fixups, suppressing" This control applies to locally submitted (non TCP/IP) messages, and is the complement of &`control`& &`=`& &`submission`&. It disables the fixups that are normally applied to locally-submitted messages. Specifically: @@ -25203,8 +25584,15 @@ passed to some scanning program, and then re-submitted for delivery. It can be used only in the &%acl_smtp_mail%&, &%acl_smtp_rcpt%&, &%acl_smtp_predata%&, and &%acl_not_smtp_start%& ACLs, because it has to be set before the message's data is read. + +.new +&*Note:*& This control applies only to the current message, not to any others +that are being submitted at the same time using &%-bs%& or &%-bS%&. +.wen .endlist vlist + +.section "Summary of message fixup control" "SECTsummesfix" All four possibilities for message fixups can be specified: .ilist @@ -25223,7 +25611,7 @@ Remotely submitted, fixups applied: use &`control`& &`=`& &`submission`&. .section "Adding header lines in ACLs" "SECTaddheadacl" .cindex "header lines" "adding in an ACL" .cindex "header lines" "position of added lines" -.cindex "&%message%&" "ACL modifier" +.cindex "&%message%& ACL modifier" The &%add_header%& modifier can be used to add one or more extra header lines to an incoming message, as in this example: .code @@ -25280,7 +25668,7 @@ condition is true. Multiple occurrences of &%add_header%& may occur in the same ACL statement. All those that are encountered before a condition fails are honoured. -.cindex "&%warn%&" "ACL verb" +.cindex "&%warn%& ACL verb" For compatibility with previous versions of Exim, a &%message%& modifier for a &%warn%& verb acts in the same way as &%add_header%&, except that it takes effect only if all the conditions are true, even if it appears before some of @@ -25335,7 +25723,7 @@ The conditions are as follows: .vitem &*acl&~=&~*&<&'name&~of&~acl&~or&~ACL&~string&~or&~file&~name&~'&> .cindex "&ACL;" "nested" .cindex "&ACL;" "indirect" -.cindex "&%acl%&" "ACL condition" +.cindex "&%acl%& ACL condition" The possible values of the argument are the same as for the &%acl_smtp_%&&'xxx'& options. The named or inline ACL is run. If it returns &"accept"& the condition is true; if it returns &"deny"& the condition is @@ -25355,7 +25743,7 @@ circumstances. For example, different ACLs can be used to handle RCPT commands for different local users or different local domains. .vitem &*authenticated&~=&~*&<&'string&~list'&> -.cindex "&%authenticated%&" "ACL condition" +.cindex "&%authenticated%& ACL condition" .cindex "authentication" "ACL checking" .cindex "&ACL;" "testing for authentication" If the SMTP connection is not authenticated, the condition is false. Otherwise, @@ -25366,10 +25754,10 @@ authenticated = * .endd .vitem &*condition&~=&~*&<&'string'&> -.cindex "&%condition%&" "ACL condition" +.cindex "&%condition%& ACL condition" .cindex "customizing" "ACL condition" .cindex "&ACL;" "customized test" -.cindex "&ACL;" "testing; customized" +.cindex "&ACL;" "testing, customized" This feature allows you to make up custom conditions. If the result of expanding the string is an empty string, the number zero, or one of the strings &"no"& or &"false"&, the condition is false. If the result is any non-zero @@ -25380,20 +25768,22 @@ ignored. The effect is to treat it as true, whether it is positive or negative. .vitem &*decode&~=&~*&<&'location'&> -.cindex "&%decode%&" "ACL condition" +.cindex "&%decode%& ACL condition" This condition is available only when Exim is compiled with the content-scanning extension, and it is allowed only in the ACL defined by &%acl_smtp_mime%&. It causes the current MIME part to be decoded into a file. -For details, see chapter &<>&. +&new("If all goes well, the condition is true. It is false only if there are +problems such as a syntax error or a memory shortage. For more details, see +chapter &<>&.") .vitem &*demime&~=&~*&<&'extension&~list'&> -.cindex "&%demime%&" "ACL condition" +.cindex "&%demime%& ACL condition" This condition is available only when Exim is compiled with the content-scanning extension. Its use is described in section &<>&. .vitem &*dnslists&~=&~*&<&'list&~of&~domain&~names&~and&~other&~data'&> -.cindex "&%dnslists%&" "ACL condition" +.cindex "&%dnslists%& ACL condition" .cindex "DNS list" "in ACL" .cindex "black list (DNS)" .cindex "&ACL;" "testing a DNS list" @@ -25404,24 +25794,22 @@ different variants of this condition to describe briefly here. See sections &<>&--&<>& for details. .vitem &*domains&~=&~*&<&'domain&~list'&> -.cindex "&%domains%&" "ACL condition" +.cindex "&%domains%& ACL condition" .cindex "domain" "ACL checking" .cindex "&ACL;" "testing a recipient domain" -.cindex "&$domain_data$&" +.vindex "&$domain_data$&" This condition is relevant only after a RCPT command. It checks that the domain of the recipient address is in the domain list. If percent-hack processing is enabled, it is done before this test is done. If the check succeeds with a lookup, the result of the lookup is placed in &$domain_data$& until the next &%domains%& test. -.new &*Note carefully*& (because many people seem to fall foul of this): you cannot use &%domains%& in a DATA ACL. -.wen .vitem &*encrypted&~=&~*&<&'string&~list'&> -.cindex "&%encrypted%&" "ACL condition" +.cindex "&%encrypted%& ACL condition" .cindex "encryption" "checking in an ACL" .cindex "&ACL;" "testing for encryption" If the SMTP connection is not encrypted, the condition is false. Otherwise, the @@ -25433,7 +25821,7 @@ encrypted = * .vitem &*hosts&~=&~*&<&'&~host&~list'&> -.cindex "&%hosts%&" "ACL condition" +.cindex "&%hosts%& ACL condition" .cindex "host" "ACL checking" .cindex "&ACL;" "testing the client host" This condition tests that the calling host matches the host list. If you have @@ -25442,11 +25830,9 @@ you should normally put the IP addresses first. For example, you could have: .code accept hosts = 10.9.8.7 : dbm;/etc/friendly/hosts .endd -.new The lookup in this example uses the host name for its key. This is implied by the lookup type &"dbm"&. (For a host address lookup you would use &"net-dbm"& and it wouldn't matter which way round you had these two items.) -.wen The reason for the problem with host names lies in the left-to-right way that Exim processes lists. It can test IP addresses without doing any DNS lookups, @@ -25465,7 +25851,7 @@ The default action on failing to find the host name is to assume that the host is not in the list, so the first &%accept%& statement fails. The second statement can then check the IP address. -.cindex "&$host_data$&" +.vindex "&$host_data$&" If a &%hosts%& condition is satisfied by means of a lookup, the result of the lookup is made available in the &$host_data$& variable. This allows you, for example, to set up a statement like this: @@ -25476,10 +25862,10 @@ message = $host_data which gives a custom error message for each denied host. .vitem &*local_parts&~=&~*&<&'local&~part&~list'&> -.cindex "&%local_parts%&" "ACL condition" +.cindex "&%local_parts%& ACL condition" .cindex "local part" "ACL checking" .cindex "&ACL;" "testing a local part" -.cindex "&$local_part_data$&" +.vindex "&$local_part_data$&" This condition is relevant only after a RCPT command. It checks that the local part of the recipient address is in the list. If percent-hack processing is enabled, it is done before this test. If the check succeeds with a lookup, the @@ -25487,7 +25873,7 @@ result of the lookup is placed in &$local_part_data$&, which remains set until the next &%local_parts%& test. .vitem &*malware&~=&~*&<&'option'&> -.cindex "&%malware%&" "ACL condition" +.cindex "&%malware%& ACL condition" .cindex "&ACL;" "virus scanning" .cindex "&ACL;" "scanning for viruses" This condition is available only when Exim is compiled with the @@ -25495,7 +25881,7 @@ content-scanning extension. It causes the incoming message to be scanned for viruses. For details, see chapter &<>&. .vitem &*mime_regex&~=&~*&<&'list&~of&~regular&~expressions'&> -.cindex "&%mime_regex%&" "ACL condition" +.cindex "&%mime_regex%& ACL condition" .cindex "&ACL;" "testing by regex matching" This condition is available only when Exim is compiled with the content-scanning extension, and it is allowed only in the ACL defined by @@ -25509,14 +25895,14 @@ This condition can be used to limit the rate at which a user or host submits messages. Details are given in section &<>&. .vitem &*recipients&~=&~*&<&'address&~list'&> -.cindex "&%recipients%&" "ACL condition" +.cindex "&%recipients%& ACL condition" .cindex "recipient" "ACL checking" .cindex "&ACL;" "testing a recipient" This condition is relevant only after a RCPT command. It checks the entire recipient address against a list of recipients. .vitem &*regex&~=&~*&<&'list&~of&~regular&~expressions'&> -.cindex "&%regex%&" "ACL condition" +.cindex "&%regex%& ACL condition" .cindex "&ACL;" "testing by regex matching" This condition is available only when Exim is compiled with the content-scanning extension, and is available only in the DATA, MIME, and @@ -25524,11 +25910,11 @@ non-SMTP ACLs. It causes the incoming message to be scanned for a match with any of the regular expressions. For details, see chapter &<>&. .vitem &*sender_domains&~=&~*&<&'domain&~list'&> -.cindex "&%sender_domains%&" "ACL condition" +.cindex "&%sender_domains%& ACL condition" .cindex "sender" "ACL checking" .cindex "&ACL;" "testing a sender domain" -.cindex "&$domain$&" -.cindex "&$sender_address_domain$&" +.vindex "&$domain$&" +.vindex "&$sender_address_domain$&" This condition tests the domain of the sender of the message against the given domain list. &*Note*&: The domain of the sender address is in &$sender_address_domain$&. It is &'not'& put in &$domain$& during the testing @@ -25541,7 +25927,7 @@ influence the sender checking. relaying, because sender addresses are easily, and commonly, forged. .vitem &*senders&~=&~*&<&'address&~list'&> -.cindex "&%senders%&" "ACL condition" +.cindex "&%senders%& ACL condition" .cindex "sender" "ACL checking" .cindex "&ACL;" "testing a sender" This condition tests the sender of the message against the given list. To test @@ -25553,14 +25939,14 @@ senders = : relaying, because sender addresses are easily, and commonly, forged. .vitem &*spam&~=&~*&<&'username'&> -.cindex "&%spam%&" "ACL condition" +.cindex "&%spam%& ACL condition" .cindex "&ACL;" "scanning for spam" This condition is available only when Exim is compiled with the content-scanning extension. It causes the incoming message to be scanned by SpamAssassin. For details, see chapter &<>&. .vitem &*verify&~=&~certificate*& -.cindex "&%verify%&" "ACL condition" +.cindex "&%verify%& ACL condition" .cindex "TLS" "client certificate verification" .cindex "certificate" "verification of client" .cindex "&ACL;" "certificate verification" @@ -25577,7 +25963,7 @@ send email. Details of how this works are given in section &<>&. .vitem &*verify&~=&~header_sender/*&<&'options'&> -.cindex "&%verify%&" "ACL condition" +.cindex "&%verify%& ACL condition" .cindex "&ACL;" "verifying sender in the header" .cindex "header lines" "verifying the sender in" .cindex "sender" "verifying in header" @@ -25603,7 +25989,7 @@ deny senders = : .endd .vitem &*verify&~=&~header_syntax*& -.cindex "&%verify%&" "ACL condition" +.cindex "&%verify%& ACL condition" .cindex "&ACL;" "verifying header syntax" .cindex "header lines" "verifying syntax" .cindex "verifying" "header syntax" @@ -25625,7 +26011,7 @@ and this condition can be used to reject such messages, though they are not as common as they used to be. .vitem &*verify&~=&~helo*& -.cindex "&%verify%&" "ACL condition" +.cindex "&%verify%& ACL condition" .cindex "&ACL;" "verifying HELO/EHLO" .cindex "HELO" "verifying" .cindex "EHLO" "verifying" @@ -25638,15 +26024,13 @@ condition is encountered. See the description of the &%helo_verify_hosts%& and &%helo_try_verify_hosts%& options for details of how to request verification independently of this condition. -.new For SMTP input that does not come over TCP/IP (the &%-bs%& command line option), this condition is always true. -.wen .vitem &*verify&~=&~not_blind*& .cindex "verifying" "not blind" -.cindex "bcc recipients" "verifying none" +.cindex "bcc recipients, verifying none" This condition checks that there are no blind (bcc) recipients in the message. Every envelope recipient must appear either in a &'To:'& header line or in a &'Cc:'& header line for this condition to be true. Local parts are checked @@ -25659,11 +26043,11 @@ recipients. This check should not be used on its own for blocking messages. .vitem &*verify&~=&~recipient/*&<&'options'&> -.cindex "&%verify%&" "ACL condition" +.cindex "&%verify%& ACL condition" .cindex "&ACL;" "verifying recipient" .cindex "recipient" "verifying" .cindex "verifying" "recipient" -.cindex "&$address_data$&" +.vindex "&$address_data$&" This condition is relevant only after a RCPT command. It verifies the current recipient. Details of address verification are given later, starting at section &<>&. After a recipient has been verified, the value @@ -25674,7 +26058,7 @@ address, and in that case, the subsequent value of &$address_data$& is the value for the child address. .vitem &*verify&~=&~reverse_host_lookup*& -.cindex "&%verify%&" "ACL condition" +.cindex "&%verify%& ACL condition" .cindex "&ACL;" "verifying host reverse lookup" .cindex "host" "verifying reverse lookup" This condition ensures that a verified host name has been looked up from the IP @@ -25688,7 +26072,7 @@ If this condition is used for a locally generated message (that is, when there is no client host involved), it always succeeds. .vitem &*verify&~=&~sender/*&<&'options'&> -.cindex "&%verify%&" "ACL condition" +.cindex "&%verify%& ACL condition" .cindex "&ACL;" "verifying sender" .cindex "sender" "verifying" .cindex "verifying" "sender" @@ -25697,8 +26081,8 @@ message has been received (the &%acl_smtp_data%& or &%acl_not_smtp%& ACLs). If the message's sender is empty (that is, this is a bounce message), the condition is true. Otherwise, the sender address is verified. -.cindex "&$address_data$&" -.cindex "&$sender_address_data$&" +.vindex "&$address_data$&" +.vindex "&$sender_address_data$&" If there is data in the &$address_data$& variable at the end of routing, its value is placed in &$sender_address_data$& at the end of verification. This value can be used in subsequent conditions and modifiers in the same ACL @@ -25710,7 +26094,7 @@ Details of verification are given later, starting at section to avoid doing it more than once per message. .vitem &*verify&~=&~sender=*&<&'address'&>&*/*&<&'options'&> -.cindex "&%verify%&" "ACL condition" +.cindex "&%verify%& ACL condition" This is a variation of the previous option, in which a modified address is verified as a sender. .endlist @@ -25777,7 +26161,7 @@ connections (but your local name server cache should be active). -.section "Specifying the IP address for a DNS list lookup" +.section "Specifying the IP address for a DNS list lookup" "SECID201" .cindex "DNS list" "keyed by explicit IP address" By default, the IP address that is used in a DNS list lookup is the IP address of the calling host. However, you can specify another IP address by listing it @@ -25793,7 +26177,7 @@ MX hosts or nameservers of an email sender address. For an example, see section -.section "DNS lists keyed on domain names" +.section "DNS lists keyed on domain names" "SECID202" .cindex "DNS list" "keyed by domain name" There are some lists that are keyed on domain names rather than inverted IP addresses (see for example the &'domain based zones'& link at @@ -25888,7 +26272,7 @@ domain's mail servers are on the Spamhaus black list. -.section "Data returned by DNS lists" +.section "Data returned by DNS lists" "SECID203" .cindex "DNS list" "data returned from" DNS lists are constructed using address records in the DNS. The original RBL just used the address 127.0.0.1 on the right hand side of each record, but the @@ -25903,18 +26287,15 @@ The values used on the RBL+ list are: 127.1.0.6 RSS and DUL 127.1.0.7 RSS and DUL and RBL .endd -.new Section &<>& below describes how you can distinguish between -different values. Some DNS lists may return more than one address record; they -are all checked. -.wen +different values. Some DNS lists may return more than one address record; +&new("see section &<>& for details of how they are checked.") -.section "Variables set from DNS lists" -.new +.section "Variables set from DNS lists" "SECID204" .cindex "DNS list" "variables set from" -.cindex "&$dnslist_domain$&" -.cindex "&$dnslist_text$&" -.cindex "&$dnslist_value$&" +.vindex "&$dnslist_domain$&" +.vindex "&$dnslist_text$&" +.vindex "&$dnslist_value$&" When an entry is found in a DNS list, the variable &$dnslist_domain$& contains the name of the domain that matched, and &$dnslist_value$& contains the data from the entry. If more than one address record is returned by the DNS @@ -25923,7 +26304,6 @@ commas and spaces. The variable &$dnslist_text$& contains the contents of any associated TXT record. For lists such as RBL+ the TXT record for a merged entry is often not very meaningful. See section &<>& for a way of obtaining more information. -.wen You can use the DNS list variables in &%message%& or &%log_message%& modifiers &-- although these appear before the condition in the ACL, they are not @@ -25946,8 +26326,9 @@ For example, deny dnslists = rblplus.mail-abuse.org=127.0.0.2 .endd rejects only those hosts that yield 127.0.0.2. Without this additional data, -any address record is considered to be a match. If more than one address record -is found on the list, they are all checked for a matching right-hand side. +any address record is considered to be a match. &new("For the moment, we assume +that the DNS lookup returns just one record. Section &<>& +describes how multiple records are handled.") More than one IP address may be given for checking, using a comma as a separator. These are alternatives &-- if any one of them matches, the @@ -25982,7 +26363,7 @@ an odd number. -.section "Negated DNS matching conditions" +.section "Negated DNS matching conditions" "SECID205" You can supply a negative list of IP addresses as part of a &%dnslists%& condition. Whereas .code @@ -26026,7 +26407,74 @@ deny dnslists = relays.ordb.org which is less clear, and harder to maintain. + + .new +.section "Handling multiple DNS records from a DNS list" "SECThanmuldnsrec" +A DNS lookup for a &%dnslists%& condition may return more than one DNS record, +thereby providing more than one IP address. When an item in a &%dnslists%& list +is followed by &`=`& or &`&&`& and a list of IP addresses, in order to restrict +the match to specific results from the DNS lookup, there are two ways in which +the checking can be handled. For example, consider the condition: +.code +dnslists = a.b.c=127.0.0.1 +.endd +What happens if the DNS lookup for the incoming IP address yields both +127.0.0.1 and 127.0.0.2 by means of two separate DNS records? Is the +condition true because at least one given value was found, or is it false +because at least one of the found values was not listed? And how does this +affect negated conditions? Both possibilities are provided for with the help of +additional separators &`==`& and &`=&&`&. + +.ilist +If &`=`& or &`&&`& is used, the condition is true if any one of the looked up +IP addresses matches one of the listed addresses. For the example above, the +condition is true because 127.0.0.1 matches. +.next +If &`==`& or &`=&&`& is used, the condition is true only if every one of the +looked up IP addresses matches one of the listed addresses. If the condition is +changed to: +.code +dnslists = a.b.c==127.0.0.1 +.endd +and the DNS lookup yields both 127.0.0.1 and 127.0.0.2, the condition is +false because 127.0.0.2 is not listed. You would need to have: +.code +dnslists = a.b.c==127.0.0.1,127.0.0.2 +.endd +for the condition to be true. +.endlist + +When &`!`& is used to negate IP address matching, it inverts the result, giving +the precise opposite of the behaviour above. Thus: +.ilist +If &`!=`& or &`!&&`& is used, the condition is true if none of the looked up IP +addresses matches one of the listed addresses. Consider: +.code +dnslists = a.b.c!&0.0.0.1 +.endd +If the DNS lookup yields both 127.0.0.1 and 127.0.0.2, the condition is +false because 127.0.0.1 matches. +.next +If &`!==`& or &`!=&&`& is used, the condition is true there is at least one +looked up IP address that does not match. Consider: +.code +dnslists = a.b.c!=&0.0.0.1 +.endd +If the DNS lookup yields both 127.0.0.1 and 127.0.0.2, the condition is +true, because 127.0.0.2 does not match. You would need to have: +.code +dnslists = a.b.c!=&0.0.0.1,0.0.0.2 +.endd +for the condition to be false. +.endlist +When the DNS lookup yields only a single IP address, there is no difference +between &`=`& and &`==`& and between &`&&`& and &`=&&`&. +.wen + + + + .section "Detailed information from merged DNS lists" "SECTmordetinf" .cindex "DNS list" "information from merged" When the facility for restricting the matching IP values in a DNS list is used, @@ -26047,7 +26495,7 @@ a check that the IP being tested is indeed on the first list. The first domain is the one that is put in &$dnslist_domain$&. For example: .code reject message = \ - rejected because $sender_ip_address is blacklisted \ + rejected because $sender_host_address is blacklisted \ at $dnslist_domain\n$dnslist_text dnslists = \ sbl.spamhaus.org,sbl-xbl.spamhaus.org=127.0.0.2 : \ @@ -26073,7 +26521,6 @@ reject dnslists = \ In this case there is one lookup in &'dnsbl.sorbs.net'&, and if none of the IP values matches (or if no record is found), this is the only lookup that is done. Only if there is a match is one of the more specific lists consulted. -.wen @@ -26200,8 +26647,8 @@ ln(peakrate/maxrate) The &%leaky%& option means that the client's recorded rate is not updated if it is above the limit. The effect of this is that Exim measures the client's average rate of successfully sent email, which cannot be greater than the -maximum. If the client is over the limit it &new("may suffer some -counter-measures (as specified in the ACL)"), but it will still be able to send +maximum. If the client is over the limit it may suffer some +counter-measures (as specified in the ACL), but it will still be able to send email at the configured maximum rate, whatever the rate of its attempts. This is generally the better choice if you have clients that retry automatically. @@ -26286,9 +26733,9 @@ discussion in section &<>&. .endlist .cindex "verifying address" "differentiating failures" -.cindex "&$recipient_verify_failure$&" -.cindex "&$sender_verify_failure$&" -.cindex "&$acl_verify_message$&" +.vindex "&$recipient_verify_failure$&" +.vindex "&$sender_verify_failure$&" +.vindex "&$acl_verify_message$&" After an address verification failure, &$acl_verify_message$& contains the error message that is associated with the failure. It can be preserved by coding like this: @@ -26360,7 +26807,6 @@ router that does not set up hosts routes to an &(smtp)& transport with a &%hosts_override%& set, its hosts are always used, whether or not the router supplies a host list. -.new The port that is used is taken from the transport, if it is specified and is a remote transport. (For routers that do verification only, no transport need be specified.) Otherwise, the default SMTP port is used. If a remote transport @@ -26378,7 +26824,6 @@ following SMTP commands are sent: &`RCPT TO:`&<&'the address to be tested'&> &`QUIT`& .endd -.wen LHLO is used instead of HELO if the transport's &%protocol%& option is set to &"lmtp"&. @@ -26395,6 +26840,13 @@ Exim tries the next host, if any. If there is a problem with all the remote hosts, the ACL yields &"defer"&, unless the &%defer_ok%& parameter of the &%callout%& option is given, in which case the condition is forced to succeed. +.new +.cindex "SMTP" "output flushing, disabling for callout" +A callout may take a little time. For this reason, Exim normally flushes SMTP +output before performing a callout in an ACL, to avoid unexpected timeouts in +clients when the SMTP PIPELINING extension is in use. The flushing can be +disabled by using a &%control%& modifier to set &%no_callout_flush%&. +.wen @@ -26413,19 +26865,19 @@ deprecated. The additional parameters for &%callout%& are as follows: .vlist .vitem <&'a&~time&~interval'&> -.cindex "callout timeout" "specifying" +.cindex "callout" "timeout, specifying" This specifies the timeout that applies for the callout attempt to each host. For example: .code verify = sender/callout=5s .endd The default is 30 seconds. The timeout is used for each response from the -remote host. It is also used for the intial connection, unless overridden by +remote host. It is also used for the initial connection, unless overridden by the &%connect%& parameter. .vitem &*connect&~=&~*&<&'time&~interval'&> -.cindex "callout connection timeout" "specifying" +.cindex "callout" "connection timeout, specifying" This parameter makes it possible to set a different (usually smaller) timeout for making the SMTP connection. For example: .code @@ -26434,7 +26886,7 @@ verify = sender/callout=5s,connect=1s If not specified, this timeout defaults to the general timeout value. .vitem &*defer_ok*& -.cindex "callout defer" "action on" +.cindex "callout" "defer, action on" When this parameter is present, failure to contact any host, or any other kind of temporary error, is treated as success by the ACL. However, the cache is not updated in this circumstance. @@ -26464,7 +26916,7 @@ This parameter is available only for the &%header_sender%& verification option. .vitem &*maxwait&~=&~*&<&'time&~interval'&> -.cindex "callout overall timeout" "specifying" +.cindex "callout" "overall timeout, specifying" This parameter sets an overall timeout for performing a callout verification. For example: .code @@ -26478,13 +26930,13 @@ very long delays if there are a large number of hosts and all are timing out .vitem &*no_cache*& -.cindex "callout cache" "suppressing" -.cindex "caching callout" "suppressing" +.cindex "callout" "cache, suppressing" +.cindex "caching callout, suppressing" When this parameter is given, the callout cache is neither read nor updated. .vitem &*postmaster*& .cindex "callout" "postmaster; checking" -When this parameter is set, a sucessful callout check is followed by a similar +When this parameter is set, a successful callout check is followed by a similar check for the local part &'postmaster'& at the same domain. If this address is rejected, the callout fails (but see &%fullpostmaster%& above). The result of the postmaster check is recorded in a cache record; if it is a failure, this is @@ -26530,7 +26982,7 @@ This parameter applies to recipient callouts only. For example: .code deny !verify = recipient/callout=use_postmaster .endd -.cindex "&$qualify_domain$&" +.vindex "&$qualify_domain$&" It causes a non-empty postmaster address to be used in the MAIL command when performing the callout for the recipient, and also for a &"random"& check if that is configured. The local part of the address is &`postmaster`& and the @@ -26574,7 +27026,7 @@ actual callouts are performed than when an empty sender or postmaster is used. .section "Callout caching" "SECTcallvercache" .cindex "hints database" "callout cache" -.cindex "callout" "caching" +.cindex "callout" "cache, description of" .cindex "caching" "callout" Exim caches the results of callouts in order to reduce the amount of resources used, unless you specify the &%no_cache%& parameter with the &%callout%& @@ -26681,12 +27133,10 @@ require verify = recipient/success_on_redirect/callout=10s In this example, verification succeeds if a router generates a new address, and the callout does not occur, because no address was routed to a remote host. -.new When verification is being tested via the &%-bv%& option, the treatment of redirections is as just described, unless the &%-v%& or any debugging option is also specified. In that case, full verification is done for every generated address and a report is output for each of them. -.wen @@ -26766,7 +27216,7 @@ authorization required but absent, or &"?"& for unknown. .section "Bounce address tag validation" "SECTverifyPRVS" -.cindex "BATV" "verifying" +.cindex "BATV, verifying" Bounce address tag validation (BATV) is a scheme whereby the envelope senders of outgoing messages have a cryptographic, timestamped &"tag"& added to them. Genuine incoming bounce messages should therefore always be addressed to @@ -26795,7 +27245,7 @@ list called &%batv_senders%&. Then, in the ACL for RCPT commands, you could use this: .code # Bounces: drop unsigned addresses for BATV senders -deny message = This address does not send an unsigned reverse path. +deny message = This address does not send an unsigned reverse path senders = : recipients = +batv_senders @@ -26992,7 +27442,7 @@ EXPERIMENTAL_ in &_Local/Makefile_&. Such features are not documented in this manual. You can find out about them by reading the file called &_doc/experimental.txt_&. -All the content-scanning facilites work on a MBOX copy of the message that is +All the content-scanning facilities work on a MBOX copy of the message that is temporarily created in a file called: .display <&'spool_directory'&>&`/scan/`&<&'message_id'&>/<&'message_id'&>&`.eml`& @@ -27085,7 +27535,6 @@ For example, Sophos Sweep reports a virus on a line like this: .code Virus 'W32/Magistr-B' found in file ./those.bat .endd -.new For the trigger expression, we can match the phrase &"found in file"&. For the name expression, we want to extract the W32/Magistr-B string, so we can match for the single quotes left and right of it. Altogether, this makes the @@ -27186,7 +27635,7 @@ You can append &`/defer_ok`& to the &%malware%& condition to accept messages even if there is a problem with the virus scanner. Otherwise, such a problem causes the ACL to defer. -.cindex "&$malware_name$&" +.vindex "&$malware_name$&" When a virus is found, the condition sets up an expansion variable called &$malware_name$& that contains the name of the virus. You can use it in a &%message%& modifier that specifies the error returned to the sender, and/or in @@ -27228,7 +27677,7 @@ deny message = This message contains malware ($malware_name) .section "Scanning with SpamAssassin" "SECTscanspamass" .cindex "content scanning" "for spam" .cindex "spam scanning" -.cindex "SpamAssassin" "scanning with" +.cindex "SpamAssassin" The &%spam%& ACL condition calls SpamAssassin's &%spamd%& daemon to get a spam score and a report for the message. You can get SpamAssassin at &url(http://www.spamassassin.org), or, if you have a working Perl @@ -27273,13 +27722,12 @@ condition defers. multiple &%spamd%& servers. -.section "Calling SpamAssassin from an Exim ACL" +.section "Calling SpamAssassin from an Exim ACL" "SECID206" Here is a simple example of the use of the &%spam%& condition in a DATA ACL: .code deny message = This message was classified as SPAM spam = joe .endd -.new The right-hand side of the &%spam%& condition specifies a name. This is relevant if you have set up multiple SpamAssassin profiles. If you do not want to scan using a specific profile, but rather use the SpamAssassin system-wide @@ -27296,11 +27744,10 @@ are not set. The right-hand side of the &%spam%& condition is expanded before being used, so you can put lookups or conditions there. When the right-hand side evaluates to &"0"& or &"false"&, no scanning is done and the condition fails immediately. -.wen Scanning with SpamAssassin uses a lot of resources. If you scan every message, -large ones may cause significant performance degredation. As most spam messages +large ones may cause significant performance degradation. As most spam messages are quite small, it is recommended that you do not scan the big ones. For example: .code @@ -27409,8 +27856,8 @@ At the start of a MIME ACL, a number of variables are set from the header information for the relevant MIME part. These are described below. The contents of the MIME part are not by default decoded into a disk file except for MIME parts whose content-type is &"message/rfc822"&. If you want to decode a MIME -part into a disk file, you can use the &%decode%& modifier. The general syntax -is: +part into a disk file, you can use the &%decode%& condition. The general +syntax is: .display &`decode = [/`&<&'path'&>&`/]`&<&'filename'&> .endd @@ -27433,7 +27880,8 @@ the full path and file name. If the string does not start with a slash, it is used as the filename, and the default path is then used. .endlist - +&new("The &%decode%& condition normally succeeds. It is only false for syntax +errors or unusual circumstances such as memory shortages.") You can easily decode a file with its original, proposed filename using .code decode = $mime_filename @@ -27530,7 +27978,7 @@ found, this variable contains the empty string. .vitem &$mime_is_coverletter$& This variable attempts to differentiate the &"cover letter"& of an e-mail from -attached data. It can be used to clamp down on flashy or unneccessarily encoded +attached data. It can be used to clamp down on flashy or unnecessarily encoded content in the cover letter, while not restricting attachments at all. The variable contains 1 (true) for a MIME part believed to be part of the @@ -27636,7 +28084,7 @@ The &%demime%& condition unpacks MIME containers in the message. It detects errors in MIME containers and can match file extensions found in the message against a list. Using this facility produces files containing the unpacked MIME parts of the message in the temporary scan directory. If you do antivirus -scanning, it is recommened that you use the &%demime%& condition before the +scanning, it is recommended that you use the &%demime%& condition before the antivirus (&%malware%&) condition. On the right-hand side of the &%demime%& condition you can pass a @@ -27659,21 +28107,21 @@ The &%demime%& condition set the following variables: .vlist .vitem &$demime_errorlevel$& -.cindex "&$demime_errorlevel$&" +.vindex "&$demime_errorlevel$&" When an error is detected in a MIME container, this variable contains the severity of the error, as an integer number. The higher the value, the more severe the error (the current maximum value is 3). If this variable is unset or zero, no error occurred. .vitem &$demime_reason$& -.cindex "&$demime_reason$&" +.vindex "&$demime_reason$&" When &$demime_errorlevel$& is greater than zero, this variable contains a human-readable text string describing the MIME error that occurred. .endlist .vlist .vitem &$found_extension$& -.cindex "&$found_extension$&" +.vindex "&$found_extension$&" When the &%demime%& condition is true, this variable contains the file extension it found. .endlist @@ -27746,7 +28194,7 @@ code. The incident is logged on the main and reject logs. -.section "Building Exim to use a local scan function" +.section "Building Exim to use a local scan function" "SECID207" .cindex "&[local_scan()]& function" "building Exim to use" To make use of the local scan function feature, you must tell Exim where your function is before building Exim, by setting LOCAL_SCAN_SOURCE in your @@ -27817,7 +28265,7 @@ The function must return an &%int%& value which is one of the following macros: .vlist .vitem &`LOCAL_SCAN_ACCEPT`& -.cindex "&$local_scan_data$&" +.vindex "&$local_scan_data$&" The