X-Git-Url: https://git.exim.org/exim.git/blobdiff_plain/29f89cad0cf7be1977f6ed36d27ac9b651aec9e2..77bb000fa965b786ddb1085dd5af6c80c7d425b0:/doc/doc-txt/NewStuff diff --git a/doc/doc-txt/NewStuff b/doc/doc-txt/NewStuff index b70fa5e68..589bc5397 100644 --- a/doc/doc-txt/NewStuff +++ b/doc/doc-txt/NewStuff @@ -1,4 +1,4 @@ -$Cambridge: exim/doc/doc-txt/NewStuff,v 1.141 2007/02/14 14:59:01 ph10 Exp $ +$Cambridge: exim/doc/doc-txt/NewStuff,v 1.166 2010/06/05 09:10:09 pdp Exp $ New Features in Exim -------------------- @@ -8,362 +8,306 @@ Before a formal release, there may be quite a lot of detail so that people can test from the snapshots or the CVS before the documentation is updated. Once the documentation is updated, this file is reduced to a short list. -Version 4.67 + +Version 4.73 ------------ - 1. There is a new log selector called smtp_no_mail, which is not included in - the default setting. When it is set, a line is written to the main log - whenever an accepted SMTP connection terminates without having issued a - MAIL command. This includes both the case when the connection is dropped, - and the case when QUIT is used. Note that it does not include cases where - the connection is rejected right at the start (by an ACL, or because there - are too many connections, or whatever). These cases already have their own - log lines. - - The log line that is written contains the identity of the client in the - usual way, followed by D= and a time, which records the duration of the - connection. If the connection was authenticated, this fact is logged - exactly as it is for an incoming message, with an A= item. If the - connection was encrypted, CV=, DN=, and X= items may appear as they do for - an incoming message, controlled by the same logging options. - - Finally, if any SMTP commands were issued during the connection, a C= item - is added to the line, listing the commands that were used. For example, - - C=EHLO,QUIT - - shows that the client issued QUIT straight after EHLO. If there were fewer - than 20 commands, they are all listed. If there were more than 20 commands, - the last 20 are listed, preceded by "...". However, with the default - setting of 10 for smtp_accep_max_nonmail, the connection will in any case - be aborted before 20 non-mail commands are processed. + 1. A new main configuration option, "openssl_options", is available if Exim + is built with SSL support provided by OpenSSL. The option allows + administrators to specify OpenSSL options to be used on connections; + typically this is to set bug compatibility features which the OpenSSL + developers have not enabled by default. There may be security + consequences for certain options, so these should not be changed + frivolously. - 2. When an item in a dnslists list is followed by = and & and a list of IP - addresses, in order to restrict the match to specific results from the DNS - lookup, the behaviour was not clear when the lookup returned more than one - IP address. For example, consider the condition - dnslists = a.b.c=127.0.0.1 +Version 4.72 +------------ - What happens if the DNS lookup for the incoming IP address yields both - 127.0.0.1 and 127.0.0.2 by means of two separate DNS records? Is the - condition true because at least one given value was found, or is it false - because at least one of the found values was not listed? And how does this - affect negated conditions? + 1. TWO SECURITY FIXES: one relating to mail-spools which are globally + writable, the other to locking of MBX folders (not mbox). - The behaviour of = and & has not been changed; however, the text below - documents it more clearly. In addition, two new additional conditions (== - and =&) have been added, to permit the "other" behaviour to be configured. + 2. MySQL stored procedures are now supported. - A DNS lookup may yield more than one record. Thus, the result of the lookup - for a dnslists check may yield more than one IP address. The question then - arises as to whether all the looked up addresses must be listed, or whether - just one is good enough. Both possibilities are provided for: + 3. The dkim_domain transport option is now a list, not a single string, and + messages will be signed for each element in the list (discarding + duplicates). - . If = or & is used, the condition is true if any one of the looked up - IP addresses matches one of the listed addresses. Consider: + 4. The 4.70 release unexpectedly changed the behaviour of dnsdb TXT lookups + in the presence of multiple character strings within the RR. Prior to 4.70, + only the first string would be returned. The dnsdb lookup now, by default, + preserves the pre-4.70 semantics, but also now takes an extended output + separator specification. The separator can be followed by a semicolon, to + concatenate the individual text strings together with no join character, + or by a comma and a second separator character, in which case the text + strings within a TXT record are joined on that second character. + Administrators are reminded that DNS provides no ordering guarantees + between multiple records in an