X-Git-Url: https://git.exim.org/exim.git/blobdiff_plain/f16d3973f79d47921ef2aa537da4708ff67f2be5..0de9945258c2e7910c35f715caf07c5e9270aa1b:/doc/doc-docbook/spec.xfpt?ds=inline diff --git a/doc/doc-docbook/spec.xfpt b/doc/doc-docbook/spec.xfpt index 07b496676..5c6955e58 100644 --- a/doc/doc-docbook/spec.xfpt +++ b/doc/doc-docbook/spec.xfpt @@ -4518,6 +4518,7 @@ appear in the correct order. Each flag is described in a separate item below. .cindex "queue" "routing" .cindex "routing" "whole queue before delivery" .cindex "first pass routing" +.cindex "queue runner" "two phase" An option starting with &%-qq%& requests a two-stage queue run. In the first stage, the queue is scanned as if the &%queue_smtp_domains%& option matched every domain. Addresses are routed, local deliveries happen, but no remote @@ -4525,6 +4526,10 @@ transports are run. .new Performance will be best if the &%queue_run_in_order%& option is false. +If that is so and the &%queue_fast_ramp%& option is true then +in the first phase of the run, +once a threshold number of messages are routed for a given host, +a delivery process is forked in parallel with the rest of the scan. .wen .cindex "hints database" "remembering routing" @@ -6641,6 +6646,8 @@ file that is searched could contain lines like this: .endd When the lookup succeeds, the result of the expansion is a list of domains (and possibly other types of item that are allowed in domain lists). +.cindex "tainted data" "de-tainting" +The result of the expansion is not tainted. In the second example, the lookup is a single item in a domain list. It causes Exim to use a lookup to see if the domain that is being processed can be found @@ -6856,6 +6863,29 @@ The final resulting element can be a simple JSON type or a JSON object or array; for the latter two a string-representation of the JSON is returned. For elements of type string, the returned value is de-quoted. + + +.new +.next +.cindex LMDB +.cindex lookup lmdb +.cindex database lmdb +&(lmdb)&: The given file is an LMDB database. +LMDB is a memory-mapped key-value store, +with API modeled loosely on that of BerkeleyDB. +See &url(https://symas.com/products/lightning-memory-mapped-database/) +for the feature set and operation modes. + +Exim provides read-only access via the LMDB C library. +The library can be obtained from &url(https://github.com/LMDB/lmdb) +or your operating system package repository. +To enable LMDB support in Exim set LOOKUP_LMDB=yes in &_Local/Makefile_&. + +You will need to separately create the LMDB database file, +possibly using the &"mdb_load"& utility. +.wen + + .next .cindex "linear search" .cindex "lookup" "lsearch" @@ -10595,6 +10625,14 @@ ${sort {${lookup dnsdb{>:,,mx=example.com}}} {<} {${listextract{1}{<,$item}}}} will sort an MX lookup into priority order. + +.new +.vitem &*${srs_encode&~{*&<&'secret'&>&*}{*&<&'return&~path'&>&*}{*&<&'original&~domain'&>&*}}*& +SRS encoding. See SECT &<>& for details. +.wen + + + .vitem &*${substr{*&<&'string1'&>&*}{*&<&'string2'&>&*}{*&<&'string3'&>&*}}*& .cindex "&%substr%& expansion item" .cindex "substring extraction" @@ -11657,6 +11695,13 @@ includes the case of letters, whereas for &%gti%& the comparison is case-independent. Case and collation order are defined per the system C locale. + +.new +.vitem &*inbound_srs&~{*&<&'local&~part'&>&*}{*&<&'secret'&>&*}*& +SRS decode. See SECT &<>& for details. +.wen + + .vitem &*inlist&~{*&<&'string1'&>&*}{*&<&'string2'&>&*}*& &&& &*inlisti&~{*&<&'string1'&>&*}{*&<&'string2'&>&*}*& .cindex "string" "comparison" @@ -13749,6 +13794,17 @@ the value of the Distinguished Name of the certificate is made available in the If certificate verification fails it may refer to a failing chain element which is not the leaf. + +.new +.vitem &$tls_in_resumption$& &&& + &$tls_out_resumption$& +.vindex &$tls_in_resumption$& +.vindex &$tls_out_resumption$& +.cindex TLS resumption +Observability for TLS session resumption. See &<>& for details. +.wen + + .vitem &$tls_in_sni$& .vindex "&$tls_in_sni$&" .vindex "&$tls_sni$&" @@ -14749,6 +14805,7 @@ See also the &'Policy controls'& section above. .row &%hold_domains%& "hold delivery for these domains" .row &%local_interfaces%& "for routing checks" .row &%queue_domains%& "no immediate delivery for these" +.row &%queue_fast_ramp%& "parallel delivery with 2-phase queue run" .row &%queue_only%& "no immediate delivery at all" .row &%queue_only_file%& "no immediate delivery if file exists" .row &%queue_only_load%& "no immediate delivery if load is