message is accepted. If you pass back a string of text, it is saved with the message, and made available in the variable &$local_scan_data$&. No newlines are permitted (if there are any, they are turned into spaces) and the @@ -27927,7 +28375,7 @@ This is the same as &%opt_int%&, except that when such a value is output in a printed with the suffix K or M. .vitem &*opt_octint*& -This also specifies an integer, but the value is always interpeted as an +This also specifies an integer, but the value is always interpreted as an octal integer, whether or not it starts with the digit zero, and it is always output in octal. @@ -27945,12 +28393,13 @@ out the values of all the &[local_scan()]& options. -.section "Available Exim variables" +.section "Available Exim variables" "SECID208" .cindex "&[local_scan()]& function" "available Exim variables" The header &_local_scan.h_& gives you access to a number of C variables. These are the only ones that are guaranteed to be maintained from release to release. -Note, however, that you can obtain the value of any Exim variable by calling -&'expand_string()'&. The exported variables are as follows: +Note, however, that you can obtain the value of any Exim variable, +&new("including &$recipients$&,") by calling &'expand_string()'&. The exported +variables are as follows: .vlist .vitem &*unsigned&~int&~debug_selector*& @@ -27998,11 +28447,9 @@ The IP address of the interface that received the message, as a string. This is NULL for locally submitted messages. .vitem &*int&~interface_port*& -.new The port on which this message was received. When testing with the &%-bh%& command line option, the value of this variable is -1 unless a port has been specified via the &%-oMi%& option. -.wen .vitem &*uschar&~*message_id*& This variable contains Exim's message id for the incoming message (the value of @@ -28020,8 +28467,8 @@ The number of accepted recipients. The list of accepted recipients, held in a vector of length &%recipients_count%&. The &%recipient_item%& structure is discussed below. You can add additional recipients by calling &'receive_add_recipient()'& (see -below). You can delete recipients by removing them from the vector and adusting -the value in &%recipients_count%&. In particular, by setting +below). You can delete recipients by removing them from the vector and +adjusting the value in &%recipients_count%&. In particular, by setting &%recipients_count%& to zero you remove all recipients. If you then return the value &`LOCAL_SCAN_ACCEPT`&, the message is accepted, but immediately blackholed. To replace the recipients, you can set &%recipients_count%& to zero @@ -28056,7 +28503,7 @@ requests. See section &<>& for details. .endlist -.section "Structure of header lines" +.section "Structure of header lines" "SECID209" The &%header_line%& structure contains the members listed below. You can add additional header lines by calling the &'header_add()'& function (see below). You can cause header lines to be ignored (deleted) by setting @@ -28086,7 +28533,7 @@ a zero byte. Internal newlines are preserved. -.section "Structure of recipient items" +.section "Structure of recipient items" "SECID210" The &%recipient_item%& structure contains these members: .vlist @@ -28110,7 +28557,7 @@ is NULL for all recipients. -.section "Available Exim functions" +.section "Available Exim functions" "SECID211" .cindex "&[local_scan()]& function" "available Exim functions" The header &_local_scan.h_& gives you access to a number of Exim functions. These are the only ones that are guaranteed to be maintained from release to @@ -28300,7 +28747,7 @@ expected to be .code lss_match_host(sender_host_name, sender_host_address, ...) .endd -.cindex "&$sender_host_address$&" +.vindex "&$sender_host_address$&" An empty address field matches an empty item in the host list. If the host name is NULL, the name corresponding to &$sender_host_address$& is automatically looked up if a host name is required to match an item in the list. The return @@ -28500,8 +28947,8 @@ If you want your filter to do something only once per message, you can make use of the &%first_delivery%& condition in an &%if%& command in the filter to prevent it happening on retries. -.cindex "&$domain$&" -.cindex "&$local_part$&" +.vindex "&$domain$&" +.vindex "&$local_part$&" &*Warning*&: Because the system filter runs just once, variables that are specific to individual recipient addresses, such as &$local_part$& and &$domain$&, are not set, and the &"personal"& condition is not meaningful. If @@ -28510,7 +28957,7 @@ independently, you can do so by setting up a suitable &(redirect)& router, as described in section &<>& below. -.section "Specifying a system filter" +.section "Specifying a system filter" "SECID212" .cindex "uid (user id)" "system filter" .cindex "gid (group id)" "system filter" The name of the file that contains the system filter must be specified by @@ -28529,7 +28976,7 @@ specified by setting &%system_filter_file_transport%& and by the &%reply%& command. -.section "Testing a system filter" +.section "Testing a system filter" "SECID213" You can run simple tests of a system filter in the same way as for a user filter, but you should use &%-bF%& rather than &%-bf%&, so that features that are permitted only in system filters are recognized. @@ -28539,7 +28986,7 @@ you can use both &%-bF%& and &%-bf%& on the same command line. -.section "Contents of a system filter" +.section "Contents of a system filter" "SECID214" The language used to specify system filters is the same as for users' filter files. It is described in the separate end-user document &'Exim's interface to mail filtering'&. However, there are some additional features that are @@ -28568,15 +29015,15 @@ to which users' filter files can refer. -.section "Additional variable for system filters" -.cindex "&$recipients$&" +.section "Additional variable for system filters" "SECID215" +.vindex "&$recipients$&" The expansion variable &$recipients$&, containing a list of all the recipients of the message (separated by commas and white space), is available in system filters. It is not available in users' filters for privacy reasons. -.section "Defer, freeze, and fail commands for system filters" +.section "Defer, freeze, and fail commands for system filters" "SECID216" .cindex "freezing messages" .cindex "message" "freezing" .cindex "message" "forced failure" @@ -28719,7 +29166,7 @@ headers remove "Old-Subject" -.section "Setting an errors address in a system filter" +.section "Setting an errors address in a system filter" "SECID217" .cindex "envelope sender" In a system filter, if a &%deliver%& command is followed by .code @@ -28738,8 +29185,8 @@ address if its delivery failed. .section "Per-address filtering" "SECTperaddfil" -.cindex "&$domain$&" -.cindex "&$local_part$&" +.vindex "&$domain$&" +.vindex "&$local_part$&" In contrast to the system filter, which is run just once per message for each delivery attempt, it is also possible to set up a system-wide filtering operation that runs once for each recipient address. In this case, variables @@ -28809,7 +29256,7 @@ that there are appropriate entries in your ACLs. Processing that happens automatically for locally-originated messages (unless &%suppress_local_fixups%& is set) can also be requested for messages that are received over TCP/IP. The term &"submission mode"& is used to describe this -state. Submisssion mode is set by the modifier +state. Submission mode is set by the modifier .code control = submission .endd @@ -28920,7 +29367,7 @@ line. -.section "Unqualified addresses" +.section "Unqualified addresses" "SECID218" .cindex "unqualified addresses" .cindex "address" "qualification" By default, Exim expects every envelope address it receives from an external @@ -28930,7 +29377,7 @@ messages from MUAs running on personal workstations, there is sometimes a requirement to accept unqualified addresses from specific hosts or IP networks. Exim has two options that separately control which hosts may send unqualified -sender or receipient addresses in SMTP commands, namely +sender or recipient addresses in SMTP commands, namely &%sender_unqualified_hosts%& and &%recipient_unqualified_hosts%&. In both cases, if an unqualified address is accepted, it is qualified by adding the value of &%qualify_domain%& or &%qualify_recipient%&, as appropriate. @@ -28947,7 +29394,7 @@ other words, such qualification is also controlled by -.section "The UUCP From line" +.section "The UUCP From line" "SECID219" .cindex "&""From""& line" .cindex "UUCP" "&""From""& line" .cindex "sender" "address" @@ -28991,7 +29438,7 @@ incoming SMTP message from a source that is not permitted to send them. -.section "Resent- header lines" +.section "Resent- header lines" "SECID220" .cindex "&%Resent-%& header lines" RFC 2822 makes provision for sets of header lines starting with the string &`Resent-`& to be added to a message when it is resent by the original @@ -29032,14 +29479,14 @@ The logic for adding &'Sender:'& is duplicated for &'Resent-Sender:'& when any -.section "The Auto-Submitted: header line" +.section "The Auto-Submitted: header line" "SECID221" Whenever Exim generates an autoreply, a bounce, or a delay warning message, it includes the header line: .code Auto-Submitted: auto-replied .endd -.section "The Bcc: header line" +.section "The Bcc: header line" "SECID222" .cindex "&'Bcc:'& header line" If Exim is called with the &%-t%& option, to take recipient addresses from a message's header, it removes any &'Bcc:'& header line that may exist (after @@ -29047,13 +29494,13 @@ extracting its addresses). If &%-t%& is not present on the command line, any existing &'Bcc:'& is not removed. -.section "The Date: header line" +.section "The Date: header line" "SECID223" .cindex "&'Date:'& header line" If a locally-generated or submission-mode message has no &'Date:'& header line, Exim adds one, using the current date and time, unless the &%suppress_local_fixups%& control has been specified. -.section "The Delivery-date: header line" +.section "The Delivery-date: header line" "SECID224" .cindex "&'Delivery-date:'& header line" .cindex "&%delivery_date_remove%&" &'Delivery-date:'& header lines are not part of the standard RFC 2822 header @@ -29064,7 +29511,7 @@ set (the default), Exim removes &'Delivery-date:'& header lines from incoming messages. -.section "The Envelope-to: header line" +.section "The Envelope-to: header line" "SECID225" .cindex "&'Envelope-to:'& header line" .cindex "&%envelope_to_remove%&" &'Envelope-to:'& header lines are not part of the standard RFC 2822 header set. @@ -29087,10 +29534,10 @@ adds one if either of the following conditions is true: The envelope sender address is not empty (that is, this is not a bounce message). The added header line copies the envelope sender address. .next -.cindex "&$authenticated_id$&" +.vindex "&$authenticated_id$&" The SMTP session is authenticated and &$authenticated_id$& is not empty. .olist -.cindex "&$qualify_domain$&" +.vindex "&$qualify_domain$&" If no domain is specified by the submission control, the local part is &$authenticated_id$& and the domain is &$qualify_domain$&. .next @@ -29118,7 +29565,7 @@ user, this is replaced by an address containing the user's login name and full name as described in section &<>&. -.section "The Message-ID: header line" +.section "The Message-ID: header line" "SECID226" .cindex "&'Message-ID:'& header line" .cindex "message" "submission" .cindex "&%message_id_header_text%&" @@ -29133,7 +29580,7 @@ in this header line by setting the &%message_id_header_text%& and/or &%message_id_header_domain%& options. -.section "The Received: header line" +.section "The Received: header line" "SECID227" .cindex "&'Received:'& header line" A &'Received:'& header line is