RRset. For example: - dnslists = a.b.c=127.0.0.1 + foo.example. IN TXT "a" "b" "c" + foo.example. IN TXT "d" "e" "f" - If the DNS lookup yields both 127.0.0.1 and 127.0.0.2, the condition is - true because 127.0.0.1 matches. + ${lookup dnsdb{>/ txt=foo.example}} -> "a/d" + ${lookup dnsdb{>/; txt=foo.example}} -> "def/abc" + ${lookup dnsdb{>/,+ txt=foo.example}} -> "a+b+c/d+e+f" - . If == or =& is used, the condition is true only if every one of the - looked up IP addresses matches one of the listed addresses. Consider: - dnslists = a.b.c==127.0.0.1 +Version 4.70 / 4.71 +------------------- - If the DNS lookup yields both 127.0.0.1 and 127.0.0.2, the condition is - false because 127.0.0.2 is not listed. You would need to have + 1. Native DKIM support without an external library. + (Note that if no action to prevent it is taken, a straight upgrade will + result in DKIM verification of all signed incoming emails. See spec + for details on conditionally disabling) - dnslists = a.b.c==127.0.0.1,127.0.0.2 + 2. Experimental DCC support via dccifd (contributed by Wolfgang Breyha). - for the condition to be true. + 3. There is now a bool{} expansion condition which maps certain strings to + true/false condition values (most likely of use in conjuction with the + and{} expansion operator). - When ! is used to negate IP address matching, it inverts the result, giving - the precise opposite of the behaviour above. Thus: + 4. The $spam_score, $spam_bar and $spam_report variables are now available + at delivery time. - . If != or !& is used, the condition is true if none of the looked up IP - addresses matches one of the listed addresses. Consider: + 5. exim -bP now supports "macros", "macro_list" or "macro MACRO_NAME" as + options, provided that Exim is invoked by an admin_user. - dnslists = a.b.c!&0.0.0.1 + 6. There is a new option gnutls_compat_mode, when linked against GnuTLS, + which increases compatibility with older clients at the cost of decreased + security. Don't set this unless you need to support such clients. - If the DNS lookup yields both 127.0.0.1 and 127.0.0.2, the condition is - false because 127.0.0.1 matches. + 7. There is a new expansion operator, ${randint:...} which will produce a + "random" number less than the supplied integer. This randomness is + not guaranteed to be cryptographically strong, but depending upon how + Exim was built may be better than the most naive schemes. - . If !== or !=& is used, the condition is true there is at least one looked - up IP address that does not match. Consider: + 8. Exim now explicitly ensures that SHA256 is available when linked against + OpenSSL. - dnslists = a.b.c!=&0.0.0.1 + 9. The transport_filter_timeout option now applies to SMTP transports too. - If the DNS lookup yields both 127.0.0.1 and 127.0.0.2, the condition is - true, because 127.0.0.2 does not match. You would need to have - dnslists = a.b.c!=&0.0.0.1,0.0.0.2 +Version 4.68 +------------ - for the condition to be false. + 1. The body_linecount and body_zerocount C variables are now exported in the + local_scan API. + + 2. When a dnslists lookup succeeds, the key that was looked up is now placed + in $dnslist_matched. When the key is an IP address, it is not reversed in + this variable (though it is, of course, in the actual lookup). In simple + cases, for example: + + deny dnslists = spamhaus.example + + the key is also available in another variable (in this case, + $sender_host_address). In more complicated cases, however, this is not + true. For example, using a data lookup might generate a dnslists lookup + like this: + + deny dnslists = spamhaus.example/<|192.168.1.2|192.168.6.7|... + + If this condition succeeds, the value in $dnslist_matched might be + 192.168.6.7 (for example). + + 3. Authenticators now have a client_condition option. When Exim is running as + a client, it skips an authenticator whose client_condition expansion yields + "0", "no", or "false". This can be used, for example, to skip plain text + authenticators when the connection is not encrypted by a setting such as: + + client_condition = ${if !eq{$tls_cipher}{}} + + Note that the 4.67 documentation states that $tls_cipher contains the + cipher used for incoming messages. In fact, during SMTP delivery, it + contains the cipher used for the delivery. The same is true for + $tls_peerdn. - When the DNS lookup yields only a single IP address, there is no difference - between = and == and between & and =&. + 4. There is now a -Mvc option, which outputs a copy of the + message to the standard output, in RFC 2822 format. The option can be used + only by an admin user. - 3. Up till now, the only control over which cipher suites GnuTLS uses has been - for the cipher algorithms. New options have been added to allow some of the - other parameters to be varied. Here is complete documentation for the - available features: - - GnuTLS allows the caller to specify separate lists of permitted key - exchange methods, main cipher algorithms, and MAC algorithms. These may be - used in any combination to form a specific cipher suite. This is unlike - OpenSSL, where complete cipher names can be passed to its control function. - GnuTLS also allows a list of acceptable protocols to be supplied. - - For compatibility with OpenSSL, the tls_require_ciphers option can be set - to complete cipher suite names such as RSA_ARCFOUR_SHA, but for GnuTLS this - option controls only the cipher algorithms. Exim searches each item in the - list for the name of an available algorithm. For example, if the list - contains RSA_AES_SHA, then AES is recognized, and the behaviour is exactly - the same as if just AES were given. - - There are additional options called gnutls_require_kx, gnutls_require_mac, - and gnutls_require_protocols that can be used to restrict the key exchange - methods, MAC algorithms, and protocols, respectively. These options are - ignored if OpenSSL is in use. - - All four options are available as global options, controlling how Exim - behaves as a server, and also as options of the smtp transport, controlling - how Exim behaves as a client. All the values are string expanded. After - expansion, the values must be colon-separated lists, though the separator - can be changed in the usual way. - - Each of the four lists starts out with a default set of algorithms. If the - first item in one of the "require" options does _not_ start with an - exclamation mark, all the default items are deleted. In this case, only - those that are explicitly specified can be used. If the first item in one - of the "require" items _does_ start with an exclamation mark, the defaults - are left on the list. - - Then, any item that starts with an exclamation mark causes the relevant - entry to be removed from the list, and any item that does not start with an - exclamation mark causes a new entry to be added to the list. Unrecognized - items in the list are ignored. Thus: - - tls_require_ciphers = !ARCFOUR - - allows all the defaults except ARCFOUR, whereas - - tls_require_ciphers = AES : 3DES - - allows only cipher suites that use AES or 3DES. For tls_require_ciphers - the recognized names are AES_256, AES_128, AES (both of the preceding), - 3DES, ARCFOUR_128, ARCFOUR_40, and ARCFOUR (both of the preceding). The - default list does not contain all of these; it just has AES_256, AES_128, - 3DES, and ARCFOUR_128. - - For gnutls_require_kx, the recognized names are DHE_RSA, RSA (which - includes DHE_RSA), DHE_DSS, and DHE (which includes both DHE_RSA and - DHE_DSS). The default list contains RSA, DHE_DSS, DHE_RSA. - - For gnutls_require_mac, the recognized names are SHA (synonym SHA1), and - MD5. The default list contains SHA, MD5. - - For gnutls_require_protocols, the recognized names are TLS1 and SSL3. - The default list contains TLS1, SSL3. - - In a server, the order of items in these lists is unimportant. The server - will advertise the availability of all the relevant cipher suites. However, - in a client, the order in the tls_require_ciphers list specifies a - preference order for the cipher algorithms. The first one in the client's - list that is also advertised by the server is tried first. - - 4. There is a new compile-time option called ENABLE_DISABLE_FSYNC. You must - not set this option unless you really, really, really understand what you - are doing. No pre-compiled distributions of Exim should ever set this - option. When it is set, Exim compiles a runtime option called - disable_fsync. If this is set true, Exim no longer calls fsync() to force - updated files' data to be written to disc. Unexpected events such as - crashes and power outages may cause data to be lost or scrambled. Beware. - - When ENABLE_DISABLE_FSYNC is not set, a reference to disable_fsync in a - runtime configuration generates an "unknown option" error. - - 5. There is a new variable called $smtp_count_at_connection_start. The name - is deliberately long, in order to emphasize what the contents are. This - variable is set greater than zero only in processes spawned by the Exim - daemon for handling incoming SMTP connections. When the daemon accepts a - new connection, it increments this variable. A copy of the variable is - passed to the child process that handles the connection, but its value is - fixed, and never changes. It is only an approximation of how many incoming - connections there actually are, because many other connections may come and - go while a single connection is being processed. When a child process - terminates, the daemon decrements the variable. - - 6. There's a new control called no_pipelining, which does what its name - suggests. It turns off the advertising of the PIPELINING extension to SMTP. - To be useful, this control must be obeyed before Exim sends its response to - an EHLO command. Therefore, it should normally appear in an ACL controlled - by acl_smtp_connect or acl_smtp_helo. + 5. There is now a /noupdate option for the ratelimit ACL condition. It + computes the rate and checks the limit as normal, but it does not update + the saved data. This means that, in relevant ACLs, it is possible to lookup + the existence of a specified (or auto-generated) ratelimit key without + incrementing the ratelimit counter for that key. - 7. There are two new variables called $sending_ip_address and $sending_port. - These are set whenever an SMTP connection to another host has been set up, - and they contain the IP address and port of the local interface that is - being used. They are of interest only on hosts that have more than on IP - address that want to take on different personalities depending on which one - is being used. + In order for this to be useful, another ACL entry must set the rate + for the same key somewhere (otherwise it will always be zero). - 8. The expansion of the helo_data option in the smtp transport now happens - after the connection to the server has been made. This means that it can - use the value of $sending_ip_address (see 7 above) to vary the text of the - message. For example, if you want the string that is used for helo_data to - be obtained by a DNS lookup of the interface address, you could use this: + Example: - helo_data = ${lookup dnsdb{ptr=$sending_ip_address}{$value}\ - {$primary_hostname}} + acl_check_connect: + # Read the rate; if it doesn't exist or is below the maximum + # we update it below + deny ratelimit = 100 / 5m / strict / noupdate + log_message = RATE: $sender_rate / $sender_rate_period \ + (max $sender_rate_limit) - The use of helo_data applies both to sending messages and when doing - callouts. + [... some other logic and tests...] - 9. There is a new expansion operator ${rfc2047d: that decodes strings that - are encoded as per RFC 2047. Binary zero bytes are replaced by question - marks. Characters are converted into the character set defined by - headers_charset. Overlong RFC 2047 "words" are not recognized unless - check_rfc2047_length is set false. + warn ratelimit = 100 / 5m / strict / per_cmd + log_message = RATE UPDATE: $sender_rate / $sender_rate_period \ + (max $sender_rate_limit) + condition = ${if le{$sender_rate}{$sender_rate_limit}} -10. There is a new log selector called "pid", which causes the current process - id to be added to every log line, in square brackets, immediately after the - time and date. + accept -11. Exim has been modified so that it flushes SMTP output before implementing - a delay in an ACL. It also flushes the output before performing a callout, - as this can take a substantial time. These behaviours can be disabled by - obeying control = no_delay_flush or control = no_callout_flush, - respectively, at some earlier stage of the connection. The effect of the - new default behaviour is to disable the PIPELINING optimization in these - situations, in order to avoid unexpected timeouts in clients. + 6. The variable $max_received_linelength contains the number of bytes in the + longest line that was received as part of the message, not counting the + line termination character(s). -12. There are two new expansion conditions that iterate over a list. They are - called forany and forall, and they are used like this: + 7. Host lists can now include +ignore_defer and +include_defer, analagous to + +ignore_unknown and +include_unknown. These options should be used with + care, probably only in non-critical host lists such as whitelists. - ${if forany{}{}{}{}} - ${if forall{}{}{}{}} + 8. There's a new option called queue_only_load_latch, which defaults true. + If set false when queue_only_load is greater than zero, Exim re-evaluates + the load for each incoming message in an SMTP session. Otherwise, once one + message is queued, the remainder are also. - The first argument is expanded, and the result is treated as a list. By - default, the list separator is a colon, but it can be changed by the normal - method. The second argument is interpreted as a condition that is to be - applied to each item in the list in turn. During the interpretation of the - condition, the current list item is placed in a variable called $item. + 9. There is a new ACL, specified by acl_smtp_notquit, which is run in most + cases when an SMTP session ends without sending QUIT. However, when Exim + itself is is bad trouble, such as being unable to write to its log files, + this ACL is not run, because it might try to do things (such as write to + log files) that make the situation even worse. - - For forany, interpretation stops if the condition is true for any item, - and the yes-string is then expanded. If the condition is false for all - items in the list, the no-string is expanded. + Like the QUIT ACL, this new ACL is provided to make it possible to gather + statistics. Whatever it returns (accept or deny) is immaterial. The "delay" + modifier is forbidden in this ACL. - - For forall, interpration stops if the condition is false for any item, - and the no-string is then expanded. If the condition is true for all - items in the list, the yes-string is expanded. + When the NOTQUIT ACL is running, the variable $smtp_notquit_reason is set + to a string that indicates the reason for the termination of the SMTP + connection. The possible values are: - Note that negation of forany means that the condition must be false for all - items for the overall