high" @@ -15631,6 +15688,10 @@ and RET and ORCPT options on MAIL FROM commands. A NOTIFY=SUCCESS option requests success-DSN messages. A NOTIFY= option with no argument requests that no delay or failure DSNs are sent. +.new +&*Note*&: Supplying success-DSN messages has been criticised +on privacy grounds; it can leak details of internal forwarding. +.wen .option dsn_from main "string&!!" "see below" .cindex "&'From:'& header line" "in bounces" @@ -16921,6 +16982,17 @@ domains that do not match are processed. All other deliveries wait until the next queue run. See also &%hold_domains%& and &%queue_smtp_domains%&. +.new +.option queue_fast_ramp main boolean false +.cindex "queue runner" "two phase" +.cindex "queue" "double scanning" +If set to true, two-phase queue runs, initiated using &%-qq%& on the +command line, may start parallel delivery processes during their first +phase. This will be done when a threshold number of messages have been +routed for a single host. +.wen + + .option queue_list_requires_admin main boolean true .cindex "restricting access to features" .oindex "&%-bp%&" @@ -18253,6 +18325,14 @@ preference order of the available ciphers. Details are given in sections &<>& and &<>&. +.new +.option tls_resumption_hosts main "host list&!!" unset +.cindex TLS resumption +This option controls which connections to offer the TLS resumption feature. +See &<>& for details. +.wen + + .option tls_try_verify_hosts main "host list&!!" unset .cindex "TLS" "client certificate verification" .cindex "certificate" "verification of client" @@ -25392,6 +25472,20 @@ so can cause parallel connections to the same host if &%remote_max_parallel%& permits this. +.new +.option message_linelength_limit smtp integer 998 +.cindex "line length" limit +This option sets the maximum line length, in bytes, that the transport +will send. Any messages with lines exceeding the given value +will fail and a failure-DSN ("bounce") message will if possible be returned +to the sender. +The default value is that defined by the SMTP standards. + +It is generally wise to also check in the data ACL so that messages +received via SMTP can be refused without producing a bounce. +.wen + + .option multi_domain smtp boolean&!! true .vindex "&$domain$&" When this option is set, the &(smtp)& transport can handle a number of @@ -25573,6 +25667,14 @@ is used in different ways by OpenSSL and GnuTLS (see sections ciphers is a preference order. +.new +.option tls_resumption_hosts smtp "host list&!!" unset +.cindex TLS resumption +This option controls which connections to use the TLS resumption feature. +See &<>& for details. +.wen + + .option tls_sni smtp string&!! unset .cindex "TLS" "Server Name Indication" @@ -25672,13 +25774,17 @@ The &%tls_verify_certificates%& option must also be set. If both this option and &%tls_try_verify_hosts%& are unset operation is as if this option selected all hosts. -.option utf8_downconvert smtp integer&!! unset +.option utf8_downconvert smtp integer&!! -1 .cindex utf8 "address downconversion" .cindex i18n "utf8 address downconversion" If built with internationalization support, -this option controls conversion of UTF-8 in message addresses +this option controls conversion of UTF-8 in message envelope addresses to a-label form. -For details see section &<>&. +If, after expansion, the value is 1, 0, or -1 then this value overrides +any value previously set for the message. Otherwise, any previously +set value is used. To permit use of a previous value, +set this option to an empty string. +For details on the values see section &<>&. @@ -29399,6 +29505,100 @@ Open-source PKI book, available online at .ecindex IIDencsmtp2 +.new +.section "TLS Resumption" "SECTresumption" +.cindex TLS resumption +TLS Session Resumption for TLS 1.2 and TLS 1.3 connections can be used (defined +in RFC 5077 for 1.2). The support for this requires GnuTLS 3.6.3 or OpenSSL 1.1.1 +(or later). + +Session resumption (this is the "stateless" variant) involves the server sending +a "session ticket" to the client on one connection, which can be stored by the +client and used for a later session. The ticket contains sufficient state for +the server to reconstruct the TLS session, avoiding some expensive crypto +calculation and (on TLS1.2) one full packet roundtrip time. + +.ilist +Operational cost/benefit: + + The extra data being transmitted costs a minor amount, and the client has + extra costs in storing and retrieving the data. + + In the Exim/Gnutls implementation the extra cost on an