added at the start of every message. The contents are defined by the &%received_header_text%& configuration option, and @@ -29149,7 +29596,7 @@ changed to the time of acceptance, which is (apart from a small delay while the -H spool file is written) the earliest time at which delivery could start. -.section "The References: header line" +.section "The References: header line" "SECID228" .cindex "&'References:'& header line" Messages created by the &(autoreply)& transport include a &'References:'& header line. This is constructed according to the rules that are described in @@ -29163,7 +29610,7 @@ incoming message. If there are more than 12, the first one and then the final -.section "The Return-path: header line" +.section "The Return-path: header line" "SECID229" .cindex "&'Return-path:'& header line" .cindex "&%return_path_remove%&" &'Return-path:'& header lines are defined as something an MTA may insert when @@ -29204,13 +29651,13 @@ received over TCP/IP or for messages submitted by trusted users. However, when a message is received over TCP/IP in submission mode, and &%sender_retain%& is not specified on the submission control, the following processing takes place: -.cindex "&$authenticated_id$&" +.vindex "&$authenticated_id$&" First, any existing &'Sender:'& lines are removed. Then, if the SMTP session is authenticated, and &$authenticated_id$& is not empty, a sender address is created as follows: .ilist -.cindex "&$qualify_domain$&" +.vindex "&$qualify_domain$&" If no domain is specified by the submission control, the local part is &$authenticated_id$& and the domain is &$qualify_domain$&. .next @@ -29365,7 +29812,7 @@ is, with codes greater than 127) count as printing characters or not. -.section "Case of local parts" +.section "Case of local parts" "SECID230" .cindex "case of local parts" .cindex "local part" "case of" RFC 2822 states that the case of letters in the local parts of addresses cannot @@ -29397,7 +29844,7 @@ local parts with the correct case in a case-sensitive manner. -.section "Dots in local parts" +.section "Dots in local parts" "SECID231" .cindex "dot" "in local part" .cindex "local part" "dots in" RFC 2822 forbids empty components in local parts. That is, an unquoted local @@ -29407,7 +29854,7 @@ empty components for compatibility. -.section "Rewriting addresses" +.section "Rewriting addresses" "SECID232" .cindex "rewriting" "addresses" Rewriting of sender and recipient addresses, and addresses in headers, can happen automatically, or as the result of configuration options, as described @@ -29703,7 +30150,7 @@ host error, in order not to delay other messages to the same host. -.section "Incoming SMTP messages over TCP/IP" +.section "Incoming SMTP messages over TCP/IP" "SECID233" .cindex "SMTP" "incoming over TCP/IP" .cindex "incoming SMTP over TCP/IP" .cindex "inetd" @@ -29805,7 +30252,7 @@ MAIL and RCPT commands in a single SMTP session. See the -.section "Unrecognized SMTP commands" +.section "Unrecognized SMTP commands" "SECID234" .cindex "SMTP" "unrecognized commands" If Exim receives more than &%smtp_max_unknown_commands%& unrecognized SMTP commands during a single SMTP connection, it drops the connection after sending @@ -29815,7 +30262,7 @@ abuse that subvert web servers into making connections to SMTP ports; in these circumstances, a number of non-SMTP lines are sent first. -.section "Syntax and protocol errors in SMTP commands" +.section "Syntax and protocol errors in SMTP commands" "SECID235" .cindex "SMTP" "syntax errors" .cindex "SMTP" "protocol errors" A syntax error is detected if an SMTP command is recognized, but there is @@ -29829,7 +30276,7 @@ broken clients that loop sending bad commands (yes, it has been seen). -.section "Use of non-mail SMTP commands" +.section "Use of non-mail SMTP commands" "SECID236" .cindex "SMTP" "non-mail commands" The &"non-mail"& SMTP commands are those other than MAIL, RCPT, and DATA. Exim counts such commands, and drops the connection if there are too @@ -29840,7 +30287,7 @@ defines what &"too many"& means. Its default value is 10. When a new message is expected, one occurrence of RSET is not counted. This allows a client to send one RSET between messages (this is not necessary, -but some clients do it). Exim also allows one uncounted occurence of HELO +but some clients do it). Exim also allows one uncounted occurrence of HELO or EHLO, and one occurrence of STARTTLS between messages. After starting up a TLS session, another EHLO is expected, and so it too is not counted. @@ -29858,7 +30305,7 @@ specific badly-behaved hosts that you have to live with. -.section "The VRFY and EXPN commands" +.section "The VRFY and EXPN commands" "SECID237" When Exim receives a VRFY or EXPN command on a TCP/IP connection, it runs the ACL specified by &%acl_smtp_vrfy%& or &%acl_smtp_expn%& (as appropriate) in order to decide whether the command should be accepted or not. @@ -29925,7 +30372,7 @@ example: smtp_etrn_command = /etc/etrn_command $domain \ $sender_host_address .endd -.cindex "&$domain$&" +.vindex "&$domain$&" The string is split up into arguments which are independently expanded. The expansion variable &$domain$& is set to the argument of the ETRN command, and no syntax checking is done on the contents of this argument. Exim does not @@ -29935,7 +30382,7 @@ for it to change them before running the command. -.section "Incoming local SMTP" +.section "Incoming local SMTP" "SECID238" .cindex "SMTP" "local incoming" Some user agents use SMTP to pass messages to their local MTA using the standard input and output, as opposed to passing the envelope on the command @@ -29974,7 +30421,7 @@ to handle several addresses at once by setting the &%batch_max%& option. When this is done for BSMTP, messages may contain multiple RCPT commands. See chapter &<>& for more details. -.cindex "&$host$&" +.vindex "&$host$&" When one or more addresses are routed to a BSMTP transport by a router that sets up a host list, the name of the first host on the list is available to the transport in the variable &$host$&. Here is an example of such a transport and @@ -30068,7 +30515,7 @@ Auto-Submitted: auto-generated to all warning and bounce messages, -.section "Customizing bounce messages" +.section "Customizing bounce messages" "SECID239" .cindex "customizing" "bounce message" .cindex "bounce message" "customizing" If &%bounce_message_text%& is set, its contents are included in the default @@ -30083,8 +30530,8 @@ opened, default text is used and a message is written to the main and panic logs. If any text item in the file is empty, default text is used for that item. -.cindex "&$bounce_recipient$&" -.cindex "&$bounce_return_size_limit$&" +.vindex "&$bounce_recipient$&" +.vindex "&$bounce_return_size_limit$&" Each item of text that is read from the file is expanded, and there are two expansion variables which can be of use here: &$bounce_recipient$& is set to the recipient of an error message while it is being created, and @@ -30185,8 +30632,8 @@ intervals if the message remains undelivered. Eventually the mail delivery software will give up, and when that happens, the message will be returned to you. .endd -.cindex "&$warn_message_delay$&" -.cindex "&$warn_message_recipients$&" +.vindex "&$warn_message_delay$&" +.vindex "&$warn_message_recipients$&" However, in the default state the subject and date lines are omitted if no appropriate headers exist. During the expansion of this file, &$warn_message_delay$& is set to the delay time in one of the forms &"<&'n'&> @@ -30207,7 +30654,7 @@ common. More examples and discussion can be found in the Exim book. -.section "Sending mail to a smart host" +.section "Sending mail to a smart host" "SECID240" .cindex "smart host" "example router" If you want to send all mail for non-local domains to a &"smart host"&, you should replace the default &(dnslookup)& router with a router which does the @@ -30274,7 +30721,7 @@ or &%local_part_suffix%& options) to handle addresses of the form -.section "Syntax errors in mailing lists" +.section "Syntax errors in mailing lists" "SECID241" .cindex "mailing lists" "syntax errors in" If an entry in redirection data contains a syntax error, Exim normally defers delivery of the original address. That means that a syntax error in a mailing @@ -30290,7 +30737,7 @@ whenever a broken address is skipped. It is usually appropriate to set -.section "Re-expansion of mailing lists" +.section "Re-expansion of mailing lists" "SECID242" .cindex "mailing lists" "re-expansion of" Exim remembers every individual address to which a message has been delivered, in order to avoid duplication, but it normally stores only the original @@ -30318,7 +30765,7 @@ one level of expansion anyway. -.section "Closed mailing lists" +.section "Closed mailing lists" "SECID243" .cindex "mailing lists" "closed" The examples so far have assumed open mailing lists, to which anybody may send mail. It is also possible to set up closed lists, where mail is accepted @@ -30413,7 +30860,7 @@ rewritten as .code somelist-request+subscriber=other.dom.example@your.dom.example .endd -.cindex "&$local_part$&" +.vindex "&$local_part$&" For this to work, you must tell Exim to send multiple copies of messages that have more than one recipient, so that each copy has just one recipient. This is achieved by setting &%max_rcpt%& to 1. Without this, a single copy of a message @@ -30567,7 +31014,7 @@ userforward: local_part_suffix_optional allow_filter .endd -.cindex "&$local_part_suffix$&" +.vindex "&$local_part_suffix$&" It runs a user's &_.forward_& file for all local parts of the form &'username-*'&. Within the filter file the user can distinguish different cases by testing the variable &$local_part_suffix$&. For example: @@ -30601,7 +31048,7 @@ subsequent routers, which could, if required, look for an unqualified -.section "Simplified vacation processing" +.section "Simplified vacation processing" "SECID244" .cindex "vacation processing" The traditional way of running the &'vacation'& program is for a user to set up a pipe command in a &_.forward_& file @@ -30631,7 +31078,7 @@ use of arbitrary pipes by users is locked out. -.section "Taking copies of mail" +.section "Taking copies of mail" "SECID245" .cindex "message" "copying every" Some installations have policies that require archive copies of all messages to be made. A single copy of each message can easily be taken by an appropriate @@ -30645,7 +31092,7 @@ notification of delivery by sites that insist on doing such things. -.section "Intermittently connected hosts" +.section "Intermittently connected hosts" "SECID246" .cindex "intermittently connected hosts" It has become quite common (because it is cheaper) for hosts to connect to the Internet periodically rather than remain connected all the time. The normal @@ -30657,7 +31104,7 @@ particularly well-suited to use in an intermittently connected environment. Nevertheless there are some features that can be used. -.section "Exim on the upstream server host" +.section "Exim on the upstream server host" "SECID247" It is tempting to arrange for incoming mail for the intermittently connected host to remain on Exim's queue until the client connects. However, this approach does not scale very well. Two different kinds of waiting message are @@ -30698,7 +31145,7 @@ arrange a separate transport for the intermittently connected ones. -.section "Exim on the intermittently connected client host" +.section "Exim on the intermittently connected client host" "SECID248" The value of &%smtp_accept_queue_per_connection%& should probably be increased, or even set to zero (that is, disabled) on the intermittently connected host, so that all incoming messages down a single connection get @@ -30725,8 +31172,8 @@ single SMTP connection. .chapter "Using Exim as a