condition to succeed, and negation of forall means - that the condition must be false for at least one item. + acl-drop Another ACL issued a "drop" command + bad-commands Too many unknown or non-mail commands + command-timeout Timeout while reading SMTP commands + connection-lost The SMTP connection has been lost + data-timeout Timeout while reading message data + local-scan-error The local_scan() function crashed + local-scan-timeout The local_scan() function timed out + signal-exit SIGTERM or SIGINT + synchronization-error SMTP synchronization error + tls-failed TLS failed to start - In this example, the list separator is changed to a comma: + In most cases when an SMTP connection is closed without having received + QUIT, Exim sends an SMTP response message before actually closing the + connection. With the exception of acl-drop, the default message can be + overridden by the "message" modifier in the NOTQUIT ACL. In the case of a + "drop" verb in another ACL, it is the message from the other ACL that is + used. - ${if forany{<, $recipients}{match{$item}{^user3@}}{yes}{no}} +10. For MySQL and PostgreSQL lookups, it is now possible to specify a list of + servers with individual queries. This is done by starting the query with + "servers=x:y:z;", where each item in the list may take one of two forms: - Outside a forany/forall condition, the value of $item is an empty string. - Its value is saved and restored while forany/forall is being processed, to - enable these expansion items to be nested. + (1) If it is just a host name, the appropriate global option (mysql_servers + or pgsql_servers) is searched for a host of the same name, and the + remaining parameters (database, user, password) are taken from there. -13. There's a new global option called dsn_from that can be used to vary the - contents of From: lines in bounces and other automatically generated - messages ("delivery status notifications" - hence the name of the option). - The default setting is: + (2) If it contains any slashes, it is taken as a complete parameter set. - dsn_from = Mail Delivery System + The list of servers is used in exactly the same was as the global list. + Once a connection to a server has happened and a query has been + successfully executed, processing of the lookup ceases. - The value is expanded every time it is needed. If the expansion fails, a - panic is logged, and the default setting is used. + This feature is intended for use in master/slave situations where updates + are occurring, and one wants to update a master rather than a slave. If the + masters are in the list for reading, you might have: -14. The smtp transport has a new option called hosts_avoid_pipelining. It can - be used to suppress the use of PIPELINING to certain hosts, while still - supporting the other SMTP extensions (cf hosts_avoid_tls). + mysql_servers = slave1/db/name/pw:slave2/db/name/pw:master/db/name/pw -15. By default, exigrep does case-insensitive matches. There is now a -I option - that makes it case-sensitive. This may give a performance improvement when - searching large log files. Without -I, the Perl pattern matches use the /i - option; with -I they don't. In both cases it is possible to change the case - sensitivity within the pattern using (?i) or (?-i). + In an updating lookup, you could then write + + ${lookup mysql{servers=master; UPDATE ...} + + If, on the other hand, the master is not to be used for reading lookups: + + pgsql_servers = slave1/db/name/pw:slave2/db/name/pw -14. A number of new features have been added to string expansions to make it - easier to process lists of items, typically addresses. These are as - follows: + you can still update the master by - * ${addresses:} + ${lookup pgsql{servers=master/db/name/pw; UPDATE ...} - The string (after expansion) is interpreted as a list of addresses in RFC - 2822 format, such as can be found in a To: or Cc: header line. The - operative address (local-part@domain) is extracted from each item, and the - result of the expansion is a colon-separated list, with appropriate - doubling of colons should any happen to be present in the email addresses. - Syntactically invalid RFC2822 address items are omitted from the output. +11. The message_body_newlines option (default FALSE, for backwards + compatibility) can be used to control whether newlines are present in + $message_body and $message_body_end. If it is FALSE, they are replaced by + spaces. - It is possible to specify a character other than colon for the output - separator by starting the string with > followed by the new separator - character. For example: - ${addresses:>& The Boss , sec@base.ment (dogsbody)} +Version 4.67 +------------ + + 1. There is a new log selector called smtp_no_mail, which is not included in + the default setting. When it is set, a line is written to the main log + whenever an accepted SMTP connection terminates without having issued a + MAIL command. + + 2. When an item in a dnslists list is followed by = and & and a list of IP + addresses, the behaviour was not clear when the lookup returned more than + one