initial connection + which is TLS1.2 over a loopback path is about 6ms on 2017-laptop class hardware. + The saved cost on a subsequent connection is about 4ms; three or more + connections become a net win. On longer network paths, two or more + connections will have an average lower startup time thanks to the one + saved packet roundtrip. TLS1.3 will save the crypto cpu costs but not any + packet roundtrips. + +.cindex "hints database" tls + Since a new hints DB is used on the TLS client, + the hints DB maintenance should be updated to additionally handle "tls". + +.next +Security aspects: + + The session ticket is encrypted, but is obviously an additional security + vulnarability surface. An attacker able to decrypt it would have access + all connections using the resumed session. + The session ticket encryption key is not committed to storage by the server + and is rotated regularly (OpenSSL: 1hr, and one previous key is used for + overlap; GnuTLS 6hr but does not specify any overlap). + Tickets have limited lifetime (2hr, and new ones issued after 1hr under + OpenSSL. GnuTLS 2hr, appears to not do overlap). + + There is a question-mark over the security of the Diffie-Helman parameters + used for session negotiation. + +.next +Observability: + + The &%log_selector%& "tls_resumption" appends an asterisk to the tls_cipher "X=" + element. + + The variables &$tls_in_resumption$& and &$tls_out_resumption$& + have bits 0-4 indicating respectively + support built, client requested ticket, client offered session, + server issued ticket, resume used. A suitable decode list is provided + in the builtin macro _RESUME_DECODE for in &%listextract%& expansions. + +.next +Control: + +The &%tls_resumption_hosts%& main option specifies a hostlist for which +exim, operating as a server, will offer resumption to clients. +Current best practice is to not offer the feature to MUA connection. +Commonly this can be done like this: +.code +tls_resumption_hosts = ${if inlist {$received_port}{587:465} {:}{*}} +.endd +If the peer host matches the list after expansion then resumption +is offered and/or accepted. + +The &%tls_resumption_hosts%& smtp transport option performs the +equivalent function for operation as a client. +If the peer host matches the list after expansion then resumption +is attempted (if a stored session is available) or the information +stored (if supplied by the peer). + + +.next +Issues: + + In a resumed session: +.ilist + The variables &$tls_{in,out}_cipher$& will have values different + to the original (under GnuTLS). +.next + The variables &$tls_{in,out}_ocsp$& will be "not requested" or "no response", + and the &%hosts_require_ocsp%& smtp trasnport option will fail. +. XXX need to do something with that hosts_require_ocsp +.endlist + +.endlist +.wen + .section DANE "SECDANE" .cindex DANE @@ -31097,7 +31297,7 @@ data is read. that are being submitted at the same time using &%-bs%& or &%-bS%&. .vitem &*control&~=&~utf8_downconvert*& -This control enables conversion of UTF-8 in message addresses +This control enables conversion of UTF-8 in message envelope addresses to a-label form. For details see section &<>&. .endlist vlist @@ -38018,6 +38218,7 @@ selection marked by asterisks: &`*tls_certificate_verified `& certificate verification status &`*tls_cipher `& TLS cipher suite on <= and => lines &` tls_peerdn `& TLS peer DN on <= and => lines +&` tls_resumption `& append * to cipher field &` tls_sni `& TLS SNI on <= lines &` unknown_in_list `& DNS lookup failed in list match @@ -38419,6 +38620,14 @@ connection, the cipher suite used is added to the log line, preceded by X=. connection, and a certificate is supplied by the remote host, the peer DN is added to the log line, preceded by DN=. .next +.cindex "log" "TLS resumption" +.cindex "TLS" "logging session resumption" +.new +&%tls_resumption%&: When a message is sent or received over an encrypted +connection and the TLS session resumed one used on a previous TCP connection, +an asterisk is appended to the X= cipher field in the log line. +.wen +.next .cindex "log" "TLS SNI" .cindex "TLS" "logging SNI" &%tls_sni%&: When a message is received over an encrypted connection, and @@ -38964,6 +39173,10 @@ for remote hosts .next &'ratelimit'&: the data for implementing the ratelimit ACL condition .next +.new +&'tls'&: TLS session resumption data +.wen +.next &'misc'&: other hints data .endlist @@ -41068,6 +41281,108 @@ The lookup will return the same result strings as can appear in +.section "SRS (Sender