non-queueing client" "CHAPnonqueueing" &&& "Exim as a non-queueing client" -.cindex "client" "non-queueing" -.cindex "smart host" "queueing; suppressing" +.cindex "client, non-queueing" +.cindex "smart host" "suppressing queueing" On a personal computer, it is a common requirement for all email to be sent to a &"smart host"&. There are plenty of MUAs that can be configured to operate that way, for all the popular operating systems. @@ -30773,7 +31220,7 @@ following ways: A daemon cannot be run, nor will Exim accept incoming messages from &'inetd'&. In other words, the only way to submit messages is via the command line. .next -Each message is synchonously delivered as soon as it is received (&%-odi%& is +Each message is synchronously delivered as soon as it is received (&%-odi%& is assumed). All queueing options (&%queue_only%&, &%queue_smtp_domains%&, &%control%& in an ACL, etc.) are quietly ignored. The Exim reception process does not finish until the delivery attempt is complete. If the delivery is @@ -30892,6 +31339,15 @@ example: .endd .endlist +.new +.cindex "log" "process ids in" +.cindex "pid (process id)" "in log lines" +Exim does not include its process id in log lines by default, but you can +request that it does so by specifying the &`pid`& log selector (see section +&<>&). When this is set, the process id is output, in square +brackets, immediately after the time and date. +.wen + @@ -30957,12 +31413,12 @@ error is logged. -.section "Logging to local files that are periodically &""cycled""&" +.section "Logging to local files that are periodically &""cycled""&" "SECID285" .cindex "log" "cycling local files" .cindex "cycling logs" .cindex "&'exicyclog'&" .cindex "log" "local files; writing to" -Some operating systems provide centralized and standardised methods for cycling +Some operating systems provide centralized and standardized methods for cycling log files. For those that do not, a utility script called &'exicyclog'& is provided (see section &<>&). This renames and compresses the main and reject logs each time it is called. The maximum number of old logs to @@ -31021,7 +31477,7 @@ removed. Thus, the three examples above would give these panic log names: .endd -.section "Logging to syslog" +.section "Logging to syslog" "SECID249" .cindex "log" "syslog; writing to" The use of syslog does not change what Exim logs or the format of its messages, except in one respect. If &%syslog_timestamp%& is set false, the timestamps on @@ -31111,7 +31567,7 @@ where it is. -.section "Log line flags" +.section "Log line flags" "SECID250" One line is written to the main log for each message received, and for each successful, unsuccessful, and delayed delivery. These lines can readily be picked out by the distinctive two-character flags that immediately follow the @@ -31126,7 +31582,7 @@ timestamp. The flags are: .endd -.section "Logging message reception" +.section "Logging message reception" "SECID251" .cindex "log" "reception line" The format of the single-line entry in the main log that is written for every message received is shown in the basic example below, which is split over @@ -31200,7 +31656,7 @@ data when a message is received. See section &<>& below. -.section "Logging deliveries" +.section "Logging deliveries" "SECID252" .cindex "log" "delivery line" The format of the single-line entry in the main log that is written for every delivery is shown in one of the examples below, for local and remote @@ -31241,7 +31697,7 @@ The &%log_selector%& option can be used to request the logging of additional data when a message is delivered. See section &<>& below. -.section "Discarded deliveries" +.section "Discarded deliveries" "SECID253" .cindex "discarded messages" .cindex "message" "discarded" .cindex "delivery" "discarded; logging" @@ -31259,7 +31715,7 @@ because it is aliased to &":blackhole:"& the log line is like this: .endd -.section "Deferred deliveries" +.section "Deferred deliveries" "SECID254" When a delivery is deferred, a line of the following form is logged: .code 2002-12-19 16:20:23 16aiQz-0002Q5-00 == marvin@endrest.example @@ -31278,7 +31734,7 @@ appropriate value in &%log_selector%&. -.section "Delivery failures" +.section "Delivery failures" "SECID255" .cindex "delivery" "failure; logging" If a delivery fails because an address cannot be routed, a line of the following form is logged: @@ -31302,7 +31758,7 @@ flagged with &`**`&. -.section "Fake deliveries" +.section "Fake deliveries" "SECID256" .cindex "delivery" "fake; logging" If a delivery does not actually take place because the &%-N%& option has been used to suppress it, a normal delivery line is written to the log, except that @@ -31310,7 +31766,7 @@ used to suppress it, a normal delivery line is written to the log, except that -.section "Completion" +.section "Completion" "SECID257" A line of the form .code 2002-10-31 09:00:11 16ZCW1-0005MB-00 Completed @@ -31321,14 +31777,20 @@ at the end of its processing. -.section "Summary of Fields in Log Lines" +.section "Summary of Fields in Log Lines" "SECID258" .cindex "log" "summary of fields" A summary of the field identifiers that are used in log lines is shown in the following table: .display &`A `& authenticator name (and optional id) &`C `& SMTP confirmation on delivery +.new +&` `& command list for &"no mail in SMTP session"& +.wen &`CV `& certificate verification status +.new +&`D `& duration of &"no mail in SMTP session"& +.wen &`DN `& distinguished name from peer certificate &`DT `& on &`=>`& lines: time taken for a delivery &`F `& sender address (on delivery lines) @@ -31350,7 +31812,7 @@ the following table: .endd -.section "Other log entries" +.section "Other log entries" "SECID259" Various other types of log entry are written from time to time. Most should be self-explanatory. Among the more common are: @@ -31427,6 +31889,9 @@ selection marked by asterisks: &`*queue_run `& start and end queue runs &` queue_time `& time on queue for one recipient &` queue_time_overall `& time on queue for whole message +.new +&` pid `& Exim process id +.wen &` received_recipients `& recipients on <= lines &` received_sender `& sender on <= lines &`*rejected_header `& header contents on reject log @@ -31439,6 +31904,9 @@ selection marked by asterisks: &` smtp_confirmation `& SMTP confirmation on => lines &` smtp_connection `& SMTP connections &` smtp_incomplete_transaction`& incomplete SMTP transactions +.new +&` smtp_no_mail `& session with no MAIL commands +.wen &` smtp_protocol_error `& SMTP protocol errors &` smtp_syntax_error `& SMTP syntax errors &` subject `& contents of &'Subject:'& on <= lines @@ -31452,7 +31920,7 @@ selection marked by asterisks: More details on each of these items follows: .ilist -.cindex "&%warn%& statement" "log when skipping" +.cindex "&%warn%& ACL verb" "log when skipping" &%acl_warn_skipped%&: When an ACL &%warn%& statement is skipped because one of its conditions cannot be evaluated, a log line to this effect is written if this log selector is set. @@ -31469,7 +31937,7 @@ delivery lines; with this selector, intermediate parents are given in parentheses between them. .next .cindex "log" "Exim arguments" -.cindex "Exim arguments" "logging" +.cindex "Exim arguments, logging" &%arguments%&: This causes Exim to write the arguments with which it was called to the main log, preceded by the current working directory. This is a debugging feature, added to make it easier to find out how certain MUAs call @@ -31486,7 +31954,7 @@ between the caller and Exim. connection is rejected, for whatever reason. .next .cindex "log" "delayed delivery" -.cindex "delayed delivery" "logging" +.cindex "delayed delivery, logging" &%delay_delivery%&: A log entry is written whenever a delivery process is not started for an incoming message because the load is too high or too many messages were received on one connection. Logging does not occur if no delivery @@ -31536,8 +32004,8 @@ rejection lines. .cindex "log" "incoming remote port" .cindex "port" "logging remote" .cindex "TCP/IP" "logging incoming remote port" -.cindex "&$sender_fullhost$&" -.cindex "&$sender_rcvhost$&" +.vindex "&$sender_fullhost$&" +.vindex "&$sender_rcvhost$&" &%incoming_port%&: The remote port number from which a message was received is added to log entries and &'Received:'& header lines, following the IP address in square brackets, and separated from it by a colon. This is implemented by @@ -31557,6 +32025,13 @@ containing => tags) following the IP address. This option is not included in the default setting, because for most ordinary configurations, the remote port number is always 25 (the SMTP port). .next +.new +.cindex "log" "process ids in" +.cindex "pid (process id)" "in log lines" +&%pid%&: The current process id is added to every log line, in square brackets, +immediately after the time and date. +.wen +.next .cindex "log" "queue run" .cindex "queue runner" "logging" &%queue_run%&: The start and end of every queue run are logged. @@ -31665,6 +32140,35 @@ RSET, QUIT, loss of connection, or otherwise, the incident is logged, and the message sender plus any accepted recipients are included in the log line. This can provide evidence of dictionary attacks. .next +.new +.cindex "log" "non-MAIL SMTP sessions" +.cindex "MAIL" "logging session without" +&%smtp_no_mail%&: A line is written to the main log whenever an accepted SMTP +connection terminates without having issued a MAIL command. This includes both +the case when the connection is dropped, and the case when QUIT is used. It +does not include cases where the connection is rejected right at the start (by +an ACL, or because there are too many connections, or whatever). These cases +already have their own log lines. + +The log line that is written contains the identity of the client in the usual +way, followed by D= and a time, which records the duration of the connection. +If the connection was authenticated, this fact is logged exactly as it is for +an incoming message, with an A= item. If the connection was encrypted, CV=, +DN=, and X= items may appear as they do for an incoming message, controlled by +the same logging options. + +Finally, if any SMTP commands were issued during the connection, a C= item +is added to the line, listing the commands that were used. For example, +.code +C=EHLO,QUIT +.endd +shows that the client issued QUIT straight after EHLO. If there were fewer +than 20 commands, they are all listed. If there were more than 20 commands, +the last 20 are listed, preceded by &"..."