IP address. This has been solved by the addition of == and =& for "all" + rather than the default "any" matching. + + 3. Up till now, the only control over which cipher suites GnuTLS uses has been + for the cipher algorithms. New options have been added to allow some of the + other parameters to be varied. - expands to "ceo@up.stairs&sec@base.ment". Compare ${address (singular), - which extracts the working address from a single RFC2822 address. + 4. There is a new compile-time option called ENABLE_DISABLE_FSYNC. When it is + set, Exim compiles a runtime option called disable_fsync. - * ${map{}{}} + 5. There is a new variable called $smtp_count_at_connection_start. + + 6. There's a new control called no_pipelining. + + 7. There are two new variables called $sending_ip_address and $sending_port. + These are set whenever an SMTP connection to another host has been set up. - After expansion, is interpreted as a list, colon-separated by - default, but the separator can be changed in the usual way. For each item - in this list, its value is place in $item, and then is expanded - and added to the output as an item in a new list. The separator used for - the output list is the same as the one used for the input, but is not - included in the output. For example: + 8. The expansion of the helo_data option in the smtp transport now happens + after the connection to the server has been made. - ${map{a:b:c}{[$item]}} ${map{<- x-y-z}{($item)}} + 9. There is a new expansion operator ${rfc2047d: that decodes strings that + are encoded as per RFC 2047. - expands to "[a]:[b]:[c] (x)-(y)-(z)". At the end of the expansion, the - value of $item is restored to what it was before. +10. There is a new log selector called "pid", which causes the current process + id to be added to every log line, in square brackets, immediately after the + time and date. - * ${filter{}{}} +11. Exim has been modified so that it flushes SMTP output before implementing + a delay in an ACL. It also flushes the output before performing a callout, + as this can take a substantial time. These behaviours can be disabled by + obeying control = no_delay_flush or control = no_callout_flush, + respectively, at some earlier stage of the connection. - After expansion, is interpreted as a list, colon-separated by - default, but the separator can be changed in the usual way. For each item - in this list, its value is place in $item, and then the condition is - evaluated. If the condition is true, $item is added to the output as an - item in a new list; if the condition is false, the item is discarded. The - separator used for the output list is the same as the one used for the - input, but is not included in the output. For example: +12. There are two new expansion conditions that iterate over a list. They are + called forany and forall. - ${filter{a:b:c}{!eq{$item}{b}} +13. There's a new global option called dsn_from that can be used to vary the + contents of From: lines in bounces and other automatically generated + messages ("delivery status notifications" - hence the name of the option). - yields "a:c". At the end of the expansion, the value of $item is restored - to what it was before. +14. The smtp transport has a new option called hosts_avoid_pipelining. - * ${reduce{}{}{}} +15. By default, exigrep does case-insensitive matches. There is now a -I option + that makes it case-sensitive. - The ${reduce expansion operation reduces a list to a single, scalar string. - After expansion, is interpreted as a list, colon-separated by - default, but the separator can be changed in the usual way. Then - is expanded and assigned to the $value variable. After this, each item in - the list is assigned to $item in turn, and is expanded - for each of them. The result of that expansion is assigned to $value before - the next iteration. When the end of the list is reached, the final value of - $value is added to the expansion string. The ${reduce expansion item can be - used in a number of ways. For example, to add up a list of numbers: +16. A number of new features ("addresses", "map", "filter", and "reduce") have + been added to string expansions to make it easier to process lists of + items, typically addresses. - ${reduce {<, 1,2,3}{0}{${eval:$value+$item}}} +17. There's a new ACL modifier called "continue". It does nothing of itself, + and processing of the ACL always continues with the next condition or + modifier. It is provided so that the side effects of expanding its argument + can be used. - The result of that expansion would be "6". The maximum of a list of numbers - can be found: +18. It is now possible to use newline and other control characters (those with + values less than 32, plus DEL) as separators in lists. - ${reduce {3:0:9:4:6}{0}{${if >{$item}{$value}{$item}{$value}}}} +19. The exigrep utility now has a -v option, which inverts the matching + condition. - At the end of a ${reduce expansion, the values of $item and $value is - restored to what they were before. +20. The host_find_failed option in the manualroute router can now be set to + "ignore". Version 4.66