Rewriting Scheme)" SECTSRS +.cindex SRS "sender rewriting scheme" + +.new +SRS can be used to modify sender addresses when forwarding so that +SPF verification does not object to them. +It operates by encoding the original envelope sender in a new +sender local part and using a domain run by the forwarding site +as the new domain for the sender. Any DSN message should be returned +to this new sender at the forwarding site, which can extract the +original sender from the coded local part and forward the DSN to +the originator. + +This is a way of avoiding the breakage that SPF does to forwarding. +The constructed local-part will be longer than the original, +leading to possible problems with very long addresses. +The changing of the sender address also hinders the tracing of mail +problems. + +Exim can be built to include native SRS support. To do this +SUPPORT_SRS=yes must be defined in &_Local/Makefile_&. +If this has been done, the macros _HAVE_SRS and _HAVE_NATIVE_SRS +will be defined. +The support is limited to SRS0-encoding; SRS1 is not supported. + +.cindex SRS excoding +To encode an address use this expansion item: +.vlist +.vitem &*${srs_encode&~{*&<&'secret'&>&*}{*&<&'return&~path'&>&*}{*&<&'original&~domain'&>&*}}*& +.cindex "&%srs_encode%& expansion item" +.cindex SRS "expansion item" +The first argument should be a secret known and used by all systems +handling the recipient domain for the original message. +There is no need to periodically change this key; a timestamp is also +encoded. +The second argument should be given as the envelope sender address before this +encoding operation. +The third argument should be the recipient domain of the message when +it arrived at this system. +.endlist + +.cindex SRS decoding +To decode an address use this expansion condition: +.vlist +.vitem &*inbound_srs&~{*&<&'local&~part'&>&*}{*&<&'secret'&>&*}*& +The first argument should be the recipient local prt as is was received. +The second argument is the site secret. + +If the messages is not for an SRS-encoded recipient the condition will +return false. If it is, the condition will return true and the variable +&$srs_recipient$& will be set to the decoded (original) value. +.endlist + +Example usage: +.code + #macro + SRS_SECRET = + + #routers + + outbound: + driver = dnslookup + # if outbound, and forwarding has been done, use an alternate transport + domains = ! +my_domains + transport = ${if eq {$local_part@$domain} \ + {$original_local_part@$original_domain} \ + {remote_smtp} {remote_forwarded_smtp}} + + inbound_srs: + driver = redirect + senders = : + domains = +my_domains + # detect inbound bounces which are SRS'd, and decode them + condition = ${if inbound_srs {$local_part} {SRS_SECRET}} + data = $srs_recipient + + inbound_srs_failure: + driver = redirect + senders = : + domains = +my_domains + # detect inbound bounces which look SRS'd but are invalid + condition = ${if inbound_srs {$local_part} {}} + allow_fail + data = :fail: Invalid SRS recipient address + + #... further routers here + + + # transport; should look like the non-forward outbound + # one, plus the max_rcpt and return_path options + remote_forwarded_smtp: + driver = smtp + # modify the envelope from, for mails that we forward + max_rcpt = 1 + return_path = ${srs_encode {SRS_SECRET} {$return_path} {$original_domain}} +.endd + + +.wen + + + .section DMARC SECDMARC .cindex DMARC verification @@ -41524,22 +41839,27 @@ may use the following modifier: control = utf8_downconvert control = utf8_downconvert/ .endd -This sets a flag requiring that addresses are converted to -a-label form before smtp delivery, for use in a -Message Submission Agent context. +This sets a flag requiring that envelope addresses are converted to +a-label form before smtp delivery. +This is usually for use in a Message Submission Agent context, +but could be used for any message. + If a value is appended it may be: .display -&`1 `& (default) mandatory downconversion +&`1 `& mandatory downconversion &`0 `& no downconversion &`-1 `& if SMTPUTF8 not supported by destination host .endd +If no value is given, 1 is used. If mua_wrapper is set, the utf8_downconvert control is initially set to -1. The smtp transport has an option &%utf8_downconvert%&. If set it must expand to one of the three values described above, -and it overrides any previously set value. +or an empty string. +If non-empty it overrides value previously set +(due to mua_wrapper or by an ACL control). There is no explicit support for VRFY and EXPN.