&. However, with the default +setting of 10 for &%smtp_accep_max_nonmail%&, the connection will in any case +have been aborted before 20 non-mail commands are processed. +.wen +.next .cindex "log" "SMTP protocol error" .cindex "SMTP" "logging protocol error" &%smtp_protocol_error%&: A log line is written for every SMTP protocol error @@ -31685,7 +32189,7 @@ external connection, the host identity is given; for an internal connection using &%-bs%& the sender identification (normally the calling user) is given. .next .cindex "log" "subject" -.cindex "subject" "logging" +.cindex "subject, logging" &%subject%&: The subject of the message is added to the arrival log line, preceded by &"T="& (T for &"topic"&, since S is already used for &"size"&). Any MIME &"words"& in the subject are decoded. The &%print_topbitchars%& option @@ -31714,7 +32218,7 @@ result of a list match is failure because a DNS lookup failed. .endlist -.section "Message log" +.section "Message log" "SECID260" .cindex "message" "log file for" .cindex "log" "message log; description of" .cindex "&_msglog_& directory" @@ -31734,6 +32238,8 @@ per-message logs, in order to reduce disk I/O. This can be done by setting the .ecindex IIDloggen + + . //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// . //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// @@ -31743,25 +32249,25 @@ A number of utility scripts and programs are supplied with Exim and are described in this chapter. There is also the Exim Monitor, which is covered in the next chapter. The utilities described here are: -.itable none 0 0 4 2* left 8* left 30* left 40* left -.row "" &<>& &'exiwhat'& &&& +.itable none 0 0 3 7* left 15* left 40* left +.irow &<>& &'exiwhat'& &&& "list what Exim processes are doing" -.row "" &<>& &'exiqgrep'& "grep the queue" -.row "" &<>& &'exiqsumm'& "summarize the queue" -.row "" &<>& &'exigrep'& "search the main log" -.row "" &<>& &'exipick'& "select messages on &&& - various criteria" -.row "" &<>& &'exicyclog'& "cycle (rotate) log files" -.row "" &<>& &'eximstats'& &&& +.irow &<>& &'exiqgrep'& "grep the queue" +.irow &<>& &'exiqsumm'& "summarize the queue" +.irow &<>& &'exigrep'& "search the main log" +.irow &<>& &'exipick'& "select messages on &&& + various criteria" +.irow &<>& &'exicyclog'& "cycle (rotate) log files" +.irow &<>& &'eximstats'& &&& "extract statistics from the log" -.row "" &<>& &'exim_checkaccess'& &&& +.irow &<>& &'exim_checkaccess'& &&& "check address acceptance from given IP" -.row "" &<>& &'exim_dbmbuild'& "build a DBM file" -.row "" &<>& &'exinext'& "extract retry information" -.row "" &<>& &'exim_dumpdb'& "dump a hints database" -.row "" &<>& &'exim_tidydb'& "clean up a hints database" -.row "" &<>& &'exim_fixdb'& "patch a hints database" -.row "" &<>& &'exim_lock'& "lock a mailbox file" +.irow &<>& &'exim_dbmbuild'& "build a DBM file" +.irow &<>& &'exinext'& "extract retry information" +.irow &<>& &'exim_dumpdb'& "dump a hints database" +.irow &<>& &'exim_tidydb'& "clean up a hints database" +.irow &<>& &'exim_fixdb'& "patch a hints database" +.irow &<>& &'exim_lock'& "lock a mailbox file" .endtable Another utility that might be of use to sites with many MTAs is Tom Kistner's @@ -31773,7 +32279,7 @@ Another utility that might be of use to sites with many MTAs is Tom Kistner's .section "Finding out what Exim processes are doing (exiwhat)" "SECTfinoutwha" .cindex "&'exiwhat'&" -.cindex "process" "querying" +.cindex "process, querying" .cindex "SIGUSR1" On operating systems that can restart a system call after receiving a signal (most modern OS), an Exim process responds to the SIGUSR1 signal by writing @@ -31877,7 +32383,7 @@ There is one more option, &%-h%&, which outputs a list of options. -.section "Summarising the queue (exiqsumm)" "SECTsumtheque" +.section "Summarizing the queue (exiqsumm)" "SECTsumtheque" .cindex "&'exiqsumm'&" .cindex "queue" "summary" The &'exiqsumm'& utility is a Perl script which reads the output of &`exim @@ -31896,7 +32402,6 @@ volume, and the length of time that the oldest and the newest messages have been waiting. Note that the number of pending deliveries is greater than the number of messages when messages have more than one recipient. -.new A summary line is output at the end. By default the output is sorted on the domain name, but &'exiqsumm'& has the options &%-a%& and &%-c%&, which cause the output to be sorted by oldest message and by count of messages, @@ -31904,7 +32409,6 @@ respectively. There are also three options that split the messages for each domain into two or more subcounts: &%-b%& separates bounce messages, &%-f%& separates frozen messages, and &%-s%& separates messages according to their sender. -.wen The output of &'exim -bp'& contains the original addresses in the message, so this also applies to the output from &'exiqsumm'&. No domains from addresses @@ -31925,20 +32429,31 @@ extracts all the log entries for the relevant message, not just those that match the pattern. Thus, &'exigrep'& can extract complete log entries for a given message, or all mail for a given user, or for a given host, for example. The input files can be in Exim log format or syslog format. - -If a matching log line is not associated with a specific message, it is always -included in &'exigrep'&'s output. The usage is: +.new +If a matching log line is not associated with a specific message, it is +included in &'exigrep'&'s output without any additional lines. The usage is: .display -&`exigrep [-l] [-t<`&&'n'&&`>] <`&&'pattern'&&`> [<`&&'log file'&&`>] ...`& +&`exigrep [-t<`&&'n'&&`>] [-I] [-l] [-v] <`&&'pattern'&&`> [<`&&'log file'&&`>] ...`& .endd +If no log file names are given on the command line, the standard input is read. + The &%-t%& argument specifies a number of seconds. It adds an additional condition for message selection. Messages that are complete are shown only if they spent more than <&'n'&> seconds on the queue. -The &%-l%& flag means &"literal"&, that is, treat all characters in the +By default, &'exigrep'& does case-insensitive matching. The &%-I%& option +makes it case-sensitive. This may give a performance improvement when searching +large log files. Without &%-I%&, the Perl pattern matches use Perl's &`/i`& +option; with &%-I%& they do not. In both cases it is possible to change the +case sensitivity within the pattern by using &`(?i)`& or &`(?-i)`&. + +The &%-l%& option means &"literal"&, that is, treat all characters in the pattern as standing for themselves. Otherwise the pattern must be a Perl -regular expression. The pattern match is case-insensitive. If no file names are -given on the command line, the standard input is read. +regular expression. + +The &%-v%& option inverts the matching condition. That is, a line is selected +if it does &'not'& match the pattern. +.wen If the location of a &'zcat'& command is known from the definition of ZCAT_COMMAND in &_Local/Makefile_&, &'exigrep'& automatically passes any file @@ -31948,11 +32463,10 @@ whose name ends in COMPRESS_SUFFIX through &'zcat'& as it searches it. .section "Selecting messages by various criteria (exipick)" "SECTexipick" .cindex "&'exipick'&" John Jetmore's &'exipick'& utility is included in the Exim distribution. It -lists messages from the queue according to a variety of criteria. For details, -visit &url(http://www.exim.org/eximwiki/ToolExipickManPage) or run: -.code -exipick --help -.endd +lists messages from the queue according to a variety of criteria. For details +of &'exipick'&'s facilities, visit the web page at +&url(http://www.exim.org/eximwiki/ToolExipickManPage) or run &'exipick'& with +the &%--help%& option. .section "Cycling log files (exicyclog)" "SECTcyclogfil" @@ -32005,7 +32519,7 @@ assuming you have used the name &"exim"& for the Exim user. You can run .cindex "&'eximstats'&" A Perl script called &'eximstats'& is provided for extracting statistical information from log files. The output is either plain text, or HTML. -Exim log files are also suported by the &'Lire'& system produced by the +Exim log files are also supported by the &'Lire'& system produced by the LogReport Foundation &url(http://www.logreport.org). The &'eximstats'& script has been hacked about quite a bit over time. The @@ -32227,7 +32741,7 @@ Serializing delivery to a specific host (when &%serialize_hosts%& is set in an -.section "exim_dumpdb" +.section "exim_dumpdb" "SECID261" .cindex "&'exim_dumpdb'&" The entire contents of a database are written to the standard output by the &'exim_dumpdb'& program, which has no options or arguments other than the @@ -32244,7 +32758,7 @@ The first item on the first line is the key of the record. It starts with one of the letters R, or T, depending on whether it refers to a routing or transport retry. For a local delivery, the next part is the local address; for a remote delivery it is the name of the remote host, followed by its failing IP -address (unless &%no_retry_include_ip_address%& is set on the &(smtp)& +address (unless &%retry_include_ip_address%& is set false on the &(smtp)& transport). If the remote port is not the standard one (port 25), it is added to the IP address. Then there follows an error code, an additional error code, and a textual description of the error. @@ -32264,7 +32778,7 @@ cross-references. -.section "exim_tidydb" +.section "exim_tidydb" "SECID262" .cindex "&'exim_tidydb'&" The &'exim_tidydb'& utility program is used to tidy up the contents of a hints database. If run with no options, it removes all records that are more than 30 @@ -32313,7 +32827,7 @@ databases is likely to keep on increasing. -.section "exim_fixdb" +.section "exim_fixdb" "SECID263" .cindex "&'exim_fixdb'&" The &'exim_fixdb'& program is a utility for interactively modifying databases. Its main use is for testing Exim, but it might also be occasionally useful for @@ -32449,7 +32963,7 @@ monitor itself makes use of the command line to perform any actions requested. -.section "Running the monitor" +.section "Running the monitor" "SECID264" The monitor is started by running the script called &'eximon'&. This is a shell script that sets up a number of environment variables, and then runs the binary called &_eximon.bin_&. The default appearance of the monitor window can @@ -32499,7 +33013,7 @@ different parts of the display. -.section "The stripcharts" +.section "The stripcharts" "SECID265" .cindex "stripchart" The first stripchart is always a count of messages on the queue. Its name can be configured by setting QUEUE_STRIPCHART_NAME in the @@ -32531,7 +33045,7 @@ SIZE_STRIPCHART and (optionally) SIZE_STRIPCHART_NAME in the -.section "Main action buttons" +.section "Main action buttons" "SECID266" .cindex "size" "of monitor window" .cindex "Exim monitor" "window size" .cindex "window size" @@ -32560,7 +33074,7 @@ START_SMALL=yes in &_Local/eximon.conf_&. -.section "The log display" +.section "The log display" "SECID267" .cindex "log" "tail of; in monitor" The second section of the window is an area in which a display of the tail of the main log is maintained. @@ -32614,7 +33128,7 @@ window. -.section "The queue display" +.section "The queue display" "SECID268" .cindex "queue" "display in monitor" The bottom section of the monitor window contains a list of all messages that are on the queue, which includes those currently being received or delivered, @@ -32666,7 +33180,7 @@ display is updated. -.section "The queue menu" +.section "The queue menu" "SECID269" .cindex "queue" "menu in monitor" If the &%shift%& key is held down and the left button is clicked when the mouse pointer is over the text for any message, an action menu pops up, and the first @@ -32792,7 +33306,7 @@ absence of bugs can never be guaranteed. Any that are reported will get fixed as soon as possible. -.section "Building a more &""hardened""& Exim" +.section "Building a more &""hardened""& Exim" "SECID286" .cindex "security" "build-time features" There are a number of build-time options that can be set in &_Local/Makefile_& to create Exim binaries that are &"harder"& to attack, in particular by a rogue @@ -32835,7 +33349,7 @@ is permitted to modify the runtime file from using Exim as a way to get root. -.section "Root privilege" +.section "Root privilege" "SECID270" .cindex "setuid" .cindex "root privilege" The Exim binary is normally setuid to root, which means that it gains root @@ -32872,8 +33386,8 @@ After a new Exim process has interpreted its command line options, it changes uid and gid in the following cases: .ilist -.cindex "&%-C%& option" -.cindex "&%-D%& option" +.oindex "&%-C%&" +.oindex "&%-D%&" If the &%-C%& option is used to specify an alternate configuration file, or if the &%-D%& option is used to define macro values for the configuration, and the calling process is not running as root or the Exim user, the uid and gid are @@ -32882,9 +33396,9 @@ However, if ALT_CONFIG_ROOT_ONLY is defined in &_Local/Makefile_&, only root callers may use &%-C%& and &%-D%& without losing privilege, and if DISABLE_D_OPTION is set, the &%-D%& option may not be used at all. .next -.cindex "&%-be%& option" -.cindex "&%-bf%& option" -.cindex "&%-bF%& option" +.oindex "&%-be%&" +.oindex "&%-bf%&" +.oindex "&%-bF%&" If the expansion test option (&%-be%&) or one of the filter testing options (&%-bf%& or &%-bF%&) are used, the uid and gid are changed to those of the calling process. @@ -32894,8 +33408,8 @@ process or a process for testing address routing (started with &%-bt%&), the uid and gid are changed to the Exim user and group. This means that Exim always runs under its own uid and gid when receiving messages. This also applies when testing address verification -.cindex "&%-bv%& option" -.cindex "&%-bh%& option" +.oindex "&%-bv%&" +.oindex "&%-bh%&" (the &%-bv%& option) and testing incoming message policy controls (the &%-bh%& option). .next @@ -32936,7 +33450,7 @@ the routing is done in the same environment as a message delivery. .section "Running Exim without privilege" "SECTrunexiwitpri" -.cindex "privilege" "running without" +.cindex "privilege, running without" .cindex "unprivileged running" .cindex "root privilege" "running without" Some installations like to run Exim in an unprivileged state for more of its @@ -33004,7 +33518,7 @@ Unless the local user mailboxes are all owned by the Exim user (possible in some POP3 or IMAP-only environments): .olist -They must be owned by the Exim group and be writable by that group. This +They must be owned by the Exim group and be writeable by that group. This implies you must set &%mode%& in the appendfile configuration, as well as the mode of the mailbox files themselves. .next @@ -33029,13 +33543,13 @@ If you are using the &%mua_wrapper%& facility (see chapter -.section "Delivering to local files" +.section "Delivering to local files" "SECID271" Full details of the checks applied by &(appendfile)& before it writes to a file are given in chapter &<>&. -.section "IPv4 source routing" +.section "IPv4 source routing" "SECID272" .cindex "source routing" "in IP packets" .cindex "IP source routing" Many operating systems suppress IP source-routed packets in the kernel, but @@ -33045,26 +33559,26 @@ IPv6. No special checking is currently done. -.section "The VRFY, EXPN, and ETRN commands in SMTP" +.section "The VRFY, EXPN, and ETRN commands in SMTP" "SECID273" Support for these SMTP commands is disabled by default. If required, they can be enabled by defining suitable ACLs. -.section "Privileged users" -.cindex "trusted user" +.section "Privileged users" "SECID274" +.cindex "trusted users" .cindex "admin user" .cindex "privileged user" .cindex "user" "trusted" .cindex "user" "admin" -Exim recognises two sets of users with special privileges. Trusted users are +Exim recognizes two sets of users with special privileges. Trusted users are able to submit new messages to Exim locally, but supply their own sender addresses and information about a sending host. For other users submitting local messages, Exim sets up the sender address from the uid, and doesn't permit a remote host to be specified. -.cindex "&%-f%& option" +.oindex "&%-f%&" However, an untrusted user is permitted to use the &%-f%& command line option in the special form &%-f <>%& to indicate that a delivery failure for the message should not cause an error report. This affects the message's envelope, @@ -33084,8 +33598,8 @@ them entirely, or modify them in various ways. In addition, admin users can run the Exim monitor and see all the information it is capable of providing, which includes the contents of files on the spool. -.cindex "&%-M%& option" -.cindex "&%-q%& option" +.oindex "&%-M%&" +.oindex "&%-q%&" By default, the use of the &%-M%& and &%-q%& options to cause Exim to attempt delivery of messages on its queue is restricted to admin users. This restriction can be relaxed by setting the &%no_prod_requires_admin%& option. @@ -33093,7 +33607,7 @@ Similarly, the use of &%-bp%& (and its variants) to list the contents of the queue is also restricted to admin users. This restriction can be relaxed by setting &%no_queue_list_requires_admin%&. -Exim recognises an admin user if the calling process is running as root or as +Exim recognizes an admin user if the calling process is running as root or as the Exim user or if any of the groups associated with the calling process is the Exim group. It is not necessary actually to be running under the Exim group. However, if admin users who are not root or the Exim user are to access @@ -33103,7 +33617,7 @@ files. -.section "Spool files" +.section "Spool files" "SECID275" .cindex "spool directory" "files" Exim's spool directory and everything it contains is owned by the Exim user and set to the Exim group. The mode for spool files is defined in the @@ -33112,7 +33626,7 @@ any user who is a member of the Exim group can access these files. -.section "Use of argv[0]" +.section "Use of argv[0]" "SECID276" Exim examines the last component of &%argv[0]%&, and if it matches one of a set of specific strings, Exim assumes certain options. For example, calling Exim with the last component of &%argv[0]%& set to &"rsmtp"& is exactly equivalent @@ -33121,7 +33635,7 @@ this. -.section "Use of %f formatting" +.section "Use of %f formatting" "SECID277" The only use made of &"%f"& by Exim is in formatting load average values. These are actually stored in integer variables as 1000 times the load average. Consequently, their range is limited and so therefore is the length of the @@ -33129,7 +33643,7 @@ converted output. -.section "Embedded Exim path" +.section "Embedded Exim path" "SECID278" Exim uses its own path name, which is embedded in the code, only when it needs to re-exec in order to regain root privilege. Therefore, it is not root when it does so. If some bug allowed the path to get overwritten, it would lead to an @@ -33137,7 +33651,7 @@ arbitrary program's being run as exim, not as root. -.section "Use of sprintf()" +.section "Use of sprintf()" "SECID279" .cindex "&[sprintf()]&" A large number of occurrences of &"sprintf"& in the code are actually calls to &'string_sprintf()'&, a function that returns the result in malloc'd store. @@ -33151,14 +33665,14 @@ string. -.section "Use of debug_printf() and log_write()" +.section "Use of debug_printf() and log_write()" "SECID280" Arbitrary strings are passed to both these functions, but they do their formatting by calling the function &'string_vformat()'&, which runs through the format string itself, and checks the length of each conversion. -.section "Use of strcat() and strcpy()" +.section "Use of strcat() and strcpy()" "SECID281" These are used only in cases where the output buffer is known to be large enough to hold the result. .ecindex IIDsecurcon @@ -33193,7 +33707,7 @@ which is what Exim itself does, using &[fcntl()]&. If you update the file in place, the lock will be retained. If you write a new file and rename it, the lock will be lost at the instant of rename. .next -.cindex "&$body_linecount$&" +.vindex "&$body_linecount$&" If you change the number of lines in the file, the value of &$body_linecount$&, which is stored in the -H file, will be incorrect. At present, this value is not used by Exim, but there is no guarantee that this @@ -33204,22 +33718,30 @@ If the message is in MIME format, you must take care not to break it. If the message is cryptographically signed, any change will invalidate the signature. .endlist +.new +All in all, modifying -D files is fraught with danger. +.wen - +.new Files whose names end with -J may also be seen in the &_input_& directory (or its subdirectories when &%split_spool_directory%& is set). These are journal files, used to record addresses to which the message has been delivered during -the course of a delivery run. At the end of the run, the -H file is updated, -and the -J file is deleted. - +the course of a delivery attempt. If there are still undelivered recipients at +the end, the -H file is updated, and the -J file is deleted. If, however, there +is some kind of crash (for example, a power outage) before this happens, the -J +file remains in existence. When Exim next processes the message, it notices the +-J file and uses it to update the -H file before starting the next delivery +attempt. +.wen -.section "Format of the -H file" +.section "Format of the -H file" "SECID282" .cindex "uid (user id)" "in spool file" .cindex "gid (group id)" "in spool file" The second line of the -H file contains the login name for the uid of the process that called Exim to read the message, followed by the numerical uid and gid. For a locally generated message, this is normally the user who sent the -message. For a message received over TCP/IP, it is normally the Exim user. +message. For a message received over TCP/IP &new("via the daemon"), it is +normally the Exim user. The third line of the file contains the address of the message's sender as transmitted in the envelope, contained in angle brackets. The sender address is @@ -33250,7 +33772,6 @@ the data string for the variable. The string itself starts at the beginning of the next line, and is followed by a newline character. It may contain internal newlines. -.new .vitem "&%-aclc%&&~<&'rest-of-name'&>&~<&'length'&>" A line of this form is present for every ACL connection variable that is defined. Note that there is a space between &%-aclc%& and the rest of the name. @@ -33264,7 +33785,6 @@ Note that there is a space between &%-aclm%& and the rest of the name. The length is the length of the data string for the variable. The string itself starts at the beginning of the next line, and is followed by a newline character. It may contain internal newlines. -.wen .vitem "&%-active_hostname%&&~<&'hostname'&>" This is present if, when the message was received over SMTP, the value of @@ -33487,10 +34007,10 @@ unqualified domain &'foundation'&. . //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// . //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// -.chapter "Adding new drivers or lookup types" "" &&& +.chapter "Adding new drivers or lookup types" "CHID12" &&& "Adding drivers or lookups" .cindex "adding drivers" -.cindex "new drivers" "adding" +.cindex "new drivers, adding" .cindex "drivers" "adding new" The following actions have to be taken in order to add a new router, transport, authenticator, or lookup type to Exim: @@ -33541,9 +34061,24 @@ the interface that is expected. . //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// . //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// -.makeindex "Option index" "option" +. ///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// +. These lines are processing instructions for the Simple DocBook Processor that +. Philip Hazel has developed as a less cumbersome way of making PostScript and +. PDFs than using xmlto and fop. They will be ignored by all other XML +. processors. +. ///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// + +.literal xml + +.literal off -.makeindex "Concept index" "concept" +.makeindex "Options index" "option" +.makeindex "Variables index" "variable" +.makeindex "Concept index" "concept" . ///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// diff --git a/doc/doc-txt/OptionLists.txt b/doc/doc-txt/OptionLists.txt index fe080c567..2bd046b9e 100644 --- a/doc/doc-txt/OptionLists.txt +++ b/doc/doc-txt/OptionLists.txt @@ -1,4 +1,4 @@ -$Cambridge: exim/doc/doc-txt/OptionLists.txt,v 1.31 2007/03/13 15:32:47 ph10 Exp $ +$Cambridge: exim/doc/doc-txt/OptionLists.txt,v 1.32 2007/04/11 15:26:10 ph10 Exp $ LISTS OF EXIM OPTIONS --------------------- @@ -179,6 +179,7 @@ driver string unset authenticator unset routers 4.00 unset transports drop_cr boolean false main 4.00 became a no-op in 4.21 +dsn_from string* + main 4.67 envelope_to_add boolean false transports envelope_to_remove boolean true main environment string* unset pipe 2.95 -- 2.30.2